CN116093845A

CN116093845A - Cable outdoor terminal installation process

Info

Publication number: CN116093845A
Application number: CN202211679030.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周宏�; 许强; 顾黄晶; 原佳亮; 梅珊珊; 王东源; 孙伟莎; 邱漫诗; 杨天宇; 王骁迪; 宋炳辰
Original assignee: State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-26
Filing date: 2022-12-26
Publication date: 2023-05-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable outdoor terminal installation process, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a cable to be installed, an outdoor terminal and accessories thereof, and performing standardized inspection; carrying out surface cleaning and cutting on the cable, and stripping the outer sheath and the metal sheath of the cable; heating and straightening the cable part from which the metal sheath is removed; sawing off the redundant length of cable; insulating and externally shielding the tail end of the cable; the cable is connected with the plug rod in a crimping way, a tinned copper net is welded at the tail end of the cable, a stress cone is installed, a sleeve is inserted, a tail pipe is inserted, insulating oil is injected into the sleeve, a fitting is installed, a metal sheath is used for sealing lead, a heat shrinkage pipe is installed at the tail pipe, and the tail pipe is grounded. Compared with the prior art, the invention standardizes the whole installation process of the cable outdoor terminal, ensures the reliable installation of the cable and the outdoor terminal, and ensures the subsequent product use performance.

Description

Cable outdoor terminal installation process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor terminal installation, in particular to a cable outdoor terminal installation process.

Background

A gas insulated terminal (Gas Insulated Switchgear, abbreviated as outdoor terminal) is a cable terminal installed inside a Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) and having sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) gas as an external insulation gas insulation part. The high-voltage outdoor terminal mainly comprises a high-voltage cable, an epoxy sleeve and an internal insulation structure.

In the existing scheme for installing the cable into the outdoor terminal, most of the prior scheme only introduces rough flows of main steps, namely three steps of cable treatment, stress pile assembly and terminal assembly, but specific process details and requirements of the steps are not fully standardized, so that the outdoor terminal is better in installation and is polluted, and the performance of the outdoor terminal is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a cable outdoor terminal installation process.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

an installation process of an outdoor terminal of a cable comprises the following steps:

s1: acquiring a cable to be installed, an outdoor terminal and accessories thereof, and performing standardized inspection;

s2: straightening a cable to be installed, selecting a datum point, and pre-cutting the cable; measuring the length of the sleeve and the mounting hole distance of the support porcelain seat;

s3: scraping the extruded outer electrode on the surface of the cable outer sheath, removing the outer sheath above the end of the cable outer sheath, removing asphalt outside the metal sheath, and cleaning asphalt on the surface of the metal sheath; measuring the tail end of the metal sheath upwards from the tail end of the cable outer sheath, removing the rest of the metal sheath, and carrying out surface treatment on the measured tail end of the metal sheath; removing the oxide layer at the middle section of the metal sheath, brushing an aluminum welding rod on the metal sheath, and sealing lead;

S4: heating and straightening the cable part from which the metal sheath is removed;

s5: determining the process required length of the cable part with the metal sheath removed, and sawing off the cable with the redundant length;

s6: taking the downward amount of the tail end of the cable as an insulation shielding tail end, peeling an outer semi-conductive shielding layer, cutting the tail end of the stripped exposed insulation layer into a slope, polishing the exposed insulation layer, and polishing the tail end of the insulation layer into a round conical surface; finally cleaning the insulating layer area and coating the preservative film;

s7: determining the stripping requirement length of the insulation layer at the tail end of the cable, stripping the insulation layer with the corresponding length at the tail end of the cable to obtain a cable conductor, removing a spacer on the cable conductor, and performing oxidation removal treatment on the surface of the wire core;

s8: sleeving the plug rod on the cable conductor; the plug rod is tightly adhered to the stop sleeve and the cable insulation, and the gap is not more than 3mm; then starting crimping, wherein crimping ensures the sufficient and reliable crimping of the connection part of the cable core and the connecting pipe, and the sufficient compression ratio is achieved; polishing crimping burrs outside the plug rod;

s9: sequentially winding a semiconductive self-adhesive tape and a tinned copper mesh on the outer semiconductive layer and the metal sheath, coating solder paste on the locking position of the copper binding wire, and then welding by using electric iron, wherein the binding welding part of the copper mesh is subjected to tinning and bottoming treatment; mounting a support porcelain seat on a stand, mounting a lower fitting and a protection fitting, sleeving a heat-shrinkable tube, the protection fitting, a sealing ring, the lower fitting and a sealing ring on a cable, mounting the lower fitting on the support porcelain seat, cleaning a flange surface and the sealing ring of the protection fitting, uniformly smearing a thin silicone grease layer on the sealing ring, pressing the sealing ring into a sealing groove of the protection fitting, and jointing the protection fitting with the lower fitting;

S10: the method comprises the steps of inserting a clean guide sleeve into a wire core, wiping and drying the inner surface of a stress cone, the outer surface of an insulating layer and the outer surface of an outer semi-conductive layer, coating a thin layer of silicone oil on the surface of a cable insulator and the inner surface of the stress cone, and inserting the stress cone into a specified size position of a cable;

s11: inserting the cable head into the sleeve while paying attention to the allowable bending radius of the cable;

s12: mounting a stress cone fixing ring on a lower hardware fitting, and mounting a cable on a tail pipe;

s13: injecting insulating oil from an upper portion of the bushing along the bushing wall;

s14: installing an upper fitting, screwing one end of a screw of a flange protector of the upper fitting into a side hole of a fixed flange on one side of a tail pipe grounding row, and fixing the other end of the screw and a grounding terminal together on the grounding row of the tail pipe;

s15: bending and installing a lead block on a cable metal sheath at a tail pipe of a protection fitting, sequentially wrapping a waterproof belt between the bottom of the tail pipe and an outer sheath to form a sealing layer, and moving a heat shrinkage pipe to the tail pipe for heating shrinkage;

s16: fixing the cable, and finally fixing the cable by using a cable hoop; and fixing the ground wire which is crimped and sealed on the ground bar of the tail pipe, and connecting a protective grounding box or a direct grounding box which is grounded and connected with the tail pipe of the terminal according to the design requirement of a cable line.

Further, the standardized check in step S1 includes:

and (3) checking the working environment:

the installation is avoided in rainy, humid, dust flying, corrosive gas and low temperature environment;

the temperature of the operation environment is controlled to be 5-30 ℃, the humidity is less than 70%, and the cleanliness is such that no visible dust exists under light;

if the operation environment does not meet the requirements, adopting the measures of building a work shed, purifying air and controlling the temperature and humidity of an air conditioner;

material and part inspection:

before unpacking, confirming whether the product package is intact or not, and whether water inflow and wetting phenomenon exist or not;

confirming that the surface of the sleeve is free from collision damage;

confirming that the number of the conductor leading-out rods and the number of the protection hardware components are complete, the aperture is matched, the metal surface is free from deformation, and the contact surface is flat and smooth;

checking that the stress cone is packaged well, wherein a packaging film of the stress cone needs to be detached when the cable is sleeved; confirming that the model of the component is matched with the cable; the appearance inspection of the surface of the stress cone is free from defects of smoothness, no cracking, burrs and bubble pits; the sections of the cables with different voltage levels are required to be matched with the insulation outer diameter and the stress cone inner diameter of the cable; the stress cone and the storage of the insulating strips meet the temperature and humidity requirements, and the insulating strips are used in a storage period, so that the insulation performance is prevented from being reduced; the insulating tape ensures that the electrical performance of the insulating tape meets the installation requirement of a high-voltage accessory, and ensures that swelling does not occur in operation and the stability of the tape is ensured;

The number of the support porcelain seat confirmation parts is complete, and the phenomena of breakage and crack are avoided;

the metal surfaces of the upper hardware fitting, the anti-corona cover, the stress cone fixing ring, the fixing terminal and the grounding terminal are free from deformation, and the contact surface is flat and smooth;

the o-shaped sealing ring has the sealing performance, the surface of the o-shaped sealing ring is smooth and has no defects of cracking, air bubbles, layering, burrs, air holes and sand holes, and the size of the o-shaped sealing ring meets the requirements of matched parameters;

checking cable equipment:

the insulation resistance test results of the protective layer and the body meet the technical requirements of the power company in Shanghai city of the national network, the cable meets the technical requirements of the cable diameter with the bending radius not less than 20, and the cable core is checked to be free from moisture;

checking that the insulation eccentricity of the cable is less than 5%;

checking that the phase of the cable is correct;

the terminal support of the platform support is firm, four sides are straight lines, the plane of the terminal is horizontal and neat, the apertures are matched, and a closed loop cannot be formed by using ferromagnetic materials.

Further, in step S3, the metal sheath is processed to make the metal sheath port evert and take a bell mouth shape, and sharp corner burrs of the bell mouth shape metal sheath port are processed by round grinding; meanwhile, a water-blocking buffer belt is reserved at the fracture of the metal sheath;

the process of brushing the aluminum welding rod on the metal sheath comprises the following steps: selecting a coating range of an aluminum welding rod on a metal sheath, preheating, uniformly coating with the aluminum welding rod, uniformly coating with a lead strip, and compacting; heating again at the lead sealing position, heating the lead welding rod at the same time, and uniformly smearing the lead welding rod at the lead sealing position;

The thickness of the bottom lead formed after lead sealing is +3-5mm after the trough is filled and is smaller than the inner diameter of the tail pipe, the temperature should not be too high when the bottom lead is lined, and the total time should be smaller than 20min.

Further, in step S4, the process of heating and straightening the cable portion of the metal sheath specifically includes: heating the cable part of the metal sheath by a heating straightening device, placing a temperature sensor in the middle of a heating belt, overlapping and wrapping a heat preservation belt on the outermost layer of the heating belt, and continuously heating for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 75-85 ℃; then removing the outer accessories of the cable heating area, manually straightening, fixing and straightening the cable in the most bending direction of the cable heating area by using angular aluminum, and removing the angular aluminum after naturally cooling to room temperature and cooling for not less than 4 hours;

and after heating and straightening, checking the cable near the cable insulation shielding layer by using a tape, wherein the maximum gap in the middle is not more than 2mm, otherwise, reheating for 2-3 h and straightening until the checking is qualified.

Further, in step S5, in the polishing process, different grades of sand paper are adopted to sequentially polish until a round conical surface is formed, and the sand paper is continuously and rapidly moved in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in the polishing process, so that the situation that an insulating surface pit is formed due to long-time polishing at a local position is avoided; during the polishing process, the part of the wrap preservative film of the outer semi-conductive shielding layer which is not polished is protected;

In the polishing process, the insulation diameter of the control cable is not smaller than a nominal value, the insulation diameter of the cable is larger than the inner diameter of the stress cone by 1-4 mm, the roughness of the polished insulation surface is controlled to be Ra1.6 or below, the deviation of the roundness is confirmed to be not larger than 0.5mm, and the roughness is confirmed to be not larger than 1.2um.

Further, in step S11, before the sleeve is mounted, the inner surface of the sleeve is inspected, and after confirming that there is no damage, the sleeve is wiped with a cleaning towel stained with alcohol, and the inner surface of the sleeve is dried by using a heat gun;

after the cable head is inserted into the end of the sleeve, the cable is pulled outward to confirm that the cable head is fully inserted and secured.

Further, in step S12, before the stress cone fixing ring is mounted on the lower fitting, the flange surface and the sealing ring of the lower fitting are cleaned, a thin silicone grease layer is uniformly smeared on the sealing ring, and the sealing ring is pressed into the sealing groove of the lower fitting.

Further, step S15 further includes: bending and installing a lead block on a cable metal sheath at a tail pipe of a protection fitting, wherein the thickness of single-side lead sealing in the lead sealing process is not less than 12mm, and the lead block is apple-shaped; the temperature of the whole lead sealing process is controlled between 120 ℃ and 140 ℃.

Further, in step S15, the half lap wrapping of the two ends of the heat shrinkable tube with the waterproof insulating tape and the PVC tape is specifically: winding waterproof tapes at two ends of the heat shrinkage tube, winding the waterproof tapes in the same direction for 2 reciprocations, and simultaneously stretching the waterproof tapes by 100%; then, the adhesive PVC tape was wound around the surface of the waterproof tape and wound in the same direction for 2 reciprocations while allowing the PVC tape to be 100% stretched.

Further, in step S15, the heat shrinkage of the heat shrinkable tube is specifically performed by heating the heat shrinkable tube with a heat gun or a liquefied gas gun, and the heat shrinkable tube is slowly and uniformly heated from one end to the other end or from the middle to the two ends, so that the inner glue is ensured to be heated to adhere to the contact surface, and glue overflow is formed at the end of the heat shrinkable tube.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) The invention standardizes the whole process of installing the cable outdoor terminal, provides the detailed steps and technical specifications of the whole process line of carrying out standardized inspection, cleaning and marking the cable surface, stripping the cable outer sheath and the metal sheath, carrying out heating straightening and sawing of the cable, polishing the tail end of the cable insulating layer, removing the conductor shielding layer on the cable conductor, crimping the plugging rod, welding the tinned copper net at the tail end of the cable, installing the stress cone, inserting the sleeve, inserting the tail pipe, injecting insulating oil, installing the fitting, sealing the lead of the metal sheath, installing the heat shrinkage tube at the tail pipe and grounding the tail pipe, ensures the reliable installation of the cable and the outdoor terminal, and ensures the subsequent product use performance.

(2) The invention provides a standardized inspection scheme for cables and outdoor terminal accessories, makes clear to specific digital requirements and specifications for operating environments, materials, components, cable equipment and the like, is more beneficial to realizing a standardized cable outdoor terminal installation process, and ensures the reliability of a subsequent installation process.

(3) The invention puts forward specific technological requirements from various angles for lead sealing treatment, heating straightening, polishing and the like of the metal sheath, and ensures the finishing quality of each step in the installation process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cable outdoor terminal installation process provided in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a cable outdoor terminal installation process, which includes the following steps:

Preferably, step S1 specifically includes:

work environment:

1. the installation should be carried out in rainy, humid, dust-fly, corrosive gas and low temperature environment.

2. The temperature of the working environment should be controlled between 5 ℃ and 30 ℃, the humidity is less than 70%, and the cleanliness (no visible dust under strong light) is achieved.

3. When the environment is not accordant, proper measures are needed, a work shed is generally constructed, air is purified, air is controlled to control the temperature and humidity, and construction is allowed after the requirements are met. The operation steps of the installation in the clean room need to be clear of the size and the quantity of the particles in the ten thousand-level clean room.

Material and part inspection:

1. before construction, the box opening inspection should be carried out. Before unpacking, whether the product package is good or not is confirmed, and whether water inflow and wetting phenomenon exist or not is confirmed; after the box is opened, whether the types and the number of the parts are complete or not is confirmed; the surface of the metal part has oxidation phenomenon, whether the plating layer bubbles and falls off, whether the plane deforms, and whether the contact surface, particularly the sealing surface, is flat and smooth.

2. And confirming that the surface of the sleeve is free from abnormal phenomena such as collision damage and the like.

3. The conductor leading-out rod and the protection hardware fitting confirm that the number of the components is complete, the aperture is matched, the metal surface is free from deformation, and the contact surface is flat and smooth.

4. The stress cone is well packed, and the packing film of the stress cone needs to be detachable when the cable is sleeved. Confirming that the model of the component is matched with the cable; storage environment before installation: preserving at room temperature, and preventing moisture and rain; meets the quality assurance requirements: for 2 years; the appearance inspection of the surface of the stress cone has no defects of smoothness, no cracking, no burrs, no bubble pits and the like; the sections of the cables with different voltage levels are required to be matched with the insulation outer diameter and the stress cone inner diameter of the cable; the stress cone and the storage of the insulating strips meet the temperature and humidity requirements, and the insulating strips are used within a storage period, so that the insulation performance is prevented from being reduced; the insulating tape should ensure that its electrical properties meet the high voltage accessory installation requirements and that no swelling occurs during operation and that the tape properties are stable.

5. The number of the support porcelain seat confirmation parts is complete, and the support porcelain seat confirmation device has no abnormal phenomena such as breakage, crack and the like;

6. the metal surfaces of the upper hardware fitting, the anti-corona cover, the stress cone fixing ring, the fixing terminal and the grounding terminal are free from deformation, and the contact surface is flat and smooth;

7. the o-shaped sealing ring has the sealing performance, the surface of the o-shaped sealing ring is smooth and has no defects of cracking, air bubbles, layering, burrs, air holes, sand holes and the like, and the size of the o-shaped sealing ring meets the requirements of matched parameters.

8. Tape storage environment: preserving at room temperature, and preventing moisture and rain; meets the quality assurance requirements: for 2 years; ensuring that all the wrapping strips are matched with the use grade of the high-voltage cable accessories.

Checking cable equipment:

1. the cable insulation is checked prior to installation.

The test result of the insulation resistance of the protective layer and the body meets the technical requirements of the electric company in Shanghai city of China, the cable meets the technological requirements that the bending radius is more than or equal to 20D (D is the diameter of the cable), and the cable core is checked to be free from moisture. (outer sheath insulation resistance DC voltage 10kV,1 min).

2. The cable insulation eccentricity is checked to be less than 5%.

3. Checking that the cable phase is correct.

4. The terminal support of the platform support is firm, four sides are straight lines, the plane of the terminal is horizontal and neat, the apertures are matched, and a closed loop cannot be formed by using ferromagnetic materials.

Installation work program

Cable treatment, compression of conductor extraction bars, cable treatment, part insertion, grounding treatment and corrosion prevention treatment.

The installation preparation key points are as follows: 1) And (5) clearly marking the process key points for the terminal reference positions. (comprising the complex amount of the sleeve size and the cable straightening requirement, reserving the cable size at the datum point, and temporarily sawing the residual wire for the first time by not less than L+0.5m);

the cable installation datum plane is emphasized, the length (L) of the sleeve is measured, the installation hole distance of the support porcelain base is measured, and whether tip objects exist around the sleeve or not is noted during measurement, so that the sleeve cannot be damaged.

2) The temporary secondary sawing process is characterized in that. (the reserved spare wire size of the cable saw wire is not less than L+0.2m);

and straightening the cable, selecting a datum point, and pre-cutting the cable.

Step S2 is used for stripping the cable outer sheath and the metal sheath, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) Stripping the processing technology requirements of the outer sheath, the metal sheath and the semiconductive layer of the outer sheath of the cable. ( The method comprises the steps of process size and sheath stripping process control points, so that the next layer cannot be damaged; metal sheath port treatment process key point )

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. and measuring backwards from the tail end of the cable outer sheath, scraping the extruded external electrode on the surface of the cable outer sheath by using a glass sheet, and taking care not to damage the cable outer sheath.

2. Removing the outer sheath above the end of the cable outer sheath, taking care that the metal sheath is not damaged, cleaning the metal sheath by using stearic acid, paper towel and the like, and removing asphalt outside the metal sheath. And cleaning asphalt on the surface of the metal sheath, and carrying out all roughening treatment on the area by using a steel brush.

3. And the tail end of the cable outer sheath is measured upwards, the tail end of the metal sheath is measured upwards, the rest of the metal sheath is removed, and the cable core is not damaged. And then turning over and trimming the tail end of the metal sheath, removing the burrs at the tip end, and polishing.

Emphasizing the damage-free scratch on the surface required by the cable treatment process; after the graphite layer is removed, the surface of the cable needs to be uniformly roughened so as to ensure that the subsequent heat-shrinkable tube is better fused, adhered, waterproof and dampproof; the port of the metal sheath should be turned outwards moderately to form a horn mouth shape; the fracture of the metal sheath should be reserved with a 2cm water-blocking buffer belt; the sharp corner burrs of the bell mouth are circularly ground by using a file at the end part of the bell mouth of the metal sheath.

2) And stripping the technological requirements of manufacturing the bottom lead and copper mesh welding spots before the cable aluminum sheath is stripped. (the key points of the preparation process of the braided bottom lead, the length/diameter size requirement of the bottom lead, the temperature/time control and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. removing the oxide layer at the middle section of the metal sheath by using a steel brush, brushing the metal sheath by using an aluminum welding rod, wherein the thickness of the bottom lead is about +3-5mm after filling the trough and is smaller than the inner diameter of the tail pipe, the temperature should not be too high when the bottom lead is enameled, and the total time should be smaller than 20min. The size of the ground lead has been considered for braided wire welds.

2. The bottom lead needs to be uniformly compact without gaps, and the size meets the process requirement. And (3) measuring the range of not less than 150+/-10 mm of 110KV cable and not less than 180+/-10 mm of 220KV cable from the fracture of the outer sheath, preheating the metal sheath in the range, uniformly coating with an aluminum welding rod, uniformly coating with a lead strip, and compacting. The technology of bottom lead enamel needs to be "brushing three paint two". And heating the lead sealing position, and simultaneously heating the lead welding rod to uniformly smear the lead welding rod on the lead sealing position. The thickness of the bottom lead is +2mm of the single-side crest of the metal sheath and is smaller than the inner diameter of the tail pipe; it is recommended that the heating flame temperature should not exceed 135 ℃ and that the lead pre-sealing time should not exceed 15 minutes.

Step S3 is used for heating and straightening the cable, and comprises the following specific processes:

the key points are as follows: 1) The heating process and the control key points of the braided cable are provided.

2) Different heating times of cables with different sections are compiled. (heating time is required to be not less than 4 hours)

3) Cooling, fixing and straightening process. (the cooling time must not be less than 6 hours to room temperature, the cable straightening must not be less than 2mm/600 mm)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. and heating and straightening the cable part with the metal sheath removed by using a heating and straightening device from the metal tail end of the cable, placing a temperature sensor in the middle of the heating belt, and overlapping and wrapping a heat preservation belt at the outermost layer. And continuously heating the cable for 75-85 ℃/4-6 hours to eliminate cable stress. And removing the heating belt, manually straightening the heating belt, and finally fixing the straightening cable in the most-bent direction by using angle aluminum butt-buckling. Naturally cooling to room temperature for not shorter than 4h. And (5) dismantling the aluminum angle.

2. And (3) checking and straightening results, namely using a steel tape with the length of 600mm to approach the cable insulation shielding layer, checking at 360 degrees, and if the maximum gap between the steel tape and the cable insulation shielding layer is not larger than 2mm, reheating for 2-3 h and straightening until the steel tape is qualified.

Emphasizing that the heating and straightening process of the cable needs to compile a heating time relation table according to different cable sections; the cable curvature meets the management requirements of Shanghai electric company: every 600mm is less than or equal to 2mm; the cable should be cooled to room temperature.

Step S4 is used for formally sawing wires, and the specific process is as follows:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: and sawing line process notice, process drawing size and other process points. (sawing cables along vertical plane, end faces flush)

The technical control key points are as follows: the cable is sawed along the vertical plane, the sections are flush, and the cutting size of the cable is measured.

Step S5 is used for insulation and external shielding treatment, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) Insulating polishing and process key points: the method comprises the technical requirements of roundness, smoothness, insulating diameter, sand paper polishing sequence key points, a measurement error control range of more than 4 points of X, Y shaft and the like. (roundness deviation of not more than 0.5mm, smoothness of 110kV voltage class of not more than 300 μm,220kV voltage class of not more than 100 μm, recommended not more than 2 μm;)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. the dimension of the reference position is confirmed, the dimension is measured downwards from the tail end of the cable to be the tail end of the insulating shielding, the outer semi-conductive shielding layer is peeled upwards, the force is not excessive when the semi-conductive shielding layer is peeled, the insulating layer is peeled as little as possible, deeper scratches and concave-convex are prevented from being formed on the insulating surface, and the circumference direction of the tail end of the insulating shielding layer is smooth and flat and transits smoothly. The end of the outer semiconducting layer is cut into a slope (the knife edge direction faces the outer semiconducting layer so as not to cut the main insulating layer) and the outer semiconducting layer is smoothly transited with the main insulating layer. All insulating surfaces can only be made with glass sheets (no peeling knife is used).

2. And the tail ends of the cable insulation and the insulation shielding are polished step by adopting the sand paper of 240# sand paper, 400# sand paper, 600# sand paper, 800# sand paper and the like in sequence, so that the tail ends of the cable insulation and the insulation shielding are uniformly transited into round conical surfaces, the sand paper is required to be moved rapidly in the axial direction and the circumferential direction continuously in the polishing process, and the situation that the insulation surface pits are formed due to long-time polishing at local positions is avoided.

3. If the insulation surface has larger concave-convex, the glass sheet or wider sand paper can be used for carrying out local trimming and then polishing, the insulation diameter of the cable is strictly controlled to be not smaller than a nominal value in the whole operation process, the insulation diameter of the cable is larger than the inner diameter of the stress cone by 1-4 mm, and the roughness of the polished insulation surface is controlled to be Ra1.6 or below.

4. The insulation outer diameter of the cable meets the requirements specified in the table above, and the insulation outer diameter in the direction of 4 points X, Y is measured upwards from the fracture of the semiconductive layer outside the cable, recorded into the installation confirmation table, and confirmed that the deviation of the circle straightness is not more than 0.5mm and the roughness is not more than 1.2um.

5. After polishing, the cable is cleaned, wrapped by a preservative film, and is cut and not collided.

2) The processing size of the external shielding port and the processing key point of the port: the technical requirements of port waves, slope length, external shielding fracture and the like are included.

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. the smooth and flat transition between the semi-conductive shielding cutting part and the insulating interface should be specially noted, and the semi-conductive shielding cutting part is not allowed to have steps, pits and saw-tooth phenomena, and only a gentle size difference of not more than 3mm is allowed.

2. In the whole operation process, the outer shielding layer of the cable is temporarily protected by using a preservative film wrapping part which is not polished, and the outer shielding layer of the cable is strictly forbidden to be damaged; the insulation surface requires accurate processing, and the cable insulation surface is strictly forbidden to have semi-conductive residues, and the semi-conductive abrasive belt is strictly forbidden to polish the insulation layer.

3) The technical key points of the insulation polishing process and the insulation wiping cleaning process.

The technical control key points are as follows: the cable insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are cleaned once from the cable insulating layer to the insulating shielding layer, and cleaning in the opposite direction is forbidden. Checking cable insulation, such as residual semiconductive particles, grooves, grease, etc., can be sanded with fine sand paper and cleaned with new cleaning paper.

4) If the special processes such as vulcanization and mirror surface treatment are included, a process scheme is additionally compiled.

Step S6 is used for processing the wire core and the end part, and the specific process is as follows:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: the wire core insulation removal size and the technological key points. (core end face requirement, surface oxidation removal requirement, split conductor treatment, partial process insulation end reaction force cone manufacturing technical requirement)

The technical control key points are as follows: the insulation is stripped from the front end of the cable with an insulation stripper until the conductors are fully exposed. The insulator stripper is gradually adjusted from the lower end of the conductor to ensure that insulation is smooth and conical after stripping. Confirming that no damage exists on the conductor, and enabling the section of the wire core to be level and perpendicular to the axial direction of the cable; removing spacers between the cable split conductors; filling a split conductor with a steel balance core; performing oxidation removal treatment on the surface of the wire core by using sand paper; chamfering is carried out on the conductor.

Step S7 is used for crimping, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) The key point of the compression joint preparation work process is as follows. (including the requirements of the connection coordination degree of the cable connecting pipe which is horizontal and vertical and the conductor connecting pipe before crimping)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. mutual inspection, confirmation and recording of each process size are carried out before crimping, so that accuracy is ensured.

2. Confirming the vertical state of a conductor leading-out rod before crimping; and confirming the matching degree of the conductor extraction rod and the conductor.

3. Cleaning a plug rod, removing a PVC adhesive tape on a cable conductor, polishing the sharp angle at the end part of the cable conductor, and after the cable conductor is completely dried, the technical requirements of the split conductor and the compression conductor crimping process are separately described, and the separation paper is removed, so that the split conductor is required to be tightly filled with a section gap by a thin copper rod (steel core), and the gap is avoided.

2) The key point of the crimping operation process control technology is as follows. ( The method comprises the technical key points of crimping control, and listing a cable section compression mold reference table; the crimping control means crimping tonnage, die closing time, crimping sequence, crimping area, die spacing and the like )

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. sleeving the plug rod on the cable conductor; the plug rod and the stop sleeve are tightly adhered to each other, and the gap is not more than 3mm. And then starting crimping, wherein crimping tonnage is to draw parameter matching tables such as a pressing die diagonal line, a die width, crimping modulus, crimping clamp tonnage and the like according to cable sections with different voltage levels, and keep 10' 15s after the pressing die is matched, so that the connection part of the cable core and the connecting pipe is ensured to be crimped sufficiently and reliably, and the sufficient compression ratio is achieved.

3) The key point of the treatment process is that the pipe is connected after the crimping. (including the technical points of surface burrs, tips and polishing treatment of the connecting pipe)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. the sharp corner burrs on the crimping surface need to be polished smoothly and flatly, so that the point discharge is prevented. And before polishing, applying a preservative film, plastic cloth or paperboard to wrap the mounted accessories so as to prevent metal scraps from falling and adhering. The crimping burrs outside the plug rod are polished, the generated burrs are removed by using a flat washer, the polishing is smooth, and the copper scraps are cleaned.

Step S8 is used for processing the end part of the outgoing line rod, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) According to the technological requirements, the strips are wound and fixed in sequence (including the technical key points of strip materials, wrapping sizes and the like; the wire core of the oiling outdoor terminal is required to be sealed around the tape material, so that the insulating oil is prevented from penetrating into the wire core conductor due to the rising of the oil level

The technical control key points are as follows: winding insulating self-adhesive tapes on the upper end of the cable, wherein all the tapes need to be wound in the same direction; and installing a sealing ring on the conductor leading-out rod.

Step S9 is used for the front outer shielding wrapping tape material treatment of the spring cone support type installation stress cone, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) According to the manufacturer process, various strips are sequentially wrapped (various strips such as ACP strips, semiconductive strips, lead strips, sealing strips, tinned copper mesh strips, insulating strips and other strip technology are wrapped at specified positions according to the process) and are provided with key points

2) The technical key points of the connection of the strip and the copper net by wrapping (comprising technical requirements of 1/2 lap cover, stretching rate, layer number, size, binding and welding of the copper net on a metal sheath or a flange base, and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. cleaning the outer semi-conductive layer and the metal sheath by using cable cleaning paper, and sequentially winding a semi-conductive self-adhesive tape and a tinned copper net on the outer semi-conductive layer and the metal sheath, wherein the requirements of the tape, the stretching rate, the layer number and the thickness are required to meet the requirements of a process installation instruction; copper wire is used for binding the copper net ending part, electric iron is used for welding after soldering tin paste is smeared on the copper wire locking part, tinning and priming treatment are needed to be carried out on the copper net binding and welding part, the metal part is roughened by a file, virtual welding is avoided, and the number of welding spots is not less than 3.

3) The key points of the assembly and sleeving technology are as follows. (including the inspection points of the number, order, etc. of parts after the cable is cleaned and sleeved in)

The technical control key points are as follows: mounting the support porcelain base on a stand to ensure that an outdoor terminal bracket and a lower hardware fitting bottom plate are horizontal; installing a lower fitting and a protection fitting, sleeving a heat-shrinkable tube, the protection fitting, a sealing ring, the lower fitting and the sealing ring on a cable, and ensuring the central position of a tail pipe of the protection fitting; and mounting the lower hardware fitting on the supporting magnetic seat, cleaning the flange surface and the sealing ring of the protection hardware fitting, uniformly smearing a thin silicone grease layer on the sealing ring, pressing the sealing ring into the sealing groove of the protection hardware fitting, and jointing the protection hardware fitting and the lower hardware fitting to uniformly screw the hexagonal bolt diagonally with a specified moment.

Step S10 is used for installing a stress cone, and the concrete process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) The key point of the process before the stress cone is sleeved. (comprising the technical requirements of inspection of the inner surface and the outer surface of a stress cone, inspection of the insulating surface of a cable, insulating drying, size positioning mark, insulating oil coating and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. the clean guide head is sleeved into the wire core, the inner surface of the stress cone, the outer surface of the insulating layer and the outer surface of the outer semi-conductive layer are wiped clean by cleaning paper and blow-dried by a hot air gun, the disposable PE glove is worn, and after a thin layer of silicone oil is uniformly coated on the surface of the cable insulator and the inner surface of the stress cone, the stress cone is inserted into the specified size position of the cable.

2) The key points of the stress cone positioning operation process are as follows. (points of inspection and cleaning including a dedicated tool set)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. after the stress cone is positioned, a cleaning towel (dust-free) dipped with absolute alcohol (purity is more than 99.5%) is adopted, and after the cleaning towel is cleaned, the cleaning towel is dried by a hot air gun. The heating should not be performed at too high a temperature. The cable is insulated and the stress cone is wrapped by a plastic film.

3) And checking the key points after positioning the stress cone. (including the requirements of post-positioning dimensional inspection points, post-positioning stress cone surface appearance inspection, and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. after checking the inner surface of the sleeve and confirming that no foreign matters and damage exist, cleaning the inner surface of the epoxy sleeve and the outer surface of the stress cone by using a cleaning towel dipped with absolute alcohol, and uniformly coating an insulating lubricating silicone grease on the insulating section after drying by hot air (note that the silicone grease is not coated on the semiconductive section).

2. Note that while the cable allows for a bend radius, (20 times the outer diameter of the cable), the cable head is inserted into the sleeve. After the cable head is inserted into the end of the sleeve, the cable is pulled out gently to confirm that it is indeed fully inserted and secured. Note that the connector or brake ring does not damage the inner surface of the sleeve. Care is taken not to unduly strike the connection contacts within the ferrule.

4) And cleaning the key points after positioning the stress cone. (including the technical requirements of absolute alcohol or absolute solution, drying and the like only when cleaning the stress cone)

Wrapping: (for wrap-around constructions only)

The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) According to the manufacturer process, various strips are sequentially wrapped (various strips such as ACP strips, semiconductive strips, lead strips, sealing strips, tinned copper mesh strips, insulating strips and other strip technology are wrapped at specified positions according to the process) and are provided with key points

The technical control key points are as follows: emphasizing the wrapping process of the strip, wherein the requirements of the strip, the stretching ratio, the layer number and the thickness are required to meet the requirements of a process installation instruction; the copper mesh binding welding part needs to be subjected to tinning and priming treatment, the metal part needs to be roughened by a file, the false welding is avoided, and the copper mesh fixing needs to be not less than three welding spots.

Step S11 is used for installing the sleeve, and the concrete process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) The key point of the preparation work process before sleeve installation is as follows. (comprising the technical requirements of cleaning and checking the inside and the outside of the sleeve, drying, mounting and fastening the supporting insulator, cleaning the groove opening of the O-shaped ring of the horizontal flange bottom plate, and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: the inner surface of the sleeve was inspected, and after confirming that there was no damage, the sleeve was wiped with a clean towel (dust-free) stained with alcohol, and the inner surface of the sleeve was dried using a heat gun.

2) The process point of sleeve installation. (comprising the technical requirements of cable and stress cone protection, flange bolt fastening sequence, moment and the like in the sleeving process)

Step S12 is used for installing the lower hardware fitting, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) The spring cone support type mounting bottom spring cone support process is characterized in that. (comprising the technical requirements of spring cone support fastening size, moment, interval time after fastening, and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: cleaning a flange surface and a sealing ring of the lower hardware fitting, uniformly coating a thin silicone grease layer on the sealing ring, pressing the sealing ring into a sealing groove of the lower hardware fitting, and mounting a stress cone fixing ring on the lower hardware fitting by using an inner hexagon bolt of which the surface is coated with a thread anti-biting agent.

2) The bottom tail pipe is provided with the technical key points. (including the technical requirements of consistency of the direction of the tail pipe grounding terminal, centering of the cable in the tail pipe, and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: it is emphasized that the tailpipe is mounted with the ground terminal in the correct orientation and the cable should be centered.

Step S13 is used for installing insulating oil, and the specific process is as follows:

pouring:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) The technical key point of the insulating oil filling process is as follows. (including insulating oil filling mode, polybutene heating and cooling process points, oil level height temperature curve reference table, etc.)

The technical control key points are as follows: insulating oil is slowly injected from the upper part of the bushing at a constant speed along the bushing wall. The process of filling insulating oil needs to provide a curve reference table.

Vacuum type:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) The technical key point of the vacuum oil inlet is as follows. (comprising the technical requirements of vacuum pipeline connection, vacuum degree control, sealing and the like)

The technical control key points are as follows: emphasis is placed on the technical key points of the vacuum oil inlet process.

Step S14 is used for installing the upper hardware fitting, and the specific process is as follows:

The key points are as follows: 1) The key point of the upper hardware fitting installation process is as follows. (including the technical points of top plate installation, top partial sealing, fastening torque, wire stem size and the like); the holding force between the wire outlet clamp and the wire outlet rod is not less than 5kN.

The technical control key points are as follows: before installation, checking that the surface of the sealing ring has no abnormal phenomena such as foreign matters, breakage and the like, and ensuring that the groove has no foreign matters; the confirmation type sealing ring is completely arranged in the groove; uniformly tightening the screws, wherein the tightening torque of the upper hardware emphasizes that the bolt tightening torque needs to meet the requirement when the hardware is installed; after the upper gland is installed, the size of the outgoing line rod needs to be rechecked; the holding force between the wire outlet fitting and the wire outlet rod is not less than 5KN; the fitting sealing on the outdoor terminal outgoing line rod adopts an O-shaped ring double-sealing structure in principle so as to ensure the waterproof and moistureproof performance of long-term outdoor operation; the upper and lower and horizontal directions of the terminal outgoing line rod are ensured to be fixed, and longitudinal and transverse displacement is not required, so that the waterproof, moistureproof and sealing performance of hardware fittings on the terminal is ensured.

Step S15 is used for tail pipe sealing, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows:

1) The tail pipe lead sealing operation process is characterized in that. (including lead sealing operation procedure, operation time, temperature control, length, diameter and size)

The technical control key points are as follows: the lead block is bent and installed on the cable metal sheath at the tail pipe of the protection fitting, the lead sealing performance is good, impurities and bubbles are avoided, the thickness of the lead sealing on one side is not less than 12mm, and the shape is preferably apple-shaped. The temperature of the whole lead sealing process is controlled between 120 ℃ and 140 ℃, and the continuous heating time of the tail pipe lead sealing operation is controlled to be 15 minutes. The damage to the cable core caused by the overlong temperature and overlong time is avoided.

2) The key point of the waterproof and dampproof sealing treatment process for the lead sealing. (including heat shrink tube port waterproof tape wrapping sealing treatment, epoxy glass ribbon winding reinforcement requirement, etc.)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. and a waterproof belt is sequentially wrapped between the bottom of the tail pipe and the outer sheath to form a sealing layer. The tail pipe and the outer sheath are covered, and the corrugated steps of the corrugated aluminum sheath are filled. And moving the heat shrinkage pipe to the tail pipe for heating and shrinking, wherein the upper part is required to be overlapped with the tail pipe, the lower part is required to be overlapped with the outer sheath, the heat shrinkage pipe is required to be overlapped with the tail pipe and the cable outer sheath, and the two ends of the heat shrinkage pipe are respectively overlapped and wrapped by 1 piece of reciprocation by using a waterproof insulating tape and a PVC adhesive tape.

2. Before heat shrinkage, roughening the surface of the cable outer sheath contacted with the lower part of the heat shrinkage pipe end is needed. The heat shrinkage tube is heated by a hot air gun or a liquefied gas gun, and the heat shrinkage tube is heated slowly and uniformly from one end to the other end or from the middle to the two ends, and the heat shrinkage tube is forbidden to be heated from the two ends to the middle so as to avoid the phenomena of air bubbles and belly expansion. When heating, the heat gun or the liquefied gas spray gun should be moved uniformly to make the heat shrinkage tube heated uniformly, but the local temperature cannot be too high, so that the heat shrinkage tube is burnt. The heat shrinkage tube containing glue is heated to ensure that all parts are heated uniformly, the inner glue can be heated to be adhered to the contact surface, and the glue overflow phenomenon is obvious at one circle at the two ends after the heat shrinkage is finished, so that the optimal sealing effect is achieved. After the shrinkage of the heat shrinkage tube is ensured, the cable outer sheath is covered by more than 200 mm.

3. Winding waterproof tapes at two ends of the heat shrinkage tube, covering the waterproof tapes by 1/2, and carrying out 2 reciprocations, wherein the waterproof tapes are required to be wound in the same direction and stretched by 100%; the adhesive PVC tape is wound on the surface of the waterproof tape, 1/2 of the adhesive PVC tape is covered, 2 of the adhesive PVC tapes are reciprocated and are required to be wound in the same direction, and the PVC tape is stretched by 100%.

Step S16 is used for grounding installation, and the specific process is as follows:

the key points are as follows: 1) The wiring terminal wiring connection process is characterized in that. (including the ground wire connection treatment Process)

The technical control key points are as follows: 1. the cable is fixed (can also be carried out before the tail pipe lead coating), and the cable is finally fixed by using a cable hoop. And then the ground wire which is well pressed and sealed is screwed and fixed on the ground bar of the tail pipe by a screw, so that the direction consistency of the tail pipe ground terminal is ensured. And a protective grounding box or a direct grounding box connected with the tail pipe of the terminal is connected according to the design requirement of the cable line.

The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The cable outdoor terminal installation process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. The cable outdoor termination installation process of claim 1, wherein the standardized inspection in step S1 comprises:

and (3) checking the working environment:

material and part inspection:

confirming that the surface of the sleeve is free from collision damage;

checking cable equipment:

checking that the insulation eccentricity of the cable is less than 5%;

checking that the phase of the cable is correct;

3. The outdoor cable termination installation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the metal sheath is processed such that the metal sheath port is turned out, and sharp-angled burrs of the horn-shaped metal sheath port are rounded; meanwhile, a water-blocking buffer belt is reserved at the fracture of the metal sheath;

4. The outdoor cable termination installation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the process of heating and straightening the cable portion of the metal sheath is specifically: heating the cable part of the metal sheath by a heating straightening device, placing a temperature sensor in the middle of a heating belt, overlapping and wrapping a heat preservation belt on the outermost layer of the heating belt, and continuously heating for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 75-85 ℃; then removing the outer accessories of the cable heating area, manually straightening, fixing and straightening the cable in the most bending direction of the cable heating area by using angular aluminum, and removing the angular aluminum after naturally cooling to room temperature and cooling for not less than 4 hours;

5. The outdoor cable termination installation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, different grades of sand paper are adopted for polishing in sequence until a round conical surface is formed in the polishing process, and the sand paper is continuously and rapidly moved in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in the polishing process, so that the formation of an insulation surface depression due to long-time polishing at a local position is avoided; during the polishing process, the part of the wrap preservative film of the outer semi-conductive shielding layer which is not polished is protected;

6. The outdoor termination installation process of claim 1, wherein the step S11 is to inspect the inner surface of the sleeve before installing the sleeve, to confirm no damage, to wipe the sleeve with a cleaning towel stained with alcohol, and to dry the inner surface of the sleeve with a heat gun;

7. The outdoor termination installation process of claim 1, wherein in step S12, before the stress cone fixing ring is installed on the lower fitting, the flange surface and the sealing ring of the lower fitting are cleaned, a thin silicone grease layer is uniformly coated on the sealing ring, and the sealing ring is pressed into the sealing groove of the lower fitting.

8. The cable outdoor termination installation process of claim 1, wherein step S15 further comprises: bending and installing a lead block on a cable metal sheath at a tail pipe of a protection fitting, wherein the thickness of single-side lead sealing in the lead sealing process is not less than 12mm, and the lead block is apple-shaped; the temperature of the whole lead sealing process is controlled between 120 ℃ and 140 ℃.

9. The process for installing an outdoor cable terminal according to claim 1, wherein in step S15, the two ends of the heat shrinking tube are wrapped by a waterproof insulating tape and a PVC tape in a half lap manner specifically comprises: winding waterproof tapes at two ends of the heat shrinkage tube, winding the waterproof tapes in the same direction for 2 reciprocations, and simultaneously stretching the waterproof tapes by 100%; then, the adhesive PVC tape was wound around the surface of the waterproof tape and wound in the same direction for 2 reciprocations while allowing the PVC tape to be 100% stretched.

10. The outdoor cable terminal installation process according to claim 1, wherein in step S15, the heat shrinkage of the heat shrinkage tube is specifically that the heat shrinkage tube is heated by a hot air gun or a liquefied gas gun, and the heat shrinkage tube is heated slowly and uniformly from one end to the other end or from the middle to the two ends, so that the inner glue is ensured to be heated to be adhered to the contact surface, and the glue overflow is formed at the end of the heat shrinkage tube.