CN116082777A - Black weather-resistant layer, photovoltaic module and color photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Black weather-resistant layer, photovoltaic module and color photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN116082777A CN116082777A CN202310076621.7A CN202310076621A CN116082777A CN 116082777 A CN116082777 A CN 116082777A CN 202310076621 A CN202310076621 A CN 202310076621A CN 116082777 A CN116082777 A CN 116082777A
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- adhesive film
- black
- photovoltaic module
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/056—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means the light-reflecting means being of the back surface reflector [BSR] type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The application discloses black weather-proof layer, including following component: 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent. The application also provides a photovoltaic module and a color photovoltaic module. The application provides a photovoltaic module, because the effect of strengthening the glued membrane layer, make photovoltaic module is under the high temperature condition of normal work, and inside glued membrane layer still has high elastic modulus and intensity, thereby makes photovoltaic module has higher security.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a black weather-resistant layer, a photovoltaic module and a color photovoltaic module.
Background
The photovoltaic module is used as a tool for receiving and converting light energy, has high efficiency after long-term technical updating and iteration, and has wide application in large-scale ground power stations. As the amount of photovoltaic installation increases, ground resource usage has tended to saturate, and a large amount of building area is the best choice for installing photovoltaic as a sunlight receiving surface. The photovoltaic is installed on the building, so that on one hand, the energy income can be increased, on the other hand, the building energy consumption can be reduced, meanwhile, the building power generation can be self-used, and the loss of long-distance power transmission is reduced. However, the photovoltaic cells are usually dark blue or black in color, are monotonous, and cannot meet the appearance requirements of building diversification. Among the technologies of photovoltaic cells are thin film cell technologies such as cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, etc., which are generally inefficient. Crystalline silicon is used as a mature photovoltaic power generation technology, and the current efficiency reaches more than 24% of mass production efficiency, so that the crystalline silicon is a preferred technology for building photovoltaic integration. The method for realizing the diversified color requirements of the photovoltaic module is to add inorganic or organic pigments into the adhesive film, such as a color adhesive film. On the one hand, the method can greatly reduce the efficiency of the photovoltaic module due to the absorption of the pigment to light, and on the other hand, the method has the risk of fading, so that the method is not a good choice of the color of the photovoltaic module. The method has the advantages that the color coating layer is arranged on the surface of the battery piece, but the color is difficult to be uniform and consistent due to the difficulty in controlling the thickness of the coating layer, and the appearance is difficult to be seen.
On the other hand, the safety performance of the photovoltaic module is very important control performance when the photovoltaic module is used on a building, particularly when the photovoltaic module is used on a vertical surface. The photovoltaic module is used as laminated glass, and after being broken, the packaging adhesive film is not easy to fall from a high place due to the existence of fragments, so that the laminated glass has certain safety property. The strength of this safety attribute is directly related to the characteristics of the packaging adhesive film used, in particular the modulus of elasticity. The common packaging adhesive film comprises EVA, POE, PVB and the like. The physical properties of the adhesive films are that the elastic modulus of the adhesive films gradually decreases along with the rise of temperature, and the EVA, POE and PVB all have glass transition points lower than normal temperature, and the elastic modulus of the adhesive films is greatly reduced when the temperature is higher than 50 ℃. The strength is already weak to a negligible extent compared to glass. However, when the photovoltaic module is used as an electrical appliance unit and is used for outdoor insolation power generation, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is higher than the ambient temperature by thirty-forty degrees. Such as Xia Tianshi, temperatures up to 80 c and even higher. At this temperature, the inside EVA of photovoltaic module, POE, PVB etc. encapsulation glued membrane intensity can be very low, if the subassembly receives external force to take place to damage this time, just probably takes place to fall under the dead weight after the subassembly after the damage and hurts the people. The summer is a season with extreme weather high occurrence such as hail and wind, and the risk is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application proposes a black weather-resistant layer, a photovoltaic module, and a color photovoltaic module having the black weather-resistant layer, which can absorb visible light and have a high reflectivity for infrared light.
The application provides a black weather-resistant layer, which comprises the following components:
80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
Further, the weather-resistant resin substrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, trifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer and isocyanate, preferably acrylic resin or fluorocarbon resin;
the solvent is at least one selected from toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone, preferably butyl acetate;
the black pigment is at least one selected from iron-chromium black, copper-chromium black, iron-manganese black, aniline black and perylene black, and preferably is iron-chromium black;
The filler is at least one selected from glass powder, ceramic powder, white carbon black and alumina, and is preferably white carbon black;
the curing agent is at least one of isocyanate curing agent, imidazole curing agent, amine curing agent and dicyandiamide curing agent, and is preferably isocyanate curing agent;
the silane coupling agent is at least one selected from gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-glycidyl ether aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloxy-propyl trimethoxysilane, and is preferably gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane;
the auxiliary agent is selected from one of emulsified silicone oil, higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alcohol amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether or polydimethylsiloxane; preferably polydimethylsiloxane.
Further, the particle size of the black pigment is 5-50 μm; the particle size of the filler is 1-5 mu m.
Further, the black weather-proof layer is a film layer with a grid shape.
Further, the black weather-resistant layer has a reflectance of less than 10% for visible light and a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more.
The application provides a photovoltaic module, including backplate, first lower floor flexible glued membrane layer, reinforcement glued membrane layer, second lower floor flexible glued membrane layer, battery piece layer and the front bezel of range upon range of setting in proper order.
Further, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer are selected from one of EVA film layer, POE film layer, PVB film layer or SGP film layer;
the thickness of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm;
the thickness of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm.
Further, the reinforced adhesive film layer is one of a PET film layer, a PU film layer, a nylon layer or a wire mesh layer;
the thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer is 0.1-1mm.
Further, a black weather-resistant layer is arranged at any position of the back plate, which is away from the surface of one side of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the back plate and the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the reinforced adhesive film layer, between the reinforced adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, and between the second lower flexible adhesive film layer and the battery piece.
Further, the backboard is one of a glass backboard, a metal backboard, an organic backboard, an inorganic backboard or a composite backboard.
Further, the front plate is an upper colored glass layer or an upper transparent layer.
Further, the photovoltaic module comprises a back glass layer, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film layer, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer, a battery piece layer and an upper colored glass layer which are sequentially laminated.
Further, the black weather-resistant layer is the black weather-resistant layer.
The application provides a color photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a back glass layer, a glue film layer, a battery piece layer and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially laminated;
a black weather-resistant layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the back glass layer, which is away from the adhesive film layer, between the back glass layer and the adhesive film layer, between the adhesive film layer and the battery piece, or in the adhesive film layer;
the black weather-resistant layer has a reflectance of less than 10% for visible light and a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more.
Further, the adhesive film layer is composed of an adhesive film, and the adhesive film is selected from a single-layer adhesive film, a two-layer adhesive film or a three-layer adhesive film and any one of the above.
Further, the adhesive film is a flexible adhesive film or a reinforced adhesive film or a laminated adhesive film of the flexible adhesive film and the reinforced adhesive film;
The reinforced adhesive film layer is one of a PET film layer, a PU film layer, a nylon layer or a metal wire mesh layer;
the thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer is 0.1-1mm.
Further, the adhesive film layer is a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer which are sequentially laminated.
Further, the adhesive film layer is a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film, a black weather-proof layer and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer which are sequentially laminated.
Further, the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper adhesive film layer, a colored glaze layer and a front glass layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and one side surface of the upper adhesive film layer, which is away from the colored glaze layer, is connected with the battery piece layer.
Further, the upper adhesive film layer is a colorless transparent adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the upper adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm.
Further, the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper adhesive film layer and a front glass layer which are sequentially arranged, and one side surface of the upper adhesive film layer, which is away from the front glass layer, is connected with the battery piece layer.
Further, the upper adhesive film layer is a color transparent adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the upper adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm.
Further, the front glass layer is transparent glass, and the thickness of the front glass layer is 1-16mm.
Further, one side surface of the front glass layer is provided with an antireflection layer.
Further, the black weather resistant layer is the black weather resistant layer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The application also provides a preparation method of the color photovoltaic device, which comprises the following steps:
a back side glass layer is provided and,
providing a three-layer composite film, wherein the three-layer composite film comprises a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film layer and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer which are sequentially laminated together;
laminating the first lower flexible adhesive film layer with the back glass;
a battery piece layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, which is away from the reinforced adhesive film layer;
and the upper material glass layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the battery piece layer, which is away from the second lower flexible adhesive film layer.
Further, after corona treatment is performed on the two surfaces of the reinforced adhesive film layer, the reinforced adhesive film layer is respectively pressed with the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, so that the three-layer composite film is formed.
The black weather-resistant layer can absorb visible light and has higher reflectivity for infrared light.
The application provides a photovoltaic module, because the effect of strengthening the glued membrane layer, make photovoltaic module is under the high temperature condition of normal work, and inside glued membrane layer still has high elastic modulus and intensity, thereby makes photovoltaic module has higher security.
The application color photovoltaic module, after corona treatment is carried out on two surfaces of the reinforced adhesive film layer, the reinforced adhesive film layer is respectively pressed with the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, so that the reinforced adhesive film layer is laminated together, and high interlayer bonding capacity is guaranteed.
The application colored photovoltaic module, because the black weather-proof layer can absorb visible light to avoid battery piece region and battery piece clearance region to the reflection difference of incident light, lead to the whole color development of photovoltaic module inhomogeneous to have colour difference or unable color development, thereby influence whole aesthetic property, the joining of black weather-proof layer absorbs visible light, thereby guarantees the whole color development and the pleasing to the eye degree of photovoltaic module, simultaneously the black weather-proof layer has higher reflectivity to the infrared light, via the infrared light that the black weather-proof layer reflected can be by the battery piece layer absorbs, consequently this application photovoltaic module when realizing the colour, further improve photovoltaic module generating efficiency.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the present application and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic module provided in the present application.
Fig. 3 is a graph of transmittance and single color reflectance of the color photovoltaic module of embodiment 1 of this application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1-front glass layer, 2-colored glaze layer, 3-upper adhesive film layer, 4-battery piece layer, 5-second lower flexible adhesive film layer, 6-reinforced adhesive film layer, 7-first lower flexible adhesive film layer, 8-back glass layer and 9-black weather-resistant layer.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present application are described below, including various details of embodiments of the present application to facilitate understanding, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness. The upper and lower positions in this application depend on the direction of incidence of the light, where the light is incident.
The application provides a black weather-resistant layer, which comprises the following components: 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
In the application, the raw materials of the black weather-resistant layer 9 consist of 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
The black weather-resistant layer 9 is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent and heating and curing.
Specifically, the weather-resistant resin base material, the solvent, the black pigment, the filler, the silane coupling agent, the curing agent and the auxiliary agent are in mass ratio of (80-100): (40-120): (10-50): (5-20): (1-20): (3-30): (1-5).
Further specifically, the method comprises the steps of, the mass ratio of the weatherable resin substrate, solvent, and black colorant may be 80:40:10, 80:50:10, 80:60:10, 80:70:10, 80:80:10, 80:90:10, 80:100:10, 80:110:10, 80:120:10, 80:40:20, 80:40:30, 80:40:40, 80:40:50, 90:40:10, 90:50:20, 90:50:30, 90:50:40, 90:50:50, 90:60:20: 90:60:30, 90:60:40, 90:60:50, 90:70:20, 90:70:30, 90:70:40, 90:70:50, 90:80:20, 90:80:30, 90:80:40, 90:80:50, 90:90:20, 90:90:30, 90:90:40, 90:90:50, 90:100:20, 90:100:30, 90:100:40, 90:100:50, 90:110:20, 90:110:30, 90:110:40, 90:110:50, 90:120:20, 90:120:30, 90:120:40, 90:120:50).
The weather-resistant resin substrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, trifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer and isocyanate, preferably acrylic resin or fluorocarbon resin.
The solvent is at least one of toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone; butyl acetate is preferred.
The black pigment is at least one of iron-chromium black, copper-chromium black, iron-manganese black, aniline black and perylene black, preferably iron-chromium black, more preferably precursor with Fe/Cr molar ratio of 0.5, and is formed by calcining at 900℃ to obtain Cr with high crystallinity 1.3 Fe 0.7 O 3 Iron chromium black in the main crystal phase.
The particle size of the black coloring material is 5 to 50. Mu.m, for example, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm or 50. Mu.m.
The filler is at least one of glass powder, ceramic powder, white carbon black and alumina, and is preferably white carbon black. The particle size of the filler is 1 to 5. Mu.m, for example, 1. Mu.m, 1.5. Mu.m, 2. Mu.m, 2.5. Mu.m, 3. Mu.m, 3.5. Mu.m, 4. Mu.m, 4.5. Mu.m, 5. Mu.m.
The curing agent is at least one of isocyanate curing agent, imidazole curing agent, amine curing agent and dicyandiamide curing agent, and is preferably isocyanate curing agent;
the silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-glycidyl ether aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloxy-propyl trimethoxysilane, and is preferably gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
The auxiliary agent is one or more than two selected from emulsified silicone oil, higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alcohol amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether and polydimethylsiloxane; polydimethylsiloxane is preferred.
In this application, the black weather-resistant layer 9 is any film layer having a mesh shape.
In the present application, the reflectance of the black weather-resistant layer 9 for visible light is lower than 10%, preferably lower than 5%, for example, the reflectance of the black weather-resistant layer 9 for visible light may be 10%, 8%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or the like.
Specifically, the black weather-resistant layer 9 has a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more. For example, the black weather-resistant layer 9 may have an infrared light reflectance of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or the like with respect to a wavelength of 750nm or more.
Because the black weather-resistant layer 9 can reflect infrared light, when the solar cell layer is applied to a photovoltaic module, the absorption of the infrared light by the photovoltaic module can be further reduced, so that the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, and infrared light with the wavelength of 800-1100, which is reflected by the black weather-resistant layer 9, can be absorbed by the cell layer 4 in the photovoltaic module, and because the cell layer 4 is a solar cell layer, the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell layer can be improved.
The existing photovoltaic module mainly uses EVA or POE as a packaging material, and the packaging structure can meet the reliability requirement of the photovoltaic, but can not meet the requirements of the anti-flexing deformation and the safety performance of the photovoltaic laminated glass in building application scenes such as curtain walls, daylighting roofs and the like due to lower elastic modulus and tensile strength of the EVA and the POE. Wherein the safety performance is a key performance requirement of the building on the laminated glass. PVB is often used for packaging laminated glass in buildings, so that the packaging material of a common curtain wall photovoltaic module also needs to be packaged by PVB. However, since the photovoltaic module actually works because the current exists in the module, most sunlight entering the photovoltaic module cannot be converted into electric energy but is converted into heat energy, a large amount of heat is generated, the heat dissipation speed is not very high, the temperature of the module in actual work is far higher than the ambient temperature, the temperature in the module can reach more than 50 ℃ at the ambient temperature of 25 ℃, and the maximum temperature can reach more than 80 ℃ when the ambient temperature rises and the sunlight irradiation amount is large. And EVA, POE and PVB are used as elastoplastic polymer materials, when the temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the elastic modulus of the EVA, POE and PVB is greatly reduced along with the temperature rise, and when the temperature is higher than 50 ℃, the elastic modulus of the EVA, POE and PVB is reduced to below 2MPa, and the elastic modulus is far lower than the elastic modulus of 70GPa of glass. In such a normalized high temperature environment, the flexural modulus of the photovoltaic laminated glass is also greatly reduced, and the safety property as a safety glass is also meaningless due to the great reduction of the modulus and strength of the adhesive film at high temperature. (in this application, photovoltaic modules are also referred to as photovoltaic devices.)
Based on this, the application provides a photovoltaic module, and it includes backplate, first lower flexible glued membrane layer 7, the flexible glued membrane layer 6 of reinforcement, second lower flexible glued membrane layer 5, battery piece layer 4 and the front bezel of range upon range of setting in proper order.
Specifically, the backboard is one of a glass backboard, a metal backboard, an organic backboard, an inorganic backboard or a composite backboard.
Specifically, the front plate is an upper colored glass layer or an upper transparent layer.
When the front plate is an upper transparent layer, the photovoltaic module is a conventional color-free or black photovoltaic module and can also be a photovoltaic device. Namely, the transparent photovoltaic module comprises a back plate, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a battery piece layer 4 and an upper transparent layer which are sequentially laminated.
When the front plate is an upper colored glass layer, the photovoltaic component is a color photovoltaic component and can also be called a color photovoltaic device. Namely, the color photovoltaic assembly comprises a back plate, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a battery piece layer 4 and an upper colored glass layer which are sequentially laminated.
A black weather-resistant layer is arranged on one side surface of the back plate, which is away from the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the back plate and the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the reinforced adhesive film layer, between the reinforced adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, and at any position between the second lower flexible adhesive film layer and the battery piece. (the black weather-resistant layer can be described with reference to the foregoing black weather-resistant layer)
The first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, the reinforced adhesive film layer 6, the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, and the battery slice layer 4 may refer to the descriptions of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, the reinforced adhesive film layer 6, the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, and the battery slice layer 4 in the following color photovoltaic module.
The application provides a color photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a back glass layer 8, a glue film layer, a cell layer 4 and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially laminated;
a black weather-resistant layer 9 is arranged on the surface of one side of the back glass layer 8, which is away from the adhesive film layer, between the back glass layer 8 and the adhesive film layer, between the adhesive film layer and the battery piece, or in the adhesive film layer;
the black weather-resistant layer 9 has a reflectance of less than 10% for visible light and a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more.
Specifically, the color photovoltaic module comprises a black weather-resistant layer 9, a back glass layer 8, a glue film layer, a cell layer 4 and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially stacked.
Specifically, the color photovoltaic module comprises a back glass layer 8, a black weather-resistant layer 9, a glue film layer, a cell layer 4 and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially stacked.
Specifically, the color photovoltaic module comprises a back glass layer 8, a glue film layer, a black weather-proof layer 9, a cell layer 4 and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially stacked.
Specifically, the color photovoltaic module comprises a back glass layer 8, a glue film layer, a cell sheet layer 4 and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially laminated, and a black weather-resistant layer 9 is arranged in the glue film layer.
In the application, the adhesive film layer is composed of an adhesive film, and the adhesive film is selected from a single-layer adhesive film, a two-layer adhesive film or a three-layer adhesive film and any one of the above.
Specifically, the adhesive film is a flexible adhesive film or a reinforced adhesive film or a laminated adhesive film of the flexible adhesive film and the reinforced adhesive film.
Specifically, the adhesive film layer is a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6 and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 which are sequentially laminated.
Specifically, the adhesive film layer is a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a black weather-proof layer 9 and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 which are sequentially laminated.
Specifically, the adhesive film layer is a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a black weather-proof layer 9, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6 and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 which are sequentially laminated.
In a specific embodiment, the color photovoltaic module includes a black weather-resistant layer 9, a back glass layer 8, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a battery sheet layer 4 and an upper color glass layer, which are sequentially stacked.
In a specific embodiment, the color photovoltaic module includes a back glass layer 8, a black weather-resistant layer 9, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a battery sheet layer 4, and an upper color glass layer that are sequentially stacked.
In a specific embodiment, the color photovoltaic module includes a back glass layer 8, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a black weather-proof layer 9, a battery sheet layer 4, and an upper color glass layer that are sequentially stacked.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the color photovoltaic module includes a back glass layer 8, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, a battery sheet layer 4, and an upper color glass layer that are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. And a black weather-resistant layer 9 is coated on the surface of one side of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6, which is close to the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5.
The back glass layer 8 is transparent glass and may have a thickness of 1-18mm. For example, it may be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, or 18mm.
In the present application, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 are both selected from one of EVA film layer, POE film layer, PVB film layer or SGP film layer;
specifically, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 may be the same film layer or may be different film layers.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is an EVA film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is an EVA film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is a POE film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is an EVA film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is an SGP film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is a POE film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is a POE film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is a POE film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is a POE film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is an SGP film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is a PVB film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is a PVB film layer.
In a specific embodiment, the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 is an SGP film layer, and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is an SGP film layer.
In the application, the thickness of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 is 0.1-2mm; for example, it may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm.
In the present application, the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 is one of a PET film layer, a PU film layer, a nylon layer or a wire mesh layer; the thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 is 0.1-1mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm.
The black weather-resistant layer 9 can absorb visible light, thereby avoid battery piece region and battery piece clearance region to the reflection difference of incident light, lead to the whole color development of photovoltaic module inhomogeneous to have colour difference or unable color development, thereby influence whole aesthetic property, the addition of black weather-resistant layer absorbs visible light, thereby guarantee the whole color development of photovoltaic module and pleasing to the eye degree, simultaneously because the black weather-resistant layer 9 has higher reflectivity to the infrared light, via the infrared light that black weather-resistant layer 9 reflects can be absorbed by battery piece layer 4, consequently this application colour photovoltaic module when realizing the colour, further improve photovoltaic module generating efficiency.
Specifically, the reflectance of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 coated with the black weather-resistant layer 9 to visible light is lower than 10%, preferably lower than 5%, for example, the reflectance of the black weather-resistant layer 9 to visible light may be 10%, 8%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or the like.
Specifically, the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 coated with the black weather-resistant layer 9 has a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more. For example, the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 coated with the black weather-resistant layer 9 may have an infrared light reflectance of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc. for wavelengths of 750nm or more.
The black weather-resistant layer 9 can reflect infrared light, so that the absorption of the device to infrared light can be further reduced, the working temperature of the device is reduced, infrared light with the wavelength of 800-1100, which is reflected by the black weather-resistant layer 9, can be absorbed by the solar cell layer 4, and the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell layer 4 can be improved because the solar cell layer 4 is the solar cell layer 4.
In the present application, the raw materials of the black weather-resistant layer 9 include: 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
In the application, the raw materials of the black weather-resistant layer 9 consist of 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
The black weather-resistant layer 9 is formed by mixing 80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent and heating and curing.
Specifically, the weather-resistant resin base material, the solvent, the black pigment, the filler, the silane coupling agent, the curing agent and the auxiliary agent are in mass ratio of (80-100): (40-120): (10-50): (5-20): (1-20): (3-30): (1-5).
Further specifically, the method comprises the steps of, the mass ratio of the weatherable resin substrate, solvent, and black colorant may be 80:40:10, 80:50:10, 80:60:10, 80:70:10, 80:80:10, 80:90:10, 80:100:10, 80:110:10, 80:120:10, 80:40:20, 80:40:30, 80:40:40, 80:40:50, 90:40:10, 90:50:20, 90:50:30, 90:50:40, 90:50:50, 90:60:20: 90:60:30, 90:60:40, 90:60:50, 90:70:20, 90:70:30, 90:70:40, 90:70:50, 90:80:20, 90:80:30, 90:80:40, 90:80:50, 90:90:20, 90:90:30, 90:90:40, 90:90:50, 90:100:20, 90:100:30, 90:100:40, 90:100:50, 90:110:20, 90:110:30, 90:110:40, 90:110:50, 90:120:20, 90:120:30, 90:120:40, 90:120:50).
The weather-resistant resin substrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, trifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer and isocyanate, preferably acrylic resin or fluorocarbon resin.
The solvent is at least one of toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone; butyl acetate is preferred.
The black pigmentAt least one of iron-chromium black, copper-chromium black, iron-manganese black, aniline black and perylene black, preferably iron-chromium black, more preferably precursor with Fe/Cr molar ratio of 0.5, and high crystallinity Cr formed by calcining at 900 DEG C 1.3 Fe 0.7 O 3 Iron chromium black in the main crystal phase.
The particle size of the black coloring material is 5 to 50. Mu.m, for example, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm or 50. Mu.m.
The filler is at least one of glass powder, ceramic powder, white carbon black and alumina, and is preferably white carbon black. The particle size of the filler is 1 to 5. Mu.m, for example, 1. Mu.m, 1.5. Mu.m, 2. Mu.m, 2.5. Mu.m, 3. Mu.m, 3.5. Mu.m, 4. Mu.m, 4.5. Mu.m, 5. Mu.m.
The curing agent is at least one of isocyanate curing agent, imidazole curing agent, amine curing agent and dicyandiamide curing agent, and is preferably isocyanate curing agent;
the silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-glycidyl ether aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloxy-propyl trimethoxysilane, and is preferably gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
The auxiliary agent is one or more than two selected from emulsified silicone oil, higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alcohol amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether and polydimethylsiloxane; polydimethylsiloxane is preferred.
In this application, the black weather-resistant layer 9 is any film layer having a mesh shape.
Specifically, the black weather-proof layer 9 may be coated on the surface of the back glass layer 8 near the side of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7/the surface of the any side of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7/the surface of the any side of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6/the surface of the any side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5/the surface of the cell layer 4 near the side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, or may be printed on the surface of the back glass layer 8 near the side of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7/the surface of the any side of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6/the surface of the any side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5/the surface of the cell layer 4 near the side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 in a screen printing manner, as shown in fig. 2. The use of the grid structure will reduce the amount of black paint used and allow the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 on the back of the battery sheet layer 4 to be light transmissive, and the back can generate electricity when the double-sided battery sheet layer 4 is used. Meanwhile, infrared rays transmitted through the battery piece layer 4 can be transmitted through the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 on the back surface of the battery piece layer 4, so that the absorption of the device to the infrared rays is reduced, and the working temperature of the device is lowered.
In this application, the quantity of battery piece layer 4 is a plurality of, and is a plurality of battery piece layer 4 equidistant array setting in proper order. The cell layer 4 may be a common single crystal or polycrystalline cell layer 4, and the number of the grid lines of the cell layer 4 may be any number between 2 and 30. Or back contact cell layer 4, cell layer 4 with a folded tile structure or cell layer 4 with a metal perforation structure and corresponding connection structure.
When the black weather-proof layer 9 is in a grid shape, the black weather-proof layer 9 is positioned on the orthographic projection of the gaps of the adjacent battery piece layers 4 on the reinforced adhesive film layer 6 and at the edge of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6.
In the present application, the upper colored glass layer is formed by two structures, specifically as follows:
the first structure is: the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper adhesive film layer 3, a colored glaze layer 2 and a front glass layer 1 which are sequentially arranged, and one side surface of the upper adhesive film layer 3, which is away from the colored glaze layer 2, is connected with the battery piece layer 4.
Specifically, the upper adhesive film layer 3 is a colorless transparent adhesive film layer, and the colorless transparent adhesive film layer may be an EVA layer, a POE layer, a PVB layer or an SGP layer, including but not limited to this. The thickness is 0.1-2mm, and can be, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm.
The colored glaze layer 2 can be a red glaze layer, an orange glaze layer, a yellow glaze layer, a green glaze layer, a blue glaze layer, a purple glaze layer and other glaze layers with various colors.
Specifically, the colored glaze layer 2 can be high-temperature ink of glass powder base material and colored inorganic toner or low-temperature ink of organic solvent and inorganic toner.
The high-temperature ink is prepared by mixing glass powder, inorganic toner and an organic solvent, attaching the mixture on the front glass layer 1 in a screen printing or spraying mode, sintering the mixture at a temperature ranging from 500 ℃ to 800 ℃, and tempering the front glass layer 1 at the same time, so that the colored glaze layer 2 is arranged on the front glass layer 1.
The inorganic toner can be multilayer oxide composed of metal oxides such as titanium, aluminum, silicon, tin, zirconium, zinc and the like, and also can be TiO 2 The multilayer structure formed by adding natural mica or synthetic mica can generate different colors through optical interference, and can also be multilayer oxide with micro-nano structure characteristics; the glass powder base material is formed by smelting and crushing a mixture of silicon oxide, bismuth oxide, boron oxide, zinc oxide, potassium carbonate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, a glass reinforcing agent, a glass clarifying agent, a decoloring agent and the like.
The low-temperature ink is prepared by mixing an organic solvent and inorganic toner, attaching the obtained low-temperature ink on the front glass layer 1 in a screen printing or spraying mode, and then heating and curing at 100-300 ℃ or curing by ultraviolet light, so that the colored glaze layer 2 is arranged on the front glass layer 1. The inorganic toner is added in the low temperature ink in a proportion of 0.5% to 15%.
The organic solvent can be hexanediol acrylic ester, functional acrylic ester, a coupling agent, a photocatalyst and other resins, and the organic solvent is uniformly stirred after inorganic toner is added.
The front glass layer 1 is transparent glass, and the thickness of the transparent glass layer is 1-16mm, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm or 16mm.
The second structure is as follows: the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper adhesive film layer 3 and a front glass layer 1 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and one side surface of the upper adhesive film layer 3, which is away from the front glass layer 1, is connected with the battery piece layer 4.
Specifically, the upper adhesive film layer 3 is a color transparent adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the upper adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm.
The colored transparent adhesive film layer can be formed by adding inorganic toner into a transparent adhesive film, the transparent adhesive film can be EVA, POE, PVB or SGP, and the inorganic toner can be multilayer oxide or pearl powder with interference characteristics, or can be inorganic toner with absorption characteristics, such as ferric oxide, cobalt phosphate, copper carbonate, chromium oxide and the like.
The front glass layer 1 is transparent glass, and the thickness of the transparent glass layer is 1-16mm, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm or 16mm.
In the present application, the upper colored glass layer is an interference colored glass layer, and due to the high transmittance and low reflectivity, when a material with high visible light reflectivity exists below the upper colored glass layer, the visible light waves reflected by the upper colored glass layer are mixed with the visible light waves reflected below the upper colored glass layer, and at this time, the color seen by the human eye is different from the color reflected by the upper colored glass layer. Therefore, the material with full black or near black color below the upper colored glass layer is required to absorb the visible light transmitted by the glass, and the light received by human eyes above the upper colored glass layer is mainly reflected light generated by interference of inorganic color powder in the upper colored glass layer, so that the true color of the upper colored glass layer is seen.
In this application, the upper colored glass layer has an antiglare structure.
Specifically, the surface of one side of the upper colored glass layer, which faces away from the colored glaze layer 2, is coated with an anti-reflection layer so as to improve the light transmittance.
In this application, upper transparent layer is from the bottom up including upper adhesive film layer 3 and the front glass layer 1 that set gradually, just upper adhesive film layer 3 deviate from the front glass layer 1 a side surface with battery piece layer 4 links together.
Specifically, the upper adhesive film layer 3 is a transparent adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the transparent adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm, for example, may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm.
The transparent adhesive film layer may be EVA, POE, PVB, SGP, or the like, including but not limited to.
The front glass layer 1 is transparent glass, and the thickness of the transparent glass layer is 1-16mm, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm or 16mm.
Further, the upper transparent layer has an anti-glare structure.
The application provides a preparation method of a color photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
Step one: a back glass layer 8 is provided which,
step two: providing a three-layer composite film, wherein the three-layer composite film comprises a first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7, a reinforced adhesive film layer 6 and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5 which are sequentially laminated together;
step three: stacking the first lower flexible glue film layer 7 and the back glass layer 8 together;
step four: a battery piece layer 4 is arranged on the surface of one side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, which is away from the reinforced adhesive film layer 6;
step five: and the upper material glass layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the battery piece layer 4, which is away from the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5.
In the second step, after corona treatment is performed on the two surfaces of the reinforced adhesive film layer 6, the two surfaces are respectively pressed together with the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, so that three layers of composite films are formed.
When the reinforced film layer 6 is a PET film layer, the surface activity of the PET film and the surface coating of the PET film is generally lower, the adhesiveness to the flexible film is lower, and in order to enhance the adhesiveness, the surface of the PET film is generally subjected to plasma corona treatment when leaving the factory, so that rich suspension bonds are formed on the surface of the PET film, and the PET film and the flexible film form chemical bonds to generate firm adhesion, so that the PET film and the flexible film after the corona can be directly laminated in a laminating machine to form the three-layer composite film. PET as a thermosetting material has an elastic modulus of about 1 to 2GPa at normal temperature, and the breaking strength can reach more than 120MPa, which is higher than that of toughened glass. Even if the temperature is raised to 75 ℃, the elastic modulus still exceeds 1GPa, and the strength is not lost. Thus, the device works normally at higher ambient temperatures, and the presence of the PET film layer allows the three-layer composite film to still have high modulus and high strength when the assembly temperature reaches 60 to 80 ℃. Thus, even if the device is subjected to abnormal external force at a high temperature of 80 ℃, when the back glass layer 8 or the front glass layer is broken, the high-strength and toughness PET film layer can be attached to the flexible adhesive films such as the first lower flexible adhesive film layer 7 and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer 5, so that broken glass fragments can be adhered to prevent the broken glass fragments from falling in a lump and injuring pedestrians below a high-rise building. If the PET film is not made of such high-temperature rigid materials, when the device is broken, the dead weight of glass fragments can be fully loaded on the first lower flexible film layer 7, the second lower flexible film layer 5 and the upper flexible film layer which have lower high-temperature strength, so that the film is stretched and deformed until the device is broken, and the large glass fragments are separated from the assembly to fall, so that potential safety hazards can be generated. Therefore, the PET adhesive layer with high strength at high temperature can ensure that the assembly keeps high flexural deformation resistance and high impact resistance, namely has high safety performance. The PET adhesive film high-strength material can also be replaced by PU, nylon or a wire mesh material, and the material has higher strength, can have stronger anti-falling capability when the component is broken, and has higher safety performance.
Examples
The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, if no special requirements are imposed.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the color photovoltaic module of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one: a back side glass layer is provided and,
the back glass layer is transparent glass, and the thickness of the back glass layer can be 3.2mm.
Step two: providing a three-layer composite film, wherein the three-layer composite film comprises a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film layer and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer which are sequentially laminated together;
and before the reinforced adhesive film layer is compounded, printing a black weather-resistant layer on one side surface of the reinforced adhesive film layer, and then carrying out corona treatment on two surfaces of the reinforced adhesive film layer, and respectively laminating the reinforced adhesive film layer with the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, so that the reinforced adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer are laminated together to form the three-layer composite film.
The first lower flexible adhesive film layer is an EVA film layer, and the thickness of the EVA film layer is 0.5mm.
The reinforced adhesive film layer is a PET film layer, and the thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer is 0.2mm.
The second lower flexible adhesive film layer is a POE film layer, and the thickness of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer is 0.5mm.
The black weather-resistant layer is in a grid shape, and the formula of the black weather-resistant layer comprises acrylic resin, butyl acetate, ferrochrome black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, an isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 80:40:10:5:10:10:1, forming the black weather-resistant layer by mixing, heating and curing the above-mentioned compounds.
Step three: laminating the first lower flexible adhesive film layer with the back glass;
step four: a battery piece layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, which is away from the reinforced adhesive film layer; the battery piece layer is a crystalline silicon battery piece layer.
Step five: an upper flexible adhesive film layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the battery piece layer, which is away from the second lower flexible adhesive film layer;
and providing a front glass layer, forming a blue glaze layer on one side surface of the front glass layer, and laminating one side surface of the front glass with the blue glaze layer and the upper flexible adhesive film together.
The upper flexible adhesive film layer is an EVA film layer, and the thickness of the EVA film layer is 0.5mm.
The front glass layer is transparent glass, and the thickness of the front glass layer is 3.2mm.
The following tests were performed on the color photovoltaic module:
Intensity test: in terms of strength, the color photovoltaic assembly is tested according to a falling ball test standard, and steel balls with different weights are used for impacting the color photovoltaic assembly from different heights. Under the condition that the back glass layer and the front glass layer are damaged, glass fragments in the color photovoltaic module can be adhered to the reinforced adhesive film layer and cannot scatter, and the safety is high.
Flexural deformation test: after the steel ball is impacted, the side of the device with the damaged back glass layer and the damaged front glass layer is vertically placed into a high-temperature box at 80 ℃ to be insulated for 1h (the high-temperature state of the assembly in actual working is simulated), and the device of the embodiment is still kept as it is.
Color test: the finished assembly was color tested using a spectrocolorimeter, and tested for a Musell index L, C, H of 32, 23-86, respectively, which characterizes the color. Where L is brightness, C is saturation, H is hue, saturation 23 is already a relatively high saturation, and the color characteristics are very pronounced. The glass with the color has higher light transmittance and lower reflectivity.
The properties of the color photovoltaic module are shown in tables 1 and 2. The color characteristics are shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from tables 2 and 3 that the color photovoltaic module of embodiment 1 has high color saturation while still maintaining high device efficiency and maintaining high security characteristics.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the black weathering layer in example 2 covers the entire surface of the reinforced adhesive film layer. The properties of the color photovoltaic module are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that there is no black weathering layer. The properties of the color photovoltaic module are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 4
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the reinforced adhesive film layer is a PU film layer. The properties of the color photovoltaic module are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that the reinforced adhesive film layer is a nylon layer. The properties of the color photovoltaic module are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 6
Example 7
Example 7 differs from example 1 in that the formulation of the black weatherable layer is different, and the formulation of the black weatherable layer in example 7 is: the weight ratio of acrylic resin, butyl acetate, iron chromium black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane is 90:60:15:5:10:10:1, the performance of the color photovoltaic module is shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 8
Example 8 differs from example 1 in that the formulation of the black weatherable layer is different, and the formulation of the black weatherable layer in example 8 is: the weight ratio of polyvinylidene fluoride, butyl acetate, ferrochrome black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane is 80:60:20:5:10:10:1, the performance of the color photovoltaic module is shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 9
Example 9 differs from example 1 in that the formulation of the black weatherable layer is different, and the formulation of the black weatherable layer in example 9 is: the mass ratio of acrylic resin, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, iron chromium black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane is 100:70:25:5:10:10:2, the performance of the color photovoltaic module is shown in table 1 and table 2.
Example 10
Example 10 differs from example 1 in that the formulation of the black weatherable layer is different, and the formulation of the black weatherable layer in example 10 is: the mass ratio of the perfluoroethyl ether, butyl acetate, ferrochrome black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane is 100:70:30:5:10:10:2, the performance of the color photovoltaic module is shown in table 1 and table 2.
Example 11
Example 11 differs from example 1 in that the formulation of the black weatherable layer is different, and the formulation of the black weatherable layer in example 11 is: the mass ratio of acrylic resin, butyl acetate, carbon black, white carbon black, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, isocyanate curing agent and polydimethylsiloxane is 80:60:20:5:10:10:1, the performance of the color photovoltaic module is shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 12
As shown in fig. 6, embodiment 12 is different from embodiment 1 in that the position of the black weather-resistant layer is different, and in this embodiment, the black weather-resistant layer is disposed between the back glass layer and the first lower flexible adhesive film layer.
The properties of the photovoltaic modules are shown in table 1.
Example 13
As shown in fig. 5, embodiment 13 is different from embodiment 1 in that the black weather-resistant layer is disposed between the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the reinforced adhesive film layer.
The properties of the photovoltaic modules are shown in table 1.
Example 14
As shown in fig. 4, embodiment 14 is different from embodiment 1 in that the black weather-resistant layer is disposed between the second lower flexible adhesive film layer and the battery sheet layer.
The properties of the photovoltaic modules are shown in table 1.
Example 15
Embodiment 15 differs from embodiment 1 in that the position of the black weather-resistant layer is different, and in this embodiment, the black weather-resistant layer is disposed on a surface of the back glass layer, which faces away from the first lower flexible adhesive film layer.
The properties of the photovoltaic modules are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that there is no reinforced film layer and the color photovoltaic module has the properties as shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 shows the formulation and reflectance of the black weatherable layer of each example and comparative example
TABLE 2 flexural deformation resistance and high impact resistance
The small knot: it can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the color photovoltaic module according to the present application uses the color ink to print glass to realize the color of the front glass, and the use of the pearl powder or the multi-layer oxide nano toner ensures that the glass realizes the color while maintaining high light transmittance, thereby ensuring high efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is guaranteed to meet the appearance requirement of the building field, and meanwhile, the power generation property of the photovoltaic module core is maintained to the highest degree. On the packaging material, the unique flexible adhesive film, the rigid adhesive film and the flexible adhesive film are used, and the use of the rigid material layer ensures the high strength of the photovoltaic module, particularly the post-damage strength, namely the module is damaged, and the falling can not occur due to insufficient adhesive film strength, particularly the falling of the flexible adhesive film under the high temperature condition. The safety core attribute of the photovoltaic module used on the building curtain wall is guaranteed. The black weather-proof layer of the rigid adhesive film layer is necessary composition of pearl powder and multi-layer oxide nano-toner for color development, and the common black weather-proof layer has lower reflectivity and stronger absorption in visible light and near infrared light bands. On the other hand, when the materials were changed by using the different formulations shown in Table 1, it was found that the reflectance of near infrared light of 750nm or more was improved to a different extent. Light reflected by the back material of the photovoltaic module can pass through the gap and be secondarily reflected to the surface of the cell by the glass interface so as to be absorbed by the cell, and power gain is generated. The infrared high-reflection coating structure can generate power gain, so that the efficiency of the photovoltaic module is further improved, and extra benefits are brought.
Although described above in connection with the embodiments of the present application, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments and fields of application described above, which are intended to be illustrative, instructive, and not limiting. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may make numerous forms, and equivalents thereof, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (27)
1. The black weather-resistant layer is characterized by comprising the following components:
80-100 parts of weather-resistant resin base material, 40-120 parts of solvent, 10-50 parts of black pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 1-20 parts of silane coupling agent, 3-30 parts of curing agent and 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
2. The black weatherable layer according to claim 1, wherein the weatherable resin substrate is selected from at least one of an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a fluorocarbon resin, an epoxy resin, vinylidene fluoride, a trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, a trifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, and an isocyanate, preferably an acrylic resin or a fluorocarbon resin;
The solvent is at least one selected from toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone, preferably butyl acetate;
the black pigment is at least one selected from iron-chromium black, copper-chromium black, iron-manganese black, aniline black and perylene black, and preferably is iron-chromium black;
the filler is at least one selected from glass powder, ceramic powder, white carbon black and alumina, and is preferably white carbon black;
the curing agent is at least one of isocyanate curing agent, imidazole curing agent, amine curing agent and dicyandiamide curing agent, and is preferably isocyanate curing agent;
the silane coupling agent is at least one selected from gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-glycidyl ether aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloxy-propyl trimethoxysilane, and is preferably gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane;
the auxiliary agent is selected from one of emulsified silicone oil, higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alcohol amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether or polydimethylsiloxane; preferably polydimethylsiloxane.
3. The black weatherable layer according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the black colorant is 5 to 50 μm; the particle size of the filler is 1-5 mu m.
4. The black weatherable layer according to claim 1, wherein the black weatherable layer is a film layer having a mesh shape.
5. The black weatherable layer of claim 1, wherein the black weatherable layer has a reflectivity of less than 10% for visible light and a reflectivity of greater than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or greater.
6. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module, its characterized in that includes backplate, first lower floor flexible glued membrane layer, reinforces glued membrane layer, second lower floor flexible glued membrane layer, battery piece layer and the front bezel of laminating the setting in proper order.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, wherein the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer are each selected from one of EVA film layer, POE film layer, PVB film layer, or SGP film layer;
the thickness of the first lower flexible adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm;
the thickness of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer is 0.1-2mm.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, wherein the reinforced adhesive film layer is one of a PET film layer, a PU film layer, a nylon layer, or a wire mesh layer;
The thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer is 0.1-1mm.
9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a black weather-resistant layer is provided at any one position of a side surface of the back plate facing away from the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the back plate and the first lower flexible adhesive film layer, between the first lower flexible adhesive film layer and the reinforced adhesive film layer, between the reinforced adhesive film layer and the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, and between the second lower flexible adhesive film layer and the battery piece.
10. The photovoltaic module of claim 9, wherein the backsheet is one of a glass backsheet, a metal backsheet, an organic backsheet, an inorganic backsheet, or a composite backsheet.
11. The photovoltaic module of claim 10, wherein the front sheet is an upper colored glass layer or an upper transparent layer.
12. The photovoltaic module of claim 11, comprising a back glass layer, a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film layer, a second lower flexible adhesive film layer, a battery sheet layer, and an upper colored glass layer, laminated in that order.
13. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the black weatherable layer is the black weatherable layer of any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5.
14. The color photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a back glass layer, a glue film layer, a battery piece layer and an upper color glass layer which are sequentially laminated;
a black weather-resistant layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the back glass layer, which is away from the adhesive film layer, between the back glass layer and the adhesive film layer, between the adhesive film layer and the battery piece, or in the adhesive film layer;
the black weather-resistant layer has a reflectance of less than 10% for visible light and a reflectance of more than 30% for infrared light having a wavelength of 750nm or more.
15. The assembly of claim 14 wherein the film layer is comprised of a film selected from the group consisting of a single film, a two-layer film, and a three-layer film.
16. The assembly of claim 15, wherein the adhesive film is a flexible adhesive film or a reinforced adhesive film or a laminate of a flexible adhesive film and a reinforced adhesive film;
the reinforced adhesive film layer is one of a PET film layer, a PU film layer, a nylon layer or a metal wire mesh layer;
the thickness of the reinforced adhesive film layer is 0.1-1mm.
17. The assembly of claim 14, wherein the film layer is a first lower flexible film layer, a reinforced film layer, and a second lower flexible film layer that are laminated in sequence.
18. The assembly of claim 14, wherein the film layer is a first lower flexible film layer, a reinforced film, a black weatherable layer, and a second lower flexible film layer that are laminated in sequence.
19. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 11-13 or 14-18, wherein the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper glue film layer, a colored glaze layer and a front glass layer that are sequentially disposed from bottom to top, and a side surface of the upper glue film layer facing away from the colored glaze layer is connected to the battery sheet layer.
20. The photovoltaic module or color photovoltaic module according to claim 19, wherein the upper film layer is a colorless transparent film layer having a thickness of 0.1-2mm.
21. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 11-13 or 14-18 wherein the upper colored glass layer comprises an upper glue film layer and a front glass layer disposed in sequence, and a side surface of the upper glue film layer facing away from the front glass layer is connected to the cell layer.
22. The photovoltaic module or color photovoltaic module according to claim 21, wherein the upper film layer is a color transparent film layer with a thickness of 0.1-2mm.
23. The photovoltaic module or color photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 19-22, wherein the front glass layer is transparent glass with a thickness of 1-16mm.
24. The photovoltaic module or color photovoltaic module of any of claims 19-22, wherein one side surface of the front glass layer is provided with an anti-reflection layer.
25. The color photovoltaic assembly of any of claims 14-24 wherein the black weatherable layer is the black weatherable layer of any of claims 1-5.
26. A method of fabricating a color photovoltaic device according to any one of claims 14-25 comprising the steps of:
a back side glass layer is provided and,
providing a three-layer composite film, wherein the three-layer composite film comprises a first lower flexible adhesive film layer, a reinforced adhesive film layer and a second lower flexible adhesive film layer which are sequentially laminated together;
laminating the first lower flexible adhesive film layer with the back glass;
a battery piece layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the second lower flexible adhesive film layer, which is away from the reinforced adhesive film layer;
And the upper material glass layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the battery piece layer, which is away from the second lower flexible adhesive film layer.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the three-layer composite film is formed by laminating the two surfaces of the reinforced film layer with the first lower flexible film layer and the second lower flexible film layer, respectively, after corona treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2023/075343 WO2023151634A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-02-10 | Black weather-resistant layer, photovoltaic module and color photovoltaic module |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2022101260180 | 2022-02-10 | ||
| CN202210126018.0A CN114823955A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Colored photovoltaic device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116082777A true CN116082777A (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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ID=82527430
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210126018.0A Pending CN114823955A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Colored photovoltaic device |
| CN202320119802.9U Active CN219476698U (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-01-19 | Photovoltaic module |
| CN202310076621.7A Pending CN116082777A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-01-19 | Black weather-resistant layer, photovoltaic module and color photovoltaic module |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210126018.0A Pending CN114823955A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Colored photovoltaic device |
| CN202320119802.9U Active CN219476698U (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-01-19 | Photovoltaic module |
Country Status (2)
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| CN (3) | CN114823955A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023151634A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116565046A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-08-08 | 武汉美格科技股份有限公司 | Double-sided flexible photovoltaic module |
Families Citing this family (4)
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| CN114823955A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-07-29 | 隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Colored photovoltaic device |
| CN114989661A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-02 | 隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Printing ink and colored photovoltaic module |
| CN115732590B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-08-11 | 新源劲吾(北京)科技有限公司 | Light-transmitting photovoltaic module with unidirectional perspective film and application thereof |
| CN116936663B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-01 | 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic double-sided assembly packaging film, manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof |
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- 2022-02-10 CN CN202210126018.0A patent/CN114823955A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN219476698U (en) | 2023-08-04 |
| CN114823955A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
| WO2023151634A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
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