CN116146462A - Compressed air energy storage system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Compressed air energy storage system and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116146462A
CN116146462A CN202310029575.5A CN202310029575A CN116146462A CN 116146462 A CN116146462 A CN 116146462A CN 202310029575 A CN202310029575 A CN 202310029575A CN 116146462 A CN116146462 A CN 116146462A
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China
Prior art keywords
air
storage device
heat
valve
heat exchange
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Pending
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CN202310029575.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁若晨
梅生伟
孙长平
薛小代
卢强
王亚洲
雷肖
谢宁宁
尹立坤
郑志美
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Tsinghua University
China Three Gorges Corp
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Tsinghua University
China Three Gorges Corp
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Priority to CN202310029575.5A priority Critical patent/CN116146462A/en
Publication of CN116146462A publication Critical patent/CN116146462A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/14—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having both steam accumulator and heater, e.g. superheating accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Abstract

The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system and a control method thereof. The compressed air energy storage system includes: the device comprises an air compression device, an air cooling device, a gas storage device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, an air heating device, a power generation module and a cooling device; the air compression device, the air cooling device and the air storage device are connected in sequence; the first heat storage device, the air cooling device and the second heat storage device are sequentially connected; the second heat storage device, the air heating device and the first heat storage device are sequentially connected; the air storage device, the air heating device and the power generation module are connected in sequence; a first heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the second heat storage device, and a second heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the first heat storage device; the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with the cooling device. The air storage device can adopt different temperature regulation and control, so that the power consumption of the air compression device is reduced, the power of the power generation module is improved, and the air storage capacity of the air storage device is improved.

Description

Compressed air energy storage system and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage, in particular to a compressed air energy storage system and a control method thereof.
Background
The adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology is a novel large-scale energy storage technology and can be widely applied to renewable energy utilization, power grid peak-valley regulation and other energy systems. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology is generally divided into two phases, a compression energy storage phase and an expansion energy release phase. In the compression energy storage stage, electric energy is needed to drive a compressor to compress air, and pressure potential energy and heat energy generated in the compression process are separated in a constant pressure cooling mode after compression and are stored respectively. In the expansion energy release stage, the heat energy stored by the heat exchanger is returned to the air with pressure potential energy, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure air expands to do work so as to push the steam turbine to generate electricity. Because the technology of cooling and heat storage after compression is used in the adiabatic compressed air energy storage process, afterburning or other renewable energy sources are not needed for heat supply in the expansion energy release stage. Based on the advantages, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology is the compressed air energy storage technology with the most industrial application prospect at present.
Currently, compressed air storage devices, such as salt caves, roadways and air storage tanks, which can be realized in engineering are generally constant-volume air storage devices. Compared with a constant-pressure gas storage device, the constant-volume device generally has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. However, the constant volume gas storage device has the following disadvantages in the operation process:
the compression energy storage process is a process of converting an enthalpy value into an internal energy, and is known as a heating process according to a thermodynamic principle. The temperature rise process causes the internal temperature of the constant pressure vessel to rise, and at the same time causes the pressure thereof to rise. The pressure of the gas storage device is increased to directly increase the pressure ratio of each stage of gas compressor, so that the power consumption of each stage of gas compressor is obviously increased. Meanwhile, the temperature rise can also reduce the gas storage capacity of the gas storage device with the same volume at the same gas storage end pressure.
The expansion energy release process is a process of converting internal energy into enthalpy value, and is a cooling process according to thermodynamic principles. In the expansion energy release stage, the temperature reduction process can lead to the reduction of the internal temperature of the constant pressure container, and simultaneously lead to the rapid reduction of the pressure. The pressure of the gas storage device is reduced, so that the pressure ratio of each stage of expansion machine is reduced, and the output power of each stage of expansion machine is obviously reduced. Meanwhile, the temperature drop can also cause the rise of the air storage device with the same volume at the same air discharge end pressure, namely, more mass of air remains in the air storage tank after the air discharge is ended.
Accordingly, there is a need for a compressed air energy storage system and a control method thereof that address the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the technical defects of high system power consumption and low effective gas storage capacity of a gas storage device in the prior art, reducing the power consumption of the air compression device and improving the gas storage capacity of the device.
The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system, comprising: the device comprises an air compression device, an air cooling device, a gas storage device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, an air heating device, a power generation module and a cooling device;
the air compression device, the air cooling device and the air storage device are sequentially connected;
the first heat storage device, the air cooling device and the second heat storage device are sequentially connected;
the second heat storage device, the air heating device and the first heat storage device are sequentially connected;
the air storage device, the air heating device and the power generation module are sequentially connected;
a first heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the second heat storage device, a second heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the first heat storage device, and the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with the cooling device.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, a first valve is arranged between the first heat exchange pipeline and the gas storage device, and a second valve is arranged between the second heat exchange pipeline and the gas storage device.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, the first valve and the second valve are three-way valves.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, a third valve is arranged between the first heat exchange pipeline and the cooling device, and a fourth valve is arranged between the second heat storage device and the cooling device.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, the third valve and the fourth valve are three-way valves.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, the power generation module comprises an expander and a generator, and the gas storage device, the air heating device, the expander and the generator are sequentially connected.
The compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention further comprises a motor for driving the air compression device, wherein the motor, the air compression device, the air cooling device and the air storage device are sequentially connected.
According to the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, the cooling device is a cooling tower.
The invention also provides a control method based on the compressed air energy storage system, which comprises a compressed energy storage process and an expansion energy release process:
compression energy storage process
Closing the first valve and the second valve, and opening the third valve and the fourth valve;
starting a motor to drive the air compression device to compress air;
driving compressed air into the air cooling device, cooling the compressed air through heat storage medium cooling in the first heat storage device, and introducing heat exchange medium with increased temperature into the second heat storage device;
introducing the cooled compressed air into the gas storage device;
driving a heat exchange medium in the cooling device to flow in the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline and cooling compressed gas in the gas storage device;
expansion energy release process
Opening the first valve and the second valve, and closing the third valve and the fourth valve;
driving a heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device to heat air in the air storage device, and introducing a heat exchange medium with reduced temperature into the first heat storage device;
and driving the heated high-pressure air to enter the expander to do work and pushing the generator to generate power.
According to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, the control method for driving the heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device to heat the air in the air storage device comprises the following steps:
presetting a set temperature and a set pressure in a gas storage device;
collecting a temperature value signal of gas in the gas storage device;
when the temperature value signal is lower than the set temperature, the gas storage device keeps the set pressure;
when the temperature value signal reaches the set temperature, the gas storage device keeps the set temperature, and the gas in the gas storage device firstly passes through the air heater and is heated by the heat storage medium from the second heat storage device in the air heater.
According to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system, after the expansion energy release process is finished, the first valve and the second valve are closed, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, and the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline is driven to cool the air in the cooling device and the air storage device.
According to the compressed air energy storage system and the control method thereof, the cooling device, the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are arranged, and the air storage device can adopt temperature regulation and control of different strategies in the compression energy storage process and the expansion energy release process, so that the power consumption of the air compression device is reduced, the power of the power generation module is improved, and the air storage capacity of the air storage device is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 1 of a compressed air energy storage system provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an air compression device; 2. an air cooling device; 3. a gas storage device; 4. a first heat storage device; 5. a second heat storage device; 6. an air heating device; 7. an expander; 8. a power generation device; 9. a first heat exchange line; 10. a second heat exchange line; 11. a cooling device; 12. a first valve; 13. a second valve; 14. a third valve; 15. a fourth valve; 16. an electric motor.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The compressed air energy storage system and the control method thereof of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a compressed air energy storage system according to the present invention. The compressed air energy storage system of this embodiment includes: an air compression device 1, an air cooling device 2, an air storage device 3, a first heat storage device 4, a second heat storage device 5, an air heating device 6, a power generation module and a cooling device 11;
the air compression device 1, the air cooling device 2 and the air storage device 3 are sequentially connected to form an air compression branch, air becomes high-pressure gas under the compression action of the air compression device 1 in the compression energy storage process, the temperature is reduced under the action of the air cooling device 2, and finally the air is introduced into the air storage device 3 for storage;
the first heat storage device 4, the air cooling device 2 and the second heat storage device 5 are sequentially connected to form a compressed heat storage branch, heat storage media are arranged in the first heat storage device 4 and the second heat storage device 5, compressed air can be cooled by the low-temperature heat storage media in the first heat storage device 4, and after the low-temperature heat storage media exchange heat with the compressed air, the temperature of the low-temperature heat storage media rises and can be introduced into the second heat storage device 5;
the second heat storage device 5, the air heating device 6 and the first heat storage device 4 are sequentially connected to form an expansion heating branch, compressed air can be heated through a high-temperature heat storage medium in the second heat storage device 5, the temperature of the high-temperature heat storage medium is reduced after heat exchange with air, the high-temperature heat storage medium can be introduced into the first heat storage device 4, and the heat storage medium can circulate in the first heat storage device 4, the second heat storage device 5, the air cooling device 2 and the air heating device 6 according to requirements;
the air storage device 3, the air heating device 6 and the power generation module are sequentially connected, in the embodiment, the power generation module comprises an expander 7 and a power generation device 8, the air storage device 3, the air heating device 6, the expander 7 and the power generation device 8 are sequentially connected to form an air expansion power generation branch, in the expansion energy release process, high-pressure gas in the air storage device 3 is heated in the air heating device 6 through a high-temperature heat storage medium from the second heat storage device 5, and then enters the expander 7 to expand and do work to push the power generation device 8 to generate power;
a first heat exchange pipeline 9 is arranged between the gas storage device 3 and the second heat storage device 5, a second heat exchange pipeline 10 is arranged between the gas storage device 3 and the first heat storage device 4, and the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 are respectively connected with a cooling device 11. By arranging the cooling device 11, the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10, the gas storage device 3 can adopt temperature regulation and control of different strategies in the compression energy storage process and the expansion energy release process, so that the power consumption of the air compression device 1 is reduced, the power of the power generation module is improved, and the gas storage capacity of the gas storage device 3 is effectively improved.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a first valve 12 is disposed between the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the gas storage device 3, and a second valve 13 is disposed between the second heat exchange pipeline 10 and the gas storage device 3. The first valve 12 and the second valve 13 are respectively used for controlling the on-off of the first heat exchange pipeline 9, the second heat exchange pipeline 10 and the gas storage device 3.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a third valve 14 is disposed between the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the cooling device 11, and a fourth valve 15 is disposed between the second heat storage device and the cooling device 11. The third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15 are used for controlling the on-off of the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 and the cooling device 11 respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the compressed air energy storage system further includes an electric motor 16 for driving the air compressing device, and the electric motor 16, the air compressing device 1, the air cooling device 2, and the air storage device 3 are sequentially connected.
In this embodiment, the cooling device 11 is a cooling tower, the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 are connected with the cooling tower, and the circulating coolant in the cooling tower can cool the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10. Of course, in some embodiments, other cooling devices 11 may be used for the cooling device 11, and the cooling medium in the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 may be cooled.
Example 2
The compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 are three-way valves, and the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15 are three-way valves. In this way, the compressed air energy storage system can realize renewable energy sources, other low-grade waste heat or cold energy
Figure BDA0004046265520000071
Is used for the comprehensive utilization of the water.
For example, when the energy is comprehensively utilized with a fuel cell adopting LNG for hydrogen supply, cold energy generated in the liquid hydrogen gasification process can be introduced into the system through the heat storage medium and the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15, so that the air temperature in the air storage device 3 is further reduced, the power consumption of the air compression device is further reduced, and the air storage capacity of the air storage device 3 is improved. In the expansion and energy release process, high-temperature heat generated by a fuel cell (a medium-high temperature fuel cell such as a phosphoric acid fuel cell) can be circularly introduced into the system by the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 by means of a heat storage medium, so that the outlet temperature of the gas storage device 3 or the outlet temperature of the air heater is further improved, the acting capacity of high-pressure air is improved, and the output power of the expander 7 is further improved.
Example 3
The invention further provides a control method of the compressed air energy storage system. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system of this embodiment is implemented based on the compressed air energy storage system of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. It includes a compression energy storage process and an expansion energy release process:
compression energy storage process
Closing the first valve 12 and the second valve 13, opening the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15;
starting the motor 16 to drive the air compression device 1 to compress air, and raising the temperature of the compressed air;
driving compressed air into the air cooling device 2, cooling the compressed air through the heat storage medium in the first heat storage device 4, and introducing the heat exchange medium with the increased temperature into the second heat storage device 5;
introducing the cooled compressed air into the air storage device 3;
driving a heat exchange medium in the cooling device 11 to flow in the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 and cooling the compressed gas in the gas storage device 3;
through the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling tower circulation loop, the heat converted into by the pushing work carried by the air in the air storage device 3 is continuously taken away, and the temperature of the air storage device 3 is ensured to be always kept in a lower state slightly higher than the normal temperature, so that the technical purposes of reducing the pressure lifting speed of the air storage device 3 and improving the air storage capacity of the air storage device 3 are achieved.
Expansion energy release process
Opening the first valve 12 and the second valve 13, closing the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15;
driving the heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device 5 to heat the air in the air storage device 3, and introducing the heat exchange medium with reduced temperature into the first heat storage device 4; the control method for heating the air in the air storage device 3 by driving the heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device 5 comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the air in the air storage device 3 has not reached the set maximum temperature, it is ensured that the pressure of the air storage device 3 is always maintained at the highest set pressure, and when the set maximum temperature is reached, the temperature of the air storage device 3 is maintained constant, the air in the air storage device 3 first passes through the air heater and is further raised in the air heater by the high temperature heat storage medium from the second heat storage device 5. In this way, in the expansion and energy release process, the higher pressure of the gas storage device 3 can enable the gas storage device 3 to keep the highest set pressure within a certain time, and the subsequent pressure drop can be relatively slow, so that the working time of the expander 7 in the high inlet pressure state is prolonged, and the output power of the expander 7 is improved.
The heated high-pressure air is driven to enter the expander 7 to do work, and the generator is driven to generate electricity.
In this embodiment, after the expansion energy release process is finished, the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 are closed, the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15 are opened, and the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 is driven to cool the air in the cooling device 11 and the air storage device 3. The air pressure in the air storage device 3 is reduced in the cooling process, so that the initial back pressure in the next-round compression energy storage process is reduced, and the partial compression power consumption is reduced.
Through the description of the above embodiments, the compressed air energy storage system and the control method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
according to the invention, the first heat exchange pipeline 9 and the second heat exchange pipeline 10 are arranged in the gas storage device 3, so that the temperature regulation and control of different strategies of the gas storage device 3 in the compression energy storage process and the expansion energy release process are realized, the power consumption of the air compression device is reduced, the power of the expander 7 is improved, and the gas storage capacity of the gas storage device 3 is effectively improved. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) After the higher temperature is deflated, the temperature of the air storage device 3 is reduced to further reduce the pressure of the air storage device 3, so that the initial back pressure in the compression energy storage process is reduced. In addition, the temperature of the lower gas storage device 3 can slow down the temperature rising speed of the gas storage device 3, so that the working time of the gas compressor in a low back pressure state is prolonged, and the power consumption of the gas compressor is reduced;
(2) In the expansion energy release process, the higher pressure of the gas storage device 3 can keep the highest design pressure of the gas storage device 3 in a certain time, and the subsequent pressure drop is relatively slow, so that the working time of the expander 7 in a high inlet pressure state is prolonged, and the output power of the expander 7 is improved;
(3) In the compression gas storage process, the lower temperature can improve the air quantity in the gas storage device 3 under the same highest pressure condition of the gas storage device 3, and in the expansion energy release process, the higher temperature can reduce the air quantity in the gas storage device 3 under the same deflation pressure condition of the gas storage device 3. The two aspects are combined, so that the effective air storage capacity of the compressed air energy storage device can be effectively improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A compressed air energy storage system, comprising: the device comprises an air compression device, an air cooling device, a gas storage device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, an air heating device, a power generation module and a cooling device;
the air compression device, the air cooling device and the air storage device are sequentially connected;
the first heat storage device, the air cooling device and the second heat storage device are sequentially connected;
the second heat storage device, the air heating device and the first heat storage device are sequentially connected;
the air storage device, the air heating device and the power generation module are sequentially connected;
a first heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the second heat storage device, a second heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the gas storage device and the first heat storage device, and the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with the cooling device.
2. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein a first valve is disposed between the first heat exchange line and the gas storage device, and a second valve is disposed between the second heat exchange line and the gas storage device.
3. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 2, wherein the first and second valves are three-way valves.
4. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein a third valve is disposed between the first heat exchange line and the cooling device, and a fourth valve is disposed between the second heat storage device and the cooling device.
5. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 4, wherein said third and fourth valves are three-way valves.
6. A compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power generation module comprises an expander and a generator, the gas storage means, the air heating means, the expander and the generator being connected in sequence.
7. A compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an electric motor for driving the air compression device, the electric motor, the air compression device, the air cooling device and the air storage device being connected in sequence.
8. A compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cooling device is a cooling tower.
9. A control method based on a compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a compression energy storage process and an expansion energy release process:
compression energy storage process
Closing the first valve and the second valve, and opening the third valve and the fourth valve;
starting a motor to drive the air compression device to compress air;
driving compressed air into the air cooling device, cooling the compressed air through heat storage medium cooling in the first heat storage device, and introducing heat exchange medium with increased temperature into the second heat storage device;
introducing the cooled compressed air into the gas storage device;
driving a heat exchange medium in the cooling device to flow in the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline and cooling compressed gas in the gas storage device;
expansion energy release process
Opening the first valve and the second valve, and closing the third valve and the fourth valve;
driving a heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device to heat air in the air storage device, and introducing a heat exchange medium with reduced temperature into the first heat storage device;
and driving the heated high-pressure air to enter the expander to do work and pushing the generator to generate power.
10. The method of controlling a compressed air energy storage system according to claim 9, wherein: the control method for driving the heat storage medium stored in the second heat storage device to heat the air in the air storage device comprises the following steps:
presetting a set temperature and a set pressure in a gas storage device;
collecting a temperature value signal of gas in the gas storage device;
when the temperature value signal is lower than the set temperature, the gas storage device keeps the set pressure;
when the temperature value signal reaches the set temperature, the gas storage device keeps the set temperature, and the gas in the gas storage device firstly passes through the air heater and is heated by the heat storage medium from the second heat storage device in the air heater.
11. A method of controlling a compressed air energy storage system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein: after the expansion energy release process is finished, the first valve and the second valve are closed, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, and the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline is driven to cool the air in the cooling device and the air storage device.
CN202310029575.5A 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 Compressed air energy storage system and control method thereof Pending CN116146462A (en)

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