CN116146154B - Intelligent crank type belt pumping unit - Google Patents
Intelligent crank type belt pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN116146154B CN116146154B CN202310445163.XA CN202310445163A CN116146154B CN 116146154 B CN116146154 B CN 116146154B CN 202310445163 A CN202310445163 A CN 202310445163A CN 116146154 B CN116146154 B CN 116146154B
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- fixed pulley
- counterweight
- pumping unit
- belt
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development and oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit which comprises an electric control cabinet, a power system, a pumping unit base and a pumping system, wherein the pumping system is arranged in an oil extraction well and realizes underground oil extraction through up-and-down strokes; the power system comprises a power device, a counterweight device and a belt traction assembly, wherein the belt traction assembly is used for connecting the power device and the pumping system, the power device provides power for the up-and-down stroke of the pumping system, the counterweight device is connected with the power device, and the counterweight device is used for balancing the load of the pumping system; the electric control cabinet is connected with the counterweight device and the power device through cables and is used for controlling the work of the power system; the oil pumping unit base is used for bearing an electric control cabinet and a power system. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate and low maintenance cost, improves the mechanical efficiency of the pumping unit and the production efficiency of the oil extraction well, reduces the electric energy consumption and prolongs the service life of parts such as a speed reducer and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development and oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit.
Background
At present, most of the pumping units adopted in domestic oil fields are beam pumping units, namely a sucker rod pumping system. The device has the following defects: high energy consumption, short service life of parts and low automation degree. The high energy consumption is a main problem faced by the current beam pumping unit, and the working efficiency of the current beam pumping unit in the oil field is only 12% -23% according to statistics, wherein 70% of the electric energy consumption is not directly connected with the pumping unit, and more electric energy is consumed in the mechanical operation process of the pumping unit. In addition, the main components of the beam pumping unit are excessively loaded, and negative torque can be generated due to poor balance, so that the gear of the speed reducer of the pumping unit is frequently subjected to reverse load, and the service lives of the components such as the speed reducer are shortened. And is one of the problems faced by the beam pumping units in the oil fields at present. Secondly, the existing beam pumping unit has low automation degree and stays in the production stage of rough oil extraction. In the operation process of the oil pumping unit, the operation parameters are required to be adjusted in time to ensure stable and efficient production of the oil well, the current beam pumping unit is required to be adjusted manually by stopping, and the automatic adjustment cannot be performed in real time according to the liquid outlet condition of the oil well, so that manpower and material resources are wasted, normal production of the oil well is delayed, and the parameter adjustment accuracy cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption, low automation degree and short service life of a speed reducer of the existing beam pumping unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit, which comprises:
the pumping system is arranged in the oil production well and realizes underground oil production through up-and-down strokes;
the power system comprises a power device, a counterweight device and a belt traction assembly, wherein the belt traction assembly is used for connecting the power device and the pumping system, the power device provides power for the up-and-down stroke of the pumping system, the counterweight device is connected with the power device, and the counterweight device is used for balancing the load of the pumping system;
the electric control cabinet is connected with the counterweight device and the power device through cables and is used for controlling the work of the power system;
the pumping unit base is used for bearing the electric control cabinet and the power system.
The power device comprises a power source, a speed reducer and a crank block mechanism, wherein the power source and the speed reducer are arranged on the base of the oil pumping unit, the output end of the power source is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the crank block mechanism, and the crank block mechanism outputs power along the vertical direction.
The crank block mechanism comprises a crank, a connecting rod, a crank block mechanism bracket, a crank block and a crank block guide rail, wherein the crank block mechanism bracket is arranged on the oil pumping unit base, the crank block guide rail is arranged on the crank block mechanism bracket along the vertical direction, and the crank block is in sliding connection with the crank block guide rail; one end of the crank is vertically connected with the output end of the speed reducer, and the other end of the crank is hinged with the crank slide block through a connecting rod; the tension forces of the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly act on the upper end and the lower end of the crank block and have opposite directions.
Guide wheel assemblies are arranged on the left side and the right side of the crank block, and the guide wheel assemblies roll up and down along the crank block guide rail.
The intelligent crank type belt pumping unit also comprises a support frame arranged on the pumping unit base, wherein the support frame provides support for the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly.
The counterweight device comprises a load sensor I, a counterweight hanging basket, a counterweight block, a steel wire belt I, a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley I and a counterweight hanging basket slideway, wherein the counterweight hanging basket slideway is arranged on the oil pumping machine base along the vertical direction, the counterweight hanging basket is in sliding fit with the counterweight hanging basket slideway, and the counterweight hanging basket is internally provided with the counterweight block; the load sensor I and the fixed pulley block are arranged at the top of the supporting frame, and the movable pulley I is arranged on the crank block mechanism; one end of a steel wire belt I is connected with a load sensor I, and the other end of the steel wire belt I is connected with a counterweight hanging basket after sequentially passing through a movable pulley I and a fixed pulley block.
The belt traction assembly comprises a fixed pulley III, a fixed pulley IV, a movable pulley II and a steel wire belt II, wherein the fixed pulley III is arranged on the pumping unit base, the fixed pulley IV is connected with the top of the supporting frame, the movable pulley II is arranged on the crank block mechanism, one end of the steel wire belt II is connected with the pumping unit base, and the other end of the steel wire belt II is connected with the pumping system after passing through the movable pulley II, the fixed pulley III and the fixed pulley IV in sequence.
And tangential lines on the left side of the circumference of the fixed pulley III and the right side of the circumference of the movable pulley II are collinear and parallel to a track line of the up-and-down running of the crank slider mechanism.
The belt traction assembly comprises a fixed pulley III, a fixed pulley IV and a steel wire belt II, wherein the fixed pulley III is arranged on the base of the pumping unit, the fixed pulley IV is arranged at the top of the supporting frame, one end of the steel wire belt II is connected with the crank sliding block mechanism, and the other end of the steel wire belt II is connected with the pumping system after passing through the fixed pulley III and the fixed pulley IV in sequence.
The fixed pulley IV is connected with the top of the supporting frame through a load sensor II; and a displacement sensor is arranged on the fixed pulley IV.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the intelligent crank type belt pumping unit provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate and low maintenance cost, improves the mechanical efficiency of the pumping unit and the production efficiency of a production well, reduces the electric energy consumption and prolongs the service life of parts such as a speed reducer; the invention eliminates heavy walking beam parts and saves steel consumption. The balancing weight moves vertically up and down, potential energy of the balancing weight and potential energy of the swabbing system can be completely converted, torque and power of a matched speed reducer can be greatly reduced, and further energy is saved.
The intelligent chip and the key position sensor are added, so that the underground pump efficiency, the output and the working fluid level position of the oil extraction well can be accurately reflected, the oil extraction speed can be automatically adjusted according to underground fluid supply data, intermittent oil extraction can be realized, the efficient operation is achieved, the energy-saving oil extraction, intelligent optimized oil extraction and intelligent control are realized, and the output of an oil well is increased. The period of well repairing and tube rod replacement and remote digital control management are prolonged, the service lives of all parts of the pumping unit are prolonged, and the maintenance cost is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent crank belt pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slider-crank mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit in a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the oil pumping machine comprises an electric control cabinet, 2, a power system, 3, an oil pumping machine base, 4, a pumping system, 5, a power source, 6, a driving belt, 7, a speed reducer belt pulley, 8, a speed reducer base, 9, a speed reducer, 10, a crank, 11, a crank pin, 12, a connecting rod, 13, a crank block mechanism, 14, a crank block pin, 15, a crank block, 16, a roller, 17, a crank block guide rail, 18, a counterweight basket slideway, 19, a balancing weight, 20, a counterweight basket, 21, a fixed pulley I, 22, a steel wire belt I, 23, a cross beam, 24, a fixed pulley II, 25, a load sensor I, 26, a movable pulley I, 27, a movable pulley II, 28, a load sensor II, 29, a fixed pulley IV, 30, a displacement sensor, 31, a steel wire belt II, 32, a fixed pulley III, 33, a polished rod elevator, 34, a polished rod, 35, a wellhead tree, 36, a sucker rod, 37, an oil pumping unit 38, a support, 39 and a crank block mechanism support.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit, which comprises an electric control cabinet 1, a power system 2, a pumping unit base 3 and a pumping system 4, wherein the pumping system 4 is arranged in a pumping well and realizes underground oil extraction through up-down strokes; the electric control cabinet 1 and the power system 2 are arranged on the oil pumping machine base 3, and the oil pumping machine base 3 is used for bearing the electric control cabinet 1 and the power system 2. The power system 2 comprises a power device, a counterweight device and a belt traction assembly, wherein the belt traction assembly is used for connecting the power device and the pumping system 4, the power device provides power for the up-and-down stroke of the pumping system 4, the counterweight device is connected with the power device, and the counterweight device is used for balancing the load of the pumping system 4; the electric control cabinet 1 is connected with the counterweight device and the power device through cables, and the electric control cabinet 1 is used for controlling the work of the power system 2. The invention improves the automatic operation degree of the pumping unit, realizes the dynamic balance of the counterweight of the pumping unit, not only reserves the advantages of the up-and-down stroke speed change motion of the beam pumping unit, but also lightens the weight of each moving part of the equipment, and the kinetic energy and potential energy between the counterweight and the load of the pumping system are completely converted, thereby further saving energy.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pumping system 4 includes a polish rod elevator 33, a sucker rod 36 and an oil pump 37, the oil pump 37 is disposed in the oil well, the lower end of the sucker rod 36 is connected with a piston of the oil pump 37, the upper end of the sucker rod 36 is connected with one end of the polish rod 34, the other end of the polish rod 34 is penetrated by a wellhead christmas tree 35 and connected with the polish rod elevator 33, and the polish rod elevator 33 is used for being connected with the power system 2. The power system 2 drives the polish rod elevator 33 to reciprocate up and down, so that the piston pumps oil along with the up-down movement of the polish rod elevator 33 in the pump cylinder of the oil pump 37, and the oil pump 37 can pump oil.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the power device comprises a power source 5, a speed reducer 9 and a crank block mechanism 13, wherein the power source 5 and the speed reducer 9 are both arranged on a pumping unit base 3, the output end of the power source 5 is connected with the input end of the speed reducer 9 through a transmission mechanism, the output end of the speed reducer 9 is connected with the crank block mechanism 13, the crank block mechanism 13 outputs power along the vertical direction, and the crank block mechanism 13 is connected with a counterweight device and a belt traction assembly.
Specifically, the speed reducer 9 is disposed on the speed reducer base 8, and the bottom of the speed reducer base 8 is connected with the pumping unit base 3. The transmission mechanism comprises a driving belt pulley, a transmission belt 6 and a speed reducer belt pulley 7, wherein the driving belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the power source 5, and the speed reducer belt pulley 7 is arranged at the input end of the speed reducer 9 and is in transmission connection with the driving belt pulley through the transmission belt 6.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, a slider-crank mechanism 13 includes a crank 10, a connecting rod 12, a slider-crank mechanism bracket 39, a slider-crank 15, and a slider-crank guide rail 17, wherein the lower end of the slider-crank mechanism bracket 39 is connected with a pumping unit base 3, the slider-crank guide rail 17 is vertically disposed on the slider-crank mechanism bracket 39, and the slider-crank 15 is slidably connected with the slider-crank guide rail 17; one end of a crank 10 is vertically connected with the output end of the speed reducer 9, the other end of the crank 10 is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 12 through a crank pin 11, the other end of the connecting rod 12 is hinged with a crank block 15 through a crank block pin 14, and the pulling force of the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly acts on the upper end and the lower end of the crank block 15 in opposite directions. In the operation of the pumping unit, the crank 10 rotates to drive the crank slide 15 to reciprocate up and down, and the crank slide mechanism 13 drives the counterweight hanging basket 20 and the polish rod hanging card 33 to keep the same speed and reciprocate up and down in opposite directions.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, guide wheel assemblies are arranged on the left and right sides of the crank block 15, and the guide wheel assemblies roll up and down along the crank block guide rail 17.
In this embodiment, the slider-crank guide 17 includes two opposite T-shaped tracks, and the cross section of the slider-crank 15 is generally in an i-shaped structure and is located between the two T-shaped tracks. Two groups of guide wheel assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end and the lower end of the crank block 15, each group of guide wheel assemblies comprises four idler wheels 16, wherein the two idler wheels 16 are positioned on the inner side of the crank block 15 and clamped on the two sides of the T-shaped track; the other two rollers 16 are arranged on the outer side of the crank block 15 and are contacted with the inner side of the end face of the T-shaped track; the four rollers 16 complete the limit of the crank block 15 in the horizontal direction, and the accurate positioning of the crank block 15 is ensured. That is, 16 rollers are provided on the slider-crank 15, so as to improve the lifting stability of the slider-crank 15.
Further, the intelligent crank type belt pumping unit provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a support frame arranged on the pumping unit base 3, wherein the support frame provides support for the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly. Specifically, the support frame comprises a cross beam 23 and a bracket 38, wherein the bottom of the bracket 38 is connected with the pumping unit base 3, and the top of the bracket 38 is connected with the cross beam 23.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the counterweight device comprises a load sensor i 25, a counterweight basket 20, a counterweight 19, a steel wire belt i 22, a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley i 26 and a counterweight basket slideway 18, wherein the counterweight basket slideway 18 is vertically arranged on a pumping unit base 3, the counterweight basket 20 is in sliding fit with the counterweight basket slideway 18, and the counterweight 19 is arranged in the counterweight basket 20 and used for balancing the load of the pumping system 4. The counterweight basket slideway 18 guides the lifting of the counterweight basket 20, and avoids the counterweight basket 20 from swinging transversely. The load sensor I25 and the fixed pulley block are arranged on the cross beam 23 of the supporting frame, and the movable pulley I26 is arranged at the upper end of the crank block 15. One end of the steel wire belt I22 is connected with the load sensor I25, and the other end of the steel wire belt I is connected with the counterweight hanging basket 20 after sequentially passing through the movable pulley I26 and the fixed pulley block. Specifically, the fixed pulley block comprises a fixed pulley I21 and a fixed pulley II 24 which are arranged on a cross beam 23, and a steel wire belt I22 sequentially passes through the movable pulley I26, the fixed pulley II 24 and the fixed pulley I21.
The load sensor I25 is used for measuring, displaying and adjusting the counterweight so as to increase or decrease the counterweight 19 and achieve the balance of the counterweight of the system.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the belt traction assembly comprises a fixed pulley iii 32, a fixed pulley iv 29, a movable pulley ii 27 and a steel wire belt ii 31, wherein the fixed pulley iii 32 is arranged on the pumping unit base 3, the fixed pulley iv 29 is connected with the beam 23 of the supporting frame, and the movable pulley ii 27 is arranged at the lower end of the crank block 15; one end of a steel wire belt II 31 is connected with the pumping unit base 3, and the other end of the steel wire belt II is connected with a polish rod elevator 33 of the pumping system 4 after passing through a movable pulley II 27, a fixed pulley III 32 and a fixed pulley IV 29 in sequence. The crank 10 rotates to drive the crank slide block 15 to reciprocate up and down, and the crank slide block 15 drives the polish rod elevator 33 to reciprocate up and down through the steel wire belt II 31.
Further, the fixed pulley IV 29 is connected with the cross beam 23 of the supporting frame through the load sensor II 28, the load sensor II 28 is used for measuring and displaying the load change value of the up and down strokes when the pumping unit operates, and meanwhile, parameters such as yield, pump efficiency, indicator diagram, working fluid level position in the oil extraction well and the like are calculated, so that data support is provided for efficient operation of equipment. A displacement sensor 30 is arranged on the tail shaft of the fixed pulley IV 29. The displacement sensor 30 is used for detecting the up-down stroke displacement of the polish rod elevator 33 in the pumping system 4, so as to accurately measure the running position, the stroke amplitude and the stroke frequency speed of the polish rod elevator 33, and the displacement sensor 30 can be an angular displacement sensor or an encoder.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, two output ends are symmetrically provided on the speed reducer 9, and the two output ends of the speed reducer 9 are respectively connected with two slider-crank mechanisms 13, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Correspondingly, the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly are two groups, and the two crank block mechanisms 13 are respectively connected with the counterweight hanging basket 20 through two steel wire belts I22, so that the lifting stability of the counterweight hanging basket 20 is improved, and the counterweight hanging basket is shown in fig. 2. The two crank slider mechanisms 13 are respectively connected with the polish rod elevator 33 through two steel wire belts II 31, so that the ascending stability of the pumping system 4 is improved, and the pumping system is shown in FIG. 3. The pulling force of the steel wire belt I22 and the pulling force of the steel wire belt II 31 act on the upper end and the lower end of the crank block mechanism 13 in opposite directions.
In the embodiment, the steel wire belt I22 and the steel wire belt II 31 are both formed by compounding steel wire ropes and nonmetallic materials with the characteristics of wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance and toughness. Specifically, the wire belt i 22 and the wire belt ii 31 may be replaced with chains or wire ropes.
Specifically, the fixed sheave ii 24 and load sensor i 25 mounting positions: the tangential extension lines of the right side of the circumference of the fixed pulley II 24 and the left side of the circumference of the movable pulley I26 are intersected with the tangential extension lines of the circumference of the load sensor I25 and the right side of the circumference of the movable pulley I26 at the lower end of the movable pulley I26, the tangential included angle of the crank block 15 is maximum when the crank block 15 is at the top dead center, the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket 20 on the crank block 15 is minimum, and the crank 10 is favorable for driving the crank block 15 to move downwards. The tangential angle of the crank block 15 is minimum when the bottom dead center is reached, the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket 20 on the crank block 15 is maximum, and the crank 10 is beneficial to driving the crank block 15 to move upwards, so that the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket 20 on the pumping system 4 end is in dynamic change balance, and the accurate balance of the load change of the pumping system 4 end is facilitated. Mounting position of fixed pulley III 32: the tangent lines on the left side of the circumference of the fixed pulley III 32 and the right side of the circumference of the movable pulley II 27 are collinear and parallel to the track line of the up-down running of the crank block 15, so that 2 times of the distance between the up-down dead points of the running of the crank block 15 is the stroke amplitude of the polish rod elevator 33.
In this embodiment, the power source 5 is a permanent magnet motor, an asynchronous motor, a gas engine or a fuel engine. The intelligent controller and the frequency converter are arranged in the electric control cabinet 1, so that various parameters such as yield, pump efficiency, indicator diagram, load, electricity consumption, pump hanging depth, working fluid level position and the like can be displayed, the operation parameters of the pumping unit can be adjusted at any time, and an automatic control and management target is realized. The intelligent control is mainly embodied in the intelligent software programming function, the invention is installed, and known data comprise parameters such as sucker rod, pump hanging depth, static liquid level depth, oil water content, primary weight distribution, stroke frequency and the like, so that parameters such as annular unit depth volume of the inner pipe rod of an oil well, the depth of the oil pump entering the static liquid level, the load of the rod pump and the like are calculated. When the piston of the oil pump 37 lifts oil upwards during debugging, the static liquid level of the oil sleeve annulus in the oil well is lowered, when the static liquid level in the oil pipe exceeds the position of the liquid level of the oil sleeve annulus, the lifting load is gradually increased, the change data are recorded by a control system, the corresponding liquid level depth is calculated according to a program algorithm, a work presentation diagram can be automatically displayed through the lifting load and the lowering load of the polish rod elevator 33 and the position change of the corresponding polish rod elevator 33, the running condition of the oil pump and the balance state of the oil pump can be judged from the work presentation diagram, and then the corresponding output, pump efficiency, counterweight, power consumption and other data are automatically calculated. And the oil pumping unit starts to operate by debugging and setting the optimal weight. When the working fluid level drops or the indicator diagram shows insufficient underground fluid supply, the device automatically adjusts the oil pumping parameters, reduces the stroke frequency or intermittently pumps oil, and automatically improves the stroke frequency and improves the fluid yield when the working fluid level is far higher than the set depth. Corresponding parameters are displayed on the touch operation screen, and can be managed by using a mobile communication card, wifi or the like in a wireless remote control manner.
The invention provides an intelligent crank type belt pumping unit, which has the following working principle:
the power of the power source 5 is transmitted to the speed reducer 9 through the transmission belt 6, the crank 10 is arranged on a power output shaft of the speed reducer 9, the speed reducer 9 drives the crank 10 to rotate, the crank pin 11 is arranged on the crank 10, one end of the connecting rod 12 is hinged to the crank pin 11, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the crank slider pin 14, the crank 10 drives the crank slider 15 to reciprocate up and down, the movable pulley I26 and the movable pulley II 27 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the crank slider 15, one end of the steel wire belt I22 is connected with the load sensor I25, and the other end of the steel wire belt I sequentially bypasses the movable pulley I26, the fixed pulley II 24 and the fixed pulley I21 to be connected with the counterweight hanging basket 20. One end of a steel wire belt II 31 is provided with a pumping unit base 3, and the other end of the steel wire belt II sequentially bypasses a movable pulley II 27, a fixed pulley III 32 and a fixed pulley IV 29 to be connected with a polished rod elevator 33. The pulling force of counter weight hanging flower basket 20 passes through wire belt I22 and transmits, and is used in slider crank 15, and the pulling force of pumping system 4 passes through wire belt II 31 and transmits, also is used in slider crank 15, and pumping system 4 and counter weight hanging flower basket 20's pulling force opposite direction, balancing weight 19 put in counter weight hanging flower basket 20, play the effect of balanced pumping system 4 load. The sucker rod pump oil well is characterized in that the upstroke load is equal to the weight of the sucker rod plus the weight of the underground oil-water column, and the downstroke load is equal to the weight of the sucker rod, so that the upstroke load is greater than the downstroke load, and the counterweight of the counterweight hanging basket 20 is set to be one half of the sum of the upstroke maximum load and the downstroke minimum load. At this time, when the pumping unit is in the up stroke, the load of the pumping rod 36 is greater than the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket 20, and the crank 10 drives the crank slider 15 to move upwards through the connecting rod 12, so that the polish rod elevator 33 is pulled to move upwards, the counterweight hanging basket 20 moves downwards, and potential energy of the counterweight hanging basket 20 is converted into kinetic energy for the pumping rod 36 to move upwards. When the pumping unit downstrokes, the load of the pumping rod 36 is smaller than the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket 20 on the counterweight hanging basket 33, and the crank 10 drives the crank slider 15 to descend through the connecting rod 12, so that the counterweight hanging basket 20 is pulled to ascend, the polished rod hanging basket 33 descends, and the gravity of the pumping rod 36 is converted into potential energy of the counterweight hanging basket 20. Thus, the oil is pumped up and down in a reciprocating motion. The power system 2 provides driving force to drive the pumping unit to operate, kinetic energy and potential energy between the counterweight hanging basket 20 and the pumping system 4 are continuously converted, and the power source 5 of the pumping unit does small positive work in the up-down stroke stage and does not generate negative torque. Further, the power of the power source 5 and the torque specification of the speed reducer 9 are smaller, and the problems of poor balance, high energy consumption, short service life of the speed reducer and other parts of the beam pumping unit are completely avoided. The invention can be widely used for pumping oil by the sucker rod pump in the oil field, is beneficial to oil extraction operation of the oil well, and can save electric energy, reduce maintenance cost, improve working efficiency and increase oil well yield. In addition, the displacement sensor 30 sends displacement data and speed data to the intelligent controller of the electric control cabinet 1 at any time, the load sensor I25 and the load sensor II 28 also send load data to the intelligent controller of the electric control cabinet at any time, and according to the data and the electricity consumption data, the intelligent controller calculates various parameters and indicator diagrams, adjusts the operation parameters of the equipment at any time, and can also be remotely controlled to check the operation state of the equipment.
Example two
Referring to fig. 6, the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and is different in that the belt traction assembly includes a fixed pulley iii 32, a fixed pulley iv 29, and a steel belt ii 31, where the fixed pulley iii 32 is disposed on the pumping unit base 3, the fixed pulley iv 29 is disposed on the beam 23 of the support frame, one end of the steel belt ii 31 is connected with the crank block 15 in the crank block mechanism 13, and the other end of the steel belt ii 31 sequentially passes through the fixed pulley iii 32 and the fixed pulley iv 29 and then is connected with the polish rod elevator 33 of the pumping system 4.
In the embodiment, a movable pulley II 27 arranged at the lower end of the crank block 15 is omitted, one end of a steel wire belt II 31 is connected to the crank block 15, and the other end of the steel wire belt II is connected to a polish rod elevator 32. The scheme is suitable for the machine type with smaller stroke, can reduce the consumption of the balancing weight 19, and further reduces the cost.
In summary, the intelligent crank type belt pumping unit provided by the invention is used for improving the production efficiency of a pumping well, reducing the electric energy consumption of mechanical oil extraction, prolonging the service life of the pumping unit and improving the automatic operation degree, and the equipment not only maintains the advantage of the variable speed motion of the up-down stroke of the beam pumping unit, but also reduces the weight of each moving part of the equipment, and the balance weight and the load energy are mutually converted, so that the energy is further saved. The intelligent chip and the sensor are added, the pump efficiency, the output and the working fluid level position can be reflected in time, the pumping speed of the pumping unit or intermittent pumping can be automatically adjusted according to the underground fluid supply data condition, the efficient operation is achieved, the purposes of intelligent control, automatic optimization of oil extraction, improvement of fluid yield, replacement of a pipe rod, pump detection period and remote numerical control management are achieved, and the operation and maintenance cost is further reduced.
The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, expansion, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent crank type belt pumping unit, which is characterized by comprising:
the pumping system (4) is arranged in the oil production well and realizes underground oil production through up-and-down strokes;
the power system (2) comprises a power device, a counterweight device and a belt traction assembly, wherein the belt traction assembly is used for connecting the power device and the pumping system (4), the power device provides power for the up-and-down stroke of the pumping system (4), the counterweight device is connected with the power device, and the counterweight device is used for balancing the load of the pumping system (4);
the electric control cabinet (1) is connected with the counterweight device and the power device through cables, and the electric control cabinet (1) is used for controlling the work of the power system (2);
the oil pumping machine base (3) is used for bearing the electric control cabinet (1) and the power system (2);
the power device comprises a power source (5), a speed reducer (9) and a crank slider mechanism (13), wherein the power source (5) and the speed reducer (9) are arranged on the oil pumping unit base (3), the output end of the power source (5) is connected with the input end of the speed reducer (9), the output end of the speed reducer (9) is connected with the crank slider mechanism (13), and the crank slider mechanism (13) outputs power along the vertical direction;
the crank slider mechanism (13) comprises a crank (10), a connecting rod (12), a crank slider mechanism bracket (39), a crank slider (15) and a crank slider guide rail (17), wherein the crank slider mechanism bracket (39) is arranged on the oil pumping unit base (3), the crank slider guide rail (17) is arranged on the crank slider mechanism bracket (39) along the vertical direction, and the crank slider (15) is in sliding connection with the crank slider guide rail (17); one end of a crank (10) is vertically connected with the output end of the speed reducer (9), and the other end of the crank (10) is hinged with a crank sliding block (15) through a connecting rod (12); the tension forces of the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly act on the upper end and the lower end of the crank block (15) and have opposite directions;
the intelligent crank type belt pumping unit also comprises a support frame arranged on the pumping unit base (3), wherein the support frame provides support for the counterweight device and the belt traction assembly;
the counterweight device comprises a load sensor I (25), a counterweight hanging basket (20), a counterweight block (19), a steel wire belt I (22), a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley I (26) and a counterweight hanging basket slideway (18), wherein the counterweight hanging basket slideway (18) is arranged on the oil pumping machine base (3) along the vertical direction, the counterweight hanging basket (20) is in sliding fit with the counterweight hanging basket slideway (18), and the counterweight block (19) is arranged in the counterweight hanging basket (20); the load sensor I (25) and the fixed pulley block are arranged at the top of the supporting frame, and the movable pulley I (26) is arranged at the upper end of the crank block (15); one end of a steel wire belt I (22) is connected with a load sensor I (25), and the other end of the steel wire belt I (22) is connected with a counterweight hanging basket (20) after sequentially passing through a movable pulley I (26) and a fixed pulley block;
the support frame comprises a cross beam (23) and a bracket (38), wherein the bottom of the bracket (38) is connected with the oil pumping unit base (3), and the top of the bracket (38) is connected with the cross beam (23);
the fixed pulley block comprises a fixed pulley I (21) and a fixed pulley II (24) which are arranged on a cross beam (23), and a steel wire belt I (22) sequentially passes through the movable pulley I (26), the fixed pulley II (24) and the fixed pulley I (21);
fixed pulley II (24) and load cell I (25) mounted position: the tangential extension lines of the right side of the circumference of the fixed pulley II (24) and the left side of the circumference of the movable pulley I (26) are intersected with the load sensor I (25) and the tangential extension line of the right side of the circumference of the movable pulley I (26) at the lower end of the movable pulley I (26), when the crank block (15) is at the top dead center, the tangential included angle of the two sides of the movable pulley I (26) is the largest, the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket (20) on the crank block (15) is the smallest, and the crank (10) is beneficial to driving the crank block (15) to move downwards; when the crank sliding block (15) is at the bottom dead center, the tangential included angle is minimum, the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket (20) on the crank sliding block (15) is maximum, and the crank (10) is beneficial to driving the crank sliding block (15) to move upwards, so that the pulling force of the counterweight hanging basket (20) on the pumping system (4) end is in dynamic change balance, and the load change of the pumping system (4) end is helped to be accurately balanced.
2. The intelligent crank type belt pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein guide wheel assemblies are arranged on the left side and the right side of the crank block (15), and the guide wheel assemblies roll up and down along the crank block guide rail (17).
3. The intelligent crank type belt pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the belt traction assembly comprises a fixed pulley III (32), a fixed pulley IV (29), a movable pulley II (27) and a steel wire belt II (31), wherein the fixed pulley III (32) is arranged on the pumping unit base (3), the fixed pulley IV (29) is connected with the top of the supporting frame, the movable pulley II (27) is arranged on the crank sliding block mechanism (13), one end of the steel wire belt II (31) is connected with the pumping unit base (3), and the other end of the steel wire belt II (31) is connected with the pumping system (4) after sequentially passing through the movable pulley II (27), the fixed pulley III (32) and the fixed pulley IV (29).
4. An intelligent crank type belt pumping unit according to claim 3, wherein the tangents to the left of the circumference of the fixed pulley iii (32) and the right of the circumference of the movable pulley ii (27) are collinear and parallel to the trajectory of the crank block mechanism (13) running up and down.
5. The intelligent crank type belt pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the belt traction assembly comprises a fixed pulley III (32), a fixed pulley IV (29) and a steel wire belt II (31), wherein the fixed pulley III (32) is arranged on the pumping unit base (3), the fixed pulley IV (29) is arranged on the top of the supporting frame, one end of the steel wire belt II (31) is connected with the crank sliding block mechanism (13), and the other end of the steel wire belt II (31) is connected with the pumping system (4) after passing through the fixed pulley III (32) and the fixed pulley IV (29) in sequence.
6. Intelligent crank-type belt pumping unit according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the fixed pulley iv (29) is connected to the top of the support frame by means of a load sensor ii (28); and a displacement sensor (30) is arranged on the fixed pulley IV (29).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310445163.XA CN116146154B (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Intelligent crank type belt pumping unit |
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| CN218844283U (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-11 | 西南石油大学 | Improved hydraulic oil pumping machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1072995A (en) * | 1991-12-03 | 1993-06-09 | 严增寿 | Epicyclic complex motion type beam pumping unit with long stroke |
| CN1031354C (en) * | 1992-07-05 | 1996-03-20 | 胜利石油管理局采油工艺研究院 | Chain-type long stroke pumping unit |
| CN2467821Y (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2001-12-26 | 周小稀 | Beam-pumping unit driven by linear motor |
| CN1752406B (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2013-10-23 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Single crank double stroke flexible rope beam-pumping unit |
| CN201144673Y (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-11-05 | 金春花 | Balanced type trolley type oil pumping machine |
| CN102996102B (en) * | 2011-09-10 | 2017-10-10 | 顾心怿 | The oil pumper that gear moves reciprocatingly on rack |
| CN202228050U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-23 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Crank slide block vertical type stroke-extending oil pumping machine |
| CN208203237U (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-12-07 | 张志勇 | Long stroke pumping unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN218844283U (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-11 | 西南石油大学 | Improved hydraulic oil pumping machine |
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