CN116143393A

CN116143393A - Laser cutting method for glass tube

Info

Publication number: CN116143393A
Application number: CN202310250032.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋仕彬; 李夏; 蒋立佳
Original assignee: Hangzhou Yinhu Laser Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Yinhu Laser Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-15
Filing date: 2023-03-15
Publication date: 2023-05-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting method of a glass tube, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: three laser beams are respectively provided, the transmission direction and the focusing point of the laser beams are controlled, so that the focusing points of the three laser beams respectively scan one third of the annular pipe wall of the glass pipe to be cut and cut the glass pipe wall, and the laser transverse cutting of the annular pipe wall of the whole glass pipe is realized through the combination of the scanning ranges of the three laser beams. According to the invention, the glass tube can be transversely cut by laser without moving or rotating the glass tube, so that the cutting precision can be well controlled, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

Description

Laser cutting method for glass tube

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laser processing method, in particular to a laser cutting method which is particularly suitable for processing a glass tube.

Background

The glass material has good physical and chemical properties of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, no leakage, no deterioration and the like, and the glass tube manufactured by taking glass as the material has wide application in laboratories and industrial production. For example, it can be used for chemical experiments, physical experiments, biological experiments, etc., and is suitable for various acid-base solution experiments. Glass tubing can be used to make tubing for transporting liquids, gases and solid materials. The glass tube is also a material for glass fiber and glass optical fiber, and can be used for material packaging and the like. Cutting the glass tube is an important process in the application process of the glass tube.

In the prior art, the cutting method of the glass tube comprises manual mechanical cutting, flame cutting, water cutting and laser cutting. The laser cutting can effectively improve the cutting yield, and is favorable for guaranteeing the cutting precision. For example, chinese patent No. CN112723733a discloses a laser cutting device for cutting glass tubes, which includes a laser, a bessel beam cutting head, a coaxial vision system, and a tooling mechanism, wherein the glass tubes are mounted on the tooling mechanism to perform position adjustment and autorotation so that the bessel beam cutting head performs rotary cutting on the glass tubes. This mode requires the rotation of the glass tube to be cut, and the cutting accuracy and efficiency are affected to some extent by the addition of mechanical moving and rotating parts, and the cutting may not be completed smoothly due to the deviation of the material itself from the ideal cylindrical shape.

Therefore, the control deviation caused by the mechanical movement is an important factor that the cutting accuracy of the glass tube is difficult to be improved. The cutting method which does not need to control the mechanical movement of the glass tube during cutting is sought, and has important significance for improving the cutting precision of the glass tube.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser cutting method of a glass tube, which is used for improving the laser cutting machining precision and efficiency of the glass tube.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the laser cutting method for glass tube includes providing three laser beams separately, controlling the transmission direction and focusing point of the laser beams, scanning the focusing points of the three laser beams separately for one third of the annular pipe wall of the glass tube to be cut and cutting the glass pipe wall, and combining the scanning ranges of the three laser beams to realize the laser transverse cutting of the annular pipe wall of the whole glass tube.

According to the preferred technical scheme, a vibrating mirror is used for controlling the deflection direction of the laser beam, so that the laser beam focusing point scans one third of the wall of the glass tube.

More preferably, the galvanometer is a three-dimensional galvanometer, and the focusing point of the laser beam is kept on the wall of the glass tube in the translation process through the control of the three-dimensional galvanometer.

According to the further technical scheme, a beam monitoring camera is adopted to shoot a beam focusing point, the position of the beam acting on the glass tube wall is confirmed, and position information is fed back to the galvanometer system so as to accurately adjust the position of the beam acting point. In general, if the shape of the glass tube is round and small in tolerance, the vibrating mirror is controlled only according to the set focusing point scanning path, but if the shape of the glass tube has a certain tolerance, the feedback control can be realized by setting the beam monitoring camera, and the scanning path is finely adjusted to optimize the laser processing quality.

In the technical scheme, the laser beam is generated by adopting an optical fiber laser, a solid laser or a carbon dioxide gas laser, and is focused by a field lens. The laser beam may be a pulsed laser or a continuous laser.

The method can be realized by a laser cutting device of a glass tube, the laser cutting device comprises a laser, a laser beam transmission and control light path and a glass tube clamping mechanism, three lasers are arranged, three groups of laser beam transmission and control light paths are respectively and correspondingly arranged, the three lasers are circumferentially distributed around the cross section of the glass tube, the laser beam transmission and control light path comprises a laser beam focusing mechanism and a laser beam direction deflection mechanism, the laser beam focusing mechanism focuses the laser beam at a cutting position of the glass tube, the laser beam direction deflection mechanism enables the laser beam to have deflection degree of freedom of scanning one third of the cross section of the glass tube, and the scanning range of the laser beams corresponding to the three lasers covers the whole circumference of the cross section of the glass tube.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, three laser beams are respectively provided, the change of the cutting position of the glass tube wall is realized by utilizing the deflection of the laser beams, and the focusing points of the three laser beams respectively scan one third of the annular tube wall of the glass tube to be cut, so that the whole annular tube wall is covered, and the laser transverse cutting of the glass tube can be realized without moving or rotating the glass tube.

2. Because there is no mechanical movement or rotation to the glass tube in the cutting process, the cutting precision can be well controlled, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an optical path structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a laser; 2. vibrating mirror; 3. a field lens; 4. a glass tube.

Description of the embodiments

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

embodiment one: referring to fig. 1, a glass tube laser cutting apparatus includes a glass tube holding mechanism (not shown) for holding and fixing a glass tube 4 to be cut. Around the glass tube 4 to be cut, three lasers 1 and corresponding three sets of laser beam transmission and control light paths are respectively arranged.

In each group of laser beam transmission and control light path, at least one vibrating mirror 2 and one field mirror 3 are arranged, the field mirror 3 is used for focusing the laser beam, the vibrating mirror 2 is a three-dimensional vibrating mirror and is used for controlling the transmission direction of the laser beam, so that the laser beam can deflect in a small range, and the focusing point of the laser beam is changed. By setting the position and scanning range of the vibrating mirror, the focusing point of the laser beam can move on the glass tube wall, and the focusing point of the laser beam is always kept on the glass tube wall in the plane moving process due to the adoption of the three-dimensional vibrating mirror.

Therefore, three lasers in the embodiment respectively provide three laser beams, the transmission direction and the focusing point of the laser beams are controlled, so that the focusing points of the three laser beams respectively scan one third of the annular pipe wall of the glass pipe to be cut and cut the glass pipe wall, and the laser transverse cutting of the annular pipe wall of the whole glass pipe is realized through the combination of the scanning ranges of the three laser beams.

The laser in this embodiment adopts three green light nanosecond pulse fiber lasers, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle, and the included angle of the outgoing light beams is 60 degrees. Three sets of vibrating mirrors and field mirrors are respectively adopted to control the emergent light beam of each laser. Each laser is only responsible for cutting one third of the wall of the circumference of the glass tube. The three lasers act together to realize high-precision and high-efficiency cutting of the glass tube.

In order to ensure the beam scanning, focusing and cutting effects, in this embodiment, a beam monitoring camera is provided, the beam monitoring camera shoots a beam focusing point, and the output of the beam monitoring camera is connected to a control system of a galvanometer for transmission, and feedback control is performed on the galvanometer to accurately adjust the position of a beam acting point. The beam monitoring camera may be configured with a green filter to reduce the intensity at which the too intense green laser light is displayed and to interfere with detection.

Claims

1. A laser cutting method of a glass tube is characterized in that: three laser beams are respectively provided, the transmission direction and the focusing point of the laser beams are controlled, so that the focusing points of the three laser beams respectively scan one third of the annular pipe wall of the glass pipe to be cut and cut the glass pipe wall, and the laser transverse cutting of the annular pipe wall of the whole glass pipe is realized through the combination of the scanning ranges of the three laser beams.

2. The laser cutting method of a glass tube according to claim 1, wherein: the deflection direction of the laser beam is controlled by adopting a vibrating mirror, so that the scanning of the focusing point of the laser beam on one third of the glass tube wall is realized.

3. The laser cutting method of a glass tube according to claim 2, wherein: the vibrating mirror is a three-dimensional vibrating mirror, and the focusing point of the laser beam is kept on the wall of the glass tube in the translation process through the control of the three-dimensional vibrating mirror.

4. A laser cutting method of a glass tube according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: and shooting a beam focusing point by using a beam monitoring camera, confirming the position of the beam acting on the glass tube wall, and feeding back the position information to the galvanometer system so as to accurately adjust the position of the beam acting point.

5. The laser cutting method of a glass tube according to claim 1, wherein: the laser beam is generated by adopting a fiber laser, a solid laser or a carbon dioxide gas laser, and is focused by a field lens.

6. The laser cutting method of a glass tube according to claim 1, wherein: the laser beam is pulse laser or continuous laser.