CN116081892A - Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system - Google Patents

Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116081892A
CN116081892A CN202310159172.2A CN202310159172A CN116081892A CN 116081892 A CN116081892 A CN 116081892A CN 202310159172 A CN202310159172 A CN 202310159172A CN 116081892 A CN116081892 A CN 116081892A
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China
Prior art keywords
unit
rainwater
filtering
tank
collecting
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Pending
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CN202310159172.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘新平
张铜会
何玉惠
徐远志
胡鸿姣
王明明
李玉强
李玉霖
罗永清
王立龙
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Priority to CN202310159172.2A priority Critical patent/CN116081892A/en
Publication of CN116081892A publication Critical patent/CN116081892A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources. The rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system comprises a collection unit, a first filtering unit, a precipitation unit, a buffer aeration unit, a storage unit, a second filtering unit, a water and fertilizer integrated unit and an irrigation unit which are sequentially communicated. The comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources improves the utilization rate of natural water reduction, and solves the problems that agricultural production water is lacked in agriculture and animal husbandry, yield reduction and harvest of agriculture and animal husbandry are carried out, economic benefits of farmlands are low, accurate and poor and rural vibration means are single.

Description

Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources, and belongs to the technical field of rainwater collection and utilization.
Background
In arid and semiarid agriculture and animal husbandry staggered areas in China, the problems of uneven spatial distribution of water, low water resource utilization, unobvious benefit and the like are widely existed. In order to realize efficient utilization of water resources and sustainable development of areas, efficient collection and utilization of rainwater is a feasible method. The rainwater is collected by utilizing the peripheral hardened ground and stored in the pit, and the water-saving irrigation technology is matched to meet and supplement the irrigation requirements of fruits, vegetables and matched farmland crops in the greenhouse, so that an ecological, controllable, efficient and income-increasing agricultural development mode is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources, which can be used for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater in an agriculture and animal husbandry area, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources, which comprises the following components:
a collecting unit for collecting at least rainwater;
the first filtering unit is connected with the collecting unit and is at least used for filtering out floating matters in the rainwater;
a precipitation unit connected with the filtering unit and at least used for removing solid particles in the rainwater;
the buffer aeration unit is connected with the precipitation unit and is at least used for carrying out aeration and oxygen dissolution treatment on rainwater;
the storage unit is connected with the buffer aeration unit and is at least used for storing rainwater;
the second filtering unit is connected with the collecting and accumulating unit and is at least used for carrying out secondary filtering treatment on rainwater;
the water and fertilizer integrated unit is connected with the second filtering unit and is at least used for mixing rainwater with fertilizer;
and the irrigation unit is connected with the water and fertilizer integrated unit and is at least used for irrigating the target site by rainwater mixed with fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) The comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing the rainwater resources improves the utilization rate of natural water reduction, reduces the waste of water resources, and solves the problems that agricultural production water is lacked in agriculture and animal husbandry, yield is reduced in agriculture and animal husbandry, economic benefit of farmlands is low, and accurate means for removing the defects are single;
2) The comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources provided by the invention can well assist the integrated development of accurate poverty relief and planting and raising, promote the sustainable development of regional industry, provide diversified measures and approaches for rural vibration, and realize the high-quality co-development of ecological and economic benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has long studied and practiced in a large number of ways to propose the technical scheme of the present invention. The technical scheme, the implementation process, the principle and the like are further explained as follows.
The invention provides a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources, which comprises the following components:
a collecting unit for collecting at least rainwater;
the first filtering unit is connected with the collecting unit and is at least used for filtering out floating matters in the rainwater;
a precipitation unit connected with the filtering unit and at least used for removing solid particles in the rainwater;
the buffer aeration unit is connected with the precipitation unit and is at least used for carrying out aeration and oxygen dissolution treatment on rainwater;
the storage unit is connected with the buffer aeration unit and is at least used for storing rainwater;
the second filtering unit is connected with the collecting and accumulating unit and is at least used for carrying out secondary filtering treatment on rainwater;
the water and fertilizer integrated unit is connected with the second filtering unit and is at least used for mixing rainwater with fertilizer;
and the irrigation unit is connected with the water and fertilizer integrated unit and is at least used for irrigating the target site by rainwater mixed with fertilizer.
Further, the collecting unit comprises a rain collecting grating groove which is arranged on the ground surface and is at least used for collecting surface runoffs formed on the ground surface and the building surface by rainwater.
Further, the first filtering unit comprises at least one filtering tank, a filtering wall is arranged at the communicating position of the filtering tank and the precipitation unit, a plurality of blocking structures which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the top of the filtering wall, and a first gap which can be used for rainwater overflowing from the top of the filtering wall to pass through but can block floaters to pass through is formed between the blocking structures.
Further, the width of the blocking structure gradually decreases away from the first direction, and the width of the first gap gradually increases away from the filter wall.
Further, the axial cross-section shape of the first gap is V-shaped.
Further, the radial cross-sectional area of the bottom of the filter tank is gradually reduced along the depth direction.
Further, the axial section of the bottom of the filter tank is of a V-shaped structure.
Further, the ratio of the depth to the width of the filter tank is 1.2-1.8.
Further, a second gap through which rainwater overflowed from the top of the filtering wall can pass but through which floaters can be blocked is also arranged between the blocking structure and the filtering wall.
Further, the width of the second gap gradually decreases in a direction away from the filter wall.
Furthermore, the blocking structure is a hollow structure, and the second gap is formed by enclosing the blocking structure and the top of the filtering wall.
Further, the blocking structure is an inverted V-shaped structure.
Further, the sedimentation unit comprises at least one sedimentation tank, and the radial cross-sectional area of the tank bottom of the sedimentation tank is gradually reduced along the depth direction.
Further, the axial cross section of the bottom of the sedimentation tank is V-shaped.
Further, the ratio of the depth to the width of the sedimentation tank is 1.0-1.2.
Further, a sediment cleaning assembly is arranged in the sedimentation tank and/or the filter tank, and the sediment cleaning assembly is at least used for discharging deposited particles at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and/or the filter tank in a suction mode.
Further, the sediment cleaning assembly comprises a self-priming pump and a porous pipe, wherein the porous pipe is connected with the self-priming pump, one part of the porous pipe is arranged at the bottom of the filtering tank or the sedimentation tank, and the other part of the porous pipe is arranged outside the filtering tank or the sedimentation tank in an extending way.
Further, the buffer aeration unit comprises at least one buffer aeration tank, and a plurality of bulges are arranged at the bottom of the buffer aeration tank.
Further, the ratio of the spacing between adjacent protrusions to the depth of the buffer aeration tank is 1:3.
Further, the radial cross-sectional area of the protrusion gradually decreases in a direction away from the bottom of the pool.
Further, the protrusion is a conical protrusion.
Further, the collection and storage unit comprises at least one collection and storage tank, an openable and closable collecting and discarding gate is further arranged at the communication position between the first filtering unit and the collection unit, a water level sensor is arranged in the collection and storage tank, and the water level sensor is connected with a controller of the collecting and discarding gate.
Further, the collection and storage unit comprises a plurality of collection and storage tanks, at least two communication ports are arranged between two adjacent collection and storage tanks, and the horizontal heights of the at least two communication ports are different.
Further, the second filtering unit comprises at least one rainwater filtering system, and the rainwater filtering system is connected with the storage unit through a pump.
Further, the water and fertilizer integrated unit comprises a buffer container, and the buffer container is connected with the second filtering unit.
Further, the irrigation unit comprises a spray mechanism and/or a sprinkler mechanism.
The technical solution, implementation process and principle thereof will be further explained with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and unless otherwise indicated, water level sensors, rainwater filtration systems, self priming pumps, controllers, spraying mechanisms, sprinkler mechanisms, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention are all known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a comprehensive system for collecting and efficiently utilizing rainwater resources comprises a collecting unit, a first filtering unit, a precipitating unit, a buffer aeration unit, a storage unit, a second filtering unit, a water and fertilizer integrated unit and an irrigation unit which are sequentially communicated.
In this embodiment, the collecting unit is at least used for collecting rainwater; specifically, the collecting unit comprises a plurality of rain collecting surfaces 1 and rain collecting grid grooves 2, wherein the rain collecting surfaces 1 are connected with the rain collecting grid grooves 2, the rain collecting surfaces 1 are used for collecting rainwater and forming surface runoffs, and the rain collecting grid grooves 2 are used for collecting the surface runoffs.
In this embodiment, the rain collecting surface 1 may include the roof of a building, a playground and the surface of a road, the ground gradient is precisely calculated by selecting the rain collecting surface, the rain collecting area, the flow generating area and the flow discarding area are found, the position and the size specification of the rain collecting grating groove are planned by etching a contour line, the flow discarding area constructs a flow discarding channel according to the topography of the terrain, the formation of a large-area rain collecting area is avoided to generate road erosion, the house farmland inundation and the like, and the rain collecting road surface may be provided with a plastic buffer belt to reduce the rain collecting flow rate.
In this embodiment, the first filtering unit is at least used for filtering out the floating matters in the rainwater, and the floating matters include plastic, paper sheets, foam and other garbage, and the excessive floating matters can be salvaged by using a screen.
In this embodiment, the first filtering unit includes at least one filtering tank 4, where the filtering tank 4 is communicated with the rain collecting grid groove 2, a filtering wall is disposed at a connection position between the filtering tank 4 and the precipitation unit (i.e., an outlet section of the filtering tank), a plurality of blocking structures 5 are sequentially disposed at a top of the filtering wall, a first gap through which rainwater overflowed from a top of the filtering wall can pass but through which floats can be blocked is formed between the plurality of blocking structures 5, and the first gap can also be understood as a first flow channel, where in a first direction, a width of the blocking structure 5 gradually decreases from bottom to top, a width of the first gap gradually increases from bottom to top, and in a second direction, a length of the first gap is greater than or equal to a height of the blocking structure 5 in the first direction, preferably, the length of the first gap is 1-1.5 times a height of the blocking structure, and the blocking structure can better block the floats on a water surface of the filtering tank, but does not affect the output of the rainwater, and the first gap is perpendicular to the first direction and the height of the filtering wall.
In this embodiment, the blocking structure 5 is an inverted V-shaped structure away from the blocking structure 5, and correspondingly, the axial cross section of the first gap is an V-shaped structure.
In this embodiment, a second gap through which rainwater overflowed from the top of the filtering wall can pass but through which floats can be blocked is further provided between the blocking structure 5 and the filtering wall, and the second gap can also be understood as a second flow channel, that is, the blocking structure is a hollow structure, and the second gap is formed by enclosing the blocking structure and the top of the filtering wall, or, the second gap is a duct provided on the blocking structure, and more specifically, in the first direction, the bottommost ends of the second gap and the first gap are located on the same horizontal plane.
It will be appreciated that in a first direction, the width of the first gap increases progressively from bottom to top in the first direction, which results in a greater water flow rate in the bottom region of the first gap and a relatively lesser water flow rate in the top region, while the length of the first gap is at least as great as the height of the blocking structure, which results in the water flow across the top of the filter wall carrying the floats to the lower width bottom region first, driven by the water flow, and thus being more easily retained.
In this embodiment, in the first direction, the width of the second gap is gradually reduced from bottom to top, in order to reduce the blockage problem caused by the floating objects to the second gap, a turbulence protrusion is further disposed at the bottom of the second gap, and the turbulence protrusion is not in contact with the top and the side wall of the second gap, and forms a gap that can flow out of the water flow.
In this embodiment, the width of the turbulence protrusion gradually increases from bottom to top along the first direction, so that a plurality of water flow accelerating structures are formed by enclosing between the turbulence protrusion and the side wall of the second gap, specifically, the turbulence protrusion is a triangular prism structure, in the first direction, the height of the turbulence protrusion is half of the height of the first gap, so that the speed of water flowing through the second gap is further increased, and meanwhile, because the second gap is located in the bottom area of the blocking structure, the second gap is not easy to be blocked by floaters.
In this embodiment, the radial cross-sectional area of the bottom of the filtering tank 4 gradually decreases along the depth direction, specifically, the axial cross-section of the bottom of the filtering tank is in a V-shaped structure, and the maximum depth of the V-shaped bottom of the filtering tank 4 is 30cm, so that the sediment such as silt in the filtering tank 4 can be better deposited.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth to the width of the filter tank 4 is 1.2-1.8, and the exemplary depth of the filter tank 4 is 1.2-1.8m and the width is 1m.
In this embodiment, the sedimentation unit is connected to the filtering unit and is at least used for removing solid particles in rainwater, and specifically, the sedimentation unit includes at least one sedimentation tank 6, and the sedimentation tank 6 is communicated with the filtering tank 4.
In this embodiment, the radial cross-sectional area of the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6 gradually decreases along the depth direction, and specifically, the axial cross-sectional shape of the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6 is V-shaped.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth to the width of the sedimentation tank is 1.0-1.2, and the depth of the sedimentation tank 6 is 1.5-1.8 m and the width is 1.5m. The ratio of the depth to the width of the sedimentation tank is 1.0-1.2, and the Stokes law is satisfied, which is the depth-to-width ratio design of the sedimentation tank of the best suspended particles such as sediment in water obtained through experimental verification; specifically, particles such as suspended soil, microplastic and the like in water are fully dispersed and then settled in a sedimentation tank for a certain time, and only particles smaller than a certain particle size are uniformly distributed at a certain depth, wherein the settlement speed mu of the suspended particles in rainwater 0 (m/s) is:
μ 0 ＝d 2 (ρ s -ρ)g/18μ
wherein: d, d 2 Is particle diameter ρ s The particle density, ρ is the rainwater density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and μ is the rainwater dynamic viscosity.
In this embodiment, the sedimentation tank 6 and the filter tank 4 are further provided with a sediment cleaning assembly, and the sediment cleaning assembly is at least used for discharging deposited particles at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and the bottom of the filter tank in a suction manner, and specifically, the sediment cleaning assembly includes a self-priming pump and a porous pipe, the porous pipe is connected with the self-priming pump, a part of the porous pipe is disposed at the bottom of the filter tank or the sedimentation tank, and another part of the porous pipe is disposed outside the filter tank or the sedimentation tank in an extending manner; illustratively, the diameter of the porous tube is 10cm, and the diameter of the cleaning holes on the porous tube is 3cm.
In this embodiment, the buffer aeration unit is connected with the precipitation unit and is at least used for aeration and oxygen dissolution treatment of rainwater, and specifically, the buffer aeration unit is mainly used for enabling more dissolved oxygen to be dissolved in the rainwater, thereby being beneficial to the growth of facility agriculture greenhouse and matched farmland organic fruit and vegetable crops.
In this embodiment, the buffer aeration unit includes at least one buffer aeration tank 8, and the buffer aeration tank 8 is in communication with the sedimentation tank 6.
Specifically, a retaining wall 7 is further arranged between the sedimentation tank 6 and the buffer aeration tank 8, and specifically, the height 1m of the retaining wall 7 is used for allowing a small amount of soil sticky particle purified water to flow into the buffer aeration tank 8 when the sedimentation tank 6 is suspended at the upper layer, and retaining soil particles and sand particle rainwater when the sedimentation tank is suspended at the lower layer and further precipitating and purifying the soil particles and the sand particle rainwater.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the buffer aeration tank 8 is provided with a plurality of protrusions for better aeration and oxygen dissolution before the rainwater flows into the fine filtration water inlet window; specifically, the ratio of the spacing between adjacent projections to the depth of the buffer aeration tank is 1:3, and the buffer aeration tank 8 is 30cm in depth, and the spacing between adjacent projections is 10cm, for example.
In this embodiment, the radial cross-sectional area of the protrusion decreases gradually in a direction away from the bottom of the tank, and in particular, the protrusion is a conical protrusion, and illustratively, the protrusion is a conical protrusion.
In this embodiment, the storage unit is connected to the buffer aeration unit and is at least used for storing rainwater.
In this embodiment, the collecting and accumulating unit includes a plurality of sequentially communicated collecting and accumulating tanks 10, wherein one collecting and accumulating tank 10 is communicated with the buffer aeration tank 8 through a fine filtering water inlet window 9, the fine filtering water inlet window 9 can filter the rainwater flowing into the collecting and accumulating tank 10 from the buffer aeration tank 8, and the fine filtering water inlet window 9 can be a filter screen or the like.
In the present embodiment, at least two communication ports 11 are provided between two adjacent plural reservoirs 10, the at least two communication ports 11 being different in horizontal height; illustratively, the reservoir 10 has a depth of 3m, a width of 2.5 meters and a length of 8m. The plurality of collection and storage tanks 10 are arranged in the agricultural greenhouse with the length of 50m, 6 collection and storage tanks can be contained in each greenhouse, 2 communication ports 11 with different heights are formed in partition walls of the adjacent 2 collection and storage tanks, one communication port 11 is 80cm away from the bottom of the tank, and the other communication port is 1.5m away from the bottom of the tank.
In this embodiment, the communication part between the rain collecting grid groove 2 and the filtering tank 4 is further provided with an openable and closable collecting and discarding gate 3, and a water level sensor is arranged in the water collecting and accumulating tank 10 and is connected with a controller of the collecting and discarding gate 3;
specifically, receive and abandon floodgate accessible collection pond water level height control and open and shut, level sensor and receive and abandon floodgate lift switching device and be connected, when collection pond water level reaches critical full water storage (water depth 2.8 m), level sensor sends and closes and receive and abandon floodgate signal, receive and abandon floodgate starter electronic valve work and close and receive and abandon floodgate, unnecessary rainwater will be through abandoning the passageway and scatter water, when collection pond water level depth is less than 2.3m, the order is opened and is received and abandon floodgate, wait for the rainwater to collect to unmanned on duty's automatic operation has been realized.
Illustratively, when the rainwater depth in the collecting and storing tank reaches 2.5m, automatically starting the submersible pump and operating the sprinkling irrigation system to consume the rainwater in the collecting and storing tank, and when the rainwater depth in the collecting and storing tank is lower than 1.5m, automatically closing the sprinkling irrigation system; the irrigation system can be manually started when the matched farmland crops need to be irrigated; the design can ensure that enough water is stored in the collecting and accumulating tank, so that irrigation water for organic fruit and vegetable crops in facility agriculture is fully ensured (water accumulation with the water depth of 1.5m can ensure 10 times of irrigation demands for crops in a greenhouse, and 36.0mm of irrigation is performed each time), and the functions of yield and income are exerted to the greatest extent.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent rainwater in the collecting and storing tank from deteriorating, copper sulfate pentahydrate can be added into the collecting and storing tank in an amount of 0.4-0.6g/m by test screening 11 months/year-4 months/year 3 The chlorine dioxide effervescent disinfection tablet is used for effectively disinfecting, removing or inhibiting moss, removing algae in water, and adding drinking water for 5-10 months, wherein the adding amount is 3-5g/m 3 So as to effectively sterilize, remove algae and remove slime and prevent the accumulated rainwater from deteriorating.
In this embodiment, the second filtering unit is connected to the storage unit and is at least used for performing secondary filtering treatment on rainwater; in particular, the second filtering unit includes at least one rainwater filtering system 12, and the rainwater filtering system 12 is connected to the collecting and storing tank 10 through a pump, wherein the rainwater filtering system 12 is commercially available, and the specific structure and model thereof are not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the water and fertilizer integrated unit is connected to the second filtering unit and is at least used for mixing rainwater with fertilizer; in particular, the integrated water and fertilizer unit may be an integrated water and fertilizer system 13, which is commercially available, the integrated water and fertilizer system 13 comprising a buffer container, the buffer container being connected to the rainwater filtration system 12.
In this embodiment, the irrigation unit is connected to the water and fertilizer integrated unit and is at least used for irrigating a target site with rainwater mixed with fertilizer.
Specifically, the irrigation unit includes a spraying mechanism 14, a sprinkling irrigation mechanism 18, and a corresponding matched irrigation pipeline system, where the spraying mechanism 14 may be disposed in a greenhouse 15, and the sprinkling irrigation mechanism 18 may be disposed in a matched farmland 16.
Specifically, the rainfall is collected on the rain collecting surface 1 and then enters the rain collecting grid groove 2, excessive rainwater is removed through the collecting and discarding gate 3 and then enters the filtering tank 4, then the rainwater passes through the filtering of the filtering wall top of the filtering tank, the precipitation of the sedimentation tank 6, the blocking wall 7 and the buffer aeration tank 8, and finally flows into the collection and storage tank 10 in the greenhouse through the fine filtration water inlet window 9, and the four collection and storage tanks are connected through the high and low communication ports 11, so that the stored water can flow in the collection and storage tanks 10, and after passing through the rainwater filtering system 12, the water and fertilizer integrated system 13 is used for adding fertilizer, and finally, the fruit and vegetable cultivation land parcels in the greenhouse and farmland matched with the greenhouse are irrigated through the spraying mechanism 14, the spraying mechanism 18 and the like.
Test cases: rain collecting-water saving irrigation greenhouse demonstration base
2 rain collecting-water saving irrigation greenhouses are built in the inner Mongolian coulomb flag Bai Yinhua town, and the occupied area is 1000m 2 And (5) matching with water-saving irrigation farmlands of 60 mu. Mainly uses school playground and hardening ground (about 8000m in area) 2 ) For the rainfall resource collecting surface, the collected rainwater is stored in a collecting and storing tank in a rainwater collecting-water-saving irrigation greenhouse after primary filtration, and the full water storage capacity can reach 700m 3 . Under the condition of full storage, the irrigation of the land in the greenhouse can be satisfied for 20 times, each time is 35mm, and the irrigation of the matched farmland is 17.5mm. The water-saving technologies such as ground micro irrigation, under-film drip irrigation, top surface sprinkling irrigation and the like are adopted to irrigate land parcels and matched farmlands in the greenhouse, and economic crops such as high-value fruits and vegetables are planted, so that win-win of ecological and economic benefits is realized.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and implement the same according to the present invention without limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A comprehensive system for rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization, comprising:
a collecting unit for collecting at least rainwater;
the first filtering unit is connected with the collecting unit and is at least used for filtering out floating matters in the rainwater;
a precipitation unit connected with the filtering unit and at least used for removing solid particles in the rainwater;
the buffer aeration unit is connected with the precipitation unit and is at least used for carrying out aeration and oxygen dissolution treatment on rainwater;
the storage unit is connected with the buffer aeration unit and is at least used for storing rainwater;
the second filtering unit is connected with the collecting and accumulating unit and is at least used for carrying out secondary filtering treatment on rainwater;
the water and fertilizer integrated unit is connected with the second filtering unit and is at least used for mixing rainwater with fertilizer;
and the irrigation unit is connected with the water and fertilizer integrated unit and is at least used for irrigating the target site by rainwater mixed with fertilizer.
2. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the collecting unit comprises a rain collecting grating groove which is arranged on the ground surface and is at least used for collecting surface runoffs formed by rainwater on the ground surface and the surface of a building.
3. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the first filtering unit comprises at least one filtering tank, a filtering wall is arranged at the communication part of the filtering tank and the sedimentation unit, a plurality of blocking structures which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the top of the filtering wall, and a first gap which can be used for passing rainwater overflowed from the top of the filtering wall but can block floaters from passing is formed between the blocking structures;
preferably, the width of the blocking structure gradually decreases away from the first direction, and the width of the first gap gradually increases away from the filter wall;
preferably, the axial cross-section shape of the first gap is V-shaped;
and/or the radial cross-sectional area of the bottom of the filter tank is gradually reduced along the depth direction;
preferably, the axial section of the bottom of the filter tank is of a V-shaped structure;
preferably, the ratio of the depth to the width of the filter tank is 1.2-1.8.
4. A comprehensive rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 3, wherein: a second gap which can be used for passing rainwater overflowed from the top of the filtering wall and can block floaters from passing is also arranged between the blocking structure and the filtering wall;
preferably, the width of the second gap gradually decreases in a direction away from the filter wall;
preferably, the blocking structure is a hollow structure, and the second gap is formed by enclosing the blocking structure and the top of the filtering wall;
preferably, the blocking structure is an inverted V-shaped structure.
5. A comprehensive rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 3, wherein: the sedimentation unit comprises at least one sedimentation tank, and the radial cross-sectional area of the bottom of the sedimentation tank is gradually reduced along the depth direction;
preferably, the axial section shape of the bottom of the sedimentation tank is V-shaped;
preferably, the ratio of the depth to the width of the sedimentation tank is 1.0-1.2.
6. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 5, wherein: a sediment cleaning assembly is arranged in the sedimentation tank and/or the filter tank, and is at least used for discharging deposited particles at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and/or the filter tank in a suction mode;
preferably, the sediment cleaning assembly comprises a self-priming pump and a porous pipe, wherein the porous pipe is connected with the self-priming pump, one part of the porous pipe is arranged at the bottom of the filtering tank or the sedimentation tank, and the other part of the porous pipe is arranged outside the filtering tank or the sedimentation tank in an extending way.
7. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer aeration unit comprises at least one buffer aeration tank, and a plurality of bulges are arranged at the bottom of the buffer aeration tank;
preferably, the ratio of the interval between adjacent protrusions to the depth of the buffer aeration tank is 1:3, a step of;
preferably, the radial cross-sectional area of the protrusion decreases gradually in a direction away from the bottom of the pool;
preferably, the protrusions are conical protrusions.
8. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the collecting and storing unit comprises at least one collecting and storing tank, an openable and closable collecting and discarding gate is further arranged at the communication position between the first filtering unit and the collecting unit, a water level sensor is arranged in the collecting and storing tank, and the water level sensor is connected with a controller of the collecting and discarding gate;
and/or the collection and storage unit comprises a plurality of collection and storage tanks, at least two communication ports are arranged between two adjacent collection and storage tanks, and the horizontal heights of the at least two communication ports are different.
9. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the second filtering unit comprises at least one rainwater filtering system, and the rainwater filtering system is connected with the storage unit through a pump;
and/or the water and fertilizer integrated unit comprises a buffer container, and the buffer container is connected with the second filtering unit.
10. The integrated rainwater resource collection and efficient use system according to claim 1, wherein: the irrigation unit comprises a spraying mechanism and/or a sprinkling mechanism.
CN202310159172.2A 2023-02-23 2023-02-23 Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system Pending CN116081892A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310159172.2A CN116081892A (en) 2023-02-23 2023-02-23 Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310159172.2A CN116081892A (en) 2023-02-23 2023-02-23 Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116081892A true CN116081892A (en) 2023-05-09

Family

ID=86208370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310159172.2A Pending CN116081892A (en) 2023-02-23 2023-02-23 Rainwater resource collection and efficient utilization integrated system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116081892A (en)

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