Yet, the present inventor finds, although under immunization with gD DNA vaccine, the distribution of gap location magnetic flux approaches sinusoidal wave magnetic flux distributions most when magnetic pole angle θ is 60 °, but when generator was having under the load (promptly under loading condition) practical operation, this irregularity of wave form KW was not a minimum.Even find that also magnetic pole angle is 60 ° when load is arranged, be used to encourage the required field magnetomotive force of generator always minimum, and the loss of the temperature rise of magnetic field winding and magnetic field winding neither be minimum.
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of two-pole turbine generator that irregularity of wave form diminishes under loading condition, thereby has strengthened the quality of power supply, and in addition, field supply required under loading condition also can reduce.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of two-pole turbine generator that can increase its power output under equal volume.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of two-pole turbine generator and rotor thereof that can make the exciting bank power reduction that produces magnetic field.
For this purpose, according to an aspect of the present invention, a two-pole turbine generator is provided, it has a stator and the rotor by bearings, supporting way is to constitute a gap between stator and the rotor, its rotor has: (I) solid type rotor core, and it has: pole parts, a plurality of groove and teeth that limit between two adjacent grooves that are formed on the non-pole parts of rotor core are (ii) distinguished the magnetic field winding of intercalation in groove; (iii) respectively intercalation in groove with the voussoir of magnetic field, location winding, wherein set up the relation of 65 °≤θ≤75 ° and Nr=20+4m (m=1,2,3), herein, θ represents the angle between two grooves of insertion pole parts therebetween, and Nr represents the groove number; In addition, also can set up following relation: 75 °≤θ≤80 ° and Nr=16+m (m=1,2 and 3).
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide the rotor of a two-pole turbine generator, it has: (i) solid type rotor core, and it has: pole parts; A plurality of groove and teeth that limit between two adjacent grooves that are formed on the non-pole parts of rotor core are (ii) distinguished the magnetic field winding of intercalation in groove; (iii) be inserted in respectively in the groove to locate the voussoir of magnetic field winding; Wherein set up the relation of 65 °≤θ≤75 ° and Nr=20+4m (m=1,2,3), herein, θ represents to insert the angle between two grooves of pole parts therebetween, and Nr represents the groove number; In addition, also can set up following relation: 75 °≤θ≤80 ° and Nr=16+m (m=1,2 and 3).
As shown in Figure 1, the turbogenerator of present embodiment has: a stator 1 and a rotor 2 that is supported by the bearing (not shown) like this, form a gap 11 between stator 1 and the rotor 2.Stator 1 comprises that one has stator slot 3 to open within it interlayer core, and armature winding 4 is located at respectively in the stator slot 3, by a rectangle (or flat pattern) copper conductor, armature winding 4 constitutes a hexagon coil, and the opening portion of a stator slot 3 is filled in a stator voussoir 5 so that armature winding 4 can not skidded off in groove 3.
The rotor 2 of turbogenerator is made up of a single solid steel body, and rotor 2 can have enough mechanical strengths like this.As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, rotor 2 comprises pole parts 6 and non-pole parts.In the drawings, in the two poles of the earth one only is shown.Non-pole parts has a plurality of rotor 7 along circumference isogonism gap to limit the tooth 8 between the groove.Groove 7 parts above magnetic field winding 9 are filled in a rotor voussoir 10 so that clamp magnetic field winding 9.Generally constitute magnetic field winding 9 by twining a bare bar copper, and be provided with electric insulation between the winding layers along edge direction.Adopt this structure,, will produce a magnetic flux in d-axis 12 directions that pole parts 6 isogonisms are separated by exciting field winding 9.
As mentioned above, be provided with a plurality of grooves 7, if be labeled as S respectively with order from pole parts 6 extend 90 ° of grooves 7 of respectively organizing in this zone from d-axis 12 along both direction
1, S
2Sr, because this generator is one or two pole generator, the number N r of groove 7 is by following equation expression, Nr=4 * r, as shown in Figure 2, groove S
1The depth as shallow of comparable other groove of the degree of depth, such two opposed slot S
1Circumferential distance between the bottom just increases, thereby makes it be difficult to be in the magnetic saturation state.
In the rotor 2 of this embodiment shown in Figure 2, the number N r of magnetic pole angle θ and groove 7 determines like this, and they one of satisfy in following two kinds of relations or condition (1) and (2):
Relation (1): 65 °≤θ≤75 ° and Nr=20+4m (m=1,2 and 3)
Relation (2): 75 °≤θ≤80 ° and Nr=16+4m (m=1,2 and 3)
Now, the reason that adopts these relations will be described hereinafter, in explanation, will be in 40 ° to 90 ° scopes and groove to magnetic pole angle θ and count Nr and be in 16,20 that the situation in 24,28,32 and 36 these scopes is studied.Why to count Nr be that the reason of 4 multiple is that the rotor of two pole generators is symmetrical with respect to pole parts to groove.
Fig. 3 is the relation between magnetic pole angle and the terminal voltage waveform variability in the two-pole turbine generator of one 100 megavolt-ampere level of expression, and in the case, it is 0.9Pu that rated power factor postpones.The size of magnetic field winding and groove is to determine like this: count Nr condition separately with respect to magnetic pole angle θ and groove, they should satisfy the required mechanical strength of rotor.Inverse with the synchronous reactance of per unit system representation is a short circuit ratio.Generally when generator of design, stablize and provide the size of a generator balanced body in order to make electrical system (system that generator is attached thereto), must remain on a certain numerical value as its coefficient short circuit ratio during design, therefore, in any design, need synchronous reactance at generator have under the condition of identical numerical value and compare.
In Fig. 3,5 bullets are illustrated in one by measured waveform aberration rate KW in the small-scale model of 100 megavolt-ampere level two-pole turbine generators of cross section simulation, and wherein to count Nr be 24 and magnetic pole angle θ is respectively 40 ° to groove, and 60 °, 70 °, 80 ° and 90 °.Bai Yuandian represents the irregularity of wave form KW under loading condition that calculates according to these measured waveform aberration rates.As shown in Figure 3, count Nr when magnetic pole angle θ is in about 65 ° to 80 ° scope even if choose any groove, under loading condition, the irregularity of wave form KW of terminal voltage will reduce, this result is different from the result of conventional structure, wherein, when unsupported situation lower magnetic pole angle θ was 60 °, terminal voltage irregularity of wave form KW was minimum.Its reason is: produce an armature reaction because flow through the electric current of armature winding 4 under loading condition, maximum flux density part postpones side from the along the circumferential direction mobile single-revolution of d-axis 12, and 11 place's flux density distribution differ from flux density distribution under the unsupported situation to the result widely in the gap.Irregularity of wave form KW also counts Nr according to groove and changes.When magnetic pole angle θ was identical, groove is counted Nr, and the more then irregularity of wave form was littler.Its reason is: the winding distribution is closeer more at most if groove is counted Nr, and contained bigger harmonic component will reduce in the gap location flux density distribution like this.
In the turbogenerator of routine, selected magnetic pole angle θ is about 60 °, and it is 24,28 or 32 that selected groove is counted Nr, in Fig. 3, for have magnetic pole angle θ be 60 ° and groove to count Nr be 32 rotor, its irregularity of wave form is represented with mark X.At that point, when having 60 ° of conventional magnetic pole angle θ under immunization with gD DNA vaccine, irregularity of wave form KW minimum, the zone that irregularity of wave form KW is littler than the KW that puts shown in the mark X in Fig. 3 is then represented with hacures.
Fig. 4 be illustrated in the described the same terms of Fig. 3 under, the relation between magnetic pole angle θ and the required field magnetomotive force ATf is being arranged under the loading condition.In Fig. 4, five bullets are represented the field magnetomotive force ATf of one 100 megavolt-ampere level two utmost point turbogenerators, and the required field magnetomotive force that this magnetomotive force is surveyed out by the small-scale model of simulating 100 megavolt-ampere levels, two utmost point turbogenerators by the cross section obtains through conversion.Bai Yuandian then represents the field magnetomotive force ATf required under the loading condition that has that estimates from these switched field magnetomotive forces, as shown in Figure 4, count Nr even choose any groove, when magnetic pole angle θ was in about 65 ° to 80 ° scope, this required field magnetomotive force was less under the loading condition having.
Just be interpreted as: when 60 ° magnetic pole angle, then be not minimum for minimum is having field magnetomotive force ATf required under the loading condition at immunization with gD DNA vaccine lower end voltage distortion rate KW.Why there is being field magnetomotive force ATf required under the loading condition to diminish during in about 65 ° to 80 ° scopes as magnetic pole angle θ, it be the reasons are as follows: under the less situation of magnetic pole angle θ when magnetic pole angle θ increases, pole parts 6 is difficult to magnetic saturation takes place, and required like this field magnetomotive force ATf just reduces; In contrast, under the bigger situation of magnetic pole angle when magnetic pole angle θ increases, increased but the magnetic saturation synchronous reactance also be difficult to take place pole parts 6.Therefore, in order to make synchronous reactance maintain an identical value, just need to increase the radial dimension in gap 11, thereby the magnetic resistance at 11 places, gap is increased, so having field magnetomotive force ATf required under the loading condition to diminish when magnetic pole angle θ is in about 65 ° to 80 ° scopes, the value of required field magnetomotive force ATf is also counted Nr with groove and is changed.If magnetic pole angle θ is identical, groove is counted Nr field magnetomotive force ATf is also little more at least so, it be the reasons are as follows: promptly groove is counted Nr less, the width of each groove 7 opening portion is bigger, so the magnetic resistance of groove 7 top Widths increases thereby passes the tooth 8 that do not link to each other with armature winding 4 and the magnetic leakage flux between the gap 11 reduces, the total magnetic flux of therefore passing rotor 2 reduces, and rotor 2 is difficult to take place magnetic saturation like this.
In Fig. 4, represent with mark X that at the field minimum magnetomotive force ATf that conventional generator under the loading condition is arranged wherein magnetic pole angle θ is that to count Nr be 24 for 60 ° and groove.And in the dash area of Fig. 4, its field magnetomotive force ATf is less than the field minimum magnetomotive force ATf of conventional generator.
Count Nr and magnetic pole angle θ according to groove, Fig. 5 expresses less irregularity of wave form district, in this district, irregularity of wave form is being arranged under the loading condition less than the minimum irregularity of wave form of conventional generator, this distinguishes the dash area among Fig. 3 just, and Fig. 5 also illustrates the less zone of field magnetomotive force, in this district, field magnetomotive force ATf under the loading condition is being arranged less than the field minimum magnetomotive force ATf of conventional generator, i.e. dash area among Fig. 4.Judge that from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 even if magnetic pole angle θ changes about 5 °, this irregularity of wave form value KW field magnetomotive force value ATf does not have very big change.Therefore, in Fig. 5, magnetic pole angle θ every 5 ° of indications once, as shown in Figure 5, in 65 °≤θ≤75 ° with Nr=20+4m (m=1,2,3), or 75 °≤θ≤80 ° and Nr=16+4m (m=1,2,3) in the zone, aberration rate KW and the magnetomotive force ATf than the turbogenerator of routine is littler respectively at the irregularity of wave form KW that it is arranged under the loading condition and required magnetomotive force ATf.
As mentioned above, count Nr, can reduce irregularity of wave form KW and magnetomotive force by selecting magnetic pole angle θ and groove.Therefore, can obtain a good terminal voltage waveform under the loading condition having, thereby improve power supply quality.And then reduced to have field supply under the loading condition.So, reduced the copper loss of magnetic field winding, also just improve the efficient of generator thereupon and suppressed the temperature rise of magnetic field winding.
In this embodiment, though narrated the analysis result of 100 megavolt-ampere level generators, can confirm, when estimating 200 megavolt-amperes according to the test result of simulation 100 megavolt-ampere generator models, during the generator of 700 megavolt-amperes and 1000 megavolt-amperes, resulting conclusion is similar to the conclusion of this embodiment.Also confirm,, can draw similar result when the delay of the estimated power factor during at 0.8Pu to 1.0Pu.
The structure of present embodiment for example can be applied to, Japanese patent laid-open publication gazette text NO60-34340 disclosed in rotor 2 buffer bar be inserted on the structure between each magnetic field winding 9 and the relevant rotor voussoir 10, also can reach similar effect in this case.