CN116135045A - Processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads - Google Patents
Processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads Download PDFInfo
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- CN116135045A CN116135045A CN202310325269.6A CN202310325269A CN116135045A CN 116135045 A CN116135045 A CN 116135045A CN 202310325269 A CN202310325269 A CN 202310325269A CN 116135045 A CN116135045 A CN 116135045A
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- hide gelatin
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- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-bis[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butane-1,4-diol;(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O.C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C[C@@H](CO)[C@H](CO)CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical group CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of donkey-hide gelatin deep processing, and particularly discloses a processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads, which comprises the following steps: s1, perforating and dicing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks, dispersing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks until the donkey-hide gelatin blocks are not contacted with each other, heating to 110-120 ℃ to soften the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly spreading L-glutamine on the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, rolling the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly mixing, and sieving to obtain the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin blocks; s2, uniformly spraying flaxseed gum solution on the surface of the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spraying flaxseed powder, and drying to obtain semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin; s3, adding fried donkey-hide gelatin into the semi-finished product diced donkey-hide gelatin, frying at 95-105 ℃ and sieving to obtain finished donkey-hide gelatin beads; shortens the melting time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of donkey-hide gelatin deep processing, in particular to a processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads.
Background
The donkey-hide gelatin beads are generally prepared by cutting donkey-hide gelatin into small pieces, then mixing the small pieces with clam powder, and stir-frying the small pieces to prepare bead-shaped particles, so that the viscosity and greasiness of the donkey-hide gelatin are reduced, the stomach burden is reduced, the donkey-hide gelatin beads have the effects of nourishing yin and moistening lung, and meanwhile, the bad smell of the donkey-hide gelatin is covered; the prepared donkey-hide gelatin beads can be directly taken orally, or decocted, melted, taken with water and steamed.
However, it takes 1-3 hours for the donkey-hide gelatin to be decocted, melted, and steamed with water, so how to shorten the melting time of donkey-hide gelatin is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to shorten the melting time of donkey-hide gelatin beads, the application provides a processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads.
The processing technology of the donkey-hide gelatin beads provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads comprises the following steps:
s1, perforating and dicing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks, dispersing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks until the donkey-hide gelatin blocks are not contacted with each other, heating to 110-120 ℃ to soften the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly spreading L-glutamine on the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, rolling the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly mixing, and sieving to obtain the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin blocks;
s2, uniformly spraying flaxseed gum solution on the surface of the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spraying flaxseed powder, and drying to obtain semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin;
s3, adding fried donkey-hide gelatin powder into the semi-finished product diced donkey-hide gelatin, frying at 95-105 ℃ and sieving to obtain the finished product diced donkey-hide gelatin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the L-glutamine, the flaxseed gum solution, the flaxseed powder and the stir-fried powder are loaded on the surface and in the pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin, the L-glutamine can enter the donkey-hide gelatin by utilizing the Ding Kongxi structure of the donkey-hide gelatin, and the L-glutamine can be adhered to the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin by matching with the viscosity of the softened surface of the donkey-hide gelatin; then under the action of the viscous film coating of the flaxseed gum solution, the flaxseed powder is not only adhered to the surface of the L-glutamine, but also coated with the L-glutamine to be adhered to the inside of the donkey-hide gelatin; when the donkey-hide gelatin beads are boiled or soaked in water for dissolution, the water absorption of the linseed powder and the linseed gum is utilized to quickly promote the water to reach the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin beads and the internal pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, and the water absorption solubility of the L-glutamine in the internal pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is matched, so that the quick dissolution of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is further promoted, the boiling or soaking time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads before taking is shortened, and the donkey-hide gelatin beads are convenient for a user to eat quickly, thereby improving the production economic benefit of enterprises.
The linseed powder and the L-glutamine are matched, and the water absorption expansibility of the linseed powder is utilized in the boiling process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, so that the adjacent donkey-hide gelatin cubes can be blocked from being bonded, and the donkey-hide gelatin beads are prevented from being deformed in the forming process as much as possible; and as the film layer formed by the flaxseed gum solution is gradually broken, the gradual water dissolution of the L-glutamine gradually releases the positive charge of the amide base band in the cooking liquid, the adjacent donkey-hide gelatin cubes are not easy to adhere by utilizing the mutual exclusion effect of the positive charges, and the donkey-hide gelatin cubes are ensured to be uniformly dispersed in the cooking liquid, so that the donkey-hide gelatin beads are not easy to generate sticky taste while the quality of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is improved.
Preferably, the flaxseed gum solution is prepared by the following method:
weighing flaxseed gum, and stirring to dissolve in water to obtain flaxseed gum solution with concentration of 0.2-1%; and then adding chitosan coated linseed oil, wherein the weight ratio of the linseed gum solution to the chitosan coated linseed oil is 1:0.1-0.25, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished linseed gum solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concentration of the linseed glue is proper, in the preparation of the donkey-hide gelatin Ding Guocheng, the linseed powder can be adhered to the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin, and when the donkey-hide gelatin beads are boiled, the phenomenon of over-adhesion of the boiling liquid can not be caused to influence the viscosity of the donkey-hide gelatin beads after dissolution; in the cooking process, chitosan in the chitosan coated linseed oil has positive charges, and L-glutamine has positive charges, so that the dispersion of the donkey-hide gelatin is further promoted, the uniform dissolution of the donkey-hide gelatin is promoted, and the dissolution time is shortened; meanwhile, the chitosan coated linseed oil has the lubrication effect along with the damage of the chitosan film, so that the viscosity of the dissolved donkey-hide gelatin beads can be further reduced, the finished donkey-hide gelatin beads are ensured to have good taste after being boiled, and the problem of sticky and greasy is not easy to occur.
Preferably, the chitosan coated linseed oil is prepared by the following method:
dissolving chitosan to obtain chitosan solution with concentration of 1-2%; adding an emulsifying agent and distilled water into linseed oil, wherein the weight ratio of the linseed oil to the emulsifying agent to the distilled water is 1:0.2-0.35:4-10, and carrying out an emulsification reaction to obtain emulsion; gradually dropwise adding chitosan solution into emulsion according to the weight ratio of 4-7:1, stirring uniformly, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust pH to 5.5-6.5, adding glutaraldehyde, performing crosslinking reaction, and performing spray drying to obtain the finished product.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the capsule that chitosan formed can be destroyed gradually in the boiling process to release flaxseed oil gradually, and flaxseed oil has better lubricity, can reduce the sticky greasy sense after the donkey-hide gelatin pearl is boiled, and balances the viscidity of flaxseed gum, makes the donkey-hide gelatin pearl of finished product have better quality and steady state.
Preferably, the emulsifier is span 80 with a concentration of 1-2%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the linseed oil is emulsified by the emulsifier, so that the form of oil-in-water is formed, and the chitosan is convenient for coating the linseed oil.
Preferably, the flax seed powder is prepared by the following method:
weighing commercially available flaxseed powder, dispersing and stirring in ammonium bicarbonate solution, and lyophilizing to obtain flaxseed powder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, flax seed powder, ammonium bicarbonate solution, freeze drying cooperate, utilize the porous hydroscopicity of flax seed powder, in the ammonium bicarbonate solution of being convenient for gets into flax seed powder internal pore, along with freeze drying's operation, the moisture in the ammonium bicarbonate is lost gradually, and the ammonium bicarbonate remains in the flax seed powder.
In the frying process of the semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin, ammonium bicarbonate is heated and decomposed gradually to be released, and the ammonium bicarbonate is basically completely decomposed along with the frying treatment, and the ammonium bicarbonate can be used as a food additive in foods, so that the food additive does not harm human bodies even if slightly preserved; along with the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate, the porosity of the internal structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is further increased, and the internal pores of the linseed powder are vacated, so that a circulation path and a storage space are provided for the rapid permeation of moisture in the cooking process, thereby promoting the rapid dissolution of the donkey-hide gelatin beads and improving the cooking efficiency of the donkey-hide gelatin beads.
Preferably, the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 10-15% ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution by mass fraction.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is limited, and the internal structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is ensured to have better porosity.
Preferably, the stir-fried flour is composed of clam flour and flaxseed flour in a weight ratio of 1:0.1-0.3.
By adopting the technical scheme, the clam powder and the flaxseed powder are matched, even if the flaxseed powder attached to the surface of the diced donkey-hide gelatin breaks away from the surface of the diced donkey-hide gelatin, the fried flour can be filled on the surface of the diced donkey-hide gelatin, so that the diced donkey-hide gelatin is uniformly coated, and the sticky and greasy property of the donkey-hide gelatin is reduced.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent pores perforated on the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin block is 1-2mm, and the pore diameter is 0.5-1mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aperture and the distance between adjacent apertures are limited, so that the donkey-hide gelatin can be ensured to be contacted with moisture rapidly in the boiling process, the dissolution rate of the donkey-hide gelatin is improved, and the dissolution time of donkey-hide gelatin beads is shortened.
Preferably, the L-glutamine has a particle size of 60-100 mesh.
By adopting the technical scheme, the L-glutamine can conveniently enter the internal pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin, and when the donkey-hide gelatin beads are soaked in water or boiled, the water can be promoted to quickly enter the donkey-hide gelatin, and the dissolving time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads can be shortened.
Preferably, the stir-fried flour has a particle size of 80-120 meshes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the particle size of the fried flour is limited, so that the fried flour is convenient to fill pores among the flaxseed flour on the surface of the diced donkey-hide gelatin, the cladding density of the diced donkey-hide gelatin is improved, and the viscosity of the donkey-hide gelatin is reduced.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the L-glutamine, the flaxseed gum, the flaxseed powder and the fried powder are adhered to the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin, water absorption of the flaxseed powder and the flaxseed gum is utilized to quickly promote water to reach the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin beads and the internal pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, and the water absorption solubility of the L-glutamine in the internal pore structure of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is matched to further promote quick dissolution of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, so that boiling or water soaking time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads before taking is shortened, quick eating by a user is facilitated, and production economic benefits of enterprises are improved.
2. The coating formed by chitosan can gradually disappear in the cooking process, so that the linseed oil is gradually released, the linseed oil has better lubricity, the sticky feel of the boiled donkey-hide gelatin beads can be reduced, the viscosity of the linseed gelatin is balanced, and the finished donkey-hide gelatin beads have better quality and stable state.
3. Linseed powder, ammonium bicarbonate solution, freeze drying cooperate, and in semi-manufactured donkey-hide gelatin dice frying process, ammonium bicarbonate is heated to decompose and produce gas, further increases donkey-hide gelatin pearl inner structure porosity to vacate Linseed powder inner pore, for the boiling in-process, the quick infiltration of moisture provides the circulation path storage space, thereby improves the boiling efficiency of donkey-hide gelatin pearl.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The following raw materials are food-grade raw materials.
Preparation example of chitosan coated linseed oil
Preparation example 1: the chitosan coated linseed oil is prepared by the following method:
placing chitosan into dilute acetic acid with the concentration of 2 percent, stirring and dissolving to prepare chitosan solution with the concentration of 1.5 percent; adding 0.3kg of emulsifying agent and 7.7kg of distilled water into 1kg of linseed oil, wherein the emulsifying agent is span 80 with the concentration of 1%, and carrying out emulsification reaction for 1h under the conditions of the temperature of 50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 3000r/min to prepare emulsion; gradually dropwise adding 5kg of chitosan solution into 1kg of emulsion, uniformly stirring, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.0, wherein the sodium hydroxide solution is 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and reacting for 40min at 45 ℃; and adding 0.5kg of glutaraldehyde, stirring and crosslinking for 2 hours, and then performing spray drying to obtain a finished product.
Preparation example 2: the chitosan coated linseed oil is prepared by the following method:
placing chitosan into dilute acetic acid with the concentration of 2% to be stirred and dissolved to prepare chitosan solution with the concentration of 1%; adding 0.2kg of emulsifying agent and 4kg of distilled water into 1kg of linseed oil, wherein the emulsifying agent is span 80 with the concentration of 1%, and carrying out emulsification reaction for 1h under the conditions of the temperature of 50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 3000r/min to prepare emulsion; gradually dropwise adding 4kg of chitosan solution into 1kg of emulsion, uniformly stirring, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 5.5, wherein the sodium hydroxide solution is 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and reacting for 40min at 45 ℃; and adding 0.2kg of glutaraldehyde, stirring and crosslinking for 2 hours, and then performing spray drying to obtain a finished product.
Preparation example 3: the chitosan coated linseed oil is prepared by the following method:
placing chitosan into dilute acetic acid with the concentration of 2 percent, stirring and dissolving to prepare chitosan solution with the concentration of 2 percent; adding 0.35kg of emulsifying agent and 10kg of distilled water into 1kg of linseed oil, wherein the emulsifying agent is span 80 with the concentration of 2%, and carrying out emulsification reaction for 1h under the conditions of the temperature of 50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 3000r/min to prepare emulsion; gradually dropwise adding 7kg of chitosan solution into 1kg of emulsion, uniformly stirring, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.5, wherein the sodium hydroxide solution is 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and reacting for 40min at 45 ℃; and adding 0.8kg of glutaraldehyde, stirring and crosslinking for 2 hours, and then performing spray drying to obtain a finished product.
Preparation example of flaxseed gum solution
Preparation example 4: the flaxseed gum solution is prepared by the following method:
weighing flaxseed gum, and stirring to dissolve in water to obtain flaxseed gum solution with concentration of 1%; then adding 0.16kg of chitosan coated linseed oil prepared in preparation example 1 into 1kg of linseed gum solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product linseed gum solution.
Preparation example 5: the flaxseed gum solution is prepared by the following method:
weighing flaxseed gum, and stirring to dissolve in water to obtain flaxseed gum solution with concentration of 0.2%; then adding 0.1kg of chitosan coated linseed oil prepared in preparation example 2 into 1kg of linseed gum solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product linseed gum solution.
Preparation example 6: the flaxseed gum solution is prepared by the following method:
weighing flaxseed gum, and stirring to dissolve in water to obtain flaxseed gum solution with concentration of 2%; then adding 0.25kg of chitosan coated linseed oil prepared in preparation example 3 into 1kg of linseed gum solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product linseed gum solution.
Preparation example of Linseed powder
Preparation example 7: the flaxseed powder is prepared by the following method:
weighing 1kg of commercial flaxseed powder, dispersing and stirring in 5kg of ammonium bicarbonate solution, wherein the particle size of the commercial flaxseed powder is 60 meshes, the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 12% ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, and then performing freeze drying treatment to obtain the finished product flaxseed powder.
Preparation example 8: the flaxseed powder is prepared by the following method:
weighing 1kg of commercial flaxseed powder, dispersing and stirring in 5kg of ammonium bicarbonate solution, wherein the particle size of the commercial flaxseed powder is 60 meshes, the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 10% ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, and then performing freeze drying treatment to obtain the finished product flaxseed powder.
Preparation example 9: the flaxseed powder is prepared by the following method:
1kg of commercial flaxseed powder is weighed and placed in 5kg of ammonium bicarbonate solution for dispersion stirring, the grain diameter of the commercial flaxseed powder is 60 meshes, the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 15% ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, and then the finished product flaxseed powder is prepared through freeze drying treatment.
Examples
Example 1: a processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads comprises the following steps:
s1, puncturing an donkey-hide gelatin block by using a needle plate, wherein the diameter of a needle on the needle plate is 1mm, the distance between adjacent needles is 2mm, one side of the donkey-hide gelatin block is penetrated by the needle, and then dicing to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks, wherein the donkey-hide gelatin Ding Checun is 0.8cm multiplied by 0.8cm; dispersing the diced donkey-hide gelatin until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is not contacted with each other, heating to 115 ℃ to soften the surface of the diced donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spreading 2-kgL-glutamine on the surface of 1kg of diced donkey-hide gelatin, rolling the diced donkey-hide gelatin, spreading 2kg of L-glutamine, uniformly mixing the diced donkey-hide gelatin and the L-glutamine, and sieving to obtain the diced donkey-hide gelatin carrying powder;
s2, uniformly spraying 0.35kg of flaxseed gum solution prepared in preparation example 4 on the surface of 1kg of powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, basically covering pores with the flaxseed gum solution, uniformly spraying 0.5kg of flaxseed powder prepared in preparation example 7, drying, screening to remove floating powder, and preparing a semi-finished product of donkey-hide gelatin;
s3, adding 80kg of fried flour into 100kg of semi-finished diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the grain size of the fried flour is 100 meshes, the fried flour consists of clam flour and flaxseed flour with the weight ratio of 1:0.2, frying at 100 ℃ until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is completely swelled, frying at 70 ℃ for 4min, continuously frying at 70 ℃ for 4min with fire, and sieving to obtain the finished donkey-hide gelatin beads with the grain size of 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm.
Example 2: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
s1, puncturing an donkey-hide gelatin block by using a needle plate, wherein the diameter of a needle on the needle plate is 0.5mm, the distance between adjacent needles is 1mm, one side of the donkey-hide gelatin block is penetrated by the needle, and then dicing to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks; dispersing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks until the donkey-hide gelatin blocks are not contacted with each other, heating to 110 ℃ to soften the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly spreading 2-kgL-glutamine on the surfaces of 1kg of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, rolling the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, spreading 2kg of L-glutamine, uniformly mixing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks with the L-glutamine, sieving the mixture, and obtaining the donkey-hide gelatin blocks carrying powder, wherein the particle size of the L-glutamine is 60 meshes;
s2, uniformly spraying 0.35kg of flaxseed gum solution prepared in preparation example 5 on the surface of 1kg of powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spraying 0.5kg of flaxseed powder prepared in preparation example 8, drying, screening to remove floating powder, and obtaining semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin;
s3, adding 80kg of fried flour into 100kg of semi-finished diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the particle size of the fried flour is 80 meshes, the fried flour consists of clam flour and flaxseed flour with the weight ratio of 1:0.1, frying at 95 ℃ until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is completely swelled, frying at 70 ℃ for 4min, continuously frying at off fire for 4min, and sieving to obtain the finished diced donkey-hide gelatin.
Example 3: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
s1, puncturing an donkey-hide gelatin block by using a needle plate, wherein the diameter of a needle on the needle plate is 0.5mm, the distance between adjacent needles is 2mm, one side of the donkey-hide gelatin block is penetrated by the needle, and then dicing to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks; dispersing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks until the donkey-hide gelatin blocks are not contacted with each other, heating to 120 ℃ to soften the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly spreading 2-kgL-glutamine on the surfaces of 1kg of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, rolling the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, spreading 2kg of L-glutamine, uniformly mixing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks with the L-glutamine, sieving, and obtaining the donkey-hide gelatin blocks carrying powder, wherein the particle size of the L-glutamine is 100 meshes;
s2, uniformly spraying 0.35kg of flaxseed gum solution prepared in preparation example 6 on the surface of 1kg of powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spraying 0.5kg of flaxseed powder prepared in preparation example 9, drying, screening to remove floating powder, and obtaining semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin;
s3, adding 80kg of fried flour into 100kg of semi-finished diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the grain size of the fried flour is 120 meshes, the fried flour consists of clam flour and flaxseed flour with the weight ratio of 1:0.3, frying at 105 ℃ until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is completely swelled, frying at 70 ℃ for 4min, continuously frying at off fire for 4min, and sieving to obtain the finished diced donkey-hide gelatin.
Example 4: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the chitosan coated linseed oil is not added into the linseed glue solution raw material.
Example 5: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the gelatin coated linseed oil with the same quality is used for replacing chitosan coated linseed oil in the linseed glue solution; the preparation process of the gelatin coated linseed oil comprises the following steps: placing gelatin in 65 ℃ water, stirring and dissolving to obtain gelatin solution with the concentration of 1.5%; adding 0.3kg of emulsifying agent and 7.7kg of distilled water into 1kg of linseed oil, wherein the emulsifying agent is span 80, and carrying out emulsification reaction for 1h under the conditions of 50 ℃ and stirring speed of 3000r/min to prepare emulsion; gradually dropwise adding 5kg of gelatin solution into 1kg of emulsion, uniformly stirring, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.0, wherein the sodium hydroxide solution is 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and reacting for 30min at 60 ℃; and adding 0.5kg of glutaraldehyde, stirring and crosslinking for 2 hours, and then performing spray drying to obtain a finished product.
Example 6: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the flaxseed gum solution raw material is prepared by replacing chitosan coated flaxseed oil with flaxseed powder of the same quality.
Example 7: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the chitosan coated linseed oil is replaced by chitosan with the same quality in the linseed glue solution raw material.
Example 8: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
ammonium bicarbonate solution is not added in the preparation process of the flaxseed powder.
Example 9: this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
in the preparation process of the flaxseed powder, hot air drying is adopted to replace freeze drying treatment.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
in S1, the same quality of clam powder is used for replacing L-glutamine.
Comparative example 2: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
during the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads:
s1, dicing donkey-hide gelatin blocks to obtain diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the donkey-hide gelatin Ding Checun is 0.5cm multiplied by 0.5cm;
s2, adding 80kg of fried powder into 100kg of diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the particle size of the fried powder is 100 meshes, frying the powder into clam powder at 100 ℃, frying the clam powder at 70 ℃ until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is completely expanded, frying the donkey-hide gelatin for 4min at 70 ℃, continuously frying the donkey-hide gelatin for 4min with off fire, and sieving the donkey-hide gelatin to obtain the finished product donkey-hide gelatin beads with the particle size of 2cm.
Comparative example 3: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
in the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, the same quality of clam powder is used for replacing linseed gelatin liquid and linseed powder;
during the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads:
s2, adding 80kg of fried flour into 100kg of powder-loaded diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the grain size of the fried flour is 100 meshes, the fried flour is clam flour, frying at 100 ℃ until the diced donkey-hide gelatin is fully expanded, frying at 70 ℃ for 4min, continuously frying at off fire for 4min, and sieving to obtain the finished product donkey-hide gelatin beads, wherein the grain size of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is 2cm.
Comparative example 4: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
and S2, no linseed powder is added.
Comparative example 5: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
s1, dicing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks by a knife to obtain diced donkey-hide gelatin, wherein the donkey-hide gelatin Ding Checun is 0.8cm multiplied by 0.8cm.
Performance test
1. Melting test
Donkey-hide gelatin beads are prepared by the preparation methods of examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-5 respectively, and are soaked in hot water at constant temperature of 80 ℃ until the donkey-hide gelatin beads are completely melted, and the time required for melting is recorded.
2. State test
Donkey-hide gelatin beads were prepared by the preparation methods of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 5, respectively, and were boiled in water for 3 hours, then cooled to 40 ℃, observed for liquid state, and scored: the scoring criteria are as follows: the donkey-hide gelatin bead liquid is thick, the taste is 1 minute and sticky, the donkey-hide gelatin bead liquid has good fluidity, and the taste is 10 minutes and sticky.
3. Appearance detection
Donkey-hide gelatin beads are prepared by the preparation methods of examples 1-3, whether the appearance of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is abnormal or not is observed, and the donkey-hide gelatin beads are scored according to the following scoring criteria: severe malformation 1 min → no malformation, round shape 10 min.
Table 1 performance test table
| Project | Time/min | Status scoring/scoring | Appearance score/score |
| Example 1 | 40 | 9 | 9.5 |
| Example 2 | 44 | 8 | 9.0 |
| Example 3 | 38 | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Example 4 | 45 | 7 | / |
| Example 5 | 41 | 5.5 | / |
| Example 6 | 42 | 6.5 | / |
| Example 7 | 39 | 4.5 | / |
| Example 8 | 44 | 8.5 | / |
| Example 9 | 43 | 9 | / |
| Comparative example 1 | 46 | 8 | / |
| Comparative example 2 | 65 | 6 | / |
| Comparative example 3 | 58 | 7 | / |
| Comparative example 4 | 52 | 7.5 | / |
| Comparative example 5 | 60 | 9 | / |
As can be seen by combining examples 1-3 and Table 1, the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared by the method have the advantages of high dissolution rate, moderate taste after being boiled, no stickiness and good appearance molding effect.
As can be seen from the combination of examples 1 and examples 4-9 and table 1, in example 4, no chitosan coated linseed oil was added to the raw material of the linseed glue solution, and compared with example 1, the melting time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in example 4 is longer than that of example 1, and the viscosity of the melted donkey-hide gelatin beads is higher than that of example 1; the chitosan in the chitosan coated linseed oil has water absorption, so that the dissolution of donkey-hide gelatin beads can be promoted, and the linseed oil has lubricity, so that the viscosity can be reduced.
In example 5, the gelatin coated linseed oil with the same quality is used for replacing the chitosan coated linseed oil in the linseed glue solution, compared with example 1, the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in example 5 have longer dissolution time than example 1 and higher viscosity than example 1; the gelatin is gradually dissolved in the boiling process, so that the viscosity is increased, and the chitosan can repel each other according to the charges, so that the influence of mutual contact between the donkey-hide gelatin pieces on the dissolution efficiency is avoided as much as possible.
In the example 6, the chitosan coated linseed oil is replaced by the linseed powder with the same quality in the linseed glue solution raw material, and in the example 7, the chitosan coated linseed oil is replaced by the chitosan with the same quality in the linseed glue solution raw material, compared with the example 1, the melting time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in the example 6 is longer than that of the example 1, and the scores of the examples 6 and 7 are lower than that of the example 1; the chitosan coated linseed oil has the advantages that the water absorption performance is utilized to promote the contact reaction of the donkey-hide gelatin and water, and the linseed oil can adjust the viscosity of a system, so that the donkey-hide gelatin beads have good edible mouthfeel.
In the preparation process of the linseed powder in example 8, no ammonium bicarbonate solution is added, and compared with the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in example 1, the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in example 8 have longer dissolution time than in example 1 and lower score than in example 1; the ammonium bicarbonate can generate pores through gas production in the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads, so that the entry of water during cooking is facilitated, and the cooking rate of the finished donkey-hide gelatin beads is improved.
In the preparation process of the linseed powder in example 9, hot air drying is adopted instead of freeze drying, and compared with example 1, the melting time of donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in example 9 is longer than that of example 1; during the hot air drying process, the ammonium bicarbonate is easy to be heated and decomposed partially, so that the boiling rate of the finished donkey-hide gelatin beads is affected.
As can be seen from the combination of examples 1 and comparative examples 1 to 5 and the combination of table 1, comparative example 1, in which the same mass of clam powder was used instead of L-glutamine, produced donkey-hide gelatin beads of comparative example 1 which had a longer dissolution time than example 1 and a lower score than example 1; the L-glutamine has the advantages that the L-glutamine has water absorption, so that the donkey-hide gelatin is promoted to be dissolved by contacting with water, and the amide is positively charged and matched with chitosan, so that the mutual adhesion of the donkey-hide gelatin can be prevented, and the dissolution rate of the donkey-hide gelatin is influenced.
In the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads in comparative example 2, the donkey-hide gelatin cubes are directly fried with the clam powder, compared with the donkey-hide gelatin beads in example 1, the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in comparative example 2 have longer dissolution time than example 1 and lower fraction than example 1; the L-glutamine, the flaxseed gum solution and the flaxseed powder are matched, so that the dissolution time of the donkey-hide gelatin beads can be shortened, and the dissolution rate of the donkey-hide gelatin beads can be improved.
In the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads of comparative example 3, the same mass of clam powder is used for replacing linseed gelatin liquid and linseed powder, in the preparation process of the donkey-hide gelatin beads of comparative example 4, no linseed powder is added, and compared with the donkey-hide gelatin beads of example 1, the donkey-hide gelatin beads of comparative examples 3 and 4 have longer dissolution time than example 1 and lower fraction than example 1; the linseed glue solution and the linseed powder are matched, so that the quick dissolution of the diced donkey-hide gelatin can be promoted, the adhesion between diced donkey-hide gelatin is prevented, and the edible taste of the melted donkey-hide gelatin beads is ensured.
Comparative example 5 donkey-hide gelatin dice were prepared without needle punching, and the donkey-hide gelatin beads prepared in comparative example 5 were melted longer than those in example 1, compared with example 1; the needle punching treatment can make the donkey-hide gelatin dice quickly and uniformly contact with water, so that the dissolution rate of donkey-hide gelatin beads is improved.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The processing technology of the donkey-hide gelatin beads is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, perforating and dicing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks to obtain donkey-hide gelatin blocks, dispersing the donkey-hide gelatin blocks until the donkey-hide gelatin blocks are not contacted with each other, heating to 110-120 ℃ to soften the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly spreading L-glutamine on the surfaces of the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, rolling the donkey-hide gelatin blocks, uniformly mixing, and sieving to obtain the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin blocks;
s2, uniformly spraying flaxseed gum solution on the surface of the powder-carrying donkey-hide gelatin, uniformly spraying flaxseed powder, and drying to obtain semi-finished donkey-hide gelatin;
s3, adding fried donkey-hide gelatin powder into the semi-finished product diced donkey-hide gelatin, frying at 95-105 ℃ and sieving to obtain the finished product diced donkey-hide gelatin.
2. The processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein: the flaxseed gum solution is prepared by the following method:
weighing flaxseed gum, and stirring to dissolve in water to obtain flaxseed gum solution with concentration of 0.2-2%; and then adding chitosan coated linseed oil, wherein the weight ratio of the linseed gum solution to the chitosan coated linseed oil is 1:0.1-0.25, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished linseed gum solution.
3. The processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 2, wherein the chitosan coated linseed oil is prepared by the following method:
dissolving chitosan to obtain chitosan solution with concentration of 1-2%; adding an emulsifying agent and distilled water into linseed oil, wherein the weight ratio of the linseed oil to the emulsifying agent to the distilled water is 1:0.2-0.35:4-10, and carrying out an emulsification reaction to obtain emulsion; gradually dropwise adding chitosan solution into emulsion according to the weight ratio of 4-7:1, stirring uniformly, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust pH to 5.5-6.5, adding glutaraldehyde, performing crosslinking reaction, and performing spray drying to obtain the finished product.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the emulsifier is span 80 with a concentration of 1-2%.
5. The processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein the linseed powder is prepared by the following method:
weighing commercially available flaxseed powder, dispersing and stirring in ammonium bicarbonate solution, and lyophilizing to obtain flaxseed powder.
6. The process for preparing donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 5, wherein the ammonium bicarbonate solution is an aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solution with a mass fraction of 10-15%.
7. The processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein the fried flour is composed of clam flour and flaxseed flour in a weight ratio of 1:0.1-0.3.
8. The processing technology of donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent pores perforated on the surface of the donkey-hide gelatin block is 1-2mm, and the pore diameter is 0.5-1mm.
9. The process for preparing donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the L-glutamine is 60-100 mesh.
10. The process for preparing donkey-hide gelatin beads according to claim 1, wherein the fried flour has a particle size of 80-120 mesh.
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| CN102670653A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-19 | 陈道恒 | Donkey-hide gelatin balls and preparation method thereof |
| CN104644675A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-05-27 | 四川神农药业有限公司 | Production method of micro donkey-hide gelatin beads |
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| CN102670653A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-19 | 陈道恒 | Donkey-hide gelatin balls and preparation method thereof |
| CN104644675A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-05-27 | 四川神农药业有限公司 | Production method of micro donkey-hide gelatin beads |
| CN108618965A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-09 | 四川御致药业有限公司 | A kind of rotating electromagnetic heated type Colla Corii Asini bead bulking equipment and Colla Corii Asini bead bulking process |
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