CN116086394A - Method and device for determining azimuth angle of photovoltaic array based on asymmetric radiation distribution - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric radiation distribution, which comprises the following steps: determining the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time length; according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, determining optimal azimuth angles of four quarters and an average annual optimal azimuth angle within a preset duration; under the condition that the difference between the optimal azimuth angle in spring and the optimal azimuth angle in average year is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in spring, otherwise, determining the installation azimuth angle in spring according to the optimal azimuth angle in average year; and respectively determining the installation azimuth angles of the other three quarters according to the optimal azimuth angles of the other three quarters. The utilization rate of solar energy resources and the solar power generation efficiency are improved. The invention also provides a device, electronic equipment and a computer storage medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a method for determining a photovoltaic array azimuth angle based on asymmetric radiation distribution, a device, electronic equipment and a computer storage medium.
Background
The vast majority of energy required by human activities is derived from the sun, which is a renewable clean energy source, chinese solar energy resources are rich, and the total annual average horizontal radiation of the national land surface in 2019 is as high as 1470.9 kWh/m. In the technical field of solar power generation, the existing installation mode of a solar panel can be divided into three modes of an optimal inclination angle fixing mode, a fixed adjustable mode and a tracking mode, wherein the tracking mode can be divided into single-axis tracking and double-axis tracking, the most applied technology in the solar power generation technology is photovoltaic power generation, and the optimal inclination angle fixing mode is the most main installation mode of the solar panel, so that the inclination angle and the azimuth angle are two key parameters in the design of a photovoltaic power station. However, in the current photovoltaic power station design, the research on the optimal inclination angle is more focused, the azimuth angle is usually directly valued in the south direction, and the importance of the azimuth angle is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention addresses the above-described deficiencies of the prior art by providing a method, apparatus, electronic device and computer storage medium for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on an asymmetric distribution of radiation, the method comprising:
determining the optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic array of a target area according to horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within a preset time length;
according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration;
determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the spring optimal azimuth angle under the condition that the difference between the spring optimal azimuth angle and the average annual optimal azimuth angle is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold, otherwise determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the average annual optimal azimuth angle; and
and respectively determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in autumn and an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in winter in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn and the optimal azimuth angle in winter.
In some embodiments, the determining the spring best azimuth, the summer best azimuth, the autumn best azimuth, and the winter best azimuth within the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array best inclination comprises:
calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to a plurality of preset azimuth angles according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
for each preset azimuth angle, respectively calculating the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount according to the corresponding average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month;
among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation is determined as the spring best azimuth angle in the preset duration, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding summer average inclined plane radiation is determined as the summer best azimuth angle in the preset duration, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding autumn average inclined plane radiation is determined as the autumn best azimuth angle in the preset duration, and the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding winter average inclined plane radiation is determined as the winter best azimuth angle in the preset duration.
In some embodiments, the determining the average yearly optimal azimuth angle for the preset duration based on the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle comprises:
for each preset azimuth angle, calculating the sum of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount as the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation total amount;
and determining a preset azimuth angle with the maximum total amount of the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation in the plurality of preset azimuth angles as an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
for each month, determining a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of average inclined plane radiation corresponding to the month in the plurality of preset azimuth angles as a month average optimal azimuth angle of the month;
and respectively determining the installation azimuth angles of the months of the photovoltaic array in a future period according to the average optimal azimuth angles of the months.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
determining an average optimal azimuth angle in the morning and an average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon in the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
and respectively determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in the morning and the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in the afternoon in a future period according to the average optimal azimuth angle of the morning and the average optimal azimuth angle of the afternoon.
In some embodiments, the determining the average optimal azimuth in the morning and the average optimal azimuth in the afternoon within the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination of the photovoltaic array includes:
according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount in the morning and the average inclined plane radiation total amount in the morning, which correspond to a plurality of preset azimuth angles respectively;
and among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, determining the preset azimuth angle with the maximum corresponding average inclined plane radiation amount in the morning as the average optimal azimuth angle in the morning, and determining the preset azimuth angle with the maximum corresponding average inclined plane radiation amount in the afternoon as the average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon.
In some embodiments, the determining the optimal tilt angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time period comprises:
calculating the average total horizontal plane radiation amount of each month according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data;
calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to the preset inclination angles according to the average horizontal plane radiation total amount of each month;
for each preset inclination angle, calculating the sum of the average inclined plane radiation total amounts of the months corresponding to each preset inclination angle as the average annual inclined plane radiation total amount corresponding to each preset inclination angle;
and determining a preset inclination angle with the maximum total radiation amount of the average inclined plane each year corresponding to the preset inclination angles as the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on an asymmetric distribution of radiation, the apparatus comprising:
the first processing module is used for determining the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time length;
the second processing module is used for determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle;
a third processing module, configured to determine whether a difference between the spring best azimuth angle and the average annual best azimuth angle is less than or equal to a preset threshold;
a fourth processing module, configured to determine, if a difference between the spring best azimuth and the average annual best azimuth is less than or equal to a preset threshold, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time according to the spring best azimuth, otherwise determine, according to the average annual best azimuth, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time; and
and respectively determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in autumn and an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in winter in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn and the optimal azimuth angle in winter.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including:
one or more processors;
a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of determining a photovoltaic array azimuth angle based on radiation asymmetry distribution as described previously.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program when executed implements a method of determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on an asymmetric distribution of radiation as described above.
Determining the optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic array of a target area according to horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within a preset time length; according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration; determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the spring optimal azimuth angle under the condition that the difference between the spring optimal azimuth angle and the average annual optimal azimuth angle is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold, otherwise determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the average annual optimal azimuth angle; and according to the summer optimal azimuth, the autumn optimal azimuth and the winter optimal azimuth, respectively determining an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth of the autumn and an installation azimuth of the winter in a period of time in the future, and not directly setting the azimuth to 0 degree (namely, the forward and the south), wherein the importance of the azimuth is considered, the optimal installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array can be determined based on the asymmetric distribution of the radiation of the target area, and the utilization rate of solar resources and the efficiency of solar power generation are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart II of a method for determining azimuth angles of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for determining azimuth angles of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The embodiments described herein may be described with reference to plan and/or cross-sectional illustrations that are idealized schematic illustrations of the present invention. Accordingly, the example illustrations may be modified in accordance with manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Thus, the embodiments are not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but include modifications of the configuration formed based on the manufacturing process. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic properties and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the figures illustrate the particular shapes of the regions of the elements, but are not intended to be limiting.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present invention and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
In the design of a photovoltaic power station, the algorithm research of the radiation quantity of an inclined plane is the key to determine the optimal inclination angle, and the field provides different models for calculating the radiation quantity of the inclined plane in each time dimension of hours, days, months and the like, wherein the main difference between the different models is a calculation model of the scattered radiation quantity of the inclined plane, and the calculation model is mainly divided into a sky isotropic model and a sky anisotropic model; the sky isotropic model assumes that the distribution of scattered radiation intensity in the sky is uniform, represented by the Liu and Jordan model, which considers that the distribution of scattered radiation intensity in the sky is non-uniform; for example, the Hay model divides the scattered radiation into an isotropic part and a ring-day radiation part, and the Perez model divides the solar scattered radiation into three parts, ring-day scattered radiation, zenith scattered radiation, and zenith scattered radiation.
After selecting the model for calculating the radiation quantity of the inclined plane, the optimal inclination angle is generally calculated by adopting a numerical method or an analytic method. At present, there are some researches in the art about calculating an optimal inclination angle, for example, calculating inclined plane radiation amounts according to a Hay model so as to calculate and obtain month average daily radiation amounts and optimal inclination angles on inclined planes with different azimuth angles in a plurality of areas in China, determining the optimal inclination angle according to the relation between the average daily radiation amounts of the winter half year and the summer half year and the inclination angles on the basis of a sky anisotropic model, establishing a radiation new model according to solar radiation actual measurement data of an Shanghai area, and comparing an existing model with the new model in weather types, inclination angles, directions and the like.
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention proposes that the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array also affects the utilization rate of solar energy resources and the efficiency of solar power generation, and the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array can be further determined according to the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array under the condition of determining the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, specifically, since the solar radiation is integrally asymmetrically distributed, that is, the total amount of radiation in each season in spring, summer, autumn and winter is asymmetrically distributed, the optimal azimuth angle in spring, the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn, the optimal azimuth angle in winter and the optimal azimuth angle in average each year in a period of history can be determined, and then the installation azimuth angle of each season of the photovoltaic array in future can be further determined according to the optimal azimuth angles.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include the following steps:
in step S11, determining an optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic array of a target area according to horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within a preset time period;
in step S12, according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle within the preset duration;
in step S13, if the difference between the spring best azimuth and the average annual best azimuth is less than or equal to a preset threshold, determining an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in spring for a period of time in the future according to the spring best azimuth, otherwise, determining an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in spring for a period of time in the future according to the average annual best azimuth; and
in step S14, according to the summer optimal azimuth, the autumn optimal azimuth, and the winter optimal azimuth, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth of the autumn, and an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in winter in a future period of time are determined, respectively.
The execution sequence of step S13 and step S14 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and even step S13 and step S14 may be executed simultaneously. The preset time period refers to a history time period, such as the first 10 years, the first 20 years, the first 30 years, etc., and is optimal for the first 10 years as global climate change is increased in recent years. The average annual best azimuth angle is a value determined from the annual level radiation monitoring data over a predetermined period of time.
The horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area in the preset time period is obtained by monitoring the solar radiation amount of the target area hour by hour in the preset time period, and can comprise horizontal plane radiation amount data corresponding to each whole point time, wherein the horizontal plane radiation amount corresponding to the whole point time represents the total accumulated horizontal plane radiation amount in the previous hour.
Determining the installation azimuth angles of the four quarters of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time can refer to reinstallation or newly increased installation of each quarter of the photovoltaic array, and can also refer to the installation azimuth angle of the installed photovoltaic array which is adjusted to be the determined installation azimuth angle of the new quarter every season.
As can be seen from the above steps S11 to S14, the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area is determined according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time period; according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration; determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the spring optimal azimuth angle under the condition that the difference between the spring optimal azimuth angle and the average annual optimal azimuth angle is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold, otherwise determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the average annual optimal azimuth angle; and according to the summer optimal azimuth, the autumn optimal azimuth and the winter optimal azimuth, respectively determining an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth of the autumn and an installation azimuth of the winter in a period of time in the future, and not directly setting the azimuth to 0 degree (namely, the forward and the south), wherein the importance of the azimuth is considered, the optimal installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array can be determined based on the asymmetric distribution of the radiation of the target area, and the utilization rate of solar resources and the efficiency of solar power generation are improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the determining the spring best azimuth, the summer best azimuth, the autumn best azimuth, and the winter best azimuth (i.e. in step S12) within the preset time period according to the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array best inclination angle may include the following steps:
in step S121, calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to each of a plurality of preset azimuth angles according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
in step S122, for each of the preset azimuth angles, the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount are calculated according to the corresponding average inclined plane radiation total amounts of the months;
in step S123, among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation is determined as a spring best azimuth angle within the preset duration, a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding summer average inclined plane radiation is determined as a summer best azimuth angle within the preset duration, a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding autumn average inclined plane radiation is determined as an autumn best azimuth angle within the preset duration, and a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding winter average inclined plane radiation is determined as a winter best azimuth angle within the preset duration.
The initial value of the azimuth angle is 0 degrees, and the preset azimuth angles can be all integer angles in an integer set of [ -90 degrees, +90 degrees ], wherein the angle of the positive south and the east is a negative value, and the angle of the positive south and the west is a positive value.
Embodiments of the present invention provide that the slope irradiance may be calculated to determine the optimal tilt angle using an isotropic sky model, such as the Liu and Jordan model, where the distribution of scattered radiation intensity in the sky is uniform. The following formula for calculating the bevel radiation dose (per hour) for the Liu and Jordan model:
the formula for calculating the total amount of bevel radiation:
；
the formula for calculating the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane:
wherein->
；
And calculating a formula of the radiation quantity reflected by the inclined plane:
；
and calculating a formula of the inclined plane scattered radiation quantity:
;
in all of the above-mentioned formulas,
for the total amount of ramp radiation->
Is the direct radiation quantity of inclined plane, ">
Reflecting the radiant quantity for the inclined plane, ">
Scattering the radiation quantity for the inclined plane; />
Total amount of horizontal radiation>
For the direct radiation of horizontal plane, < >>
For the horizontal scattering of the radiation quantity, the radiation quantity per hour is given in +.>
，/>
Is the direct radiation quantity ratio of the inclined plane to the horizontal plane, < >>
For the angle of incidence of sunlight on an inclined plane, +.>
For the angle of incidence of sunlight on the horizontal plane, +.>
Is inclined angle of incline->
The ground average reflectance is a dimensionless number and is usually 0.2.
In the case of fixed inclination angles (the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array is determined), the total amount of inclined plane radiation per hour at each preset azimuth angle value can be further calculated according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data, the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array and the Liu and Jordan model, so that the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month at each preset azimuth angle value is calculated.
In the embodiment of the invention, the months respectively included in four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter can be determined according to the longitude and latitude of the target area, instead of taking 1-3 months as spring, 4-6 months as summer, 7-9 months as autumn and 10-12 months as winter according to conventions.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the determining the average annual best azimuth angle (i.e. in step S12) for the preset time period according to the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array best inclination angle may include the following steps:
in step S124, for each of the preset azimuth angles, calculating the sum of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount as the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation total amount;
in step S125, a preset azimuth angle, in which the total amount of the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation is the largest, of the plurality of preset azimuth angles is determined as the average annual best azimuth angle within the preset duration.
In order to further improve the utilization rate of solar resources and the efficiency of solar power generation, and because the solar radiation of each month also presents asymmetric distribution, partial operation convenience can be sacrificed, and the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array is adjusted every month. Accordingly, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the method may further include the steps of:
in step S21, for each month, determining a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of average inclined plane radiation corresponding to the month from the plurality of preset azimuth angles, as an average optimal azimuth angle of the month;
in step S22, the installation azimuth angles of the respective months of the photovoltaic array in a future period are respectively determined according to the average optimal azimuth angles of the respective months.
In the embodiments described above, since the solar radiation amounts of each quarter and each month are asymmetrically distributed, the installation azimuth angles of the photovoltaic array can be adjusted in each month and each quarter, and in addition, the embodiments of the present invention also find that the solar radiation amounts in the morning and afternoon are also asymmetrically distributed, and specifically, in the preset period, the installation azimuth angles of the photovoltaic array can be adjusted in each noon and each evening, whether the total annual horizontal radiation amount and the annual horizontal direct radiation amount are the total annual horizontal radiation amount and the total monthly horizontal direct radiation amount, the total monthly horizontal radiation amount and the total monthly horizontal direct radiation amount are the total quarterly horizontal radiation amount and the total quarterly horizontal direct radiation amount are larger than the total afternoon.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the method may further include the steps of:
in step S31, determining an average optimal azimuth angle in the morning and an average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon within the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
in step S32, according to the average best azimuth in the morning and the average best azimuth in the afternoon, the installation azimuth in the morning and the installation azimuth in the afternoon of the photovoltaic array in a future period are respectively determined.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the determining the average optimal azimuth in the morning and the average optimal azimuth in the afternoon within the preset time period according to the level radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination of the photovoltaic array (i.e. step S31) may include the following steps:
in step S311, according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, calculating the total amount of the average inclined plane radiation in the morning and the total amount of the average inclined plane radiation in the morning, which correspond to the preset azimuth angles respectively;
in step S312, among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding average inclined plane radiation in the morning is determined as the average optimal azimuth angle in the morning, and the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding average inclined plane radiation in the afternoon is determined as the average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon.
The embodiment of the invention finds that the analysis method is only suitable for the case that the azimuth angle is 0 degree (namely, the right south direction), so that the optimal inclination angle is preferably calculated by adopting a numerical method under the condition of considering the importance of the azimuth angle. Accordingly, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the determining the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area according to the level radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time period (i.e. step S11) may include the following steps:
in step S111, calculating an average total level radiation for each month based on the level radiation monitoring data;
in step S112, calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to the preset inclination angles according to the average horizontal plane radiation total amount of each month;
in step S113, for each of the preset inclinations, calculating the sum of the average inclined plane radiation amounts of the months corresponding to each of the preset inclinations as the average annual inclined plane radiation amount corresponding to each of the preset inclinations;
in step S114, a preset inclination angle, corresponding to the preset inclination angles, with the maximum total amount of radiation of the average annual inclined plane is determined as the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area.
Based on the same technical concept, as shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation, where the apparatus may include:
the first processing module 101 is configured to determine an optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic array of a target area according to horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within a preset duration;
a second processing module 102, configured to determine, according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle, and an average annual optimal azimuth angle within the preset duration;
a third processing module 103, configured to determine whether a difference between the spring best azimuth angle and the average annual best azimuth angle is less than or equal to a preset threshold;
a fourth processing module 104, configured to determine, if the difference between the spring best azimuth and the average annual best azimuth is less than or equal to a preset threshold, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time according to the spring best azimuth, otherwise determine, according to the average annual best azimuth, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time; and
and respectively determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in autumn and an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in winter in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn and the optimal azimuth angle in winter.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may include:
one or more processors;
a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of determining a photovoltaic array azimuth angle based on radiation asymmetry distribution as described in any of the previous embodiments.
Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program when executed implements the method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic array based on the asymmetric distribution of radiation according to any of the previous embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps of the methods, functional modules/units in the apparatus disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between the functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed cooperatively by several physical components. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as known to those skilled in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media.
Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and should be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In some instances, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with other embodiments unless explicitly stated otherwise. It will therefore be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining azimuth angles of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation, the method comprising:
determining the optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic array of a target area according to horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within a preset time length;
according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle, determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration;
determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the spring optimal azimuth angle under the condition that the difference between the spring optimal azimuth angle and the average annual optimal azimuth angle is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold, otherwise determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in spring in a future period according to the average annual optimal azimuth angle; and
and respectively determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in autumn and an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in winter in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn and the optimal azimuth angle in winter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the spring best azimuth, summer best azimuth, autumn best azimuth, and winter best azimuth for the predetermined duration based on the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array best inclination comprises:
calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to a plurality of preset azimuth angles according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
for each preset azimuth angle, respectively calculating the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount according to the corresponding average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month;
among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation is determined as the spring best azimuth angle in the preset duration, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding summer average inclined plane radiation is determined as the summer best azimuth angle in the preset duration, the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding autumn average inclined plane radiation is determined as the autumn best azimuth angle in the preset duration, and the preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of the corresponding winter average inclined plane radiation is determined as the winter best azimuth angle in the preset duration.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the average yearly optimal azimuth angle for the predetermined duration based on the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle comprises:
for each preset azimuth angle, calculating the sum of the corresponding spring average inclined plane radiation total amount, summer average inclined plane radiation total amount, autumn average inclined plane radiation total amount and winter average inclined plane radiation total amount as the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation total amount;
and determining a preset azimuth angle with the maximum total amount of the corresponding average annual inclined plane radiation in the plurality of preset azimuth angles as an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
for each month, determining a preset azimuth angle with the largest total amount of average inclined plane radiation corresponding to the month in the plurality of preset azimuth angles as a month average optimal azimuth angle of the month;
and respectively determining the installation azimuth angles of the months of the photovoltaic array in a future period according to the average optimal azimuth angles of the months.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
determining an average optimal azimuth angle in the morning and an average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon in the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array;
and respectively determining the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in the morning and the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in the afternoon in a future period according to the average optimal azimuth angle of the morning and the average optimal azimuth angle of the afternoon.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining an average optimal azimuth in the morning and an average optimal azimuth in the afternoon for the predetermined duration based on the level radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal tilt angle comprises:
according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount in the morning and the average inclined plane radiation total amount in the morning, which correspond to a plurality of preset azimuth angles respectively;
and among the plurality of preset azimuth angles, determining the preset azimuth angle with the maximum corresponding average inclined plane radiation amount in the morning as the average optimal azimuth angle in the morning, and determining the preset azimuth angle with the maximum corresponding average inclined plane radiation amount in the afternoon as the average optimal azimuth angle in the afternoon.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein determining the optimal tilt angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area based on the level radiation monitoring data of the target area over a preset time period comprises:
calculating the average total horizontal plane radiation amount of each month according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data;
calculating the average inclined plane radiation total amount of each month corresponding to the preset inclination angles according to the average horizontal plane radiation total amount of each month;
for each preset inclination angle, calculating the sum of the average inclined plane radiation total amounts of the months corresponding to each preset inclination angle as the average annual inclined plane radiation total amount corresponding to each preset inclination angle;
and determining a preset inclination angle with the maximum total radiation amount of the average inclined plane each year corresponding to the preset inclination angles as the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area.
8. An apparatus for determining azimuth angles of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation, the apparatus comprising:
the first processing module is used for determining the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array of the target area according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data of the target area within the preset time length;
the second processing module is used for determining a spring optimal azimuth angle, a summer optimal azimuth angle, an autumn optimal azimuth angle, a winter optimal azimuth angle and an average annual optimal azimuth angle in the preset duration according to the horizontal plane radiation monitoring data and the photovoltaic array optimal inclination angle;
a third processing module, configured to determine whether a difference between the spring best azimuth angle and the average annual best azimuth angle is less than or equal to a preset threshold;
a fourth processing module, configured to determine, if a difference between the spring best azimuth and the average annual best azimuth is less than or equal to a preset threshold, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time according to the spring best azimuth, otherwise determine, according to the average annual best azimuth, an installation azimuth of the photovoltaic array in a future period of time; and
and respectively determining an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in summer, an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in autumn and an installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array in winter in a period of time in the future according to the optimal azimuth angle in summer, the optimal azimuth angle in autumn and the optimal azimuth angle in winter.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of determining a photovoltaic array azimuth angle based on an asymmetric distribution of radiation of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the program when executed implements the method of determining azimuth angles of a photovoltaic array based on asymmetric distribution of radiation as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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