CN116144338B - Limonene leaching solution for improving extraction efficiency of coal bed gas - Google Patents
Limonene leaching solution for improving extraction efficiency of coal bed gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A limonene leaching solution for improving extraction efficiency of coal bed gas belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas exploitation, and can solve the problems that in the existing coal bed gas reservoir yield increasing chemical modification method, an acidic chemical agent acting object is coal bed crack filling inorganic mineral, an oxidant and an organic solvent acting object is polar small molecular organic compound in coal and the used chemical agent are inflammable, explosive, strong corrosive and poor in environmental protection; meanwhile, limonene permeates into the organic macromolecular structure of coal, swelling and extraction are carried out to loosen the coal structure, the desorption-diffusion-seepage capacity of the coal bed gas is improved, and clean and efficient development of the coal bed gas reservoir is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coalbed methane exploitation, and particularly relates to a limonene leaching solution for improving coalbed methane extraction efficiency.
Background
Coal bed gas is clean energy with methane as a main component, 90% of the reserve of the clean energy is stored in the coal bed in an adsorption state, and the clean energy belongs to unconventional natural gas. The characteristics of low permeability and high adsorptivity of coal-bed gas reservoirs in China restrict the development and utilization of the coal-bed gas, and the physical properties of the reservoirs are generally required to be modified to improve the development efficiency of the coal-bed gas.
The existing yield increasing transformation methods of the coalbed methane reservoir are mainly divided into two major types, namely a physical transformation method and a chemical transformation method. The hydraulic fracturing technology is widely adopted as a main physical transformation yield increasing measure for coal bed gas development, and by injecting large-discharge high-viscosity liquid consisting of water, propping agent and chemical agent into a coal bed gas reservoir, the pressure of the injected liquid is higher than the fracture pressure of the reservoir, so as to communicate the artificial fracture with the cutting lines and cracks in the coal rock. However, the hydraulic fracturing technology has a small reconstruction effect on the micro-pores of the coal-bed methane reservoir, and the distribution characteristics of the micro-pores of the coal-bed methane reservoir are generally required to be changed by combining a chemical reconstruction method so as to improve the exploitation efficiency of the coal-bed methane.
The chemical reagents used in the chemical transformation method mainly comprise three main categories of acid solvents, oxidizing agents and organic solvents. The acid solvent such as hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and the like mainly improves the permeability of the coal bed by eroding inorganic minerals such as quartz, carbonate, clay and the like filled in the coal bed hole cracks, but the method has the negative effect of reducing the permeability caused by hole blocking due to secondary migration and precipitation of the inorganic minerals such as quartz, carbonate, clay and the like in the acidification process, and has strong side effects of corroding conveying pipelines, bottom hole tools and the like. The oxidant such as sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide mainly oxidizes and erodes micromolecular organic compounds and pyrite in coal to improve the permeability of the coal bed, but the reagent is easy to decompose and has poor stability. Organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and acetone can play a role in expanding a coalbed methane reservoir and improving pore connectivity of the coalbed methane reservoir by dissolving polar organic micromolecular compounds in a coal structure, so that the permeability of the coalbed is improved, but the organic solvents have the characteristics of combustibility, explosiveness and stronger toxicity. Therefore, a novel safe, environment-friendly, clean and efficient chemical modification solution is urgently needed to be explored in the production increasing operation of the coal bed gas reservoir.
The patent of the disclosure No. CN109810687A, namely an environment-friendly acidification working solution suitable for low permeability coalbed methane reservoir production increase, provides an environment-friendly acidification working solution suitable for low permeability coalbed methane reservoir production increase, wherein each 100 parts of water of the environment-friendly acidification working solution contains 3-5 parts of formic acid, 3-5 parts of citric acid, 4-5 parts of chelating agent, 4 parts of anti-swelling agent and 0.5-1 part of corrosion inhibitor. The environment-friendly acidizing working solution has a good corrosion effect on clay, carbonate and other inorganic minerals in a coal bed, and has a good effect of increasing the porosity and permeability of coal and rock; meanwhile, the environment-friendly acidizing working solution has a good retarding effect due to the application of the organic acid, particles in coal and rock are not easy to migrate, and the corrosion to underground pipes is low. However, the environment-friendly acidizing working solution is still acidic, the working object is inorganic minerals such as clay and carbonate filled in the cracks of the coal bed holes, the coal is a mixture formed by compounding organic matters as main materials and inorganic minerals as auxiliary materials, the content of acid-etched minerals in the coal bed is relatively low, and the transformation effect of the acidizing working solution on the coal bed gas reservoir is limited.
The patent with the publication number of CN106833595A discloses a multi-solvent combined fracturing fluid and a fracturing construction process of a coal-bed gas well, and provides the multi-solvent combined fracturing fluid and the fracturing construction process of the coal-bed gas well. Firstly, injecting acid pre-fluid composed of at least two of hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and acetic acid, and dissolving mineral substances in a coal seam fracture while fracturing the hydraulic pressure to open the stratum so as to enhance a seepage channel; then injecting front-end sand-carrying liquid composed of organic solvent and/or chlorine dioxide comprising at least one of clean water, tetrahydrofuran, acetone and ethanol, standing for a period of time, expanding and extending stratum cracks, and simultaneously dissolving small molecular compounds in coal or breaking polar bonds to play roles of hole increasing and hole expanding. The method is based on the principle of solvent extraction/dissolution, combines the construction procedure characteristics of a coal bed fracturing process, carries out injection of acid pad fluid and front-end sand carrying fluid with different properties according to the actual characteristic proportion of a reservoir, and can play a role in improving pore connectivity, reduce the surface energy of coal and reduce the adsorptivity of coal to methane while corroding mineral substances in coal bed cracks to expand the cracks, thereby being beneficial to desorption and migration of gas. However, this method has four disadvantages: residual acid after the acid pre-liquid acts has great harm and serious environmental pollution; the organic solvent used by the front-end sand-carrying fluid has higher cost, and is a chemical reagent which is inflammable, explosive and has stronger toxicity; thirdly, the acid residue of the acid front-end sand-carrying liquid is easy to react with the front-end sand-carrying liquid to cause reagent failure, or toxic gas is generated, for example, oxygen atoms of tetrahydrofuran in the front-end sand-carrying liquid are combined with a large amount of hydrogen ions in the acid residue of the acid front-end sand-carrying liquid to protonate the tetrahydrofuran, and chlorine dioxide in the front-end sand-carrying liquid reacts with hydrochloric acid residue in the acid front-end sand-carrying liquid to generate toxic chlorine; the organic solvents used in the invention are polar solvents, however, the basic structural units of the coal macromolecules are nonpolar surfaces composed of aromatic structures, polar functional groups exist on the coal surfaces in the form of points, and according to the similar principle of miscibility, the polar solvents mainly damage polar small molecular compounds and polar bonds in coal molecules, so that the method has limited transformation effect on physical properties of reservoirs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that an acidic chemical reagent acting object is coal seam fracture filling inorganic mineral, an oxidant and an organic solvent acting object is a polar small molecular organic compound in coal and the used chemical reagent is inflammable, explosive, strong in corrosion and poor in environmental protection in the existing coal-bed gas reservoir yield increasing chemical transformation method, the invention provides the limonene leaching solution for improving the coal-bed gas extraction efficiency. After the leaching solution is injected into a coalbed methane reservoir, nonpolar limonene is preferentially adsorbed on a coal matrix taking a nonpolar surface as a main body, and based on a similar compatibility principle, the basic structural unit of a coal macromolecule and nonpolar and weakly polar small molecular organic compounds are directly dissolved, so that the effects of reaming, improving pore connectivity and reducing the adsorption capacity of coalbed methane can be achieved; meanwhile, limonene permeates into the organic macromolecular structure of coal, swelling and extraction are carried out to loosen the coal structure, the desorption-diffusion-seepage capacity of the coal bed gas is improved, and clean and efficient development of the coal bed gas reservoir is realized.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas comprises limonene, a cosolvent and water, wherein each 100 parts by mass of water contains the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of limonene and 1-5 parts of cosolvent.
Further, the limonene is a nonpolar organic solvent derived from citrus biomass, and has a molecular formula of C 10 H 16 The molecular weight is 136.23, the pH value is 6.7, and the modified starch belongs to a high-safety food additive raw material.
Further, the cosolvent is a biodegradable surfactant and comprises any one of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate and nonionic surfactant Tween 80.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the limonene in the limonene leaching solution provided by the invention is a nonpolar natural compound derived from citrus biomass, is safe and environment-friendly, has a pH value of 6.7, has low corrosiveness to a bottom hole and a conveying pipeline, and does not influence coal quality.
2. The adsorption capacity of the limonene in the limonene leaching solution provided by the invention on the coal surface is stronger than that of water, and after the limonene leaching solution is injected into a coalbed methane reservoir, the limonene in the leaching solution and the water are in competition adsorption, and are preferentially adsorbed on a coal matrix, so that the utilization rate of the limonene is high.
3. The action target object of the limonene leaching solution provided by the invention is a basic structural unit of a coal macromolecule and nonpolar and weak-polarity micromolecular organic compounds, the action target object is high in proportion, the leaching solution is high in action efficiency, and the effect of improving physical properties of a reservoir is good.
4. The limonene leaching solution provided by the invention is neutral, is different from the prior acidic reagent that the permeability of a coalbed methane reservoir is improved by dissolving polar small molecular organic compounds in coal molecules through dissolution, and the permeability of the reservoir is improved by dissolving the polar small molecular organic compounds in the coal molecules through dissolution, but the basic structural units of the coal macromolecules and the nonpolar and weak polar small molecular organic compounds are directly dissolved based on a similar compatibility principle, so that the effects of reaming, improving pore connectivity and reducing methane adsorption capacity of the coal bed are achieved; meanwhile, the leaching solution permeates into the organic macromolecular structure of the coal, the swelling and extraction effect of the leaching solution enables the coal structure to be loose, the desorption-diffusion-seepage capacity of the coal bed gas is improved, and clean and efficient development of the coal bed gas reservoir is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of coal surface wetting comparison results, wherein a is anthracite-water, b is anthracite-limonene, c is coking coal-water, and d is coking coal-limonene.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the gas permeability of a coal sample before and after leaching of limonene leaching solution as a function of pore pressure.
Detailed Description
The technical features and technical effects of the present invention are further described below by examples.
In this example, the limonene used was produced from Shanghai Michelia Biochemical technology Co., ltd, with a mass concentration of > 95%; the cosolvent used, sodium lauryl sulfate, a non-ionic surfactant, tween 80, was produced from the national pharmaceutical group chemical company, inc. The smokeless coal sample is taken from No. 15 coal bed of the river mine No. 15 of the temple of Shacheng in Shanxi province, and the coking coal sample is taken from No. 5 coal bed of the sand starter two mine of the Linxing block of the Hubei basin. The results of industrial analysis and elemental analysis on experimental coal samples are shown in Table 1 according to GB/T6948-2008, GB/T212-2008 and GB/T476-2001 standards.
TABLE 1 anthracite and coking coal sample analysis results
1. In the embodiment, the preparation of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas is divided into two methods, namely Tween 80, limonene and water, which are called method 1; the other is sodium dodecyl sulfate, limonene and water, called method 2.
The method 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing 4g of Tween 80 and 84g of distilled water into a beaker, and stirring for later use;
(2) And (3) adding 12g of limonene into the solution prepared in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the limonene leaching solution.
(3) 2 parts of 60-80 mesh anthracite coal sample are weighed, 25g of each part is respectively leached with distilled water and the prepared limonene leaching solution for 72 hours.
(4) Preparing a standard sample with phi 50 multiplied by 100mm from the retrieved anthracite coal sample, and selecting 2 complete anthracite standard samples to be respectively leached with distilled water and the prepared limonene leaching solution for 72 hours.
(5) Filtering after the leaching of the coal sample, and drying the coal sample in an environment of 80 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the coal sample to be analyzed before and after the leaching of the limonene leaching solution.
The method 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 89g of distilled water are placed in a beaker and stirred for standby;
(2) And (3) adding 10g of limonene into the solution prepared in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the limonene leaching solution.
(3) 2 parts of 60-80-mesh coking coal sample are weighed, 25g of each part is respectively leached with distilled water and the prepared limonene leaching solution for 72 hours.
(4) Preparing a phi 50 multiplied by 100mm standard sample from the retrieved coking coal sample, and selecting 2 complete coking coal standard samples to be respectively leached with distilled water and the prepared limonene leaching solution for 72 hours.
(5) Filtering after the leaching of the coal sample, and drying the coal sample in an environment of 80 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the coal sample to be analyzed of the coking coal before and after the leaching of the limonene leaching solution.
2. Effect of the invention
(1) Effect of changing wettability of coal surface
Experimental instrument: JC2000D type contact angle measuring instrument
The experimental method comprises the following steps: grinding anthracite coal sample and coking coal sample after leaching with distilled water to 200 meshes, taking 0.4g of dry coal sample, putting into a tabletting mold, assembling, pressurizing to 20MPa, pressing into slices, keeping the pressure for 5min, taking out the slices, placing the slices on a placing table of a contact angle measuring instrument, respectively titrating water and limonene to the surfaces of the anthracite slices and coking coal slices, and measuring the contact angle by adopting an angle measuring method, wherein the result is shown in figure 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1a and 1b, the contact angles of limonene, water and anthracite surface are 84 ° and 8 °, respectively, and the contact angle of limonene and anthracite surface is 90.48% smaller than the contact angle of water and anthracite surface; as can be seen from fig. 1c and 1d, the contact angles of limonene, water and the coking coal surface are 79 ° and 6 °, respectively, and the contact angle of limonene and the coking coal surface is 92.41% smaller than the contact angle of water and the coking coal surface. It is shown that limonene has a stronger adsorption capacity on the coal surface than water and that limonene is more permeable and diffusive in coal seams than water.
(2) Effect of changing adsorption performance of methane in coal
Experimental instrument: 3H-2000PHD high pressure methane adsorption and desorption speed analyzer, high purity methane, electronic balance, etc.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: the adsorption temperature is set to 313.15K, the maximum adsorption pressure is set to 4MPa, the coal sample is firstly subjected to vacuum degassing during testing, the degassing temperature is 378.15K, the degassing duration is 300min, the constant-temperature duration of the degassed coal sample is 120min, the methane adsorption is started after the degassing is completed, the adsorption equilibrium duration is set to 1800s during the adsorption, and the equilibrium standard deviation is 0.008MPa. And (3) testing to obtain the methane adsorption quantity of the coal sample before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution under the adsorption pressure of 4MPa, and fitting the test result by adopting a Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation.
V=(V L P)/( P L +p), wherein: v is the adsorption capacity of methane, mL.g -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the P is the gas equilibrium pressure, mpa; v (V) L The saturated adsorption amount, also called Langmuir volume, is the ultimate adsorption amount per unit mass of solid, mL.g., at a given temperature, depending on the nature of the adsorbent and the adsorbate -1 ；P L Is saturated adsorption quantity V L Half of the gas equilibrium pressure, MPa; v (V) L And P L Referred to as Langmuir constant.
From the experimental results, it can be seen that: the saturated adsorption amounts of methane in the anthracite coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas are 31.88 and 28.57 mL g respectively -1 The saturated adsorption capacity of the anthracite methane after leaching is reduced by 10.38 percent; the saturated adsorption amounts of methane in the coking coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas are respectively 22.12 and 17.86 mL g -1 The saturated adsorption quantity of the coking coal methane after leaching is reduced by 19.26 percent. Description of the inventionThe limonene leaching solution leaching which improves the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas can reduce the methane adsorption capacity of the coal bed.
(3) Effect of changing desorption performance of coal methane
Experimental instrument: 3H-2000PHD high pressure methane adsorption and desorption speed analyzer, high purity methane, electronic stopwatch, etc.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: and (3) selecting a 3H-2000PHD high-pressure methane adsorption and desorption speed analyzer manufactured by Bei Shide instrument and technology limited company, carrying out desorption characteristic test on the coal sample subjected to adsorption balance, and setting the desorption time to be 300 min. And (3) testing to obtain the time-dependent change relation of methane desorption amounts of the coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution, and calculating to obtain the methane desorption rate with the desorption time of 300min, wherein the desorption rate equation is as follows:
η=V 0 wherein, eta is methane desorption rate,%; v (V) 0 For methane desorption amount, mL.g -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the V is the adsorption quantity of the coal sample reaching adsorption equilibrium, and mL.g -1 。
The methane diffusion coefficient can be used to characterize the desorption performance of methane in coal, and is defined as the mass or mole number of methane diffused vertically through a unit area under the condition of concentration gradient per unit time, and is obtained by substituting desorption data into the following formula for fitting.
The methane desorption rate of the anthracite coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas is 64.31 percent and 75.45 percent respectively, and the methane desorption rate of the anthracite coal after leaching is improved by 17.32 percent; the methane desorption rates of the limonene leaching solution before and after leaching of the coal sample for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas are 65.12% and 77.61%, respectively, and the methane desorption rate of the coking coal after leaching is improved by 19.18%. The invention shows that the limonene leaching solution leaching for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas can improve the methane desorption capacity of the coal bed.
The diffusion coefficients of methane in the anthracite coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas are 3.2641 multiplied by 10 respectively -6 、5.6422×10 -6 cm 2 ·s -1 The diffusion coefficient of the anthracite methane after leaching is increased by 72.86%; the diffusion coefficients of methane in the coking coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas are 5.6121 multiplied by 10 respectively -6 、11.2647×10 -6 cm 2 ·s -1 The diffusion coefficient of the coking coal methane after leaching is increased by 100.72 percent. The invention shows that the limonene leaching solution leaching for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas can improve the methane diffusion capacity of the coal bed.
(4) Effect of varying permeability of coal
Experimental instrument: triaxial permeameter, high purity methane, electronic balance, etc.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: and (3) coating a thin layer of sealant on the side surface of the analysis sample, and placing the sample into a triaxial penetrometer penetration chamber after sealing. And (3) after the penetrometer is sealed, vacuumizing to test tightness, applying an axial pressure of 0.5MPa after the tightness test is qualified, then adding pore pressure, keeping the pore inlet pressure at 0.2MPa, closing the air outlet, fully adsorbing for 8 hours, applying a confining pressure of 5.0MPa and the axial pressure after the adsorption balance is achieved, opening the air outlet after the axial pressure and the confining pressure reach preset values and are stable, regulating the pore pressure to be reduced from 2.0MPa to 0.2MPa, measuring the gas flow in the pore pressure reduction process by adopting a collecting device, and calculating the gas permeability by using the following formula.
The data of the gas permeability of the coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas, which is provided by the invention, along with the change of pore pressure are shown in figure 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the permeability of anthracite and coking coal is significantly improved under different pore pressures after the limonene leaching solution for improving the extraction efficiency of coal bed gas is used. When the pore pressure is 0.2MPa, the permeability of anthracite coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution is 0.04 mD and 0.11mD respectively, and the permeability is increased by 1.75 times after leaching; the permeability of the coal sample of the coking coal before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution is 0.07 and 0.21mD respectively, and the permeability is increased by 2.00 times after leaching. When the pore pressure is 2.0MPa, the permeability of anthracite coal samples before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution is 0.25 and 0.76mD respectively, and the permeability is increased by 2.04 times after leaching; the permeability of the coal sample of the coking coal before and after leaching of the limonene leaching solution is 0.39 and 1.59mD respectively, and the permeability is increased by 3.08 times after leaching. The invention shows that the limonene leaching solution leaching for improving the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas can improve the permeability of the coal bed.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an improve coalbed methane extraction efficiency's limonene leaching solution is applied to transformation coalbed methane's reservoir physical properties, its characterized in that: the limonene leaching solution comprises limonene, a cosolvent and water, wherein each 100 parts by mass of water contains the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of limonene and 1-5 parts of cosolvent;
the limonene is nonpolar organic solvent derived from citrus biomass, and has molecular formula of C 10 H 16 The molecular weight is 136.23, and the pH value is 6.7;
the cosolvent is a biodegradable surfactant and comprises any one of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate and nonionic surfactant Tween 80.
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