CN116154478B - Miniaturized MIMO antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturized MIMO antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116154478B CN116154478B CN202310422014.1A CN202310422014A CN116154478B CN 116154478 B CN116154478 B CN 116154478B CN 202310422014 A CN202310422014 A CN 202310422014A CN 116154478 B CN116154478 B CN 116154478B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, relates to a miniaturized MIMO antenna, and includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, four antenna units and an isolation assembly; the four antenna units are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate in an interval rotation orthogonal mode; the antenna unit comprises a feed microstrip line connected with the edge of the dielectric substrate; the isolation assembly is arranged in the front center of the dielectric substrate and comprises a first part, a second part and a third part; the first part is a quadrilateral annular structure, the corners of the quadrilateral annular structure face the middle part of the edge of the medium substrate, and the edges of the quadrilateral annular structure are curved; one end of each side extends towards the edge of the medium substrate in a curve path and is connected with the middle part of the corresponding edge to be used as a second part; the third part comprises four annular structures which are arranged inside the four-side annular structure and are in one-to-one correspondence with the sides of the four-side annular structure, the annular structure is provided with openings, and two ends of each opening are connected with the corresponding sides. The antenna can be guaranteed to be high in isolation, and miniaturization is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to a miniaturized MIMO antenna.
Background
In the age of continuous development of technology today, wireless communication is rapidly developed as one of the most widely used transmission modes. The antenna is a first step in realizing wireless communication as a transmitting and receiving device for wireless communication, so the antenna has also been rapidly developed. As more and more communication devices exist, a transmission scheme capable of transmitting more information and having a higher transmission speed is required.
In the prior art, a MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna is an antenna form which is generated in order to adapt to the needs of the age in recent years and can transmit signals in parallel, so that a plurality of channels can be transmitted simultaneously, and further, the transmission efficiency of information is effectively improved.
Microstrip patch antennas are used in every type of antenna because microstrip patch antennas themselves have the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, high cost performance, easy portability, etc. Therefore, in the design of the MIMO antenna, the microstrip patch mode is a popular choice, and according to different choices of the dielectric substrate, the functions which can be realized by the antenna are different, so that various applications of the antenna can be realized.
However, MIMO antennas currently face mainly two problems: 1) The antenna is large in size and needs to be miniaturized; 2) In order to increase the isolation between the antenna units, the antenna units are placed far from each other, so that the space in the middle is wasted to expand the size of the antenna, and the isolation needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a miniaturized MIMO antenna capable of ensuring high isolation of the antenna and achieving miniaturization.
A miniaturized MIMO antenna comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, four antenna units and an isolation assembly;
the four antenna units are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate in an interval rotation orthogonal mode; the antenna unit comprises a feed microstrip line, and one end of the feed microstrip line is connected with the edge of the dielectric substrate;
the isolation component is arranged in the front center of the dielectric substrate; the isolation assembly includes: a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion;
the first part is a quadrilateral annular structure, the corners of the quadrilateral annular structure face to the middle part of the edge of the medium substrate, and the edges of the quadrilateral annular structure are curves; one end of each side extends along the edge of the medium substrate along the radial direction of the curved line and is connected with the middle part of the corresponding edge to be used as a second part; the third part comprises four annular structures, the annular structures are arranged in the four-side annular structures and correspond to the sides of the four-side annular structures one by one, the annular structures are provided with openings, and two ends of each opening are connected with the corresponding sides.
In one embodiment, the isolation assembly further comprises: a fourth portion and a fifth portion;
the fourth part is a ring structure arranged at the center of the first part, the ring structure is provided with a notch, the notch faces one ring structure, the ring structure is connected with the other ring structures through a fifth part, and the fifth part is a strip-shaped structure.
In one embodiment, the first portion and the second portion are the same in convexity and each project toward an antenna element that is clockwise adjacent to the second portion;
the length direction of the second part is consistent with the length direction of the feed microstrip line of the anticlockwise adjacent antenna unit of the second part.
In one embodiment, gaps corresponding to the annular structures one by one are arranged in the middle of the edges of the first part, and the lengths of the gaps are smaller than the lengths of the corresponding openings, so that the first part and the third part enclose four T-shaped spaces.
In one embodiment, further comprising: an isolation fitting;
the isolation fitting is arranged at the center of the back surface of the dielectric substrate, and the isolation fitting comprises: a first member and a second member;
the first part comprises four strips to form a cross-shaped structure, the strips are in one-to-one correspondence with the gaps, and the strips are arranged on extension lines corresponding to the positions right below the gaps;
the tail ends of the cross-shaped structures are provided with a closed circular ring structure serving as a second component; the closed circular ring structures are in one-to-one correspondence with the annular structures, and the closed circular ring structures are arranged right below the corresponding annular structures and tangent to the two opposite sides of the corresponding annular structures.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises: a radiating patch;
the radiation patch is connected with the other end of the feed microstrip line, the radiation patch is of a circular structure, and three orthogonal vertexes except for the connection with the feed microstrip line on the radiation patch are provided with arc-shaped notches.
In one embodiment, the radiation patch is provided with an artificial surface plasmon component;
the artificial surface plasmon assembly comprises: a plurality of first grooves, a plurality of second grooves and a third groove;
the first notch grooves and the second notch grooves are distributed at intervals in an annular array and correspond to each other one by one, the first notch grooves are of semi-oval structures, the straight line ends of the first notch grooves are connected with one ends of the corresponding second notch grooves, the other ends of the second notch grooves are communicated through annular third notch grooves, and a plurality of symmetrical convex grooves are formed in the side edges of the second notch grooves.
In one embodiment, the artificial surface plasmon assembly further comprises: a first patch disposed in the center of the radiating patch;
the first patch is circular, and a plurality of second patches distributed at intervals in an annular array are arranged at the edge of the first patch;
the number of the second patches is the same as that of the second notch grooves, the second patches are of a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of symmetrical protrusions are arranged on the side edges of the second patches.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises: two floors;
the two floors are of rectangular structures and are symmetrical about the feed microstrip line;
the corners of each rectangular structure far away from the feed microstrip line and close to the radiation patch are provided with right triangle-shaped chamfer angles, and the hypotenuses of the chamfer angles comprise a plurality of ladder-shaped structures.
In one embodiment, each stepped structure has a rounded protrusion on a corner thereof in a direction away from the feeding microstrip line.
The miniaturized MIMO antenna is formed by rotationally symmetrically arranging the antenna units, has four working frequency bands, realizes the characteristic of the working frequency bands, can receive and transmit signals in the frequency bands, improves the transmission efficiency, and can adapt to the current complex communication environment; meanwhile, the antenna units are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical mode, all the antenna units are perpendicular to each other and are cross polarized waves, so that mutual interference among the antenna units is reduced, and isolation of the antenna is improved; in addition, the isolation assembly is arranged and comprises a first part of a quadrilateral annular structure, a second part of a curved structure and a third part of the annular structure, so that the problems of poor isolation and insufficient miniaturization of the antenna units of the MIMO antenna are solved, the isolation of the antenna is further improved, the isolation between the antenna units in each working frequency band is below-13 dB, the standard of high isolation is achieved, each antenna unit can work independently, signals are efficiently and stably transmitted, the antenna units do not interfere with each other, the working efficiency of a communication system is improved, and the signal accuracy of the communication system is ensured; the isolation assembly reduces the relative distance between the antenna units, reduces the size of the antenna, realizes miniaturization of the antenna, and has low section and portability; the antenna has omnidirectionality, can transmit and receive signals in all directions, can be widely applied to the fields of wireless communication systems, 5G base stations, 5G communication networks, internet of things and the like, and has wide development prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic back view of a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spacer assembly in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the mating of a spacer assembly with a spacer fitting in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is one of the partial enlarged schematic views of the artificial surface plasmon assembly in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic view of a partial enlargement of an artificial surface plasmon assembly in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of an antenna element S in one embodiment 11 A schematic diagram of a graph;
FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating gain curves of antenna elements according to one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter curves of a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of gain curves of a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 12 is an E-plane radiation pattern at 2.5GHz for a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 13 is an E-plane radiation pattern of a miniaturized MIMO antenna at 6GHz in one embodiment;
FIG. 14 is an E-plane radiation pattern at 8.5GHz for a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment;
fig. 15 is an E-plane radiation pattern at 10.5GHz for a miniaturized MIMO antenna in one embodiment.
Reference numerals:
a dielectric substrate 1;
the antenna unit 2, the feed microstrip line 21, the radiation patch 22, the notch 23, the artificial surface plasmon component 24, the first notch 241, the second notch 242, the third notch 243, the convex groove 244, the first patch 245, the second patch 246, the convex 247, the floor 25, the corner 251, the convex 252;
the bulkhead fitting 4, the first part 41, the second part 42.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is correspondingly changed.
In addition, descriptions such as those related to "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated in this application. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality of sets" means at least two sets, e.g., two sets, three sets, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be either permanently attached or removably attached, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected, physically connected or wirelessly connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
The present application provides a miniaturized MIMO antenna, as shown in fig. 1-7, comprising, in one embodiment: a dielectric substrate 1, four antenna units 2 and an isolation assembly 3.
The four antenna units 2 are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1 in a rotary orthogonal mode at intervals; the antenna unit 2 includes a feeding microstrip line 21, one end of the feeding microstrip line 21 is connected to the edge of the dielectric substrate 1, and feeding is performed by a micro coplanar waveguide mode.
The isolation component 3 is arranged in the front center of the dielectric substrate 1; the isolation assembly 3 includes: the first portion 31, the second portion 32, and the third portion 33, the first portion 31, the second portion 32, and the third portion 33 are all rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the dielectric substrate 1. The first portion 31 is a quadrilateral ring structure, the corners of the quadrilateral ring structure face to the middle part of the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the edges of the quadrilateral ring structure are curves; one end of each side extends along the edge of the dielectric substrate along the radial direction of the curved line and is connected with the middle part of the corresponding edge to be used as a second part 32; the third portion 33 includes four ring structures, the ring structures are disposed inside the four-sided ring structures and are in one-to-one correspondence with sides of the four-sided ring structures, the ring structures have openings, and two ends of each opening are connected with the corresponding sides.
In one embodiment, the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 are the same in convexity and each project toward an antenna element adjacent clockwise to the second portion; the length direction of the second part is consistent with the length direction of the feed microstrip line of the anticlockwise adjacent antenna unit of the second part. Here, the first portion and the second portion refer to sides thereof. Specifically: the first part comprises four curved edges, and the second part also comprises four curved edges which are connected in a one-to-one correspondence; the side of the second part and the antenna units which are adjacent to the side of the second part anticlockwise are in one-to-one correspondence, one end of the side of the first part is arranged between the corresponding antenna unit and the antenna unit which is adjacent to the corresponding antenna unit anticlockwise, the other end of the side of the first part is arranged between the corresponding antenna unit and the antenna unit which is adjacent to the corresponding antenna unit clockwise, one end of the side of the second part is connected with the other end of the side of the first part, and the other end of the side of the second part is arranged between the corresponding antenna unit and the antenna unit which is adjacent to the corresponding antenna unit clockwise. The arrangement not only realizes the isolation between two antenna units, but also can increase the decoupling effect between the antenna units and other multiple antenna units, so that the decoupling is thorough, and the isolation degree is improved.
In one embodiment, gaps corresponding to the annular structures one by one are arranged in the middle of the edges of the first part, and the lengths of the gaps are smaller than the lengths of the corresponding openings, so that the first part and the third part enclose four T-shaped spaces.
Preferably, a third part is added in the middle area of the first part, the third part is of a rectangular ring structure with three sides open, and gaps are opened on the arc sides corresponding to the rectangular ring, so that current flows into the rectangular ring at a specific frequency point, and the isolation degree is improved.
The miniaturized MIMO antenna is characterized in that antenna units are rotationally symmetrically arranged to form the MIMO antenna, the antenna has four wider working frequency bands, the multi-working frequency band characteristic is realized, signals in a plurality of frequency bands can be received and transmitted, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the antenna can adapt to the current complex communication environment; meanwhile, the antenna units are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical mode, all the antenna units are perpendicular to each other and are cross polarized waves, so that mutual interference among the antenna units is reduced, and isolation of the antenna is improved; in addition, the isolation assembly is arranged and comprises a first part of a quadrilateral annular structure, a second part of a curved structure and a third part of the annular structure, so that the problems of poor isolation and insufficient miniaturization of the antenna units of the MIMO antenna are solved, the isolation of the antenna is further improved, the isolation between the antenna units in each working frequency band is below-13 dB, the standard of high isolation is achieved, each antenna unit can work independently, signals are efficiently and stably transmitted, the antenna units do not interfere with each other, the working efficiency of a communication system is improved, and the signal accuracy of the communication system is ensured; the isolation assembly ensures high isolation of the antenna, reduces the relative distance between antenna units, reduces the size of the antenna, realizes miniaturization of the antenna, and has low section and easy portability; the antenna has omnidirectionality, can transmit and receive signals in all directions, can be widely applied to the fields of wireless communication systems, 5G base stations, 5G communication networks, internet of things and the like, and has wide development prospect.
Preferably, the isolation assembly further comprises: a fourth portion 34 and a fifth portion 35; the fourth portion 34 is a ring structure disposed at the center of the first portion, the ring structure has a notch, the notch faces one ring structure, the ring structure is connected with the other ring structures through a fifth portion 35, and the fifth portion is a strip-shaped structure.
In this embodiment, the split resonant ring is connected inside the annular structure, so that current can be introduced into the annular structure at a specific frequency point and flows onto the split resonant ring through the fifth portion, so that excessive current is gathered in the center of the isolation component, coupling between antenna units is reduced, and isolation of the antenna is further improved.
Further preferably, the method further comprises: an isolation fitting 4; the isolation fitting 4 is arranged at the center of the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the center of the isolation fitting 4 is arranged right below the center of the isolation assembly 3, and the isolation fitting 4 comprises: a first member 41 and a second member 42; the first component 41 includes four strips, one corresponding end of the four strips is connected at the center of the back of the dielectric substrate, and the other ends of the four strips extend in four orthogonal directions respectively to form a cross structure, the strips are in one-to-one correspondence with the gaps, and the strips are arranged on extension lines corresponding to the positions right below the gaps; the ends of the cross-shaped structure are each provided with a closed circular ring structure as a second part 42; the closed circular ring structures are in one-to-one correspondence with the annular structures, and the closed circular ring structures are arranged right below the corresponding annular structures and tangent to the two opposite sides of the corresponding annular structures.
In this embodiment, two adjacent strips are perpendicular to each other, and the end of each strip is connected with a circular decoupling structure, the circular ring structure corresponds to the annular structure on the front face of the dielectric substrate, the cross structure corresponds to the split resonant ring structure on the front face of the dielectric substrate, and the isolation fittings and the isolation components act together, so that the current of the antenna at a specific frequency point is concentrated on the isolation components and the isolation fittings, and further interference to the antenna units is reduced, each antenna unit can work independently, and the isolation degree of the antenna is further improved.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit 2 further comprises: a radiating patch 22; the radiation patch 22 is connected to the other end of the feed microstrip line 21, the radiation patch 22 has a circular structure, and three orthogonal vertexes except for the connection with the feed microstrip line on the radiation patch 22 are provided with arc-shaped notches 23 with the same size.
That is, the upper vertex, the left vertex and the right vertex of the radiating patch are all provided with arc-shaped cuts by taking the part connected with the feed microstrip line as the lower vertex.
In this embodiment, by providing the notch on the radiation patch, not only the omnidirectional radiation characteristic can be improved, but also other performances of the antenna are not significantly affected, and the use of metal can be reduced, so that the cost is further reduced and the miniaturization is realized.
Preferably, the radiation patch is provided with an artificial surface plasmon component 24; the artificial surface plasmon assembly 24 comprises: a plurality of first score grooves 241, a plurality of second score grooves 242, a third score groove 243, a first patch 245, and a plurality of second patches 246.
The first grooves 241 and the second grooves 242 are all distributed at intervals in an annular array and are in one-to-one correspondence, the first grooves 241 are of semi-elliptical structures, the straight line ends of the first grooves are connected with one ends of the second grooves, the other ends of the second grooves 242 are communicated through annular third grooves 243, and symmetrical convex grooves 244 are arranged on the side edges of the second grooves.
The first patch 245 has a circular structure arranged at the center of the radiation patch, and a plurality of second patches 246 distributed at intervals in a ring array are arranged at the edge of the first patch; the number of the second patches is the same as that of the second grooves, the second patches are of a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of symmetrical protrusions 247 are arranged on the side edges of the second patches.
It is necessary to explain that: the number of the first notch, the second notch and the second patch is equal and is 20 to 40 and even. One corresponding end of the second patch is connected with the first patch, and the other corresponding end is adjacent to the third notch. The symmetry axis of the second patch is collinear with the symmetry axes of two adjacent second score grooves, and the symmetry axes of two adjacent second patches are collinear with the symmetry axes of the second score grooves.
In this embodiment, the plurality of convex grooves are distributed in an array along the edge of the second notch, the plurality of protrusions are distributed in an array along the edge of the second patch, and the convex grooves 244 and the protrusions 247 are equal in size, so that the current flowing path can be effectively increased, the resonance frequency point of the antenna can be moved to a low frequency, the electrical size of the antenna can be further reduced, and finally, the miniaturization of the antenna can be realized, the structure is simple, the processing is easy, and the manufacturing cost is low; meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the artificial surface plasmon assembly and the combination of three cuts of the radiation patch, the problem that the artificial surface plasmon is only applied to the near field at present is solved, and the far field characteristic and the impedance matching characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon are improved at a low cost; in addition, the artificial surface plasmon assembly is utilized to improve the overall radiation performance, electromagnetic waves are bound in a notch structure distributed in an array to generate a plurality of resonance points, distribution of a plurality of resonance modes is formed, resonance is strong, impedance matching is good, four wider frequency bands of 2.07GHz-2.84GHz,4.89GHz-6.99GHz,8.19GHz-9.10GHz and 10.22GHz-11.19GHz are generated, and the antenna can work in four different frequency bands respectively, so that broadband multiband of the antenna is realized.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises: two floors 25; both the floors 25 are rectangular structures and symmetrical with respect to the feeding microstrip line; the corner of each rectangular structure far away from the feed microstrip line and close to the radiation patch is provided with a right triangle chamfer 251, the bevel edge of the chamfer comprises a plurality of ladder-shaped structures, the number of steps and the size of each step are not limited, the corner of each ladder-shaped structure is provided with a circular convex part far away from the direction of the feed microstrip line, and the circle center of the convex part 252 coincides with the corner of the step, so that various performances of the antenna are improved.
In the embodiment, the floor is a coplanar waveguide metal floor, and is provided with a stepped structure and circular protrusions, so that the distribution and flowing direction of current are effectively changed, the impedance matching of the antenna is improved, the bandwidth of the antenna is further expanded, the far field characteristic and the impedance matching characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon are further improved, and the cost is reduced.
The whole antenna unit is of a symmetrical structure, and a plane monopole microstrip patch antenna form is formed by a feed microstrip line, a radiation patch and a floor, so that the antenna unit can radiate in all directions and has omnidirectionality.
In a specific embodiment, the dielectric substrate is polyimide, has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.008 and a thickness of 0.13mm, and is made of special materials and can be bent; the antenna adopts coplanar waveguide feed, and the input impedance of the antenna is50 ohms, facilitating connection with the SMA interface; the overall dimensions of the antenna were 71.1 x 0.13mm 3 Is a multiband miniaturized MIMO antenna based on artificial surface plasmons for multiplexing.
The invention uses electromagnetic full-wave simulation software CST to carry out simulation analysis and optimization on the antenna unit and the miniaturized MIMO antenna, and carries out simulation analysis and optimization on the structural parameters and S of the antenna unit 11 Parameters, gain of antenna elements, other S parameters of MIMO antennas, gain of MIMO antennas, and radiation patterns of MIMO antennas were studied.
As shown in fig. 8, the antenna unit S 11 The parameters are below-10 dB in four frequency bands, namely 2.07GHz-2.84GHz,4.89GHz-6.99GHz,8.19GHz-9.10GHz and 10.22GHz-11.19GHz, and the antenna unit is proved to be a multiband antenna, can transmit and receive signals of a plurality of frequency bands and is beneficial to multiple applications in complex communication environments.
As shown in the gain graph of the antenna unit shown in fig. 9, as can be seen from the graph, the gain of the antenna unit in four frequency bands is greater than 0, which proves that the antenna unit can work normally, and transmit and receive electromagnetic signals.
As can be seen from the S-parameter plot of the MIMO antenna shown in FIG. 10, the S of the MIMO antenna 11 S of curve and antenna unit 11 The curves are similar, with four frequency bands, namely 2.07GHz-2.84GHz,4.89GHz-6.99GHz,8.19GHz-9.10GHz,10.22GHz-11.19GHz, S of MIMO antenna 21 、S 31 、S 41 The curves are smaller than-13 dB in the first frequency band, smaller than-25 dB in the second frequency band, smaller than-30 dB in the third frequency band, smaller than-30 dB in the fourth frequency band, good isolation of the antenna is proved, mutual interference among antenna units is small, the antenna units work independently, the maximum isolation in the first frequency band is-25 dB, the maximum isolation in the second frequency band is-52 dB, the maximum isolation in the third frequency band is-55 dB, and the maximum isolation in the fourth frequency band is-33 dB. Compared with the isolation lower than-15 dB in the prior art, the isolation of the method is higher, and the method has the advantage of being higher.
As shown in the gain diagram of the MIMO antenna shown in fig. 11, it can be seen from the diagram that the gain of the antenna in four frequency bands is greater than 0, electromagnetic waves can be effectively radiated, and the antenna can operate normally.
Fig. 12 to 15 show E-plane radiation patterns of different frequency points of the antenna in the working frequency band, specifically, fig. 12 is a 6GHz E-plane radiation pattern, fig. 13 is a 6GHz E-plane radiation pattern, fig. 14 is an 8.5GHz E-plane radiation pattern, and fig. 15 is a 10.5GHz E-plane radiation pattern. The antenna is shown to be in an 8 shape in the radiation pattern of the E face, which proves that the antenna is in an omni-direction and can receive signals in all directions.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A miniaturized MIMO antenna comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, four antenna units and an isolation assembly;
the four antenna units are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate in an interval rotation orthogonal mode; the antenna unit comprises a feed microstrip line, and one end of the feed microstrip line is connected with the edge of the dielectric substrate;
the isolation component is arranged in the front center of the dielectric substrate; the isolation assembly includes: a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion;
the first part is a quadrilateral annular structure, the corners of the quadrilateral annular structure face to the middle part of the edge of the medium substrate, and the edges of the quadrilateral annular structure are curves; one end of each side extends along the edge of the medium substrate along the radial direction of the curved line and is connected with the middle part of the corresponding edge to be used as a second part; the third part comprises four annular structures, the annular structures are arranged in the four-side annular structures and correspond to the sides of the four-side annular structures one by one, the annular structures are provided with openings, and two ends of each opening are connected with the corresponding sides.
2. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein the isolation assembly further comprises: a fourth portion and a fifth portion;
the fourth part is a ring structure arranged at the center of the first part, the ring structure is provided with a notch, the notch faces one ring structure, the ring structure is connected with the other ring structures through a fifth part, and the fifth part is a strip-shaped structure.
3. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 2, wherein the first portion and the second portion are the same in convexity and each protrude toward an antenna element that is clockwise adjacent to the second portion;
the length direction of the second part is consistent with the length direction of the feed microstrip line of the anticlockwise adjacent antenna unit of the second part.
4. A miniaturized MIMO antenna according to claim 3, wherein the middle of the side of the first portion is provided with gaps in one-to-one correspondence with the annular structures, the length of the gaps being smaller than the length of the corresponding openings, so that the first portion and the third portion enclose four "T" shaped spaces.
5. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 4, further comprising: an isolation fitting;
the isolation fitting is arranged at the center of the back surface of the dielectric substrate, and the isolation fitting comprises: a first member and a second member;
the first part comprises four strips to form a cross-shaped structure, the strips are in one-to-one correspondence with the gaps, and the strips are arranged on extension lines corresponding to the positions right below the gaps;
the tail ends of the cross-shaped structures are provided with a closed circular ring structure serving as a second component; the closed circular ring structures are in one-to-one correspondence with the annular structures, and the closed circular ring structures are arranged right below the corresponding annular structures and tangent to the two opposite sides of the corresponding annular structures.
6. A miniaturized MIMO antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said antenna unit further comprises: a radiating patch;
the radiation patch is connected with the other end of the feed microstrip line, the radiation patch is of a circular structure, and three orthogonal vertexes except for the connection with the feed microstrip line on the radiation patch are provided with arc-shaped notches.
7. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 6, wherein the radiating patch is provided with an artificial surface plasmon component;
the artificial surface plasmon assembly comprises: a plurality of first grooves, a plurality of second grooves and a third groove;
the first notch grooves and the second notch grooves are distributed at intervals in an annular array and correspond to each other one by one, the first notch grooves are of semi-oval structures, the straight line ends of the first notch grooves are connected with one ends of the corresponding second notch grooves, the other ends of the second notch grooves are communicated through annular third notch grooves, and a plurality of symmetrical convex grooves are formed in the side edges of the second notch grooves.
8. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 7, wherein the artificial surface plasmon component further comprises: a first patch disposed in the center of the radiating patch;
the first patch is circular, and a plurality of second patches distributed at intervals in an annular array are arranged at the edge of the first patch;
the number of the second patches is the same as that of the second notch grooves, the second patches are of a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of symmetrical protrusions are arranged on the side edges of the second patches.
9. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 6, wherein the antenna unit further comprises: two floors;
the two floors are of rectangular structures and are symmetrical about the feed microstrip line;
the corners of each rectangular structure far away from the feed microstrip line and close to the radiation patch are provided with right triangle-shaped chamfer angles, and the hypotenuses of the chamfer angles comprise a plurality of ladder-shaped structures.
10. The miniaturized MIMO antenna of claim 9, wherein each stepped structure has a rounded protrusion on a corner thereof in a direction away from the feed microstrip line.
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