CN116117298A - Method for repairing copper-steel electron beam welding seam defect - Google Patents
Method for repairing copper-steel electron beam welding seam defect Download PDFInfo
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- CN116117298A CN116117298A CN202310053924.7A CN202310053924A CN116117298A CN 116117298 A CN116117298 A CN 116117298A CN 202310053924 A CN202310053924 A CN 202310053924A CN 116117298 A CN116117298 A CN 116117298A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam welding seam defect, which comprises the following steps: removing defects in a copper-steel electron beam welding seam of a butt joint of a stainless steel workpiece and a copper alloy workpiece by adopting an electric hand drill, grinding a conical hole by adopting an electric grinder, grinding a conical property at the end by adopting a copper welding wire with consistent base material, inserting the end of the grinded copper welding wire into the conical hole which is ground on the surface of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam, firmly riveting the conical hole, and fixing the other end of the welding wire on the stainless steel workpiece by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode; and (3) welding the riveted copper wire part for one time by adopting an electron beam welding mode, polishing a welding leakage after welding, and sending an X-ray for inspection. The invention effectively solves the problem that defects such as concave surface, internal cracks, inclusions and the like of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam cannot be subjected to direct repair welding, improves the product repair qualification rate, avoids product scrapping caused by the defects, ensures the product production progress and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for repairing defects of a copper-steel electron beam welding seam, and belongs to the technical field of electron beam welding of dissimilar materials.
Background
For defects such as inclusion, cracks and surface pits in the copper-steel electron beam welding seam, the traditional method has two defects, namely, repair welding is performed by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode after the defects are eliminated, but for the copper-steel electron beam welding seam, the heat input amount is larger during the repair welding of the manual argon arc welding because the copper alloy is fast in heat conduction, and the stress generated in the repair welding process is larger, so that the copper-steel electron beam welding seam near the repair welding is extremely easy to crack. The other method is to directly adopt electron beam welding to repair welding, but the method has no capability on inclusion defects, because the inclusion defects are generally more dense than copper alloy parent metal and cannot be eliminated in the welding seam by adopting direct electron beam repair welding; and the internal cracks are difficult to eliminate due to the fact that the positions of the internal cracks are difficult to confirm by adopting a direct repair welding mode; the surface pit is deepened by adopting a direct electron beam repair welding mode, and the surface pit cannot be eliminated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the defect repairing method for the copper-steel electron beam welding seam overcomes the defects of the prior art, and the defects are removed, copper welding wires are inlaid, and repair welding is performed in an electron beam welding mode, so that the defects that the manual repair welding heat input quantity for removing the defects is too large or the defects cannot be removed by direct electron beam repair welding are avoided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect, the method comprising the steps of:
punching holes at the surface defect positions of the welding seams by adopting an electric hand drill according to the surface defect marking positions of the copper-steel electron beam welding seams of the stainless steel workpiece and the copper alloy workpiece of the X-ray film, covering the defects, and grinding tapered holes;
selecting a welding wire which is the same as the copper alloy workpiece material, grinding a conical structure at the end of the welding wire, inserting the welding wire with the conical structure into a hole on the surface of a welding seam, and riveting the welding wire with the conical structure into the conical hole for fixation;
the other end of the welding wire is positioned on the outer surface of the stainless steel workpiece.
And welding the part embedded with the copper welding wire in an electron beam welding mode, polishing welding wires on the back side and the front side of the welding seam after welding is finished, and performing X-ray inspection.
Preferably, the stainless steel workpiece (1) is made of 1Cr21 Ni5Ti stainless steel, the butt joint thickness is 1mm-2mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200 mm-phi 800mm.
Preferably, the copper alloy workpiece (2) is made of QCr0.8chrome bronze, the butt joint thickness is 2mm-4mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200 mm-phi 800mm.
Preferably, the defect in the copper-steel electron beam weld is an inclusion, a crack or a dishing.
Preferably, when an electric hand drill is adopted for punching, the aperture is 1mm-2mm, and the punching depth is 2mm-4mm; when the conical hole is polished, an electric polisher is used for clamping the conical grinding head, and the taper of the conical hole is 5-10 degrees.
Preferably, the wire diameter is 2mm-3mm; when the end head of the grinding welding wire is in a conical structure, the welding wire is ground to be in a conical structure near the edge of the grinder, and the taper is 5-10 degrees.
Preferably, when riveting the tapered structure wire to the tapered hole, tweezers are used to assist in securing while a flat spade is used to gently strike so that the wire is riveted into the hole.
Preferably, when the other end of the welding wire is positioned to the surface of the stainless steel workpiece by manual argon arc welding, the welding current is positioned: 100A-160A, before positioning, confirming that the clearance between the other end of the welding wire and the surface of the stainless steel workpiece is not more than 0.2.
Preferably, the part inlaid with the copper welding wire is subjected to repair welding in an electron beam welding mode, the distance a between the electron beam welding position and the copper-steel butt joint surface is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the electron beam current is 30mA-50mA, the welding speed is 300mm/min-600mm/min, and the accelerating voltage is 60KV-65KV.
Preferably, the repair welding of the copper wire embedded portion is performed only once by means of electron beam welding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, after defects are removed by a mechanical method, copper welding wires are inlaid in a riveting mode, the other end of each welding wire is positioned on the surface of a stainless steel workpiece in a manual argon arc welding mode, and repair welding is performed in an electron beam welding mode, so that the problem of cracking of brazing joints caused by overlarge heat input of the manual argon arc welding repair welding can be avoided, and meanwhile, the problem that defects cannot be removed in direct electron beam welding repair welding can be avoided, so that the repair qualification rate of the defects of the copper-steel electron beam welding joints is improved from 35% to more than 90%.
2) After the defects in the copper-steel electron beam weld joint are repaired by adopting the method, the problem that the product is scrapped because the defects of the product weld joint cannot be eliminated can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a repair welding structure of a copper-steel electron beam welding defect.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the copper-steel electron beam welding joint used in the invention is composed of a stainless steel workpiece 1, a copper alloy workpiece 2 and a welding wire 3.
Example 1
(1) The stainless steel workpiece 1 is made of 1Cr21 Ni5Ti stainless steel, the butt joint thickness is 1mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200mm; the copper alloy workpiece 2 is made of QCr0.8chrome bronze, the butt joint thickness is 2mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200mm. The defect in the copper-steel electron beam weld that needs to be repaired is inclusions. According to the defect marking positions of the X-ray negative film on the surface of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam of the stainless steel workpiece 1 and the copper alloy workpiece 2, an electric hand drill is adopted to punch holes on the defect positions on the surface of the welding seam to remove the defects, the aperture is 1mm, and the punching depth is 2mm; and (3) adopting a small electric grinding machine to clamp the conical grinding head to grind a conical hole, wherein the taper of the conical hole is 5 degrees, and the conical hole covers the original defect position.
(2) Selecting a welding wire which is the same as the copper alloy workpiece 2 in material, wherein the diameter is 2mm, grinding the welding wire 3 at the edge of a grinder to form a conical structure, the taper is 5 degrees, and grinding the end head of the welding wire to form the conical structure; inserting the conical structure of the welding wire 3 into the conical hole on the surface of the welding seam, and when riveting the welding wire with the conical structure to the conical hole, adopting tweezers to assist in fixing and using a flat shovel to lightly strike at the same time, so that the welding wire is riveted into the hole.
(3) The other end of the welding wire is positioned on the outer surface of the stainless steel workpiece 2 by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode. Positioning welding current: 100A, before positioning, confirm that the clearance between the other end of the welding wire and the surface of the stainless steel workpiece 1 is 0.1mm.
(4) The position inlaid with the copper welding wire is welded by adopting an electron beam welding mode, the distance a between the electron beam welding position and the copper-steel butt joint surface is 0.5mm during repair welding, the electron beam current is 30mA, the welding speed is 300mm/min, the accelerating voltage is 60KV, and the repair welding is performed once. And polishing the welding leakage on the back of the welding line after the welding is finished, and performing X-ray inspection.
After the inclusion defects of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam are repaired by adopting the method, the problem that the defects cannot be eliminated by direct electron beam repair welding is avoided, and the repair qualification rate is improved by adopting a repair welding mode of welding wires after the defects are eliminated. Meanwhile, the repair welding times of the welding seam are ensured to meet the standard requirement, the strength is not lower than 90% of the strength of the base metal, and the I-level welding seam requirement is met.
Example 2
(1) The stainless steel workpiece 1 is made of 1Cr21 Ni5Ti stainless steel, the butt joint thickness is 1mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 500mm; the copper alloy workpiece 2 is made of QCr0.8chrome bronze, the butt joint thickness is 3mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 500mm. The defect in the copper-steel electron beam weld is a crack. Marking positions of copper-steel electron beam weld joint surface defects of the stainless steel workpiece 1 and the copper alloy workpiece 2 according to X-ray films, and punching holes on the weld joint surface defects by adopting an electric hand drill to remove the defects, wherein the aperture is 1.5mm, and the punching depth is 3mm; and a small electric grinding machine is adopted to clamp the conical grinding head to grind a conical hole, and the taper of the conical hole is 7 degrees. The tapered holes cover the original defect locations.
(2) Selecting a welding wire which is the same as the copper alloy workpiece 2 in material and has the diameter of 2mm, grinding the welding wire at the edge of a grinder to form a conical structure, wherein the taper is 7 degrees, and grinding the end head to form the conical structure; inserting the welding wire conical structure into the conical hole on the surface of the welding seam, and when riveting the welding wire with the conical structure to the conical hole, adopting tweezers to assist in fixing and using the flat shovel to lightly strike at the same time, so that the welding wire is riveted into the hole.
(3) The other end of the welding wire is positioned on the outer surface of the stainless steel workpiece 2 by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode. Positioning welding current: 130A, before positioning, the clearance between the other end of the welding wire and the surface of the stainless steel workpiece 1 was confirmed to be 0.2mm.
(4) The position inlaid with the copper welding wire is welded by adopting an electron beam welding mode, the distance a between the electron beam welding position and the copper-steel butt joint surface is 1.0mm during repair welding, the electron beam current is 40mA, the welding speed is 500mm/min, the accelerating voltage is 62KV, and the repair welding is performed once. And polishing the welding leakage on the back of the welding line after the welding is finished, and performing X-ray inspection.
After repairing the crack defect of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam by adopting the method, the problem that the defect cannot be eliminated by direct electron beam repair welding is avoided, and the repair qualification rate is improved by adopting a repair welding mode of welding wires after the defect is eliminated. Meanwhile, the repair welding times of the welding seam are ensured to meet the standard requirement, the strength is not lower than 90% of the strength of the base metal, and the I-level welding seam requirement is met.
Example 3
(1) The stainless steel workpiece 1 is made of 1Cr21 Ni5Ti stainless steel, the butt joint thickness is 2mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 800mm; the copper alloy workpiece 2 is made of QCr0.8chrome bronze, the butt joint thickness is 4mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 800mm. The defect in the copper-steel electron beam weld is a dishing. According to the surface concave positions, punching holes on the surface defect positions of the welding seams of the copper-steel electron beams of the stainless steel workpiece 1 and the copper alloy workpiece 2 by using an electric hand drill to remove defects, wherein the aperture is 2mm, and the punching depth is 4mm; and (3) grinding a conical hole by adopting a small electric grinding machine to clamp the conical grinding head, wherein the taper of the conical hole is 10 degrees. The tapered holes cover the original defect locations.
(2) Selecting a welding wire which is the same as the copper alloy workpiece 2 in material, wherein the diameter is 3mm, grinding the welding wire 3 at the edge of a grinder to form a conical structure, the taper is 10 degrees, and grinding the end head to form the conical structure; inserting the conical structure of the welding wire 3 into the conical hole on the surface of the welding seam, and when riveting the welding wire with the conical structure to the conical hole, adopting tweezers to assist in fixing and using a flat shovel to lightly strike at the same time, so that the welding wire is riveted into the hole.
(3) The other end of the welding wire is positioned on the outer surface of the stainless steel workpiece 2 by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode. Positioning welding current: 160A, confirming that the clearance between the other end of the welding wire and the surface of the stainless steel workpiece 1 is 0.15mm before positioning.
(4) The position inlaid with the copper welding wire is welded by adopting an electron beam welding mode, the distance a between the electron beam welding position and the copper-steel butt joint surface is 1.5mm during repair welding, the electron beam current is 50mA, the welding speed is 600mm/min, the accelerating voltage is 65KV, and the repair welding is performed once. And polishing the welding leakage on the back of the welding line after the welding is finished, and performing X-ray inspection.
After the surface concave defect of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam is repaired by adopting the method, the problem that the defect cannot be eliminated by direct electron beam repair welding is avoided, and the repair qualification rate is improved by adopting a repair welding mode of welding wires after the defect is eliminated. Meanwhile, the repair welding times of the welding seam are ensured to meet the standard requirement, the strength is not lower than 90% of the strength of the base metal, and the I-level welding seam requirement is met.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for repairing the copper-steel electron beam weld defect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
punching holes at the surface defect positions of the welding seam by adopting an electric hand drill according to the surface defect marking positions of the copper-steel electron beam welding seam of the X-ray film stainless steel workpiece (1) and the copper alloy workpiece (2), removing the defects, and grinding tapered holes;
selecting a welding wire (3) which is the same as the copper alloy workpiece (2) in material, grinding a conical structure at the end of the welding wire (3), inserting the welding wire with the conical structure into a hole on the surface of a welding seam, and riveting the welding wire with the conical structure into the conical hole for fixation;
the other end of the welding wire is positioned on the outer surface of the stainless steel workpiece (2).
And welding the part embedded with the copper welding wire in an electron beam welding mode, polishing welding wires on the back side and the front side of the welding seam after welding is finished, and performing X-ray inspection.
2. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: the stainless steel workpiece (1) is made of 1Cr21 Ni5Ti stainless steel, the butt joint thickness is 1mm-2mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200 mm-phi 800mm.
3. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: the copper alloy workpiece (2) is made of QCr0.8chrome bronze, the butt joint thickness is 2mm-4mm, and the diameter of the butt joint part is phi 200 mm-phi 800mm.
4. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: the defects in the copper-steel electron beam weld are inclusions, cracks or surface pits.
5. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: when an electric hand drill is adopted for punching, the aperture is 1mm-2mm, and the punching depth is 2mm-4mm; when the conical hole is polished, an electric polisher is used for clamping the conical grinding head, and the taper of the conical hole is 5-10 degrees.
6. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the welding wire is 2mm-3mm; when the end head of the grinding welding wire is in a conical structure, the welding wire is ground to be in a conical structure near the edge of the grinder, and the taper is 5-10 degrees.
7. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: when the welding wire with the conical structure is riveted to the conical hole, tweezers are adopted for auxiliary fixation, and a flat shovel is used for lightly knocking, so that the welding wire is riveted to the hole.
8. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: positioning welding current when the other end of the welding wire is positioned to the surface of the stainless steel workpiece (1) by adopting manual argon arc welding: 100A-160A, and before positioning, confirming that the clearance between the other end of the welding wire and the surface of the stainless steel workpiece (1) is not more than 0.2.
9. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that the part inlaid with the copper welding wire is subjected to repair welding in an electron beam welding mode, the distance a between the electron beam welding position and the copper-steel butt joint surface is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the electron beam current is 30mA-50mA, the welding speed is 300mm/min-600mm/min, and the accelerating voltage is 60KV-65KV.
10. The method for repairing a copper-steel electron beam weld defect according to claim 1, wherein repair welding of the portion inlaid with the copper wire by means of electron beam welding is performed only once.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310053924.7A CN116117298A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Method for repairing copper-steel electron beam welding seam defect |
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| CN202310053924.7A CN116117298A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Method for repairing copper-steel electron beam welding seam defect |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11885262B1 (en) | 2023-02-10 | 2024-01-30 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Repairs for defects in bores |
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2023
- 2023-02-03 CN CN202310053924.7A patent/CN116117298A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11885262B1 (en) | 2023-02-10 | 2024-01-30 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Repairs for defects in bores |
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