CN116090075A - Bridge load engineering detection test method - Google Patents
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- CN116090075A CN116090075A CN202310185996.7A CN202310185996A CN116090075A CN 116090075 A CN116090075 A CN 116090075A CN 202310185996 A CN202310185996 A CN 202310185996A CN 116090075 A CN116090075 A CN 116090075A
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Abstract
The invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, and relates to the technical field of bridge quality detection. The bridge load engineering detection test method comprises the following steps: s1, bridge constructors establish a bridge finite element analysis model according to the structure of a bridge, and the model is used as a foundation according to structural design drawings of highway bridges and actual measurement data of construction sites. According to the invention, the bridge can be loaded in real time and the response value of the bridge structure can be measured, traffic is not required to be interrupted or closed, loss caused by traffic blocking is avoided, vehicles which normally pass through the bridge are used as objects for testing and loading, test vehicles are not required to be specially arranged, test cost is saved, and continuous multiple tests can be performed because traffic is not required to be interrupted or closed, so that the real-time performance, continuity and accuracy of the test are ensured, and the integrity of load test data and the accuracy of analysis are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge quality detection, in particular to a bridge load engineering detection test method.
Background
Bridge is a structure which is generally erected on rivers, lakes and seas and can smoothly pass vehicles, pedestrians and the like. In order to adapt to the traffic industry of modern high-speed development, bridges are also spreading to span mountain stream, poor geology or buildings which are erected to meet other traffic needs and enable the traffic to be more convenient. The bridge is generally composed of an upper structure, a lower structure, a support and an accessory structure, wherein the upper structure is also called a bridge span structure and is a main structure for crossing obstacles, the lower structure comprises a bridge abutment, a bridge pier and a foundation, the support is a force transmission device arranged at a supporting position of the bridge span structure and the bridge pier or the bridge abutment, and the accessory structure refers to a bridge head butt strap, a conical slope protection, a shore protection, a diversion project and the like.
With the rapid development of new materials and construction technology, the bridge construction in China achieves a great deal of achievement, and the large-scale construction and application of the bridge require that technicians must pay high attention to the safety problem of the bridge. The bridge is subjected to a large number of loads and complex changes in the period from the time of using the bridge to the time of dismantling the bridge, so that after the bridge is built, a load detection test is generally required to be carried out on the bridge, the bridge deck traffic is plugged in a period with a small traffic volume when the bridge is detected by the existing bridge load engineering detection test method, load test equipment is arranged on the bridge, the response of the bridge structure is measured and analyzed by the load test equipment by utilizing the positioning loading of the test vehicle on the bridge, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the cost is high, and particularly, the long-time traffic sealing can cause great influence on old bridges.
Therefore, a person skilled in the art provides a bridge load engineering detection test method to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which can load a bridge in real time and measure the response value of a bridge structure, does not need to interrupt or seal traffic, avoids the loss caused by the traffic sealing, utilizes the vehicles which normally pass through the bridge as the object for testing and loading, does not need to specially arrange test vehicles, saves test cost, can perform continuous repeated tests because the traffic is not required to be interrupted or sealed, ensures the real-time performance, the continuity and the accuracy of the test, further improves the integrity of load test data and the accuracy of analysis, solves the problems that the existing bridge load engineering detection test method can seal bridge traffic in a period with less traffic, and utilizes the positioning and loading of the test vehicles on the bridge to measure and analyze the response of the bridge structure through the load test equipment, but the method is time-consuming, labor-consuming and has higher cost, and particularly causes great influence on the long-time sealing traffic for old bridge.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bridge load engineering detection test method comprises the following steps:
s1, bridge constructors establish a bridge finite element analysis model according to the structure of a bridge, and the model takes a structural design drawing of a highway bridge and actual measurement data of a construction site as a foundation;
s2, arranging displacement measuring points at measurement key positions of experimental spans of the bridge, performing coverage shooting of the bridge deck by arranging a plurality of shooting devices for detection of displacement measurement, and measuring real-time position distribution and displacement measurement of vehicles on the bridge deck;
s3, arranging dynamic weighing devices at the bridge head and the bridge tail of the bridge to measure the axle weight and the axle distance of the passing vehicle;
s4, arranging a plurality of sensors at different positions of the bridge so as to measure static load parameters and dynamic parameters of the bridge structure;
s5, enabling the test vehicle to slowly drive across the bridge deck along the bridge deck, collecting a displacement influence line of the bridge, drawing a displacement influence line actual measurement curve of the bridge, and finally selecting a displacement actual measurement value with high reliability according to an actual result of the displacement influence test curve;
s6, establishing a multi-working condition loading model according to the selected actually measured displacement value and the corresponding position of the vehicle load, and carrying out finite element analysis and calculation;
s7, setting measurement point data which are not adopted in theoretical calculation to be 0, establishing a displacement residual error expression, forming an objective function, correcting a finite element model, calculating deflection and strain under a load test working condition by using the corrected finite element model, taking a corrected model calculation value as an actual measurement value, taking an uncorrected model calculation value as a theoretical value, and calculating a verification coefficient;
s8, finally, synchronizing data acquisition time of bridge deck measuring equipment and sensors, and evaluating the capacity of the bridge to bear load according to bridge bearing capacity evaluation standards.
Preferably, the bridge finite element analysis model in the step S1 is based on a displacement method, and the mechanical equation expression is as follows: [k] [ delta ] = [ F ]
Wherein [ k ] is the total stiffness matrix of the structure;
[ delta ] is a displacement matrix of the structure;
[F] is a load matrix.
At the same time, the construction of the model must be represented by introducing idealized, simple data.
Preferably, in the step S2, the spans of the bridge are meshed, the positioning size is marked on the mesh, and the coverage areas of the adjacent image capturing devices are covered in a crossing manner.
Preferably, the weighing device in step S3 may further measure a track of the passing vehicle, license plate information of the vehicle, and the like.
Preferably, the static load parameters of the bridge structure in the step S4 include stress, deflection, crack, inclination angle or cable force, and the dynamic parameters are self-vibration characteristic parameters or dynamic response values.
Preferably, the static load experiment in the step S4 generally achieves the purpose of measuring the bridge foundation performance index by means of static load, and mainly measures the stress condition, bending degree and the like of each control panel.
Preferably, the load test in the static load test in the step S4 is particularly important in terms of observation points, and the observation points generally select positions where defects exist in terms of appearance or construction quality is difficult to ensure in the construction process, generally positions where holes or piers with obvious corrosion damage exist in old bridges, and in general, bearing point detection with special emphasis on bearing force is required in inspection.
Preferably, the specific method for evaluating the static load parameter of the bearing capacity of the bridge in the step S8 is as follows:
setting an influence line model of the bridge structure, applying load flows with determined size and position distribution to the model to obtain a theoretical value A of static load parameters of the bridge structure, and then implementing the steps S2-S4 to obtain an actual measurement value B of the static load parameters of the bridge structure, wherein if A is smaller than B, the bearing capacity of the structure is assessed to meet the requirement; if A > B, the bearing capacity of the structure is evaluated to be unsatisfied.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. the invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which can accurately measure the wheelbase and axle weight of a passing vehicle by arranging dynamic weighing devices at the bridge head and the bridge tail, can accurately point the application position of the load, and is provided with a plurality of camera devices for covering and shooting the bridge deck to measure the real-time position distribution and displacement measurement of the vehicle on the bridge deck, so that any position of the bridge deck can not be missed, the measurement range is wider, and the measurement result is more reliable.
2. The invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which can synchronize the data acquisition time of bridge deck measurement equipment and sensors, is convenient for analyzing the position distribution of load current on a bridge structure at a certain time point, corresponds to the structure response, has short detection duration, can complete data acquisition quickly, has small influence on bridge traffic, reduces the difficulty of traffic control especially for some bridges with busy traffic, and saves test cost.
3. The invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which relies on the traffic flow of a bridge deck to load the bridge in real time and measure the response value of a bridge structure, so that traffic is not required to be interrupted or closed, loss caused by traffic blocking is avoided, the normal traffic on the bridge is used as a test loading object, test vehicles are not required to be specially arranged, test cost is saved, and continuous repeated tests can be performed because traffic is not required to be interrupted or closed, the real-time performance, continuity and accuracy of the test are ensured, and the integrity of load test data and the accuracy of analysis are further improved.
4. The invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which is simple in loading method, simplifies the preparation work on site and is simpler and more reliable by testing influence lines without arranging a loading scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a bridge station location layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a bridge load engineering detection test method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the invention provides a bridge load engineering detection test method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, bridge constructors establish a bridge finite element analysis model according to the structure of a bridge, and the model takes a structural design drawing of a highway bridge and actual measurement data of a construction site as a foundation;
s2, arranging displacement measuring points at measurement key positions of experimental spans of the bridge, performing coverage shooting of the bridge deck by arranging a plurality of shooting devices for detection of displacement measurement, and measuring real-time position distribution and displacement measurement of vehicles on the bridge deck;
s3, arranging dynamic weighing devices at the bridge head and the bridge tail of the bridge to measure the axle weight and the axle distance of the passing vehicle;
s4, arranging a plurality of sensors at different positions of the bridge so as to measure static load parameters and dynamic parameters of the bridge structure;
s5, enabling the test vehicle to slowly drive across the bridge deck along the bridge deck, collecting a displacement influence line of the bridge, drawing a displacement influence line actual measurement curve of the bridge, and finally selecting a displacement actual measurement value with high reliability according to an actual result of the displacement influence test curve;
s6, establishing a multi-working condition loading model according to the selected actually measured displacement value and the corresponding position of the vehicle load, and carrying out finite element analysis and calculation;
s7, setting measurement point data which are not adopted in theoretical calculation to be 0, establishing a displacement residual error expression, forming an objective function, correcting a finite element model, calculating deflection and strain under a load test working condition by using the corrected finite element model, taking a corrected model calculation value as an actual measurement value, taking an uncorrected model calculation value as a theoretical value, and calculating a verification coefficient;
s8, finally, synchronizing data acquisition time of bridge deck measuring equipment and sensors, and evaluating the capacity of the bridge to bear load according to bridge bearing capacity evaluation standards.
The bridge finite element analysis model in the step S1 is based on a displacement method, and the expression of a mechanical equation is as follows:
[k][δ]＝[F]
wherein [ k ] is the total stiffness matrix of the structure;
[ delta ] is a displacement matrix of the structure;
[F] is a load matrix.
At the same time, the construction of the model must be represented by introducing idealized, simple data.
In step S2, the spans of the bridges are subjected to grid division, positioning sizes are marked on the grids, and cross coverage exists between coverage areas of adjacent camera equipment.
The weighing device in step S3 may also measure the track of the passing vehicle, license plate information of the vehicle, etc.
And S4, static load parameters of the bridge structure comprise stress, deflection, cracks, inclination angles or cable forces and the like, and the dynamic parameters are self-vibration characteristic parameters or dynamic response values.
The static load experiment in the step S4 generally realizes the purpose of measuring the bridge foundation performance index in a static load manner, and mainly measures the stress condition, bending degree and the like of each control panel.
The load test in the static load test in the step S4 is particularly important in the aspect of observation points, the observation points generally select positions where defects exist in the aspect of appearance or construction quality is difficult to guarantee in the construction process, the positions of holes or piers with obvious corrosion damage in old bridges are generally adopted, and the detection of bearing points which bear special attention is generally required in the detection.
The concrete method for evaluating the static load parameters of the bridge bearing capacity in the step S8 is as follows:
setting an influence line model of the bridge structure, applying load flows with determined size and position distribution to the model to obtain a theoretical value A of static load parameters of the bridge structure, and then implementing the steps S2-S4 to obtain an actual measurement value B of the static load parameters of the bridge structure, wherein if A is smaller than B, the bearing capacity of the structure is assessed to meet the requirement; if A > B, the bearing capacity of the structure is evaluated to be unsatisfied.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, bridge constructors establish a bridge finite element analysis model according to the structure of a bridge, and the model takes a structural design drawing of a highway bridge and actual measurement data of a construction site as a foundation;
s2, arranging displacement measuring points at measurement key positions of experimental spans of the bridge, performing coverage shooting of the bridge deck by arranging a plurality of shooting devices for detection of displacement measurement, and measuring real-time position distribution and displacement measurement of vehicles on the bridge deck;
s3, arranging dynamic weighing devices at the bridge head and the bridge tail of the bridge to measure the axle weight and the axle distance of the passing vehicle;
s4, arranging a plurality of sensors at different positions of the bridge so as to measure static load parameters and dynamic parameters of the bridge structure;
s5, enabling the test vehicle to slowly drive across the bridge deck along the bridge deck, collecting a displacement influence line of the bridge, drawing a displacement influence line actual measurement curve of the bridge, and finally selecting a displacement actual measurement value with high reliability according to an actual result of the displacement influence test curve;
s6, establishing a multi-working condition loading model according to the selected actually measured displacement value and the corresponding position of the vehicle load, and carrying out finite element analysis and calculation;
s7, setting measurement point data which are not adopted in theoretical calculation to be 0, establishing a displacement residual error expression, forming an objective function, correcting a finite element model, calculating deflection and strain under a load test working condition by using the corrected finite element model, taking a corrected model calculation value as an actual measurement value, taking an uncorrected model calculation value as a theoretical value, and calculating a verification coefficient;
s8, finally, synchronizing data acquisition time of bridge deck measuring equipment and sensors, and evaluating the capacity of the bridge to bear load according to bridge bearing capacity evaluation standards.
2. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the bridge finite element analysis model in the step S1 is based on a displacement method, and the expression of a mechanical equation is as follows:
[k][δ]＝[F]
wherein [ k ] is the total stiffness matrix of the structure;
[ delta ] is a displacement matrix of the structure;
[F] is a load matrix.
At the same time, the construction of the model must be represented by introducing idealized, simple data.
3. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step S2, the spans of the bridge are divided into grids, the positioning size is calibrated on the grids, and the coverage areas of the adjacent camera equipment are covered in a crossing manner.
4. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the weighing device in step S3 may also measure the track of the passing vehicle, license plate information of the vehicle, etc.
5. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the static load parameters of the bridge structure in the step S4 comprise stress, deflection, cracks, inclination angles or cable forces and the like, and the dynamic parameters are self-vibration characteristic parameters or dynamic response values.
6. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the static load experiment in the step S4 generally realizes the purpose of measuring the bridge foundation performance index in a static load manner, and mainly measures the stress condition, bending degree and the like of each control panel.
7. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the load test in the static load test in the step S4 is particularly important in the aspect of observation points, the observation points generally select positions where defects exist in the aspect of appearance or construction quality is difficult to guarantee in the construction process, the positions of holes or piers with obvious corrosion damage in old bridges are generally adopted, and the detection of bearing points with special emphasis on bearing force is generally required in the inspection.
8. The bridge load engineering detection test method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge load engineering detection test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the specific method for evaluating the static load parameters of the bearing capacity of the bridge in the step S8 is as follows:
setting an influence line model of the bridge structure, applying load flows with determined size and position distribution to the model to obtain a theoretical value A of static load parameters of the bridge structure, and then implementing the steps S2-S4 to obtain an actual measurement value B of the static load parameters of the bridge structure, wherein if A is smaller than B, the bearing capacity of the structure is assessed to meet the requirement; if A > B, the bearing capacity of the structure is evaluated to be unsatisfied.
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| CN202310185996.7A CN116090075A (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2023-03-01 | Bridge load engineering detection test method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116659780A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 山东蒙山路桥有限公司 | Bridge beam slab load testing device for road bridge construction |
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2023
- 2023-03-01 CN CN202310185996.7A patent/CN116090075A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116659780A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 山东蒙山路桥有限公司 | Bridge beam slab load testing device for road bridge construction |
| CN116659780B (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-13 | 山东蒙山路桥有限公司 | Bridge beam slab load testing device for road bridge construction |
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Application publication date: 20230509 |