CN116090358A - Method for production, storage and supply linkage optimization of semi-continuous biogas station - Google Patents
Method for production, storage and supply linkage optimization of semi-continuous biogas station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and optimizing production, storage and supply linkage of a semi-continuous biogas station, which comprises the following steps: learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data, and constructing a semi-continuous instantaneous biogas production model of n times of feeding; training a semicontinuous instantaneous gas production model by using a time sequence; predicting future gas consumption of the user side, screening a production scheduling scheme through constraint conditions, and selecting an optimal production scheduling scheme as a production and storage linkage optimization scheme. The invention aims to establish a semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model through the linkage of the biogas production and biogas consumption capacity, and optimize the model, so as to obtain an optimal production, storage and supply linkage optimization scheme, and reduce biogas storage and methane emission on the premise of guaranteeing the gas consumption of users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method for regulating and optimizing production, storage and supply linkage of a semi-continuous biogas station.
Background
Rural biogas sites have been rapidly developed as a supply of renewable energy. On the one hand, the biogas station can convert agricultural wastes such as straw, pig manure and the like into organic fertilizer sustainable agricultural production; on the other hand, reliable renewable energy supply can be provided for residents. By the end of 2015, more than 10.3 ten thousand village-grade biogas stations are built in China, and the number of biogas stations and the number of treated wastes are continuously increasing.
Then, in commercial production environments, most decisions always tend to increase biogas production, guaranteeing gas usage for users, subject to technical conditions. This results in biogas production and user consumption that are not dynamically matched and overproduced biogas is discharged to the atmosphere, instead creating environmental pollution. Some theoretical studies have shown that methane (the main gas component in biogas) has a 25 times higher global warming potential than carbon dioxide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to limit biogas emissions from biogas sites to an acceptable range.
The typical biogas station at least comprises a batching pool, a fermentation tank, a gas storage tank and a plurality of monitoring devices of the Internet of things. Since fermentation gas is a continuous small volume of gas, and consumption gas is a centralized batch of gas (e.g., residential gas is smoothly concentrated in the midday and evening), a gas storage tank is typically used as a buffer for production/supply. Nevertheless, excessive gas storage exacerbates biogas escape.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating and optimizing the production and storage of a semi-continuous biogas station in a linkage way by calculating the linkage biogas production and biogas consumption capacity and establishing a regulating and optimizing model, so that biogas storage and methane emission are reduced on the premise of guaranteeing the gas consumption of users.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for regulating and optimizing production, storage and supply linkage of a semi-continuous biogas station comprises the following steps:
step 1, learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data, and constructing a semi-continuous instantaneous biogas production model of n times of feeding; training a semicontinuous instantaneous gas production model by using a time sequence;
and 2, predicting future gas consumption of the user side, screening a production scheduling scheme through constraint conditions, and selecting an optimal production scheduling scheme as a production and storage linkage optimization scheme.
In the step 1, learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data, and constructing a semi-continuous instantaneous biogas production model of n times of feeding, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
building a single-feeding biogas accumulation gas production model:
wherein B (t) represents the accumulated gas yield at time t; b (B) 0 Representing the final gas yield given by the total amount of the fed materials and the fermentation formula; t represents the current time; t represents the feeding time; k represents a methane degradation constant; c represents the shape factor of the S-shaped curve,;
based on equation (1), a semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is established for n charges:
wherein b (t) represents the instantaneous gas production at the moment t in the semi-continuous feeding mode;,/>indicating the ith dosing time, +.>Indicating the current time t and the ith feeding time +.>Is a time difference of (2).
In the step 1, the training of the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model by using a time sequence comprises the following steps:
time seriesThe semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is input, the instantaneous gas production y is taken as output, and the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is trained;
let the real instantaneous gas yield be y, the semi-continuous instantaneous gas yield model output predicted gas yield y, the minimum objective function of the semi-continuous instantaneous gas yield model is:
wherein ,B0 C, k are learning parameters, for B 0 C, k are subjected to numerical range limitation, B 0 ∈[B 1 ,B 2 ],c∈[c 1 ,c 2 ],k∈[k 1 ,k 2 ]And (3) making:
bringing equations (5-1), (5-2) and (5-3) into equation (4) converts the minimized objective function into an unconstrained objective function:
wherein :
bringing the optimal solution obtained in the formula (7) into the formula (6), and calculating to obtainPresetting a lower error limit->;
If it isOptimal solution obtained by equation (7)>、/>、/>Carrying out formulas (5-1), (5-2) and (5-3) to solve the optimal B 0 、c、k;
If it isCalculating +.>、/>、/>For a given->、/>、/>Negative gradient adjustment is performed to form a new solution:
In the step 2, the step of predicting the future gas consumption of the user terminal includes:
based on historical data, predicting future gas consumption of the user side by using an ARIMA model:
indicate->Tian (heaven)>Indicate->Air consumption in the days>Indicate->Air consumption in the days>Indicate->Air consumption in the day; c. and (2)>、...、/>、/>、...、/>Is the coefficient used for model fitting.
In the step 2, the production scheduling scheme is screened through constraint conditions, and the optimal production scheduling scheme is selected as a production, storage and supply linkage scheduling scheme, which comprises the following steps:
constructing production, storage and supply linkage constraint conditions:
constraint condition 1, wherein the sum of the gas yield of the previous day and the gas amount of the gas storage tank is larger than the sum of the gas consumption of the next day and the minimum gas amount of the gas storage tank;
constraint condition 2, the gas storage tank gas amount does not exceed the designed highest gas amount;
constraint condition 3, the air quantity of the air storage tank is not lower than the designed minimum air quantity;
when the current time t and the first feeding timeTime difference of->Together with the total of 2 z A seed production scheduling scheme;
pair 2 according to constraint z Screening a production scheduling scheme, namely, enabling the production scheduling scheme meeting constraint conditions to be a set A, defining 2 metrics of the set A as (d 1, d 2), wherein the metric d1 is the shortest distance between two curves, the metric d2 is the farthest distance between the two curves, the first curve represents the sum of the gas production amount of the previous day and the gas storage tank, and the second curve represents the sum of the gas consumption amount of the next day and the minimum gas storage tank;
in the set A, d1 is the highest-level guaranteed gas consumption scheme, and d2 is the lowest-level optimized gas storage scheme; d1 descending order sorting is respectively carried out on the set A, d2 ascending order sorting is carried out on the set A, and the optimal production, storage and supply linkage optimization scheme with the smallest sum of two sorting serial numbers is adopted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention aims to establish a semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model through the linkage of the biogas production and biogas consumption capacity, and optimize the model, so as to obtain an optimal production, storage and supply linkage optimization scheme, and reduce biogas storage and methane emission on the premise of guaranteeing the gas consumption of users.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for predicting gas consumption of a user terminal for 10 days in the future according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the sum of the gas production amount of the previous day and the gas storage tank and the sum of the gas consumption amount of the subsequent day and the minimum gas storage tank according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Also, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or operations. In addition, the terms "connected," "coupled," and the like may be used to denote a direct connection between elements, or an indirect connection via other elements.
Examples:
generally, the gas yield of a biogas station is related to the factors such as the total feeding amount, the feeding frequency, the fermentation temperature, the raw materials, the fermentation formula and the like, but the fluctuation of the total feeding amount, the fermentation temperature, the raw materials and the fermentation formula is small each time to a specific biogas station, and the gas yield is mainly related to the feeding frequency. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, namely a method for adjusting and optimizing production, storage and supply linkage of a semi-continuous biogas station, wherein decision variables used for optimization are mainly feeding frequencies, and referring to fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data.
Building a single-feeding biogas accumulation gas production model:
wherein B (t) represents the accumulated gas yield at time t; b (B) 0 Representing the final gas yield given by the total amount of the fed materials and the fermentation formula; t represents the current time; t represents the feeding time; k represents a methane degradation constant; c represents the shape factor of the S-shaped curve,。
deriving t from the formula (1) to obtain an instantaneous gas production model:
based on equation (2), a semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is established for n charges:
wherein b (t) represents the instantaneous gas production at the moment t in the semi-continuous feeding mode;,/>indicating the ith dosing time, +.>Indicating the current time t and the ith feeding time +.>Is a time difference of (2).
Time seriesAs the input of the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model, taking the instantaneous gas production y as the output, B 0 And c, k are parameters which need to be learned by data, and training the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model. Let the real instantaneous gas production be y, the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model output predicted gas production y, the minimizing objective function of model (3) is:
for parameter B 0 C, k are subjected to numerical range limitation, B 0 ∈[B 1 ,B 2 ],c∈[c 1 ,c 2 ],k∈[k 1 ,k 2 ]Establishing an equality transformation, and enabling:
bringing equations (5-1), (5-2) and (5-3) into equation (4) modifies the minimization objective function to an unconstrained objective function:
Bringing the optimal solution obtained in the formula (7) into the formula (6), and calculating to obtainPresetting a lower error limit->。
If it isThe model (3) can achieve higher prediction performance, and the optimal solution obtained by the formula (7) can be brought into the formulas (5-1), (5-2) and (5-3) to solve the optimal B 0 、c、k。
If it isCalculating +.>、/>、/>For a given->、/>、/>Negative gradient adjustment is performed to form a new solution:
wherein ,for a given learning rate; re-bringing the new solution into equation (6) to calculate +.>Up to->。
And 2, optimizing the production, storage and supply of the biogas station according to the biogas production capacity.
Based on historical data, the ARIMA model is used for predicting the future (e.g. 10 days in the future) gas consumption of the user side:
indicate->Tian (heaven)>Indicate->Air consumption in the days>Indicate->Air consumption in the days>Indicate->Air consumption in the day; c. and (2)>、...、/>、/>、...、/>Is a coefficient for model fitting; predicting +.f using historical data from the previous days>Daily gas consumption.
Referring to fig. 2, the uppermost curve of the hatched portion represents the upper limit of the predicted gas consumption, the middle curve represents the predicted gas consumption, and the lowermost curve represents the lower limit of the predicted gas consumption.
Constructing production, storage and supply linkage constraint conditions:
constraint condition 1, wherein the sum of the gas yield of the previous day and the gas amount of the gas storage tank is larger than the sum of the gas consumption of the next day and the minimum gas amount of the gas storage tank;
constraint condition 2, the gas storage tank gas amount does not exceed the designed highest gas amount;
constraint condition 3, the air quantity of the air storage tank is not lower than the designed minimum air quantity.
The design of the highest gas volume and the design of the lowest gas volume refer to the design of the highest gas volume and the lowest gas volume of the gas storage tank.
Based on the constraint conditions, full space exploration of feasible solutions is performed to determine a feasible scheme of future gas consumption. Generally, when the current time t and the first feeding timeTime difference of->On the day, the biogas generated by the batch is negligible. For a future 10 day schedule, if the day's feed is denoted as "1" and if no feed is denoted as "0", the data range is [0000000000 1111111111 ]]In total 2 10 =1024 possible production scheduling schemes. And (3) calling the formula, calculating the gas production amount of 10 days in the future for each production scheduling scheme, and predicting the feasible scheme of the gas consumption amount of 10 days in the future by combining the load.
Selecting an optimal scheme, screening 1024 production scheduling schemes according to constraint conditions, enabling the production scheduling schemes meeting the constraint conditions to be set A, referring to FIG. 3, wherein the upper curve represents the sum of the gas production amount of the previous day and the gas storage tank gas amount, the lower curve represents the sum of the gas consumption amount of the next day and the minimum gas amount of the gas storage tank, 2 measures of the set A are defined as (d 1, d 2), the measure d1 is the shortest distance between the two curves, and the measure d2 is the farthest distance between the two curves.
In the set A, d1 is the highest guaranteed gas consumption scheme, and d2 is the lowest optimized gas storage scheme. D1 descending order sorting is respectively carried out on the set A, d2 ascending order sorting is carried out on the set A, and the optimal production/storage/supply linkage optimization scheme with the minimum sum of two sorting serial numbers is adopted.
For example: the set a= [ (3, a), (2, b), (1, h), (4, g), (5, c) ] has 2 ordering means for ordering the numbers (i.e. d 1) in descending order [ (5, c), (4, g), (3, a), (2, b), (1, h) ], and for the letters (i.e. d 2) in ascending order [ (3, a), (2, b), (5, c), (4, g), (1, h) ]. It can be seen that the sequence numbers of (5, c) add to 5+3=8 (i.e. d1=5 is numbered 1 and d2=3 is numbered 3); the sequence number addition of (4, g) is 4+4=8; the sequence number addition of (3, a) is 3+1=4; the sequence number addition of (2, b) is 2+2=4; the sum of the sequence numbers of (1, h) is 1+5=6. And taking the smallest sequence number addition as (2, b) and (3, a), and randomly selecting one scheme as an optimal scheme if a plurality of schemes with the smallest sequence number addition are obtained.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for regulating and optimizing production, storage and supply linkage of a semi-continuous biogas station is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data, and constructing a semi-continuous instantaneous biogas production model of n times of feeding; training a semicontinuous instantaneous gas production model by using a time sequence;
and 2, predicting future gas consumption of the user side, screening a production scheduling scheme through constraint conditions, and selecting an optimal production scheduling scheme as a production and storage linkage optimization scheme.
2. The method for generating, storing and supplying linkage optimization of the semi-continuous biogas station according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, learning biogas production capacity of a biogas station based on historical data, and constructing a semi-continuous instantaneous biogas production model of n times of feeding, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
building a single-feeding biogas accumulation gas production model:
wherein B (t) represents the accumulated gas yield at time t; b (B) 0 Representing the final gas yield given by the total amount of the fed materials and the fermentation formula; t represents the current time; t represents the feeding time; k represents a methane degradation constant; c represents the shape factor of the S-shaped curve,;
based on equation (1), a semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is established for n charges:
3. The method for generating, storing and supplying linkage optimization of the semi-continuous biogas station according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, the training of the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model by using a time sequence comprises the following steps:
time seriesThe semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is input, the instantaneous gas production y is taken as output, and the semi-continuous instantaneous gas production model is trained;
let the real instantaneous gas yield be y, the semi-continuous instantaneous gas yield model output predicted gas yield y, the unconstrained objective function of the semi-continuous instantaneous gas yield model is:
wherein :
If it isCalculating +.>、/>、/>For a given->、/>、/>Negative gradient adjustment is performed to form a new solution:
4. The method for generating, storing and supplying linkage optimization of the semi-continuous biogas station according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the step 2, the step of predicting the future gas consumption of the user terminal includes:
based on historical data, predicting future gas consumption of the user side by using an ARIMA model:
5. The method for generating, storing and supplying linkage optimization of the semi-continuous biogas station according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: in the step 2, the production scheduling scheme is screened through constraint conditions, and the optimal production scheduling scheme is selected as a production, storage and supply linkage scheduling scheme, which comprises the following steps:
constructing production, storage and supply linkage constraint conditions:
constraint condition 1, wherein the sum of the gas yield of the previous day and the gas amount of the gas storage tank is larger than the sum of the gas consumption of the next day and the minimum gas amount of the gas storage tank;
constraint condition 2, the gas storage tank gas amount does not exceed the designed highest gas amount;
constraint condition 3, the air quantity of the air storage tank is not lower than the designed minimum air quantity;
when the current time t and the first feeding timeTime difference of->Together with the total of 2 z A seed production scheduling scheme;
pair 2 according to constraint z Screening a production scheduling scheme, namely, enabling the production scheduling scheme meeting constraint conditions to be a set A, defining 2 metrics of the set A as (d 1, d 2), wherein the metric d1 is the shortest distance between two curves, the metric d2 is the farthest distance between the two curves, the first curve represents the sum of the gas production amount of the previous day and the gas storage tank, and the second curve represents the sum of the gas consumption amount of the next day and the minimum gas storage tank;
in the set A, d1 is the highest-level guaranteed gas consumption scheme, and d2 is the lowest-level optimized gas storage scheme; d1 descending order sorting is respectively carried out on the set A, d2 ascending order sorting is carried out on the set A, and the optimal production, storage and supply linkage optimization scheme with the smallest sum of two sorting serial numbers is adopted.
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