CN116121486A - Production process of sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace - Google Patents
Production process of sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon electric furnace smelting process, which comprises electric furnace post-decarburization and ladle refining furnace process decarburization, wherein the process mode of electric furnace post-furnace and ladle refining furnace process decarburization is adopted, so that the burden of an electric furnace is reduced, peroxidation of molten steel is prevented, the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved, the furnace life is improved, the production cost is reduced, the decarburization target is realized, the silicon return in the ladle refining furnace deoxidization process is controlled, and steel with carbon content of below 0.04% and silicon content of 0.025-0.045% is stably produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a steel smelting process, and particularly relates to a production process of a sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace.
Background
The ESP continuous casting and rolling line has high pulling speed, and the low-carbon low-silicon steel with thin specification has strict requirements on carbon content and silicon composition. For the low-carbon low-silicon steel with the ESP carbon content below 0.04% and the silicon content of 0,025-0.045%, a converter process is generally adopted for smelting, but the lower furnace temperature is not suitable for melting refractory alloy elements, the larger furnace volume and the poorer process flexibility.
The electric furnace smelting is generally suitable for carbon steel or alloy steel with carbon content of more than 0.10%, and when the electric furnace is used for smelting low-carbon steel, the oxidizing property of molten steel cannot be accurately controlled due to difficult later decarburization, so that the peroxidation of the molten steel is caused, the recovery rate of waste steel is reduced, the consumption of steel materials is increased, and meanwhile, the electrode consumption is reduced and the service life of the furnace is increased; the consumption of deoxidized alloy of the ladle refining furnace is increased, the deoxidization of molten steel and the removal of oxide inclusions are more difficult, the smelting of clean steel is not facilitated, and the production cost is remarkably increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a process for smelting low-carbon low-silicon steel seeds by continuous casting and rolling of a thin plate in an electric furnace, which adopts a process of decarburization after the electric furnace and in a ladle refining furnace, reduces the burden of the electric furnace, prevents the peroxidation of molten steel, improves the cleanliness of the molten steel, reduces the production cost, realizes the decarburization target, controls the silicon returning in the deoxidation process of the ladle refining furnace, and stably produces steel seeds with the carbon content of below 0.04% and the silicon content of 0.025-0.045%.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production process of a sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding scrap steel into an electric furnace, controlling foam slag in the whole process, and blowing air bricks at the bottom of the electric furnace to blow argon in the whole process;
step 2: when the electric furnace is smelted to the end point, the electric furnace is heated and controlled to be at a temperature within the range of 1640-1660 ℃, and the end point carbon content of the electric furnace is controlled to be within the range of 0.04-0.06%; step 3: maintaining the siphon tapping hole, and performing sand filling operation on the electric furnace;
step 4: in the tapping process, an argon blowing flow model of the ladle refining furnace is optimized, the stirring of molten steel in the process is ensured to be full, lime is added into the molten steel along with the flow direction of the steel, low-carbon ferromanganese is added, deoxidization alloy is not added, deoxidization alloying is not performed, and the molten steel is covered to isolate air after tapping is finished;
step 5: molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out first, and the oxygen content of the molten steel is controlled; step 6: after the molten steel sample composition is tested, if the carbon content of the molten steel meets the target requirement, deoxidizing to produce reduced white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, alloying, and controlling the stirring intensity of argon after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard.
Preferably, in the step 4, the ladle refining furnace bottom is opened for argon blowing 2 minutes in advance in the tapping process, and the argon flow in the whole tapping process is 30-50nm 3 And/h, fully stirring molten steel.
Preferably, in the step 5, molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out firstly, and if the temperature is lower than the range of 1580-1600 ℃, power transmission and temperature rise are carried out; controlling the oxygen content of molten steel to be 400-700PPm, regulating argon blowing at the bottom of a ladle refining furnace, and controlling the flow of argon blown at the bottom of a double-hole furnace to be 30-70nm 3 And/h, when the power transmission heating is stopped for 1-2 minutes, stirring uniformly again.
Preferably, deoxidization and back silicon are prevented, aluminum ingots and aluminum wires are used for deoxidization in the refining process, a small amount of calcium carbide is added in the later stage for deoxidization, and the addition amount of lime in the earlier stage is controlled according to 8-10 kg/t.
Preferably, in the step 6, in the white slag modification process, attention is paid to the adding batch of the deoxidizer, lime and fluorite slag are timely added, the total amount of lime is controlled to be 12kg/t, and SiO in the slag is reduced 2 The content of the alloy is avoided, and aluminum is added for deoxidizing and silicon returning during refining.
Preferably, in step 6, a step ofAfter the white slag is finished, controlling the flow of bottom blowing argon to be 20nm 3 And/or so.
Preferably, in the step 6, after the molten steel sample composition is assayed, detecting the carbon content of the molten steel, if the carbon content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.035%, starting deoxidizing to produce reduced white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, alloying, and controlling the stirring intensity of argon after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard; if the carbon content of the molten steel does not enter the carbon content of less than or equal to 0.035%, continuing to heat for 3-5min, and adjusting the argon blowing at the bottom of the ladle refining furnace.
Preferably, the carbon content of the low-carbon low-silicon steel grade is below 0.04 percent, and the silicon content is 0.025-0.045 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the purpose of continuously decarbonizing the molten steel in the electric furnace tapping process and the ladle refining furnace process, and can effectively solve the defect that carbon in the molten steel cannot be removed to the target requirement due to difficult decarbonizing in electric furnace smelting.
(2) The method of the invention can effectively solve the adverse effects of excessive flushing and erosion of furnace lining, increased consumption of steel materials, increased production cost and the like caused by forced oxygen blowing of the electric furnace, thereby being beneficial to improving the furnace life, reducing various consumption, shortening the smelting period and reducing the production cost.
(3) When the ladle refining furnace process continues decarburization, compared with an electric furnace, the ladle refining furnace has more flexible functions of heating, temperature measurement, sampling and the like of molten steel, can more accurately control the carbon content in the molten steel, ensures that the carbon content in the molten steel enters the target requirement, and simultaneously achieves the purpose of silicon control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of carbon content in the smelting process of the process.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
A production process of a sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding scrap steel into an electric furnace, controlling foam slag in the whole process, and blowing air bricks at the bottom of the electric furnace to blow argon in the whole process;
step 2: when the electric furnace is smelted to the end point, the electric furnace is heated and controlled to be at a temperature within the range of 1640-1660 ℃, and the end point carbon content of the electric furnace is controlled to be within the range of 0.04-0.06%; step 3: maintaining the siphon tapping hole, and performing sand filling operation on the electric furnace;
step 4: in the tapping process, an argon blowing flow model of the ladle refining furnace is optimized, the stirring of molten steel in the process is ensured to be full, lime is added into the molten steel along with the flow direction of the steel, low-carbon ferromanganese is added, deoxidization alloy is not added, deoxidization alloying is not performed, and the molten steel is covered to isolate air after tapping is finished;
step 5: molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out first, and the oxygen content of the molten steel is controlled; step 6: after the molten steel sample composition is tested, if the carbon content of the molten steel meets the target requirement, deoxidizing to produce reduced white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, alloying, and controlling the stirring intensity of argon after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard.
The invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples:
in this example, the present invention will be described by taking continuous decarburization after tapping in a 115t quantum electric furnace and at the early stage of the ladle refining furnace process.
The electric furnace adopts a mode of adding all scrap steel in 4 batches, foam slag is controlled in the whole process, and argon is blown into 5 bottom blowing air bricks in the whole process to uniform the component temperature; heating up and cutting scrap steel by using 2 RCB burners and spraying carbon powder by using a carbon powder gun on one side wall; the 2 carbon-oxygen top guns are used for blowing oxygen and spraying carbon powder, and play roles in cutting scrap steel, improving heat sources, decarburizing, foaming slag and stirring a molten pool.
About 118 of tapping amount of the electric furnace, when the electric furnace is smelted to the end point, taking a molten steel sample 1, wherein the carbon content of the end point of the electric furnace is 0.040% -0.060%, and the oxygen content of the end point is 400-700PPm;
timely maintaining the siphon tapping hole, wherein the tapping time is lower than 2 minutes or tapping is dispersed, and timely replacing the tapping hole; and each furnace is filled with sand correctly, so that tapping oxygen is reduced, the tapping hole self-opening rate is improved, tapping slag discharging phenomenon is avoided, and refining deoxidization silicon return is avoided.
The ladle refining furnace management is carried out, and the ladle refining furnace cannot be mixed with a high-carbon and high-silicon steel ladle refining furnace;
in the tapping process, when the molten steel is discharged to 20-30t, 300kg of lime is added into the molten steel along with the flow direction of the molten steel, and the lime quality is required to be over 90 percent and SiO is required to be over 90 percent 2 Less than 1.5 percent, the quality of lime added in refining also meets the requirement, the slag quantity and the alkalinity are paid attention to in the refining process, and the SiO in the slag is reduced 2 The content avoids refining deoxidizing back silicon; argon blowing flow at bottom of ladle refining furnace is 40nm 3 And/h, the molten steel surface is turned over to take a disc shape, and the bottom blowing molten steel sample 2 is closed after tapping is finished.
Molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out firstly, if the temperature is lower than the range of 1580-1600 ℃, the power transmission heating time is determined according to the temperature, argon blowing at the bottom of the ladle refining furnace is properly regulated, and the flow of the argon blown at the bottom of a double-hole is 30-70nm 3 And (h) taking a molten steel sample 3 after stirring uniformly again when power transmission is stopped for 1-2 min.
After the 3-component test of the molten steel sample, if the carbon content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.035% in the smelting process, deoxidizing to produce white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, and alloying. After the carbon and sulfur contents are proper, the stirring intensity of argon is controlled, the silicon content in molten steel is changed, and the exceeding of the silicon return component is prevented.
If the carbon content of the molten steel does not enter the target requirement, continuing to transmit electricity and heat for 3-5min, adjusting the bottom of the ladle refining furnace to blow argon, further promoting the carbon-oxygen reaction to be carried out, and then sampling and analyzing.
The data of 10 furnace steel smelted by this method are shown in tables 1, 2 and fig. 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, after the molten steel is tapped from an electric furnace, the continuous decarburization process is stable and obvious, the molten steel is decarburized to less than 0.035%, the finished product completely meets the requirement that the target carbon is less than 0.040%, and the finished product with the silicon content in Table 2 also completely meets the requirement that the target silicon is 0.025-0.045%.
Table 1: decarburization data of ladle refining furnace after tapping of 115 ton quantum electric furnace
Table 2:115 ton quantum electric furnace tapping and ladle refining furnace silicon content data
In the specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 4, the ladle refining furnace bottom is opened for argon blowing 2 minutes in advance in the tapping process, and the argon flow is 30-50nm in the whole tapping process 3 And (h) fully stirring molten steel, ensuring the molten steel to be fully stirred in the process, promoting further carbon-oxygen reaction in the tapping process, and reducing the carbon content in the molten steel.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 5, molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out firstly, and if the temperature is lower than the range of 1580-1600 ℃, power transmission and temperature rise are carried out; controlling the oxygen content of molten steel to be 400-700PPm, regulating argon blowing at the bottom of a ladle refining furnace, and controlling the flow of argon blown at the bottom of a double-hole furnace to be 30-70nm 3 And (h) oxidizing the carbon element in the molten steel by utilizing oxygen in the molten steel to realize the purpose of low-carbon steel, and stirring uniformly again when the power transmission heating is stopped for 1-2 minutes.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, deoxidization back silicon is prevented, aluminum ingot and aluminum wire are deoxidized in the refining process, a small amount of calcium carbide is added in the later stage for deoxidization, and the addition amount of lime in the earlier stage is controlled according to 8-10 kg/t.
In step 6, in the white slag modification process, attention is paid to the deoxidizer adding batch, lime and fluorite slag are timely added, the total amount of lime is controlled to be 12kg/t, and the SiO in the slag is reduced 2 The content of the alloy is avoided, and aluminum is added for deoxidizing and silicon returning during refining.
In one embodiment of the inventionIn the step 6, after the white slag is produced, the flow of bottom blowing argon is controlled at 20nm 3 And about/h, preventing the molten steel from being strongly stirred back to silicon after aluminum deoxidation is finished.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 6, after the molten steel sample composition is tested, detecting the carbon content of the molten steel, if the carbon content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.035%, starting deoxidizing to produce reduced white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, alloying, controlling the stirring intensity of argon after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard, noticing the silicon content change in the molten steel, and preventing the silicon return composition from exceeding the standard; if the carbon content of the molten steel is more than 0.035%, continuing to heat for 3-5min, adjusting the argon blowing at the bottom of the ladle refining furnace, and further promoting the carbon-oxygen reaction.
In one embodiment of the invention, the carbon content of the low carbon low silicon steel grade is below 0.04 percent and the silicon content is 0.025-0.045 percent.
According to the production process, in the actual production process, the process achieves the aim of steel grade component requirements, reduces the production cost, improves the furnace life and shortens the smelting period.
The above-mentioned and other embodiments may be applied to other fields by any person skilled in the art using the above-mentioned disclosure to make changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical matter of the present invention will still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The production process of the sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: adding scrap steel into an electric furnace, controlling foam slag in the whole process, and blowing air bricks at the bottom of the electric furnace to blow argon in the whole process;
step 2: when the electric furnace is smelted to the end point, the electric furnace is heated and controlled to be at a temperature within the range of 1640-1660 ℃, and the end point carbon content of the electric furnace is controlled to be within the range of 0.04-0.06%;
step 3: maintaining the siphon tapping hole, and performing sand filling operation on the electric furnace;
step 4: in the tapping process, an argon blowing flow model of the ladle refining furnace is optimized, the stirring of molten steel in the process is ensured to be full, lime is added into the molten steel along with the flow direction of the steel, low-carbon ferromanganese is added, deoxidization alloy is not added, deoxidization alloying is not performed, and the molten steel is covered to isolate air after tapping is finished;
step 5: molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out first, and the oxygen content of the molten steel is controlled;
step 6: after the molten steel sample composition is tested, if the carbon content of the molten steel meets the target requirement, deoxidizing to produce reduced white slag, removing sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel, alloying, and controlling the stirring intensity of argon after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard.
2. The production process of the sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, argon is blown into the bottom of a ladle refining furnace 2 minutes in advance in the tapping process, and the argon flow is 30-50nm in the whole tapping process 3 And/h, fully stirring molten steel.
3. The production process of the sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, molten steel enters a ladle refining furnace, slag breaking and temperature measurement are carried out firstly, and if the temperature is lower than the range of 1580-1600 ℃, power transmission and temperature rise are carried out; controlling the oxygen content of molten steel to be 400-700PPm, regulating argon blowing at the bottom of a ladle refining furnace, and controlling the flow of argon blown at the bottom of a double-hole furnace to be 30-70nm 3 And/h, when the power transmission heating is stopped for 1-2 minutes, stirring uniformly again.
4. The production process of the sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein deoxidization and silicon return are prevented, aluminum ingots and aluminum wires are used for deoxidization in the refining process, a small amount of calcium carbide is added for deoxidization in the later stage, and the addition amount of lime in the earlier stage is controlled according to 8-10 kg/t.
5. A sheet according to claim 1The continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace production process is characterized in that in the step 6, in the white slag modification process, attention is paid to the adding batch of deoxidizing agent, lime and fluorite slag are timely added, the total amount of lime is controlled at 12kg/t, and SiO in slag is reduced 2 The content of the alloy is avoided, and aluminum is added for deoxidizing and silicon returning during refining.
6. The process for producing a sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel grade electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, after the white slag is produced, the flow rate of bottom blowing argon is controlled at 20nm 3 And/or so.
7. The production process of the sheet continuous casting and rolling low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, after the composition of molten steel is tested, the carbon content of the molten steel is detected, if the carbon content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.035%, deoxidization is started to produce reduced white slag, sulfur harmful elements in the molten steel are removed, alloying is carried out, and after the carbon and sulfur content reach the standard, the stirring intensity of argon is controlled; if the carbon content of the molten steel does not enter the carbon content of less than or equal to 0.035%, the electric power transmission heating is continued for 3-5min, and argon blowing at the bottom of the ladle refining furnace is regulated.
8. The process for producing the low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace for continuous casting and rolling of thin plates according to claim 1, wherein the carbon content of the low-carbon low-silicon steel type electric furnace is less than 0.04%, and the silicon content is 0.025-0.045%.
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