CN116124429A - Bolt loosening and positioning device for power transmission tower and use method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a power transmission tower bolt loosening and positioning device and a use method thereof. According to the method, the device and the system, the characteristic sound emitted by loosening the bolt is collected in multiple directions in space through the arrangement of the sound pickup ball, the initial position of loosening of the bolt is judged according to the position of the sound pickup head of the strongest sound received, then the loosening position of the bolt is accurately judged according to the receiving sequence of the bone conduction microphone fixed on the adsorption part and the sound characteristics of the rod piece received, a worker performs targeted fastening according to the determined position, the problem that the specific position of the bolt cannot be judged after loosening of the individual bolt at present is effectively solved, comprehensive fastening is needed, and the working efficiency is low is solved.

Description

Bolt loosening and positioning device for power transmission tower and use method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and particularly relates to a device for positioning looseness of a bolt of a power transmission tower and a use method of the device.

Background

Currently, a transmission line is not separated from a transmission tower, the transmission tower is formed by connecting bolts, the safety operation of the transmission line is seriously affected by the looseness of the bolts, and the main reason for the tower falling is due to the looseness of the bolts. Because the loosening of the bolts is a necessary process, and the loosening process is asynchronous, some bolts are quickly loosened, and some bolts are not loosened.

The current bolt loosening measuring method is many, mainly comprises the following steps:

the method is convenient for detecting the non-dismantling bolt by adopting ultrasonic waves, but requires high requirement on the matching precision between the probe and the bolt, and usually requires the repair of the contact surface of the bolt, and can not be used when the condition of the contact surface can not be met on the iron tower site;

by adopting a method for measuring the length and the short axis of the bolt, a precise measuring tool and a measuring end face are required, and the method cannot be used when the condition of a contact surface cannot be met on the iron tower site;

by adopting the method of pre-installing the pressure sensor, the method can play a role in real-time monitoring, but because of too many bolts, the measurement cost cannot realize large-scale measurement, and the monitoring of individual bolts cannot represent the integral bolt pre-tightening force condition.

The visual measurement method is to detect by comparing the position relation before and after the installation of bolts, and can not meet the measurement of a plurality of bolts of the transmission tower;

according to the intelligent gasket monitoring method, after a bolt loosens to a certain extent, the contact resistance is increased, and the memory alloy gasket is deformed due to heating, so that the intelligent gasket monitoring method can be used in important occasions, and various gaskets based on the principles of capacitance, resistance, piezoelectricity and strain are adopted, but the cost of the gasket is too high, and the intelligent gasket monitoring method is not applicable to a power transmission tower;

the optical fiber method calculates the pretightening force of the bolt by measuring the length deformation of the bolt, and is required to arrange an optical fiber in the center of the bolt, so that the operation difficulty is high, the cost is high, and the method cannot be applied to the field detection of the iron tower at present.

At present, the method of fastening bolts all the time is adopted when the bolts are overhauled on the power transmission tower, which is time-consuming, labor-consuming and high in cost.

Therefore, a device capable of positioning the position of the loose bolt is urgently needed so as to accurately find the loose bolt and fasten the loose bolt in a targeted manner, and work efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low working efficiency by providing a power transmission tower bolt loosening and positioning device and a using method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that at present, after a single bolt is loosened, the bolt is required to be comprehensively fastened.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a transmission tower bolt looseness positioner, includes at least one device of picking up, and the device of picking up includes adsorption site and pick up the sound portion, and the pick up includes the pick up sound ball and sets up the controller in the pick up sound ball below, and the controller sets up in adsorption site upper end, and the equipartition has the pick up sound head on the pick up sound ball, and the pick up sound head links to each other with the controller.

Further, the pick-up heads are sleeved with pick-up barrels.

Further, sound absorbing cotton is laid on the inner wall of the sound pickup cylinder.

Further, the number of the sound pickup balls is at least two, and the sound pickup balls are respectively arranged on two sides of the controller.

Further, the controller both sides slope respectively upwards are provided with hollow bracing piece, and the quantity of bracing piece is the same with the quantity of ball of picking up, and the ball of picking up sets up in the one end that the controller was kept away from to the bracing piece respectively.

Further, the inside bone conduction microphone that is provided with of adsorption part, bone conduction microphone outside parcel have the silica gel layer, and bone conduction microphone links to each other with the controller.

Further, one side of the pick-up device is provided with a fixed point device, the fixed point device comprises a magnetic attraction part and a stay wire encoder, the stay wire encoder is arranged at the upper end of the magnetic attraction part, a hook is arranged on the controller, and one end of a stay rope of the stay wire encoder is connected with the hook.

Further, the adsorption part and the magnetic adsorption part comprise angle steel and magnets arranged on the inner side of the angle steel.

Further, the number of the sound pickup devices is more than two, and a rope body is arranged between the sound pickup devices.

The application method of the bolt loosening and positioning device for the power transmission tower comprises the following steps:

s1: inputting a mathematical three-dimensional model of the transmission tower to be tested into a computer, and simultaneously importing the mathematical three-dimensional model into a natural frequency database of a corresponding rod piece in the transmission tower;

s2: setting a specific hammering mode, such as three light and one heavy, and starting to work after the sound pickup device receives the specific hammering mode;

s3: adsorbing the fixed point device at a designated position (such as a tower leg) with a known coordinate, connecting a stay wire on a stay wire encoder with a hook, moving the pick-up device, judging the distance between the fixed point device and the pick-up device according to the length of the stay wire, and further determining the position of the pick-up device;

s4: measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device, obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the pick-up ball and the pick-up head in the pick-up device according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device, and inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device, the pick-up ball and the pick-up head into the three-dimensional model for calculating the position of the loose bolt;

s5: monitoring whether a bolt looseness characteristic sound wave exists or not, if yes, directly performing positioning calculation, and marking a computer with a specific color such as yellow;

s6: specific hammering is carried out on angle steel on the transmission tower, and the angle steel is three-light and one-heavy;

s7: after the specific hammering sound is heard by the sound pickup device, the sound wave receiving is started immediately, the position of the sound pickup head receiving the strongest sound intensity is transmitted to a computer by the controller, and the computer stores a sound wave file; meanwhile, the interval time and the receiving time of the loosening sound of the bolt received by the bone conduction microphone are transmitted to a computer;

s8: the computer connects the center of the sound pickup ball with the position of the sound pickup head receiving the strongest sound intensity according to the position coordinates of the sound pickup head and the known sound pickup ball coordinates, and extends the sound pickup ball to the three-dimensional model of the power transmission tower, and the position where the extension line is connected with the power transmission tower model is the position where the loose bolt is located, so that the bolt position coordinates are obtained; checking a rod piece natural frequency library according to the sound interval time and the sequence received by the bone conduction microphone, checking the position of a bolt, comparing the position of the bolt with the position coordinates of the bolt in the three-dimensional simulation, and marking the loosened bolt on the three-dimensional model with a specific color, such as red, after confirmation;

s9: because the air flow can generate acoustic wave drift, three operations are needed to be performed at the same measuring point position, obviously unreasonable data are removed, and finally an accurate marking result is obtained.

The invention has the remarkable beneficial effects that:

1. the invention relates to a power transmission tower bolt loosening positioning device and a use method thereof. According to the method, the device and the system, the characteristic sound emitted by loosening the bolt is collected in multiple directions in space through the arrangement of the sound pickup ball, the initial position of loosening of the bolt is judged according to the position of the sound pickup head of the strongest sound received, then the loosening position of the bolt is accurately judged according to the receiving sequence of the bone conduction microphone fixed on the adsorption part and the sound characteristics of the rod piece received, a worker performs targeted fastening according to the determined position, the problem that the specific position of the bolt cannot be judged after loosening of the individual bolt at present is effectively solved, comprehensive fastening is needed, and the working efficiency is low is solved.

2. The sound that comes through the transmission can be collected through the setting of the sound pick-up section of thick bamboo, increases the receiving effect of picking up the sound head, and inhale the cotton setting of sound and then can absorb the attenuation to the sound that the nonlinear line was propagated, and then strengthen the sound pick-up head effect of straight line received sound, avoid receiving the sound pick-up head too much of approximate intensity sound and can't carry out accurate judgement.

3. The setting of the pointing device can facilitate the rapid judgment of the position of the pickup device and the establishment of three-dimensional coordinates.

4. The adsorption part and the magnetic attraction part can be conveniently arranged on the power transmission tower, so that detection work is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power transmission tower bolt loosening and positioning device and a use method thereof;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a positioning device for loosening bolts of a power transmission tower and a use method thereof;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a device for loosening and positioning bolts of a power transmission tower and a device for picking up sound in a using method of the device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a pickup head and a pickup ball in a power pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus and a method of use according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a pickup cylinder in the positioning device for loosening bolts of a power transmission tower and a using method of the invention.

In the drawings, 1-a pick-up device;

a 2-adsorption unit;

3-picking up the sound ball;

4-a pick-up head;

5-a controller;

6-a sound pickup barrel;

7-sound-absorbing cotton;

8-supporting rods;

9-rope body;

a 10-bone conduction microphone;

11-pointing device;

12-a magnetic attraction part;

13-a pull wire encoder;

14-hooking;

15-magnet;

16-transmission tower.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.

All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application.

As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise.

Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation.

Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, where azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "transverse, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., indicate azimuth or positional relationships generally based on those shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures.

It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are merely for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and unless otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, a positioning device for loosening a bolt of a power transmission tower comprises at least one sound pickup device 1, wherein the sound pickup device 1 comprises an adsorption part 2 and a sound pickup part, the adsorption part 2 is angle steel-shaped, a magnet 15 is arranged on the inner side of the adsorption part 2, the sound pickup part is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the adsorption part 2, the sound pickup part is adsorbed on the power transmission tower 16 through the adsorption part 2, the sound pickup part comprises a sound pickup ball 3 and a controller 5, the controller 5 is arranged at the upper end of the adsorption part 2, the sound pickup ball 3 is arranged on the controller 5, sound pickup heads 4 are uniformly distributed on the sound pickup ball 3, the number of the sound pickup heads 4 is a plurality, the sound pickup heads 4 are connected with the controller 5 through lines, and the controller 5 is used for receiving and transmitting sound received by the sound pickup heads 4; the sound pickup balls 3 are hollow spheres, the number of the sound pickup heads 4 is a plurality of the sound pickup balls 3 and are uniformly distributed on the sound pickup balls 3, the sound pickup heads 4 are microphones, and the connecting lines of the sound pickup heads 4 are collected in the sound pickup balls 3 and are connected with the controller 5;

the sound transmitted in multiple directions can be collected through the arrangement of the sound pickup ball 3, and the loosening position of the bolt is determined by judging the sound intensity received by the sound pickup head 4 at different positions so as to conduct targeted fastening;

in order to conveniently determine the installation position and the measurement position of the pickup device 1, a fixed point device 11 is arranged on one side of the pickup device 1, the fixed point device 11 and the pickup device 1 are sequentially arranged on a power transmission tower when in use, the fixed point device 11 is used as a base point to conveniently confirm the position of the pickup device 1, the fixed point device 11 comprises a magnetic attraction part 12 and a stay wire encoder 13, the magnetic attraction part 12 has the same structure as the adsorption part 2, a shell is arranged outside the controller 5, a hook 14 is arranged on the shell, and one end of a stay wire on the stay wire encoder 13 is connected with the hook 14;

when the device is used, the fixed point device 11 is adsorbed on a known position, the pickup device 1 is moved, the pull rope moves along with the pickup device, the pull wire encoder 13 starts to count, the distance between the pickup device 1 and the fixed point device 11 can be known by reading the reading of the pull wire encoder 13, and then the accurate position of the pickup device 1 is judged;

in order to further improve the position accuracy of bolt loosening, a bone conduction microphone 10 is arranged on the adsorption part 2, the bone conduction microphone 10 is connected with the controller 5 through a circuit, a silica gel layer is wrapped outside the bone conduction microphone 10, the silica gel layer is used as a protection layer on one hand, and the bone conduction microphone 10 can be elastically contacted with the power transmission iron tower 16 on the other hand;

the bone conduction microphone 10 is used for receiving the sound transmitted on the power transmission tower 16, the sound is purer and less disturbed by other sounds, the direction of the sound is judged by the time interval of the sound received by the bone conduction microphone 10 and the front-back sequence of the sound, the position of the rod can be judged by receiving the sound characteristics of the rod on the power transmission tower, the rod is crossed and compared with the sound received by the sound pickup ball 3, and the position of the loose bolt is further determined.

The application method of the power transmission tower 16 bolt loosening and positioning device comprises the following steps:

step one: inputting the mathematical three-dimensional model of the transmission tower 16 to be tested into a computer, and simultaneously importing the mathematical three-dimensional model into a natural frequency database of corresponding rods in the transmission tower 16; because the connecting rods adopted in the power transmission tower 16 at different heights and positions are different, different frequencies can be obtained by exciting the different rods, and the heights and positions of the bolts can be judged by collecting the natural frequencies of the rods and the frequencies generated after the rods are excited;

step two: setting a specific hammering mode to wake up the pickup device 1, for example, three times, one time and one time, and starting to work after the pickup device 1 receives the specific hammering mode;

step three: adsorbing the pointing device 11 at a designated position (such as a tower leg) with a known coordinate, connecting a stay wire on the stay wire encoder 13 with the hook 14, moving the pickup device 1, judging the distance between the pointing device 11 and the pickup device 1 according to the length of the stay wire, and further determining the position of the pickup device 1; when the number of the pickup devices 1 is two or more, the pickup devices 1 are connected by adopting the rope bodies 9 with known distances, so that the positions of different pickup devices 1 are judged;

step four: measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device 11, obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the sound pickup ball 3 and each sound pickup head 4 in the sound pickup device 1 according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device 11, and inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device 11, the sound pickup ball 3 and the sound pickup heads 4 into a three-dimensional model for calculating the positions of loose bolts;

step five: monitoring whether a bolt looseness characteristic sound wave exists or not, if yes, directly performing positioning calculation, and marking a computer with a specific color such as yellow;

step six: specific hammering is carried out on angle steel on the power transmission tower 16, and the angle steel is three-light and one-heavy;

step seven: after the specific hammering sound is heard by the sound pickup device 1, the sound wave receiving is started immediately, the position of the sound pickup head 4 receiving the strongest sound intensity is transmitted to a computer by the controller 5, and the computer stores a sound wave file; meanwhile, the controller 5 transmits the bolt loosening sound interval time and the receiving time received by the bone conduction microphone 10 to the computer; the controller 5 and the computer can be transmitted by wire or wireless;

step eight: the computer connects the center of the pick-up ball 3 with the position of the pick-up head 4 receiving the strongest sound intensity according to the position coordinates of the pick-up head 4 and the known coordinates of the pick-up ball 3, and extends the pick-up ball to the three-dimensional model of the power transmission tower 16, and the position where the extension line is connected with the model of the power transmission tower 16 is the position where the loosening bolt is positioned, so that the bolt loosening position coordinates are obtained; checking the frequency of the received rod piece with a rod piece natural frequency library according to the sound interval time and the receiving sequence of the bone conduction microphone 10, checking the position of the bolt, comparing with the position coordinates of the bolt in the three-dimensional simulation, and marking the loosened bolt on the three-dimensional model with a specific color, such as red after confirmation;

step nine: because the air flow can generate acoustic wave drift, three operations are needed to be performed at the same measuring point position, obviously unreasonable data are removed, and finally an accurate marking result is obtained.

To sum up, the sound that the bolt was not hard up sent is multi-directionally collected through the setting of picking up sound ball 3 to this application, according to the sound pickup head 4 position of the strongest sound of receiving, judges the not hard up accurate position of bolt, and the staff carries out the pertinence fastening according to the position of determining again, effectively solves and can't judge its concrete position after individual bolt is not hard up at present, needs to carry out comprehensive fastening, problem that work efficiency is low.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5, the structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, in order to increase the working effect of the pickup head 4, a pickup tube 6 is sleeved on the pickup head 4, and a sound absorbing cotton 7 is laid on the inner wall of the pickup tube 6, and through the arrangement of the pickup tube 6, the transmitted sound can be collected, the receiving effect of the pickup head 4 is increased, and the arrangement of the sound absorbing cotton 7 can absorb and weaken the sound transmitted in a nonlinear manner, so that the effect of the pickup head 4 receiving the sound in a linear manner is enhanced, and the problem that the pickup head 4 receiving the sound with similar intensity is too much and cannot accurately judge is avoided.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 2, this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 2, because the main building component of the power pylon 16 is a triangle iron, so the magnetic attraction portion 12 and the adsorption portion 2 are also set to angle steel shape to be conveniently installed on the power pylon 16, but in order to facilitate accurate positioning of loose bolts on different sides of the power pylon 16, the number of the two sound pickup balls 3 is two, the two sound pickup balls 3 are respectively installed on two sides of the controller 5 through the support rods 8 controlled in an arc shape, the arrangement of the hollow support rods 8 can facilitate the passage of lines on the sound pickup head 4, the two sound pickup balls 3 are respectively located on different sides of the power pylon 16 through the support of the arc support rods 8, and the two sound pickup balls 3 respectively collect sounds on different sides, so as to position the loose bolts on different sides of the power pylon 16.

At present, the technical scheme of the application has been subjected to pilot-scale experiments, namely small-scale experiments of products before large-scale mass production; after the pilot test is completed, the use investigation of the user is performed in a small range, and the investigation result shows that the user satisfaction is higher; now, the preparation of the formal production of the product for industrialization (including intellectual property risk early warning investigation) is started.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a transmission tower bolt looseness positioner which characterized in that: including at least one pickup device (1), pickup device (1) includes adsorption part (2) and pickup part, the pickup part is in including picking up sound ball (3) and setting up controller (5) of picking up sound ball (3) below, controller (5) set up adsorption part (2) upper end, the equipartition has pickup head (4) on picking up sound ball (3), pickup head (4) with controller (5) link to each other.

2. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and the pick-up heads (4) are sleeved with pick-up cylinders (6).

3. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the sound absorbing cotton (7) is laid on the inner wall of the sound pickup cylinder (6).

4. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the number of the sound pickup balls (3) is at least two, and the sound pickup balls (3) are respectively arranged at two sides of the controller (5).

5. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the two sides of the controller (5) are respectively provided with hollow supporting rods (8) in an inclined upward mode, the number of the supporting rods (8) is the same as that of the pickup balls (3), and the pickup balls (3) are respectively arranged at one ends, far away from the controller (5), of the supporting rods (8).

6. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bone conduction microphone (10) is arranged on the inner side of the adsorption part (2), a silica gel layer is wrapped on the outer side of the bone conduction microphone (10), and the bone conduction microphone (10) is connected with the controller (5).

7. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sound pickup device is characterized in that a fixed point device (11) is arranged on one side of the sound pickup device (1), the fixed point device (11) comprises a magnetic attraction part (12) and a stay wire encoder (13), the stay wire encoder (13) is arranged at the upper end of the magnetic attraction part (12), a hook (14) is arranged on the controller (5), and one end of a stay rope of the stay wire encoder (13) is connected with the hook (14).

8. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the adsorption part (2) and the magnetic adsorption part (12) comprise angle steel and a magnet (15) arranged on the inner side of the angle steel.

9. The pylon bolt loosening and positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the number of the sound pickup devices (1) is more than two, and a rope body (9) is arranged between the sound pickup devices (1).

10. The application method of the bolt loosening and positioning device for the power transmission tower is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: inputting a mathematical three-dimensional model of the transmission tower to be tested into a computer, and simultaneously importing the mathematical three-dimensional model into a natural frequency database of a corresponding rod piece in the transmission tower;

s2: setting a specific hammering mode, such as three light and one heavy, and starting to work after the sound pickup device (1) receives the specific hammering mode;

s3: adsorbing the fixed point device (11) at a designated position (such as a tower foot) with known coordinates, connecting a stay wire on a stay wire encoder (13) with a hook (14), moving the pick-up device (1), judging the distance between the fixed point device (11) and the pick-up device (1) according to the length of the stay wire, and further determining the position of the pick-up device (1);

s4: measuring three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device (11), obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of the sound pickup ball (3) and the sound pickup head (4) in the sound pickup device (1) according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device (11), and inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed point device (11), the sound pickup ball (3) and the sound pickup head (4) into a three-dimensional model for calculating the position of a loose bolt;

s5: monitoring whether a bolt looseness characteristic sound wave exists or not, if yes, directly performing positioning calculation, and marking a computer with a specific color such as yellow;

s6: specific hammering is carried out on angle steel on the transmission tower, and the angle steel is three-light and one-heavy;

s7: after the specific hammering sound is heard by the sound pickup device (1), the sound wave receiving is started immediately, the position of the sound pickup head (4) receiving the strongest sound intensity is transmitted to a computer by the controller (5), and the computer stores a sound wave file; meanwhile, the interval time and the receiving time of the loosening sound of the bolt received by the bone conduction microphone (10) are transmitted to a computer;

s8: the computer connects the center of the pick-up ball (3) with the position of the pick-up head (4) receiving the strongest sound intensity according to the position coordinates of the pick-up head (4) and the known coordinates of the pick-up ball (3) and extends the pick-up ball to a three-dimensional model of the power transmission tower, and the position of the extension line connected with the model of the power transmission tower is the position of a loosening bolt to obtain the loosening position coordinates of the bolt; checking a rod piece natural frequency library according to the sound interval time and the sequence received by the bone conduction microphone (10), checking the position of a bolt, comparing the position of the bolt with the position coordinates of the bolt in the three-dimensional simulation, and marking the loosened bolt on the three-dimensional model with a specific color, such as red after confirmation;

s9: because the air flow can generate acoustic wave drift, three operations are needed to be performed at the same measuring point position, obviously unreasonable data are removed, and finally an accurate marking result is obtained.

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