CN116140335A - Method for strengthening coal gangue weathering to soil by utilizing medium-low temperature waste heat - Google Patents
Method for strengthening coal gangue weathering to soil by utilizing medium-low temperature waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN116140335A CN116140335A CN202310090127.6A CN202310090127A CN116140335A CN 116140335 A CN116140335 A CN 116140335A CN 202310090127 A CN202310090127 A CN 202310090127A CN 116140335 A CN116140335 A CN 116140335A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001748 carbonate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/40—Clays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for strengthening coal gangue weathering into soil by using medium-low temperature waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The method is realized by the following steps: (1) Introducing hot water into the gangue pile or leaching at natural water temperature, baking with flue gas, and dissolving and reconstructing silicate minerals, wherein the gangue mineral particles absorb water and expand under heating; (2) Standing the coal gangue after hot water treatment, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing vulcanized minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces; (3) Repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, and reconstructing the particle size of the gangue; (4) The content of fine sand in the gangue is improved, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed. The method utilizes the medium-low temperature waste heat which is difficult to be utilized by coal production enterprises to promote the pulverization and weakening of the coal gangue, accelerates the weathering of the coal gangue into soil, and realizes the recycling of the coal gangue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for strengthening coal gangue weathering into soil by using medium-low temperature waste heat.
Background
A large amount of gangue is discharged in the coal production process, the traditional treatment method is stockpiling and building material production, the problems of small occupied land and small digestion capacity exist, and a new way for recycling the gangue is urgently needed to be expanded. Silicate minerals, clay minerals, sulfide minerals and weathered products thereof are main components of the gangue and also are main components of soil, so the gangue has a mineralogical basis for weathered soil, the disturbance of the environment to the gangue is enhanced, the weathered progress is accelerated, the large-scale consumption of the gangue storage amount is facilitated, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced.
A large amount of medium-low temperature waste heat (50-300 ℃) is difficult to utilize in coal production enterprises, and the waste heat is used for mineral weathering to be beneficial to strengthening dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of coal gangue, so that coal gangue is promoted to be pulverized and weakened, medium fine sand is formed, and the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity of a treated product is enhanced, so that the waste heat is suitable for plant settlement.
The patent with application number of CN202110340511.8 discloses a dry-wet cycle soil sample disintegration evolution law tester and a testing method, and the method belongs to the field of soil detection, has small digestion capability, and is characterized in that a treated object is a soil sample, and the method is obviously different from the method.
The patent application No. CN201911180273.8 discloses a simulation device for weathering oxidation of sulphide minerals under dry-wet alternating conditions, which is a mineral mixture with small digestion capacity and high sulfur content.
The patent with application number of CN201310631993.8 discloses a sand improvement method suitable for areas with high wind erosion and water erosion, which has complex process, needs more exogenous substances to be added, and has higher actual operation difficulty.
Patent application number CN202210718617.1 discloses a test device and a test method for simulating a dry-wet cycle process of a rock-soil sample in a natural environment, wherein the test device is difficult to use in the field of solid waste treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the treatment of coal gangue and the difficulty in recycling low-temperature waste heat in coal production enterprises, the invention provides a method for strengthening the weathering of the coal gangue into soil by using the low-temperature waste heat.
The principle of the invention:
the gangue belongs to sedimentary rock, the main minerals are silicate minerals, clay minerals, sulfide minerals and weathered products thereof, the main minerals are similar to the main composition of soil, the main difficulty in ecological utilization is that the particle size is too large and soil moisture and fertilizer storage are difficult to preserve, so that the dissolution and reconstruction of the gangue minerals are enhanced, and the fine sand content is improved as a precondition for the soil formation.
Step 1: under leaching condition, silicate mineral (feldspar, mica) contains K between layers + 、Ca 2+ The metal cations are dissolved out and converted into clay minerals, and the particle size is reduced; clay minerals (illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and the like) absorb water and expand when heated, mineral particles generate cracks, fresh crystal faces are generated to enable the reaction to be continuous, the strength of the particles is reduced, and the particles are easy to pulverize;
step 2: as moisture is drained, oxygen contacts the vulcanized minerals through mineral gaps or cracks to form sulfate radicals, the volume is increased, the development of mineral particle cracks is promoted, and meanwhile, the sulfate radicals are favorable for the formation of secondary mineral gels such as polymeric ferric sulfate, aluminum and the like so as to enhance particle agglomeration and air permeability; as the moisture decreases and the temperature decreases, the mineral particles shrink;
step 3: the dry-wet and cold-hot circulation treatment of the gangue, the micro cracks gradually develop into large cracks or sections, minerals are continuously dissolved out and reconstructed, crushing occurs, the content of sticky fine sand is increased, and the moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity of the gangue is enhanced.
Step 4: the clay fine sand obviously influences the water retention rate of the coal gangue, and the water retention rate is more than 10%, namely, the clay fine sand preliminarily has plant growth conditions.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) Introducing hot water into the gangue pile or leaching at natural water temperature, baking with flue gas, absorbing water by gangue mineral particles, absorbing heat, expanding, dissolving out and reconstructing silicate minerals;
(2) Standing the coal gangue after hot water treatment, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing vulcanized minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces;
(3) Repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, wherein the strength of the mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs;
(4) The fine sand content of the gangue is increased by 5-20%, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed.
Preferably, in the step (1), the flue gas roasting is carried out on the coal gangue pile by using medium-low temperature flue gas at 50-300 ℃.
Preferably, the invention carries out dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation on the coal gangue pile, wherein when the cold and the hot alternate, the temperature difference of the coal gangue is between 30 and 270 ℃, and further the temperature difference of the coal gangue is between 20 and 300 ℃; the leaching time of the coal gangue is 4-72 h, and the leaching time of the coal gangue is 12-72 h; the standing and draining time is 24-48 h, the circulation times are 10-100 times, and the further circulation times are 30-50 times.
Preferably, the alternate cycle of drying, wetting and cold and hot of the gangue pile is that hot water is leached and then drained and cooled.
Preferably, the dry and wet coal gangue pile and the cold and hot coal gangue are alternately circulated, namely, the coal gangue is heated by high-temperature flue gas after natural environment water leaching, if the coal gangue is heated by the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is 100-300 ℃, and the flue gas heating time is 12-36 hours.
Preferably, the main minerals of the gangue are silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, the sum of the three contents is more than 60%, and the quartz content is less than 35%.
Preferably, the paving thickness of the gangue pile is 5-50 cm, and further, the paving thickness is 5-30 cm; the particle size of the coal gangue is smaller than 40mm, and further, the particle size of the coal gangue is smaller than 30mm.
Preferably, the water addition amount in the step (1) is such that the solid-to-liquid ratio of leaching water to coal gangue is 0.1-5: 1, and the solid-liquid ratio of leaching water and coal gangue is 0.5-2: 1.
preferably, the fine sand is coal gangue particles with the particle size less than or equal to 2 mm.
Preferably, an increase of more than 10% in the fine sand content is considered to be the completion of the treatment.
Compared with the related art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention can treat coal gangue in large batch, sustainable and low cost.
(2) The invention effectively utilizes the medium-low temperature waste heat which is difficult to be utilized by coal production enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the mechanism of the coal gangue forced weathering of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but is not limited in any way, by the following examples, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teachings of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
(1) Hot water is introduced into the gangue pile, wherein the hot water is boiling water, the gangue mineral particles absorb water and absorb heat to expand, and silicate minerals are dissolved and reconstructed; the main minerals of the gangue are silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, the sum of the three contents is 65%, and the quartz content is lower than 35%. The paving thickness of the coal gangue pile is 5cm; the particle size of the gangue is smaller than 40mm. The water addition quantity is that the solid-to-liquid ratio of leaching water and coal gangue is 5:1.
(2) Standing the coal gangue after hot water treatment, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing vulcanized minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces;
the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is realized, wherein the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is realized by leaching hot water, draining and cooling, and the temperature difference of the cold-hot alternate coal gangue is about 80 ℃; adding water into the coal gangue to carry out leaching for 24 hours; standing and draining for 24 hours, and circulating times are 20 times.
(3) And (2) repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, wherein the strength of the mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs.
(4) The content of fine sand in the gangue is improved, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed.
Example 2:
(1) Hot water is introduced into the gangue pile, wherein the hot water is boiling water, the gangue mineral particles absorb water and absorb heat to expand, and silicate minerals are dissolved and reconstructed; preferably, the main minerals of the gangue are silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, the sum of the three contents is 70%, and the quartz content is lower than 35%. The paving thickness of the coal gangue pile is 30cm; the particle size of the gangue is less than 30mm. The water addition amount is that the solid-to-liquid ratio of leaching water and coal gangue is 2:1.
(2) Standing the coal gangue after hot water treatment, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing vulcanized minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces;
the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is realized, wherein the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is realized by leaching with hot water, draining and cooling, and the temperature difference of the cold-hot alternate coal gangue is about 75 ℃; adding water into the coal gangue to carry out leaching for 60 hours; standing and draining for 48h, and circulating times for 50 times.
(3) And (2) repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, wherein the strength of the mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs.
(4) The content of fine sand in the gangue is improved, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed.
Example 3:
(1) Leaching the gangue pile with tap water, baking with flue gas, absorbing water by gangue mineral particles, absorbing heat, expanding, dissolving out silicate minerals and reconstructing; and flue gas baking is carried out on the gangue pile by using medium-low temperature flue gas at 50-300 ℃. The main minerals of the gangue are silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, the sum of the three contents is more than 60%, and the quartz content is less than 35%. The paving thickness of the coal gangue pile is 25cm; the particle size of the gangue is less than 35mm. The solid-liquid ratio of leaching water to coal gangue is 0.5:1.
(2) Standing the treated gangue, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing sulfide minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces;
the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile occurs, the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is that after natural environment water leaching, the coal gangue is heated by high-temperature flue gas, the flue gas is used for heating, and the flue gas heating time is 12 hours. The temperature difference of the gangue is about 250 ℃ in the treatment process; adding water into the coal gangue to carry out leaching for 4 hours; standing and draining for 24 hours, and circulating times are 20 times.
(3) And (2) repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, wherein the strength of the mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs.
(4) The content of fine sand in the gangue is increased by 15%, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed.
Example 4:
(1) Leaching the gangue pile with tap water, baking with flue gas, absorbing water by gangue mineral particles, absorbing heat, expanding, dissolving out silicate minerals and reconstructing; and flue gas baking is carried out on the gangue pile by using medium-low temperature flue gas at 100-300 ℃. The main minerals of the gangue are silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, the sum of the three contents is more than 60%, and the quartz content is less than 35%. The paving thickness of the coal gangue pile is 30cm; the particle size of the gangue is smaller than 20mm. The water addition quantity is that the solid-to-liquid ratio of leaching water and coal gangue is 1:1.
(2) Standing the coal gangue after hot water treatment, discharging water, cooling, allowing oxygen to enter mineral gaps, dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, oxidizing vulcanized minerals, and crushing the particles to expose activated crystal faces;
the dry-wet and cold-hot alternate circulation of the coal gangue pile is that the coal gangue pile is heated by high-temperature flue gas after natural environment water leaching, and the flue gas heating time is 36h. The temperature difference of the gangue is 30-270 ℃ in the treatment process; adding water into the coal gangue to carry out leaching for 12 hours; standing and draining for 24 hours, and circulating times are 40 times.
(3) And (2) repeating the steps 1 and 2 until the mineral particles are pulverized and weakened, wherein the strength of the mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs.
(4) The fine sand content of the gangue is increased by 20%, the soil moisture conservation and fertilizer storage capacity is enhanced, and the treatment is completed.
Example 5: (heating water/loss of coolant)
(1) Leaching the coal gangue by using hot water at 60 ℃ for 8 hours, wherein the temperature of the coal gangue is increased to 55 ℃, the ambient temperature is 16 ℃, and the temperature difference is 39 ℃; the thickness of the gangue pile is 35cm, and the solid-liquid ratio of the leaching solution to the gangue is 1:1, a step of; the content of silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals in the gangue is 87%, and the particle size of the mixture particles is mainly 10-25 mm; in the leaching state, clay minerals such as illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and the like contained in the particles expand by 5-20% in volume, cracks occur at the junctions of different minerals, and a fresh interface is generated; metal cations such as feldspar and mica are dissolved out and converted into clay minerals.
(2) The gangue stands for 24 hours, water leaches out, the temperature is reduced to about 16 ℃, clay minerals are dehydrated, cooled and contracted, illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and the like are damaged due to expansion and contraction, cracks appear on the surface, oxygen passes through mineral gaps and cracks and contacts with vulcanized minerals to form Fe 3+ 、Al 3+ And sulfate radicals.
(3) After 45 times of cyclic treatment, the intensity of the gangue is obviously reduced, the primary silicate mineral is largely converted into the secondary clay mineral, and the pulverized fine sand is agglomerated again.
(4) The content of the sticky grain fine sand in the gangue is increased by 12 percent and reaches 16 percent, the water holding rate is 14 percent, the treatment is completed, and the mine reclamation pioneer plants such as ryegrass, alfalfa and the like can grow normally.
TABLE 1 variation of particle size and Water holdup of gangue particles before and after Hot Water leaching treatment
Example 6: (Natural Water temperature leaching/flue gas heating and drying)
(1) Leaching the coal gangue by using natural water temperature of 15 ℃, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of leaching solution to the coal gangue is 3:1, the time is 12 hours, the thickness of the coal gangue pile is 30cm, the contents of silicate minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals in the coal gangue are 74%, and the particle size of the mixture particles is mainly 5-30 mm; in the leaching state, clay minerals such as illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and the like contained in the particles expand by 5-20% in volume, cracks occur at the junctions of different minerals, and a fresh interface is generated; metal cations such as feldspar and mica are dissolved out and converted into clay minerals.
(2) The gangue is kept stand for 24 hours, water is leached out, the gangue is heated and dried by using flue gas at 180 ℃, the baking time is 24 hours, the temperature difference of cold and hot of the gangue is 165 ℃, and the gangue is circulated. The clay mineral is rapidly dehydrated and contracted, and the illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and the like are damaged due to expansion and contraction, so that cracks appear on the surface, oxygen passes through mineral gaps and cracks and contacts with vulcanized minerals to form Fe 3+ 、Al 3+ And sulfate radicals.
(3) After 55 times of cyclic treatment, the intensity of the gangue is obviously reduced, the primary silicate mineral is largely converted into the secondary clay mineral, and the pulverized fine sand is agglomerated again.
(4) The content of the sticky fine sand in the gangue is increased by 18 percent and reaches 29 percent, the water holding rate is 24.3 percent, the treatment is finished, and the mine reclamation pioneer plants such as ryegrass, alfalfa and the like can grow normally.
TABLE 2 variation of gangue particle size and Water holdup before and after drying by natural leaching and flue gas addition
Claims (8)
1. A method for strengthening the weathering of coal gangue into soil by utilizing medium-low temperature waste heat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding water into the gangue pile and heating to enable the gangue mineral particles to absorb water and absorb heat to expand, and dissolving silicate minerals;
(2) Standing, draining and cooling the coal gangue treated in the step (1), dehydrating, cooling and shrinking mineral particles, enabling oxygen to enter mineral gaps, and oxidizing vulcanized minerals;
(3) Repeating the steps (1) and (2), wherein the strength of mineral particles is reduced under the alternate dry-wet and cold-hot treatment, and the mineral is dissolved and reconstructed to form clay mineral and iron and sulfur flocs; and (5) increasing the fine sand content in the coal gangue by 5-20%, and finishing the treatment.
2. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium-low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the heating in the step (1) is to heat the coal gangue pile by using the medium-low temperature flue gas with the temperature of 50-300 ℃.
3. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium-low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal gangue pile is subjected to alternate dry-wet and cold-hot circulation, wherein the temperature difference of the coal gangue is 20-300 ℃ when the cold and the hot are alternate; the leaching time of the coal gangue in water is 4-72 h, the standing leaching time is 12-48 h, and the cycle times are 10-100.
4. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium-low temperature waste heat according to claim 2, wherein the alternate circulation of dry and wet and cold and hot of the coal gangue pile can be draining and cooling after leaching by hot water, or can be heating the coal gangue by using high-temperature flue gas after leaching by natural environment water, if the flue gas is used for heating, the flue gas temperature is 100-300 ℃ and the flue gas heating time is 12-36 h.
5. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium and low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the contents of silicate mineral, clay mineral and carbonate mineral in the coal gangue is more than 60%, and the quartz content is less than 35%.
6. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium-low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coal gangue pile laid in the step (1) is 5-50 cm, and the particle size of the coal gangue is less than 40mm.
7. The method for reinforcing the weathering of the coal gangue into the soil by using the medium-low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, wherein the water addition amount in the step (1) is such that the solid-liquid ratio of leaching water to the coal gangue is 0.1-5: 1.
8. the method for reinforcing the weathering of coal gangue into soil by using medium and low temperature waste heat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine sand in the step (3) is coal gangue particles with the particle size less than or equal to 2 mm.
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