CN112761608B - Method for improving shale oil recovery ratio and reducing fracturing fluid flowback in pressure flooding integrated mode - Google Patents
Method for improving shale oil recovery ratio and reducing fracturing fluid flowback in pressure flooding integrated mode Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the shale oil recovery ratio and reducing the backflow of fracturing fluid by integrating pressure flooding, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing autogenous gas fracturing fluid; (2) carrying sand by using the autogenous gas fracturing fluid to perform fracturing construction; (3) after the crack is formed, designing reaction time according to the temperature of a target layer and the reaction rate of a gas generating agent, closing a well, closing the well, soaking an oil reservoir, and fully absorbing the self-generated gas fracturing fluid on the crack expansion surface after the self-generated gas fracturing fluid completely reacts; (4) and opening the well and returning and discharging the residual fracturing fluid to start normal oil production. The self-gas-generating fracturing fluid is prepared by adding 2.5-77% of a gas generating agent and 0.05-0.1% of an antiscaling agent into a water-based fracturing fluid. The gas generating agent is a water-soluble compound capable of reacting with water to generate gas. The antiscaling agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, sodium polyacrylate or maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer. The invention can reduce the return displacement of the fracturing fluid while improving the shale oil recovery ratio, has controllable gas production speed and full utilization of chemical agents, and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the recovery ratio of shale oil in the field of oilfield development, in particular to a method for improving the recovery ratio of shale oil and reducing the flowback of fracturing fluid by integrating pressure flooding.
Background
With the continuous consumption of conventional oil and gas resources in China, the unconventional oil and gas resources become important supplements for the conventional oil and gas resources under the background of increasing the exploration strength of the oil and gas resources, and one of the important unconventional oil and gas resources is shale oil (liquid rich shale). The shale oil recoverable resource quantity of China is the third of the world and is 322 multiplied by 108Bucket, second only to usa, russia. Benefit from long horizontal well multistage pressureThe maturity of cracking technology, the united states, has made scale developments on shale oil resources and thereby become the country of net export of crude oil. According to the existing shale oil development experience in the United states, the production cycle of shale oil reservoirs is shorter than 10 years, and the recovery rate is between 2% and 10%. Due to the nature of shale oil natural reservoirs, the decline in production at the early stages of their development is more severe, typically decreasing to the first 10% within the first two years of production. After the initial rapid decrease is finished, repeated fracturing is needed to be invested for a plurality of times to partially recover the productivity. Therefore, the improvement of the exploitation efficiency of shale oil fracturing or repeated fracturing on oil reservoirs is an important attack and shut-down direction at present and is also an important technical reserve in China.
The existing shale oil recovery enhancement method research focuses on gas injection, water injection, surfactant injection throughput and in-situ microbial means. However, the matrix permeability of shale is too low, the injection is difficult, and the displacement form in the traditional enhanced oil recovery method cannot be realized. Therefore, the technology for improving the recovery ratio by combining fracturing construction is a high-benefit choice for solving the injection difficulty and the construction cost.
In situ CO2Enhanced recovery is the production of CO in an oil reservoir with chemicals2Replacement of gaseous CO by transport and injection chemicals2To solve the problem of CO injection2Part of the problems of (1). In situ CO2The technology is a technology which is easy to combine with fracturing construction in a plurality of methods for improving the recovery efficiency, and different fracturing fluid systems are derived. The single-liquid method means that the gas-generating slug has the function of generating CO alone2The system mainly comprises a single chemical agent which is pyrolyzed at the temperature of the stratum or releases acid slowly. The two-liquid method is characterized in that two chemical agent slugs are injected sequentially or repeatedly and alternately, and main chemical agents of the two slugs do not generate CO under the oil reservoir condition independently2CO is formed after the two slugs are mixed2And an exotherm occurred. Currently involving in situ CO2The research and development of the fracturing fluid are provided based on a two-fluid method, such as a carbonate and salicylic acid system used by a self-generating clean fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof (CN108531160A), and a urea, sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid system used by a low-corrosion self-generating gas energizing fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof (CN 111100624A). The two-liquid method relates toThe multi-section plug injection increases the complexity of fracturing construction, and the gas-generating reaction can generate salt which is ineffective in improving the recovery ratio, thereby causing the waste of chemical agent and having negative influence on the control of construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the shale oil recovery ratio and reducing the backflow of fracturing fluid by integrating pressure flooding, which has the advantages of reliable principle, simple and convenient operation, easy combination with fracturing construction, reaction of water in water-based fracturing fluid after injection, strong effect of improving the recovery ratio, controllable gas production speed, full utilization of chemical agents and wide market application prospect.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention comprehensively enhances the principle of imbibition and gas injection to improve the shale oil recovery ratio, has adjustable gas generation capacity and reaction rate, can consume water of the water-based fracturing fluid and does not react under the ground condition, reduces the return discharge amount of the fracturing fluid while improving the shale oil recovery ratio, and reduces the proppant return discharge in the return discharge process of the fracturing fluid.
The method for improving the shale oil recovery ratio and reducing the backflow of the fracturing fluid by integrating pressure flooding sequentially comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing autogenous gas fracturing fluid;
(2) carrying sand by using the autogenous gas fracturing fluid to perform fracturing construction;
(3) after the crack is formed, designing reaction time according to the temperature of a target layer and the reaction rate of a gas generating agent, closing a well, closing the well, soaking an oil reservoir, and fully infiltrating and absorbing the self-generated gas fracturing fluid on a crack expansion surface after the self-generated gas fracturing fluid completely reacts;
(4) and opening the well and returning and discharging the residual fracturing fluid to start normal oil production.
The fracturing construction mode can be primary fracturing or repeated fracturing.
The self-gas-generating fracturing fluid is prepared by adding 2.5-77% of gas generating agent and 0.05-0.1% of scale inhibitor into water-based fracturing fluid (both in percentage by mass).
The water-based fracturing fluid is a conventional water-based fracturing fluid.
Further, the fracturing fluid comprises a tackifier viscoelastic surfactant or carboxymethyl cellulose, a drag reducer polyacrylamide, a bactericide dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and water.
The gas generating agent is a water-soluble compound capable of reacting with water to generate gas, such as urea and the like.
The scale inhibitor is Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), sodium Polyacrylate (PAA), maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer (MA-AA) and the like.
The invention realizes the generation of CO in the target stratum after the fracturing is finished2Meanwhile, water in the water-based fracturing fluid is consumed, and the reaction process is as follows:
the reaction does not proceed at normal temperature, the slow reaction starts gradually along with the temperature rise of the solution, the half-life period is 11.78 days when the temperature exceeds 90 ℃, the actual application condition of the oil reservoir starts to be met, the half-life period reaches 0.9 days when the temperature exceeds 120 ℃, and the reaction speed is greatly improved. 1mol of water is consumed by 1mol of gas generating agent in the reaction, so that the concentration of the gas generating agent is preferably selected according to actual fracturing and oil reservoir optimization requirements, and after the well shut-in reaction is finished, the amount of fracturing fluid which needs to be drained back after fracturing is finished can be reduced, and even the water in the water-based fracturing fluid is completely consumed. The gas generating agent used in the invention is a common solubilizer, has the function of increasing the solubility of various substances in water, has good compatibility with common additives of various fracturing fluids because the solubility is not influenced by the pH value of the solution, and cannot cause the precipitation of the additives when being added. The gas generating agent reacts with water in the well-closing process after fracturing to generate CO2And NH3。CO2The shale oil-water composite adsorbent has a competitive adsorption effect with hydrocarbon in the nano pores of the shale reservoir matrix, can displace shale oil in the imbibition process, and can generate a miscible or dissolving effect with the shale oil in shale micro or macro cracks, thereby improving the recovery ratio. NH3Can make the original oil-wet inorganic pore surface change to water-wet and react with the acidic substance in the oil to form a surfaceThe surfactant further improves the recovery ratio of the pressure flooding integrated process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)CO2the fracturing has the effect of improving the recovery ratio of the shale oil. But supercritical CO2The viscosity is low, the sand carrying effect is poor, the flow conductivity of cracks is not facilitated, long cracks are not facilitated to be made, and the modification volume is limited. The invention uses the autogenous gas system of the water-based fracturing fluid, and the fracturing fluid is a water phase in the construction process, so that the regulation measures such as viscosity increasing, resistance reducing and the like needed by the conventional water-based fracturing fluid are not influenced, and the mature water-based fracturing fluid and CO can be simultaneously applied2The method has the advantage that the shale oil recovery rate is greatly increased in the pressure flooding integrated process.
(2) Part of shale oil reservoirs may have water sensitivity, and the method can consume water after the crack is formed, so that the possible damage of the fracturing fluid to the water-sensitive shale oil reservoirs is reduced.
(3) Due to the characteristic of low flowback, the invention can reduce the backflow of the proppant in the flowback process and also can reduce the sewage amount to be treated by flowback.
(4) The gas generating agent has wide source and solves the problem of CO2The air source problem and the cost problem of on-site compressed air simplify the construction process and reduce the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the water solubility of the gas generant of example 1 of the present invention as a function of temperature.
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature and solution volume as a function of time with shut-in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples in order to facilitate the understanding of the invention by a person skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
A low flowback fracturing fluid for pressure flooding integrated shale oil recovery ratio improving construction is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of urea, 1% of polyacrylamide, 0.1% of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and the balance of water.
The water solubility of the gas generating agent is shown as the change of temperature in the figure 1.
The fracturing fluid is used for enhancing imbibition and improving the shale oil recovery ratio, and the process is as follows:
1) adding shale oil saturation into a corresponding shale plunger sample in a pressurizing and soaking mode to form a shale plunger sample of saturated oil, and determining the oil saturation by a nuclear magnetic resonance method;
2) preparing a fracturing fluid, weighing 100g of the fracturing fluid and a shale plunger sample of saturated shale oil, and loading the shale plunger sample and the shale plunger sample into an enhanced imbibition device together at normal temperature;
3) starting a seepage experiment, adjusting the enhanced seepage equipment to 120 ℃, 27.5MPa, keeping constant temperature and pressure, simulating a well shut-in process after fracturing construction, and recording the volume change of the solution;
4) the experiment was ended after 72 hours, confirming the final solution volume;
5) and (5) taking out the rock core, determining the change of oil saturation degree by the nuclear magnetic resonance method again, and calculating the final recovery ratio.
The temperature and solution volume of this example as a function of shut-in time is shown in figure 2.
After the treatment of enhanced imbibition by fracturing fluid, the shale oil recovery ratio is improved by 23 percent relative to water imbibition. Due to the consumption of water, the volume of the fracturing fluid is reduced by 8.97% after the shut-in is finished.
Claims (6)
1. The method for improving the shale oil recovery ratio and reducing the backflow of the fracturing fluid by integrating pressure flooding sequentially comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing a self-generated gas fracturing fluid, wherein the self-generated gas fracturing fluid is prepared by adding 2.5-77% of a gas generating agent and 0.05-0.1% of an antiscaling agent into a water-based fracturing fluid; the gas generating agent is a water-soluble compound capable of reacting with water to generate gas;
(2) carrying sand by using the autogenous gas fracturing fluid to perform fracturing construction;
(3) after the crack is formed, designing reaction time according to the temperature of a target layer and the reaction rate of a gas generating agent, closing a well, closing the well, soaking an oil reservoir, and fully infiltrating and absorbing the self-generated gas fracturing fluid on a crack expansion surface after the self-generated gas fracturing fluid completely reacts;
(4) and opening the well and flowback the residual fracturing fluid to start normal oil production.
2. The method for improving shale oil recovery and reducing fracturing fluid flowback by integrating pressure flooding and fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the fracturing construction mode is primary fracturing or repeated fracturing.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous-based fracturing fluid is a conventional aqueous-based fracturing fluid.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the conventional aqueous-based fracturing fluid comprises a viscosifier viscoelastic surfactant or carboxymethyl cellulose, a drag reducer polyacrylamide, a bactericide ammonium dodecyl dimethyl benzyl chloride, and water.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the gas generant is urea.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the scale inhibitor is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium polyacrylate, or a maleic-acrylic acid copolymer.
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| CN113389533B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-03-29 | 西南石油大学 | CO (carbon monoxide)2Integrated method for collecting, reservoir reforming and extracting crude oil |
| CN115012897B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-11-21 | 西南石油大学 | Method for improving shale oil recovery ratio |
| CN115977604B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-05-30 | 陕西中立合创能源科技有限责任公司 | Shale oil nano imbibition energy-increasing fracturing method |
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| CN103333670B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-11-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司 | A kind of for self generating gas system and using method thereof in the layer of plug removal in oil and water well energization |
| US8985212B1 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-03-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing compositions and methods of making and using same |
| CN103711467A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-09 | 东营盛世石油科技有限责任公司 | Formula for improving recovery ratio of authigenic CO2 |
| CN104790933A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 河南理工大学 | Coal seam gas-generating fracturing fluid and construction technology thereof |
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| CN108531160A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-14 | 西安石油大学 | Spontaneous energy type clean fracturing fluid of one kind and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110029977B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-12-07 | 西南石油大学 | Zero-flowback environment-friendly oxidation-imbibition method for improving recovery ratio of shale gas well fracturing fluid |
| CN111911122B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for unswept area of shale gas encrypted well |
| CN111100624B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-04-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Low-corrosion self-gas-generation energy-increasing fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
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