CN116117991A - A mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel - Google Patents

A mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel Download PDF

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CN116117991A
CN116117991A CN202310236567.8A CN202310236567A CN116117991A CN 116117991 A CN116117991 A CN 116117991A CN 202310236567 A CN202310236567 A CN 202310236567A CN 116117991 A CN116117991 A CN 116117991A
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mould
mold
shield tunnel
scale model
manufacturing
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张姣龙
柳献
袁勇
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Tongji University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/76Moulds
    • B28B21/82Moulds built-up from several parts; Multiple moulds; Moulds with adjustable parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/86Cores
    • B28B21/88Cores adjustable, collapsible or expansible

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Abstract

The invention relates to a mould for manufacturing a shield tunnel scale model, which is characterized in that wedge-shaped bulges are arranged at longitudinal joints and circumferential joints of the mould so as to reduce the effective cross section of a poured segment structure model at the longitudinal joints and the circumferential joints, wherein an outer mould is made of a rigid material, an inner mould is made of a flexible material, an inner mould and an outer mould are spliced by adopting four quarter-ring moulds, and after concrete pouring is finished, the four quarter-rings can be detached respectively, so that the mould is easy to release. Compared with the prior art, the invention can simulate the weakening of the structural strength of the splicing position of the longitudinal seam and the circumferential seam of the segment in the real tunnel environment by utilizing the wedge-shaped bulge under the condition of full-ring casting, and does not need to separately cast the segment and splice the segment. The invention comprehensively considers the weakening of the strength of the longitudinal seam and the circular seam of the actual tunnel model and the convenience of disassembling the mold after pouring, has the characteristics of convenient use and high reduction degree, and can create good economic benefit and scientific research value.

Description

一种制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具A mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及隧道工程领域,尤其是涉及一种制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具。The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel.

背景技术Background technique

近年来,随着城市化进程的不断推进,大中城市人口突增,交通压力成为了城市面临的难题。在此背景下,地下空间的利用成为了城市规划建设的重点。其中,地铁盾构隧道具有施工速度快、节省人力、对地表影响小等优点,逐渐成为了城市地下交通施工建设的主流。然而,城市地下环境具有相当大的不确定性,对于盾构隧道施工和结构设计带来了挑战,因此很多时候需要在开展盾构施工前先行完成盾构隧道结构模型试验,来探究特定施工工法的可行性或者盾构隧道结构的安全性。In recent years, with the continuous advancement of the urbanization process, the population of large and medium-sized cities has increased suddenly, and traffic pressure has become a difficult problem for cities. In this context, the utilization of underground space has become the focus of urban planning and construction. Among them, the subway shield tunnel has the advantages of fast construction speed, manpower saving, and small impact on the surface, and has gradually become the mainstream of urban underground transportation construction. However, the urban underground environment has considerable uncertainty, which brings challenges to shield tunnel construction and structural design. Therefore, it is often necessary to complete shield tunnel structural model tests before shield tunnel construction to explore specific construction methods. feasibility or the safety of the shield tunnel structure.

盾构隧道结构模型试验依赖于管片模型的制作。由于现有盾构隧道管片大多为钢筋混凝土材质,因此需要预先制作模具用于混凝土浇筑。然而,由于盾构隧道需要采用管片拼接,拼接后留下拼接纵缝与环缝,接缝处的结构强度势必有一定程度削弱;此外,环形管片的模具在混凝土浇筑完毕后,常常会因为混凝土和模具的粘接而难以取出,造成脱模的困难;特别是整环浇筑时,内模被混凝土包裹,其拆除异常困难。要解决上述问题,可以采用逐块浇筑管片的方式,但这种做法费时费力,容易造成模型破损,不能很好满足施工方对于试验方便、快捷的需求,也难以适应城市地铁快速建设的节奏。The structural model test of the shield tunnel depends on the fabrication of the segment model. Since most of the existing shield tunnel segments are made of reinforced concrete, molds need to be made in advance for concrete pouring. However, since shield tunnels need to be spliced with segments, the splicing longitudinal joints and circular joints are left after splicing, and the structural strength of the joints is bound to be weakened to a certain extent; It is difficult to take out because of the bonding between the concrete and the mold, resulting in the difficulty of demoulding; especially when the whole ring is poured, the inner mold is wrapped by concrete, and its removal is extremely difficult. To solve the above problems, the method of pouring segments piece by piece can be adopted, but this method is time-consuming and laborious, and it is easy to cause damage to the model. It cannot well meet the construction party's needs for convenient and fast testing, and it is difficult to adapt to the rapid construction of urban subways. .

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mold for making a shield tunnel scale model in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具,包括外模及内模,内模嵌套于外模内,外模与内模为两个同心圆环;A mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel, including an outer mold and an inner mold, the inner mold is nested in the outer mold, and the outer mold and the inner mold are two concentric rings;

所述外模的圆环内表面设有外模环缝及外模内凸起;The annular inner surface of the outer mold is provided with an outer mold annular seam and an inner protrusion of the outer mold;

所述内模的圆环外表面设有内模外凸起。The outer surface of the ring of the inner mold is provided with an outer protrusion of the inner mold.

进一步地,所述的外模内凸起及内模外凸起为楔形凸起,便于浇筑成型后快速脱模。Further, the inner protrusions of the outer mold and the outer protrusions of the inner mold are wedge-shaped protrusions, which are convenient for rapid demoulding after casting.

进一步地,所述外模为使用刚性材料制成的外模。Further, the outer mold is an outer mold made of rigid material.

进一步地,所述内模为使用柔性材料制成的内模。Further, the inner mold is made of flexible material.

进一步地,所述内模外凸起为木制肋条,木制肋条固定于内模的圆环外表面。Further, the outer protrusion of the inner mold is a wooden rib, and the wooden rib is fixed on the outer surface of the inner mold.

进一步地,所述内模通过木板支撑定位嵌套于外模内。Further, the inner mold is positioned and nested in the outer mold through wooden support.

进一步地,所述外模环缝及外模内凸起焊接于外模的圆环内表面。Further, the annular seam of the outer mold and the inner protrusion of the outer mold are welded to the circular inner surface of the outer mold.

进一步地,所述外模及内模分别沿径向分为四个环片,四个环片拼接构成一个整环。Further, the outer mold and the inner mold are respectively divided into four ring pieces along the radial direction, and the four ring pieces are spliced to form a complete ring.

进一步地,所述外模环缝及外模内凸起用于模拟正弯矩;Further, the annular seam of the outer mold and the inner protrusion of the outer mold are used to simulate a positive bending moment;

所述内模外凸起用于模拟负弯矩。The inner and outer protrusions are used to simulate negative bending moments.

进一步地,所述外模内凸起及内模外凸起的凸起高度由纵缝相对管片的抗弯刚度缩减系数决定,根据该抗弯刚度缩减系数设置凸起高度,使得刚度等效;Further, the protrusion heights of the inner protrusions of the outer mold and the outer protrusions of the inner mold are determined by the bending stiffness reduction coefficient of the longitudinal seam relative to the segment, and the protrusion height is set according to the bending stiffness reduction coefficient so that the stiffness is equivalent to ;

理论计算公式为:The theoretical calculation formula is:

Figure BDA0004122536100000021
Figure BDA0004122536100000021

Figure BDA0004122536100000022
Figure BDA0004122536100000022

Figure BDA0004122536100000023
Figure BDA0004122536100000023

式中EI表示管片抗弯刚度,EI表示接缝抗弯刚度,E为管片材料的弹性模量,I为截面惯性矩,h为管片厚度,b为管片环宽,H为接缝处管片厚度,λ为抗弯刚度缩减系数。In the formula, EI represents the bending stiffness of the segment, EI represents the bending stiffness of the joint, E is the elastic modulus of the segment material, I is the moment of inertia of the section, h is the thickness of the segment, b is the ring width of the segment, and H is The thickness of the segment at the joint, λ is the reduction factor of the bending stiffness.

与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明通过在内模设置凸起模拟负弯矩,在外膜设置凸起模拟正弯矩,能够在整环浇筑的情况下,使得浇筑出的管片结构模型在纵缝与环缝处有效截面减小,从而较好地模拟真实隧道环境中管片纵缝与环缝拼接处结构强度的削弱。1. In the present invention, by setting protrusions on the inner mold to simulate negative bending moments, and setting protrusions on the outer membrane to simulate positive bending moments, in the case of whole ring casting, the cast segment structure model can be placed at the longitudinal joint and the ring joint. The effective section is reduced, so as to better simulate the weakening of the structural strength at the splicing of the segment longitudinal seam and the annular seam in the real tunnel environment.

2、使用本发明提出的模具制作模型,采用整环浇筑的方式,可以直接同时浇筑多环隧道管片,节省管片制作时间,而无需将管片分开浇筑再拼接。2. Using the mold proposed by the present invention to make a model, and adopting the whole ring pouring method, the multi-ring tunnel segments can be poured directly at the same time, saving the segment production time, without pouring the segments separately and then splicing them.

3、本发明通过将内模及外模分别沿径向分为四个环片,四个环片拼接构成一个整环,实现浇筑完毕后模具能够轻易拆卸,可以直接将外模沿管片径向取下,而无需沿轴向缓慢抽出。3. In the present invention, the inner mold and the outer mold are respectively divided into four ring pieces in the radial direction, and the four ring pieces are spliced to form a whole ring, so that the mold can be easily disassembled after the pouring is completed, and the outer mold can be directly divided along the diameter of the pipe piece. without pulling it out slowly in the axial direction.

4、本发明中外模采用刚性材料制成,外模可以循环使用,拆除时直接沿径向拉出即可,无需从沿轴向拉出。内模采用柔材料制作而成,不仅制作方便,同时柔性材料易于撕扯,从而能够快速拆卸,节约了脱模时间。4. The outer mold in the present invention is made of rigid material, and the outer mold can be recycled. When dismantled, it can be pulled out directly in the radial direction instead of in the axial direction. The inner mold is made of soft material, which is not only convenient to make, but also easy to tear, so that it can be disassembled quickly and saves demoulding time.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的外模结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of outer mold of the present invention;

图2为本发明的内模结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the internal mold structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

图3为浇筑完成的盾构隧道管片示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the poured shield tunnel segment.

附图标记:1-外模,2-外模环缝,3-外模内凸起,4-内模外凸起,5-内模,6-管片内纵缝,7-管片外纵缝,8-管片环缝。Reference signs: 1-outer mold, 2-circular seam of outer mold, 3-inner protrusion of outer mold, 4-outer protrusion of inner mold, 5-inner mold, 6-inner longitudinal seam of segment, 7-outer segment Longitudinal seam, 8-segment circular seam.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。本实施例以本发明技术方案为前提进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

针对现有技术中盾构隧道模型制作存在的问题与分块浇筑的缺陷,本发明提出了一种制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具,考虑在整环浇筑的前提下设置模具楔形凸起,使管片模型出现凹槽以模拟截面强度削弱的特性;模拟纵缝的凹槽又分为内凹槽和外凹槽,承受正弯矩的纵缝设置内凹槽,承受负弯矩的纵缝设置外凹槽;同时,整环采用4个1/4环模具拼接而成,外模采用刚性材料制成,内模采用柔性材料制成,方便浇筑完毕后拆模。In view of the problems existing in the production of shield tunnel models and the defects of block casting in the prior art, the present invention proposes a mold for making a scaled-scale model of shield tunnels. Considering that the wedge-shaped protrusions of the mold are set on the premise of whole-circle pouring, Grooves appear in the segment model to simulate the weakening characteristics of the section strength; the grooves for simulating longitudinal joints are divided into inner grooves and outer grooves. At the same time, the whole ring is spliced by 4 1/4 ring molds, the outer mold is made of rigid material, and the inner mold is made of flexible material, which is convenient for demoulding after pouring.

具体的,如图1-3所示,模具包括外模1及内模2,内模2嵌套于外模1内,外模1与内模2为两个同心圆环;Specifically, as shown in Figure 1-3, the mold includes an outer mold 1 and an inner mold 2, the inner mold 2 is nested in the outer mold 1, and the outer mold 1 and the inner mold 2 are two concentric rings;

外模1的圆环内表面设有外模环缝2及外模内凸起3;内模2的圆环外表面设有内模外凸起4,用于减小接缝处有效截面面积。The inner surface of the ring of the outer mold 1 is provided with an annular seam 2 of the outer mold and an inner protrusion 3 of the outer mold; the outer surface of the ring of the inner mold 2 is provided with an outer protrusion 4 of the inner mold, which is used to reduce the effective cross-sectional area of the seam .

本实施例中,外模内凸起3及内模外凸起4设置为楔形凸起,方便模型制作完后脱落模型。In this embodiment, the inner protrusions 3 of the outer mold and the outer protrusions 4 of the inner mold are configured as wedge-shaped protrusions, which facilitates the model to fall off after the model is made.

外模1及内模2分别沿径向分为四个环片,四个环片拼接构成一个整环。外模环缝2及外模内凸起3焊接于外模1的圆环内表面。内模外凸起4为木制肋条,木制肋条固定于内模2的圆环外表面。The outer mold 1 and the inner mold 2 are respectively divided into four ring pieces along the radial direction, and the four ring pieces are spliced to form a complete ring. The annular seam 2 of the outer mold and the inner protrusion 3 of the outer mold are welded to the inner surface of the ring of the outer mold 1 . The outer protrusion 4 of the inner mold is a wooden rib, and the wooden rib is fixed on the outer surface of the ring of the inner mold 2 .

外模1为使用刚性材料制成的外模,内模2为使用柔性材料制成的内模。本实施例中,外模1采用钢板制成,外模可以循环使用,拆除时直接沿径向拉出即可,无需从沿轴向拉出。内模2采用柔性PVC薄板制作而成,不仅制作方便,同时PVC薄板柔度大,易于撕扯,从而能够快速拆卸,节约了脱模时间。The outer mold 1 is an outer mold made of a rigid material, and the inner mold 2 is an inner mold made of a flexible material. In this embodiment, the outer mold 1 is made of steel plate, and the outer mold can be recycled. When dismantled, it can be pulled out directly in the radial direction instead of in the axial direction. The inner mold 2 is made of flexible PVC sheet, which is not only convenient to manufacture, but also flexible and easy to tear, so that it can be disassembled quickly and saves demoulding time.

本实施例中,内模2通过木板支撑定位嵌套于外模1内。In this embodiment, the inner mold 2 is positioned and nested in the outer mold 1 through the support of wooden boards.

与现有技术相比,本发明提出的制作盾构隧道缩尺模型的模具,能够在整环浇筑的情况下,较好地模拟真实隧道环境中管片纵缝与环缝拼接处结构强度的削弱。其中需要经过结构计算找到承受正、负弯矩的纵缝位置,在内模2设置凸起模拟负弯矩,在外膜1设置凸起模拟正弯矩。进而通过理论计算纵缝相对管片的抗弯刚度缩减系数,根据该系数设置凹槽的深度,使得刚度等效。Compared with the prior art, the mold for making the scaled-scale model of the shield tunnel proposed by the present invention can better simulate the structural strength of the segment longitudinal seam and the ring seam joint in the real tunnel environment under the condition of whole ring pouring. weaken. Among them, it is necessary to find the position of the longitudinal seam that bears the positive and negative bending moments through structural calculation, set the protrusion on the inner mold 2 to simulate the negative bending moment, and set the protrusion on the outer membrane 1 to simulate the positive bending moment. Furthermore, the bending stiffness reduction coefficient of the longitudinal seam relative to the segment is calculated theoretically, and the depth of the groove is set according to the coefficient to make the stiffness equivalent.

理论计算公式为:The theoretical calculation formula is:

Figure BDA0004122536100000041
Figure BDA0004122536100000041

Figure BDA0004122536100000042
Figure BDA0004122536100000042

Figure BDA0004122536100000043
Figure BDA0004122536100000043

式中EI表示管片抗弯刚度,EI表示接缝抗弯刚度,E为管片材料的弹性模量,I为截面惯性矩,h为管片厚度,b为管片环宽,H为接缝处管片厚度,λ为抗弯刚度缩减系数。In the formula, EI represents the bending stiffness of the segment, EI represents the bending stiffness of the joint, E is the elastic modulus of the segment material, I is the moment of inertia of the section, h is the thickness of the segment, b is the ring width of the segment, and H is The thickness of the segment at the joint, λ is the reduction factor of the bending stiffness.

凸起的设计使得浇筑出来的隧道管片具有环缝,且可以直接同时浇筑多环隧道管片,节省管片制作时间,而无需将管片分开浇筑再拼接;本发明也能够顺利实现浇筑完毕后模具的拆卸,可以直接将模具沿管片径向取下,而无需沿轴向缓慢抽出。The convex design makes the poured tunnel segments have annular seams, and can directly pour multi-ring tunnel segments at the same time, saving the production time of the segments without pouring and splicing the segments separately; the invention can also successfully complete the pouring After the disassembly of the mold, the mold can be directly removed along the radial direction of the segment without slowly pulling out along the axial direction.

本发明综合考虑了对实际隧道模型纵缝环缝处强度的削弱,以及浇筑完毕后拆模的便利性,具有使用方便、还原度高的特点,能够创造良好经济效益和科研价值。The invention comprehensively considers the weakening of the strength of the longitudinal seam and annular seam of the actual tunnel model, and the convenience of removing the formwork after pouring, has the characteristics of convenient use and high reduction degree, and can create good economic benefits and scientific research value.

以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The mould for manufacturing the shield tunnel scale model is characterized by comprising an outer mould (1) and an inner mould (2), wherein the inner mould (2) is nested in the outer mould (1), and the outer mould (1) and the inner mould (2) are two concentric rings;
the inner surface of the circular ring of the outer mold (1) is provided with an outer mold circumferential seam (2) and an outer mold inner bulge (3);
an inner mold outer bulge (4) is arranged on the outer surface of the circular ring of the inner mold (2).
2. The mould for manufacturing the shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the outer mould inner bulge (3) and the inner mould outer bulge (4) are wedge-shaped bulges.
3. A mould for making a scaled mould for a shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer mould (1) is an outer mould made of a rigid material.
4. A mould for making a scaled model of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner mould (2) is an inner mould made of flexible material.
5. The mould for manufacturing a shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the inner mould outer bulge (4) is a wooden rib which is fixed on the outer surface of the circular ring of the inner mould (2).
6. A mould for manufacturing a shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner mould (2) is nested in the outer mould (1) by means of plank support positioning.
7. The mould for manufacturing the shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the outer mould circumferential seam (2) and the outer mould inner bulge (3) are welded on the inner surface of the circular ring of the outer mould (1).
8. The mould for manufacturing the shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the outer mould (1) and the inner mould (2) are respectively divided into four annular sheets along the radial direction, and the four annular sheets are spliced to form a whole ring.
9. The mould for manufacturing the shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the external mould circumferential seam (2) and the external mould inner bulge (3) are used for simulating positive bending moment;
the inner mold outer bulge (4) is used for simulating a hogging moment.
10. The mold for manufacturing a shield tunnel scale model according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion heights of the outer mold inner protrusion (3) and the inner mold outer protrusion (4) are determined by bending rigidity reduction coefficients of longitudinal slits relative to the segments, and the protrusion heights are set according to the bending rigidity reduction coefficients so that the rigidity is equivalent;
the theoretical calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0004122536090000011
Figure FDA0004122536090000012
Figure FDA0004122536090000021
wherein EI represents the bending rigidity of the segment, EI Splicing joint Elastic die for expressing bending stiffness of joint and E being duct piece materialThe quantity I is the section moment of inertia, H is the thickness of the duct piece, b is the annular width of the duct piece, H is the thickness of the duct piece at the joint, and lambda is the bending rigidity reduction coefficient.
CN202310236567.8A 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 A mold for making a scale model of a shield tunnel Pending CN116117991A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116872349A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-10-13 江汉大学 Mould with totally cut-off flexible joint tunnel model

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116872349A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-10-13 江汉大学 Mould with totally cut-off flexible joint tunnel model
CN116872349B (en) * 2023-08-16 2024-01-23 江汉大学 Mould with totally cut-off flexible joint tunnel model

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