CN116111713A - Deadlock relieving circuit, power supply switching circuit and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Deadlock relieving circuit, power supply switching circuit and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116111713A
CN116111713A CN202310347370.1A CN202310347370A CN116111713A CN 116111713 A CN116111713 A CN 116111713A CN 202310347370 A CN202310347370 A CN 202310347370A CN 116111713 A CN116111713 A CN 116111713A
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power supply
circuit
deadlock
port
power
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CN202310347370.1A
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CN116111713B (en
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孙瑞峰
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Foshan Shunde Hengwei Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Foshan Shunde Hengwei Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and particularly discloses a deadlock relieving circuit, a power supply switching circuit and electronic equipment, wherein the deadlock relieving circuit is used for relieving deadlock of the power supply switching circuit, and the power supply switching circuit comprises a power supply output port, a first power supply port powered by a battery and a second power supply port powered by an external power supply; the deadlock release circuit includes: the deadlock detection circuit (1) is used for detecting the differential pressure between the first power port and the power output port and controlling the output of a high level; and the delay switch circuit (2) is used for charging by using the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and controlling the output low level. The method and the device can realize the release of the deadlock phenomenon in the power supply switching circuit, and greatly improve the maximum power supply efficiency of the battery when the external power supply is disconnected from the access to the power supply and then the battery is used for supplying power.

Description

Deadlock relieving circuit, power supply switching circuit and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular, to a deadlock cancellation circuit, a power switching circuit, and an electronic device.
Background
The power supply switching circuit is used for gating a plurality of power supplies, and in the battery-powered electronic product, when an external power supply is connected, the battery is cut off to supply power to the electronic product so as to adopt the external power supply, and when the external power supply is disconnected, the battery-powered state is restored.
However, the existing power switching circuit has the following problems in the use process: when the external power supply is connected to or disconnected from the battery to supply power, the maximum power supply efficiency of the battery can not reach an ideal state, so that the waste of energy storage of the battery is caused, and the equivalent is that the duration of the battery power supply device is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the maximum power supply efficiency of a battery when an external power supply is connected to or disconnected from the battery and then the battery is used for supplying power, the duration of a battery power supply device is prolonged, and the deadlock relieving circuit, the power supply switching circuit and the electronic equipment are provided.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a deadlock cancellation circuit that adopts the following technical scheme:
a deadlock release circuit for releasing deadlock of a power switching circuit, the power switching circuit comprising a power output port, a first power port powered by a battery and a second power port powered by an external power source; the deadlock release circuit includes:
the deadlock detection circuit is used for detecting the differential pressure between the first power port and the power output port and controlling the output of a high level;
and the delay switch circuit is used for charging by using the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and controlling the output low level.
Through adopting deadlock detection circuit and delay switch circuit that sets up in this application to can be when external power supply from cut-in to disconnection and then adopt the battery to supply power, utilize deadlock detection circuit to detect the differential pressure of first power port and power output port, and control output high level, high level can charge delay switch circuit, and control delay switch circuit output low level, will delay switch circuit output low level inserts in the current power switching circuit, thereby can realize relieving the deadlock phenomenon in the power switching circuit, the biggest power supply efficiency when having improved battery power supply greatly has increased battery power supply unit's duration.
Preferably, the deadlock detection circuit comprises a first input port connected with a first power port and used for collecting initial voltage of a battery when the battery is powered, a second input port connected with a power output port and used for collecting voltage of the power output port, and a first output port for controlling output of a high level when a pressure difference exists between the first input port and the second input port; the delay switch circuit comprises an electric storage module, a third input port connected with the first output port and used for charging the electric storage module by utilizing the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit, and a second output port connected with the electric storage module, controlled by the electric storage module and used for outputting low level.
Preferably, the deadlock detection circuit comprises a PNP triode, an emission set of the PNP triode is connected with the first power port and used for collecting initial battery voltage when the battery is powered, a base electrode of the PNP triode is connected with the power output port and used for collecting voltage of the power output port, and a collector electrode of the PNP triode is used as the first output port.
By adopting the technical scheme of the application to implement the deadlock detection circuit, compared with other embodiments, the deadlock detection circuit has simpler and more reliable circuit structure and lower cost.
Preferably, the delay switching circuit includes: the power supply switching circuit comprises a capacitor and an NPN triode, wherein the capacitor is used for receiving the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit to charge, and when the voltage difference between two ends of the capacitor reaches a threshold value, the NPN triode is controlled to be conducted, and the collector electrode of the NPN triode outputs a low level to change the deadlock state of the power supply switching circuit when an external power supply is switched on and off and then a battery is used for supplying power.
By adopting the technical scheme of the application to implement the delay switch circuit, compared with other embodiments, the delay switch circuit has simpler and more reliable circuit structure and lower cost.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a power switching circuit that adopts the following technical scheme:
the power supply switching circuit comprises the deadlock relieving circuit, a first switching circuit for controlling the battery to switch on and off a power supply circuit of the power supply output port, a second switching circuit for controlling the external power supply to switch on and off the power supply circuit of the power supply output port, and a power supply detection and execution circuit for detecting whether the current power supply interface supplies power to the external power supply and further controlling the on and off; the first end of the power supply detection and execution circuit is connected with the second power supply port, the second end of the power supply detection and execution circuit is connected with the second switch circuit, the third end of the power supply detection and execution circuit is connected with the output end of the delay switch circuit, and the power supply detection and execution circuit is used for receiving the low level output by the delay switch circuit so as to change the deadlock state formed by the second switch circuit and the power supply detection and execution circuit when an external power supply is disconnected from being supplied by a battery.
By adopting the technical scheme, the deadlock relieving circuit can change the deadlock state formed by the second switching circuit and the power detection and execution circuit when the external power supply is switched on and off and then the battery is used for supplying power, so that the maximum power supply efficiency during battery power supply is greatly improved, and the endurance time of the battery power supply device is prolonged.
Preferably, the power supply detection and execution circuit comprises an NMOS tube, the first switch circuit comprises a first PMOS tube, the second switch circuit comprises a second PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube are all connected with the second power supply port, the source electrode of the NMOS tube is grounded, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the second PMOS tube, meanwhile, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second PMOS tube through a voltage dividing resistor, and the second output port of the delay switch circuit is connected between the grid electrode of the NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube, so that the first PMOS tube is controlled to be conducted while the NMOS tube and the second PMOS tube are controlled to be disconnected, and the voltage of the power supply output port is equal to the voltage of the first power supply port when the battery is used for supplying power.
Preferably, the power supply detection and execution circuit further includes: and one end of the discharge resistor is grounded, and the other end of the discharge resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube.
Preferably, the first switching circuit further includes: and the grid electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the first power port, and the source electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube and is used for improving the detection voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and avoiding the critical point.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an electronic device comprises a battery module and the power supply switching circuit.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:
through deadlock detection circuit and delay switch circuit that sets up in this application to can be when external power source from cut-in to disconnection and then adopt the battery to supply power, utilize deadlock detection circuit to detect the differential pressure of first power port and power output port, and control output high level, high level can charge delay switch circuit, and control delay switch circuit output low level, will delay switch circuit output low level inserts in the current power switching circuit, thereby can realize relieving the deadlock phenomenon in the power switching circuit, the biggest power supply efficiency when having improved battery power supply greatly, has increased battery power supply unit's duration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic of a prior art power switching circuit.
Fig. 2 is a circuit schematic of a deadlock release circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a deadlock detection circuit; 2. a delay switching circuit; 3. a first switching circuit; 4. a second switching circuit; 5. and a power supply detection and execution circuit.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with fig. 1-3.
As shown in fig. 1, when an external power supply (vcc_ext) is in an initial off state after power-on reset, a gate G terminal of Q1 is at a low level to turn Q1 off, which results in turn-off of Q2 and turn-on of Q3, and at this time, battery power (vcc_bat) supplies power to a power supply output terminal (vcc_out) through Q3. When the external power supply (VCC_EXT) is connected for the first time, Q3 is cut off, the battery power supply (VCC_BAT) is cut off, Q1 and Q2 are conducted, and the external power supply (VCC_EXT) supplies power to the power supply output terminal (VCC_OUT) through Q2. When the external power supply (vcc_ext) is disconnected for the first time, because the level of the drain D of Q2 is high, Q1 remains on to form a deadlock, resulting in Q3 being off, and at this time, the battery power (vcc_bat) is supplied to the power supply output terminal (vcc_out) through the body diode of Q3, because the forward conduction voltage drop (0.6-0.7V) of the body diode (typically made of silicon) decreases the utilization efficiency of the battery power, for example, when vcc_bat is 5V, the maximum value of the battery power supply efficiency is (5-0.6)/5=88%.
The embodiment of the application discloses a deadlock release circuit. Referring to fig. 2, a deadlock release circuit for releasing a deadlock for a power switching circuit, the power switching circuit including a power output port, a first power port powered by a battery, and a second power port powered by an external power source; the deadlock release circuit includes:
the deadlock detection circuit 1 is used for detecting the differential pressure between the first power port and the power output port and controlling the output of a high level;
the deadlock detection circuit 1 comprises a first input port, a second input port and a first output port, wherein the first input port is connected with a first power supply port and is used for collecting initial voltage of a battery when the battery is powered, the second input port is connected with a power supply output port and is used for collecting voltage of the power supply output port, and the first output port is used for controlling output of high level when a pressure difference exists between the first input port and the second input port; in one embodiment, the deadlock detection circuit includes a PNP triode, an emitter of the PNP triode is connected to the first power supply port and is used for collecting initial voltage of the battery when the battery is powered, a base of the PNP triode is connected to the power supply output port and is used for collecting voltage of the power supply output port, and a collector of the PNP triode is used as the first output port. In other embodiments, other circuitry may be employed to implement the functionality of the deadlock detection circuit.
And the delay switch circuit 2 is used for charging by using the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and controlling the output low level.
The delay switch circuit 2 includes an electric storage module, a third input port connected to the first output port for charging the electric storage module with the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit 1, and a second output port connected to the electric storage module for controlling the electric storage module and outputting a low level. In one embodiment, the delay switch circuit 2 comprises: the power supply switching circuit comprises a capacitor and an NPN triode, wherein the capacitor is used for receiving the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit to charge, and when the voltage difference between two ends of the capacitor reaches a threshold value, the NPN triode is controlled to be conducted, and the collector electrode of the NPN triode outputs a low level to change the deadlock state of the power supply switching circuit when an external power supply is switched on and off and then a battery is used for supplying power. In other embodiments, other circuits with switching action may be used to implement the delay switch circuit 2.
After the deadlock relieving circuit is adopted, deadlock phenomenon in the power supply switching circuit can be relieved, and battery power supply efficiency of the power supply switching circuit when an external power supply is switched on and off and then a battery is adopted for power supply is greatly improved. I.e., as shown in fig. 1, Q3 is not deadlocked to turn on, then its body diode is shorted, and the VCC5V output voltage is the battery voltage (5V) minus the voltage drop of Q3 when the load current is on (very small and negligible).
The embodiment also discloses a power supply switching circuit. As shown in fig. 3, a power switching circuit includes the deadlock relieving circuit described in any one of the above, and further includes a first switch circuit 3 for controlling the on-off of the power supply circuit of the battery to the power output port, a second switch circuit 4 for controlling the on-off of the external power supply to the power output port, and a power detection and execution circuit 5 for detecting whether the current power interface is powered by the external power supply and controlling the on-off; the first end of the power supply detection and execution circuit 5 is connected with the second power supply port, the second end of the power supply detection and execution circuit 5 is connected with the second switch circuit 4, the third end of the power supply detection and execution circuit 5 is connected with the output end of the delay switch circuit 2, and the power supply detection and execution circuit is used for receiving the low level output by the delay switch circuit so as to change the deadlock state formed by the second switch circuit and the power supply detection and execution circuit when the external power supply is disconnected from the on state and then the power supply is supplied by adopting a battery.
In an embodiment, the power supply detecting and executing circuit 5 includes an NMOS tube, the first switch circuit 3 includes a first PMOS tube, the second switch circuit 4 includes a second PMOS tube, the gate of the NMOS tube, the gate of the first PMOS tube, and the drain of the second PMOS tube are all connected to the second power supply port, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, the drain of the NMOS tube is connected to the gate of the second PMOS tube, and meanwhile, the drain of the NMOS tube is connected to the source of the second PMOS tube through a voltage dividing resistor, and the second output port of the delay switch circuit is connected between the gate of the NMOS tube, the gate of the first PMOS tube, and the drain of the second PMOS tube, so that the first PMOS tube is controlled to be turned on while the NMOS tube and the second PMOS tube are controlled to be turned off, so that the voltage of the power supply output port is equal to the voltage of the first power supply port when the battery is used for supplying power.
In one embodiment, the power detection and execution circuit further comprises: and one end of the discharge resistor is grounded, and the other end of the discharge resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube.
In one embodiment, the first switching circuit 3 further includes: the grid electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the first power port, the source electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube, and the third PMOS tube is used for improving the detection voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and avoiding the critical point; because the forward conduction voltage of one body diode (generally made of silicon) is 0.7V, which is equivalent to the conduction voltage of the emitter junction of Q4, a critical point can appear, and the deadlock detection circuit becomes unreliable along with the drift or difference of Q4 parameters, and if two forward body diodes are used for series connection, the detection voltage is 1.4V, the critical point can be avoided far, and the reliability of the deadlock detection circuit is improved.
Optionally, in the above circuit, in order to make the components work normally to avoid burning out, a voltage dividing resistor may be added in each circuit.
The embodiment also discloses an electronic device. An electronic device comprising a battery module and the power switching circuit of any one of the above.
The implementation principle of the power supply switching circuit in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when an external power supply (VCC_EXT) is disconnected for the first time, because the level of a drain electrode D of Q2 is high, Q1 and Q2 are kept on to form deadlock, Q3 and Q5 are cut off, at the moment, battery power (VCC_BAT) is supplied to a power supply output end (VCC_OUT) through body diodes of Q3 and Q5, forward conduction voltage drop (0.6-0.7 v) of the body diodes is generated, so that a voltage difference (1.2-1.4 v) is generated on a transmitting junction of R5 and Q4, Q4 is conducted, C2 is charged through R6, and when the voltage difference of Vc2 reaches a threshold value, Q6 is conducted to force Q1 to be closed, so that deadlock phenomenon is relieved, Q3 and Q5 are conducted, power supply efficiency loss caused by power supply of battery power (VCC_BAT) to the power supply output end (VCC_OUT) through the body diodes of Q3 and Q5 is avoided, and the defects of the prior art are overcome; i.e., Q3, Q5 is not deadlocked and is turned on, then its body diode is shorted, and the VCC5V output voltage is the battery voltage (5V) minus the voltage drop of Q3, Q5 when the load current is turned on (which is negligible).
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. The deadlock relieving circuit is characterized by being used for relieving deadlock of a power supply switching circuit, and the power supply switching circuit comprises a power supply output port, a first power supply port powered by a battery and a second power supply port powered by an external power supply; the deadlock release circuit includes:
the deadlock detection circuit (1) is used for detecting the differential pressure between the first power port and the power output port and controlling the output of a high level;
and the delay switch circuit (2) is used for charging by using the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and controlling the output low level.
2. The deadlock resolution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the deadlock detection circuit (1) comprises a first input port connected to a first power supply port for collecting a battery initial voltage when battery powered, a second input port connected to a power supply output port for collecting a power supply output port voltage, and a first output port for controlling the output of a high level when there is a voltage difference between the first input port and the second input port; the delay switch circuit (2) comprises an electric storage module, a third input port connected with the first output port and used for charging the electric storage module by utilizing the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit, and a second output port connected with the electric storage module, controlled by the electric storage module and used for outputting low level.
3. The deadlock release circuit according to claim 2, wherein the deadlock detection circuit (1) further comprises a PNP transistor, an emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the first power supply port and is used for collecting initial voltage of the battery when the battery is powered, a base of the PNP transistor is connected to the power supply output port and is used for collecting voltage of the power supply output port, and a collector of the PNP transistor is used as the first output port.
4. Deadlock release circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the delay switch circuit (2) comprises: the power supply switching circuit comprises a capacitor and an NPN triode, wherein the capacitor is used for receiving the output voltage of the deadlock detection circuit to charge, and when the voltage difference between two ends of the capacitor reaches a threshold value, the NPN triode is controlled to be conducted, and the collector electrode of the NPN triode outputs a low level to change the deadlock state of the power supply switching circuit when an external power supply is switched on and off and then a battery is used for supplying power.
5. A power switching circuit, characterized by: the deadlock relieving circuit comprises the deadlock relieving circuit of any one of claims 1 to 4, and further comprises a first switching circuit (3) for controlling the on-off of the battery to the power output port power supply circuit, a second switching circuit (4) for controlling the on-off of the external power supply to the power output port power supply circuit, and a power detection and execution circuit (5) for detecting whether the current power interface is powered by the external power supply so as to control the on-off; the first end of the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) is connected with a second power supply port, the second end of the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) is connected with a second switch circuit (4), the third end of the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) is connected with the output end of the delay switch circuit (2) and is used for receiving the low level output by the delay switch circuit (2) so as to change the deadlock state formed by the second switch circuit (4) and the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) when an external power supply is switched on and off and then power is supplied by a battery.
6. The power switching circuit of claim 5, wherein: the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) comprises an NMOS tube, the first switch circuit (3) comprises a first PMOS tube, the second switch circuit (4) comprises a second PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube are all connected with a second power supply port, the source electrode of the NMOS tube is grounded, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the second PMOS tube, meanwhile, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second PMOS tube through a voltage dividing resistor, and the second output port of the delay switch circuit is connected between the grid electrode of the NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube, so that the first PMOS tube is controlled to be conducted when the NMOS tube and the second PMOS tube are controlled to be disconnected, and the voltage of the power supply port is equal to the voltage of the first power supply port when the battery is used for supplying power.
7. The power switching circuit of claim 6, wherein: the power supply detection and execution circuit (5) further comprises: and one end of the discharge resistor is grounded, and the other end of the discharge resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube.
8. The power switching circuit of claim 6, wherein: the first switch circuit (3) further comprises: and the grid electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the first power port, and the source electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube and is used for improving the detection voltage of the deadlock detection circuit and avoiding the critical point.
9. An electronic device comprising a battery module and the power switching circuit of any one of claims 5-8.
CN202310347370.1A 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Deadlock relieving circuit, power supply switching circuit and electronic equipment Active CN116111713B (en)

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林伟军等: "发电机启动电池自动切换装置在海上平台的应用", 《今日制造与升级》, pages 35 - 37 *

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