CN116068821A

CN116068821A - Electrochromic device and electrochromic device comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN116068821A
Application number: CN202111292784.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧阳天虹; 胡国阳
Original assignee: Guangyi Intelligent Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangyi Intelligent Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-03
Filing date: 2021-11-03
Publication date: 2023-05-05

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrochromic device and an electrochromic apparatus including the same, the electrochromic device including: a first substrate; a first conductive layer; a first bus bar disposed on the first conductive layer; the first insulating protection layer is arranged on the first bus bar, and the first bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the first insulating protection layer and the first conductive layer; a color-changing layer; a second conductive layer; a second bus bar disposed on the second conductive layer; the second insulating protection layer is arranged on the second bus bar, and the second bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the second insulating protection layer and the second conductive layer; a second substrate. According to the invention, the insulating protection layer is arranged on the bus bar, so that the short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conducting layer on the other side is effectively avoided, the problem of damage and failure of the device caused by long-term overlarge current bearing of the conducting layer is effectively avoided, the stability and reliability of the device are improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Description

Electrochromic device and electrochromic device comprising same

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of color-changing display, and particularly relates to an electrochromic device and an electrochromic device comprising the same.

Background

In recent years, electrochromic devices are widely used in the fields of energy saving windows, automobile rearview mirrors, display devices, mobile terminals, and the like. The principle of electrochromic devices is electrochromic phenomenon of materials, specifically, the phenomenon that under the action of an external electric field and current, the materials undergo reversible oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the structure of the materials is changed, and further, the absorption spectrum or optical properties (such as transmissivity, absorptivity and reflectivity) of the materials are changed, and the reversible change of color or transparency is shown on the appearance.

A common electrochromic device includes two conductive substrates, and a layer of color-changing active material disposed between the two conductive substrates; the color-changing active material layer includes an electrochromic material layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and the like. And the conducting layer of the conducting substrate is connected with a lead-out structure, so that the electric connection between an external power supply and the electrochromic device is realized.

Many researchers have been working on the development of new electrochromic devices and color changing devices, for example CN112513726a discloses a device comprising an electrochromic device including a first bus bar electrically coupled to a first transparent conductive layer; a second bus bar electrically coupled to the second transparent conductive layer, the second bus bar being generally non-parallel to the first bus bar; and a third bus bar electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer and generally parallel to the first bus bar. CN113227892a discloses a device comprising a substrate having at least three sides and an active stack on the substrate, the active stack comprising a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer, an anode electrochemical layer and a cathode electrochemical layer; further included is a first bus bar set including a plurality of bus bars, each bus bar electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer; a second bus bar set comprising a plurality of bus bars and each bus bar electrically coupled to the second transparent conductive layer; and a busbar arrangement comprising busbars from the first busbar group and busbars from the second busbar group on at least three sides of the substrate. CN213365229U discloses an electrochromic device, which comprises a first conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second conductive layer and an extraction electrode, wherein the first conductive layer, the electrochromic layer and the second conductive layer are laminated; the first conductive layer comprises a first overlapping region and a first staggered region, the second conductive layer comprises a second overlapping region and a second staggered region, at least part of the first staggered region and the second staggered region are positioned on the same side of the electrochromic layer, the first conductive layer is provided with a first bus bar, the second conductive layer is provided with a second bus bar, and the extraction electrode is respectively communicated with the first bus bar and the second bus bar.

With the progress of display technology, people have also expected higher performance of the color-changing display device, but at present, the stability and the service life of the electrochromic device still have difficulty in reaching higher level, especially in the position of the bus bar arranged in the device, the phenomenon of damage easily occurs during long-term use, and the device is further disabled. Thus, developing electrochromic devices with higher stability, better reliability, and longer lifetime is a problem to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electrochromic device and an electrochromic device comprising the same, and the design of a first insulating protection layer and a second insulating protection layer enables the electrochromic device to have excellent color-changing display performance, higher stability and use reliability and prolonged service life of the device.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrochromic device comprising: a first substrate; a first conductive layer disposed on the first substrate; a first bus bar disposed on the first conductive layer; a first insulating protection layer, which is arranged on the first bus bar, wherein the first bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the first insulating protection layer and the first conductive layer; the color-changing layer is arranged on the first conductive layer and is far away from the first substrate; the second conductive layer is arranged on the color-changing layer and is far away from the first conductive layer; a second bus bar disposed on the second conductive layer; the second insulating protection layer is arranged on the second bus bar, and the second bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the second insulating protection layer and the second conductive layer; the second substrate is arranged on the second conductive layer and is far away from the color-changing layer.

In electrochromic devices, particularly in which bus bars are arranged, damage failure is easily caused in long-term use. According to the invention, in the electrochromic device, when the conductive area S1 containing the bus bar is the same as the conductive area of the conductive area S2 containing no bus bar, the surface resistance of the conductive area S1 becomes smaller (the resistance of the bus bar is far lower than that of the conductive layer) due to the existence of the bus bar in the conductive area S1 and the conductive area S2 containing no bus bar, under the condition of certain voltage, the current passing through the conductive area S1 is increased, namely the current born by the conductive layer corresponding to the area S1 is larger, and in the long-term use process, the conductive layer in the area is easily damaged and is invalid due to overlarge current, namely the conductive layer (color-changing layer) in the peripheral area of the bus bar is damaged due to overlarge current for a long time, so that the reliability of the whole device is affected.

According to the research result, in the electrochromic device provided by the invention, the first bus bar is provided with the first insulating protection layer, and the second bus bar is provided with the second insulating protection layer, so that the short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer at the other side is effectively avoided. Further, the first bus bar is located in a packaging structure formed by the first insulating protection layer and the first conductive layer, and the second bus bar is located in a packaging structure formed by the second insulating protection layer and the second conductive layer, namely, on the basis of covering the bus bar, the insulating protection layer has a part extending outwards to the outer edge of the conductive layer, and a part extending inwards to the inner side of the covering bus bar and connected with the conductive layer on the side, so that the failure area of the periphery of the bus bar due to overhigh current is covered. On the other hand, the arrangement of the insulating protection layer is equivalent to arranging a resistor with a larger resistance between the conductive layer and the bus bar so as to adjust the surface resistance of the whole conductive area, so that the partial pressure on the bus bar and the insulating protection layer is increased, and the partial pressure on the corresponding conductive layer is decreased, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the device is damaged and invalid due to overlarge current of the conductive layer for a long time, improving the stability and reliability of the device, and further prolonging the service life of the device.

Preferably, at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate is a transparent material; more preferably, the materials of the first substrate and the second substrate are optical transparent materials, and exemplary materials include but are not limited to: glass, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate ), cyclic olefin copolymer, cellulose triacetate, or the like. Therefore, the transparent substrate can display the optical property change of the electrochromic device, and a proper substrate material can be selected according to the requirements of application scenes so as to improve the applicability of the electrochromic device.

Preferably, the materials of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are transparent conductive materials for exhibiting a change in optical properties of the electrochromic device, and the materials are conductive materials known in the art, including but not limited to any one or a combination of at least two of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), aluminum Zinc Oxide (AZO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), nano silver wires, graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal grids, or silver nanoparticles.

Preferably, the materials of the first bus bar and the second bus bar are respectively and independently metal materials with higher conductivity, such as any one or a combination of at least two of conductive silver paste, conductive copper paste, conductive carbon paste, nano-silver conductive ink, copper foil, copper wire or conductive adhesive film; further preferred is a conductive silver paste.

Preferably, the first bus bar is disposed between the first substrate and the first conductive layer, or between the first conductive layer and the color change layer; further preferably between the first conductive layer and the color-changing layer. Preferably, the second bus bar is disposed between the second substrate and the second conductive layer, or between the second conductive layer and the color change layer; further preferably between the second conductive layer and the color-changing layer. Therefore, the bus bar can be arranged at a proper position according to the requirements of actual conditions, so that the bus bar is electrically connected with an external power supply or an extraction electrode more conveniently and effectively, and the bus bar is electrically conducted to the conductive layer to form an effective electric field in the electrochromic device, so that the discoloration or coloring (discoloration) effect of the electrochromic layer is achieved, and the applicability of the electrochromic device is improved.

Preferably, the projection of the first bus bar onto the first conductive layer does not coincide with the projection of the second bus bar onto the first conductive layer. Here, misalignment means at least incomplete overlapping. Therefore, the superposition area of the projection of the first bus bar and the projection of the second bus bar can be reduced more effectively, so that the risk of short circuit failure caused by contact between the first bus bar and the second bus bar is reduced, and the use reliability and stability of the electrochromic device are improved.

Preferably, the first bus bar is arranged on the first conductive layer and is positioned at the periphery of the first conductive layer so as to form a first sealing area on the first conductive layer; the bus bars are arranged on the periphery of the first conductive layer in the arrangement mode, so that the conductive rate is effectively improved, and the color changing rate and the color changing uniformity of the electrochromic device are improved.

Further, the first bus bar is arranged around the first conductive layer without interruption, so that a first sealing area is formed. Therefore, on the basis of guaranteeing excellent color changing effect, the first bus bar can be led out only by one leading-out electrode, the setting difficulty of the leading-out electrode is reduced, and the reliability of the device is improved.

Preferably, the second bus bar is arranged on the second conductive layer and is positioned around the second conductive layer so as to form a second sealing area on the second conductive layer; therefore, the conductivity rate of the device can be effectively improved, and the color changing rate and the color changing uniformity of the electrochromic device are improved. Further, the second bus bar is continuously arranged around the second conductive layer to form a second sealing area, and on the premise of excellent color changing effect, the second bus bar can be led out only by one leading-out electrode, so that the number of the leading-out electrodes is reduced, and the reliability of the device is improved.

Preferably, the area of the first enclosed region is equal to the area of the second enclosed region. The bus bar layout mode can enable the material areas of the first conductive bus bar and the second bus bar to be consistent, prevent material waste and the like, and in the preparation process, parameters such as bus bar material consumption and the like are not required to be set respectively, so that the preparation process is simplified.

Preferably, the first bus bar and the second bus bar have the same width. More preferably, the graphic structure of the first enclosed region is the same as the graphic structure of the second enclosed region. The "identical pattern structure" means that the shape and configuration of the first enclosed region and the second enclosed region are identical, but not necessarily can be completely aligned, and the two projected on the same plane (for example, the first conductive layer) can be completely aligned after optionally rotating for a certain angle and/or displacing for a certain distance; for example, the first sealing area and the second sealing area are irregular patterns, and the first sealing area and the second sealing area are required to rotate correspondingly by a certain angle to be completely closed. Therefore, the equality of the bus bar material consumption, the same graph structure, the bus bar material consumption and the like can be further ensured, the bus bar material consumption and the like can be simultaneously applied to two layers of conducting layers, the separate design is not needed, and the preparation process, the operation flow and the like of the device can be greatly simplified.

Preferably, the first and second enclosed regions are each of convex configuration.

Preferably, the projection of the symmetry axis of the first enclosed region onto the first conductive layer is completely coincident with the projection of the symmetry axis of the second enclosed region onto the first conductive layer. Preferably, the projection of the shoulder center of the convex structure of the first enclosed region onto the first conductive layer coincides with the projection of the shoulder center of the convex structure of the second enclosed region onto the first conductive layer. Wherein the "shoulder of the male structure" means a position in the "male" structure where the dimension (diameter) in a plane perpendicular to its symmetry axis changes. Therefore, through the superposition of symmetry axes of the closed areas and the superposition of the shoulder centers, the superposition area of the projection of the first bus bar and the projection of the second bus bar can be minimized, and meanwhile, the superposition area of the first closed area and the second closed area can be maximized, so that the danger of short circuit caused by bus bar contact can be reduced, the color change area of the electrochromic device can be increased, and the practicability of the electrochromic device is improved.

Preferably, the first enclosed region and the second enclosed region are each rectangular in structure, and further preferably square in structure.

Preferably, corners of the first bus bar are each provided with a first rounded corner.

Preferably, the difference between the outside radius and the inside radius of the first rounded corner is equal to the width of the first bus bar.

Preferably, corners of the second bus bars are each provided with a second rounded corner.

Preferably, the difference between the outside radius and the inside radius of the second rounded corner is equal to the width of the second bus bar.

In the prior art, when the bus bar is arranged on the periphery of the conductive layer, the corners of the bus bar are right angles; at this time, in the conductive region including the corners, the width of the bus bar at the corner is greater than that of the bus bar at the non-corners, resulting in concentration of current at the corners (higher than that at the non-corners) of the bus bar, and in the long-term use process, the conductive layer in the region is easily subjected to excessive current for a long time to fail, i.e., the conductive layer (color-changing layer) in the corner region is damaged and fails due to excessive current for a long time, thereby affecting the reliability of the device. Therefore, as a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the corners of the first bus bar and/or the second bus bar are rounded, so that the widths of all parts of the first bus bar and/or the second bus bar are equal, the current and the partial voltage are basically consistent, the condition that the conducting layer of the right-angle edge area is damaged due to the fact that the right-angle corner current is concentrated due to the fact that the conducting layer is subjected to too high current is avoided, and the reliability, the service stability and the service life of the device are improved.

Preferably, the first and second enclosed regions are each of a convex configuration, and the shoulder corners of the convex configuration are rounded. Therefore, line widths on the first bus bar and the second bus bar are equal everywhere, currents and partial voltages at all parts are basically consistent, the situation that a conducting layer in a right-angle edge area is damaged due to overlarge current bearing caused by concentration of right-angle corner currents is avoided, reliability and service stability of a device are improved, and service life of the device is prolonged.

Preferably, the difference between the outside radius and the inside radius of the rounded corners is equal to the width of the bus bar.

Preferably, the width of the first insulating protection layer and the second insulating protection layer is 1.5-8 cm independently, for example, may be 1.8cm, 2cm, 2.2cm, 2.5cm, 2.8cm, 3cm, 3.5cm, 4cm, 4.5cm, 5cm, 5.5cm, 6cm, 6.5cm, 7cm or 7.5cm, and specific point values between the above point values, which are limited in space and for brevity, the present invention does not exhaustively list specific point values included in the range. Therefore, the insulating protection layer can completely cover the bus bar, one part of the insulating protection layer is connected to the near edge side of the conductive layer in an extending way, and the other part of the insulating protection layer is connected to the far edge side of the conductive layer in an extending way, so that the partial pressure on the bus bar and the insulating protection layer is increased, the problem that the conductive layer in the area where the bus bar is located is damaged and fails due to the fact that the conductive layer bears excessive current for a long time is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the device are improved.

In the invention, the extending direction of the first bus bar is taken as a first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is taken as a second direction. The "width of the first insulating protection layer" means a dimension of the first insulating protection layer in the second direction. The width of the second insulating protection layer is the same, and will not be described herein.

Preferably, the thickness of the first insulating protection layer and the second insulating protection layer is 3 to 8 μm, for example, 3.2 μm, 3.5 μm, 3.8 μm, 4 μm, 4.2 μm, 4.5 μm, 4.8 μm, 5 μm, 5.2 μm, 5.5 μm, 5.8 μm, 6 μm, 6.2 μm, 6.5 μm, 6.8 μm, 7 μm, 7.2 μm, 7.5 μm or 7.8 μm, and specific point values between the above point values are not limited to the spread and the present invention does not exhaustive list the specific point values included in the range for conciseness. Therefore, the thickness of the conductive layer can be matched with that of the electrolyte and the bus bar, and a resistor with a proper resistance value can be arranged between the conductive layer and the bus bar to adjust the surface resistance value of the whole conductive area, so that the partial pressure on the bus bar and the insulating protective layer is increased, and the partial pressure on the corresponding conductive layer is reduced, and the problem that the device is damaged and fails due to overlarge long-term current of the conductive layer is effectively avoided.

Preferably, the width of the connection between the first insulating protection layer and the side of the first conductive layer far from the edge is 1-3 cm, for example, 1.1cm, 1.3cm, 1.5cm, 1.7cm, 1.9cm, 2cm, 2.1cm, 2.3cm, 2.5cm, 2.7cm or 2.9cm, and the specific point values between the above point values are limited to a length and for simplicity, and the present invention does not exhaustively list the specific point values included in the range. Therefore, the first insulating protection layer completely covers the first bus bar, so that the partial pressure on the first bus bar and the first insulating protection layer is increased, the problem that the device is damaged and invalid due to the fact that the conducting layer in the area where the bus bar is located bears excessive current for a long time is avoided, too many color-changing areas are further avoided to be covered, the color-changing area of the device is increased, and the utilization rate of the electrochromic device is improved.

Preferably, the width of the connection between the second insulating protection layer and the side of the second conductive layer far from the edge is 1-3 cm, for example, 1.1cm, 1.3cm, 1.5cm, 1.7cm, 1.9cm, 2cm, 2.1cm, 2.3cm, 2.5cm, 2.7cm or 2.9cm, and the specific point values between the above point values are limited to a length and for simplicity, and the present invention does not exhaustively list the specific point values included in the range. Therefore, the second insulating protection layer is further prevented from covering too many color-changing areas on the basis of completely covering the second bus bar, increasing partial pressure on the second bus bar and the second insulating protection layer and avoiding damage and failure of the device caused by overlarge current borne by the conducting layer in the area where the bus bar is located for a long time, so that the color-changing area of the device is increased and the utilization rate of the electrochromic device is improved.

Preferably, the materials of the first insulating protection layer and the second insulating protection layer are respectively and independently optical transparent materials, preferably insulating varnish, more preferably insulating varnish with specific color, for example, the insulating varnish can be the same as the color of the device in coloring, or can be any other color so as to shade and modify the bus bar and the peripheral area thereof.

Preferably, the electrochromic device further comprises: a first extraction electrode connected to the first bus bar; a first insulating protection layer is not arranged at the position, connected with the first extraction electrode, of the first bus bar; a second extraction electrode connected to the second bus bar; and a second insulating protection layer is not arranged at the position, connected with the second extraction electrode, of the second bus bar. Therefore, the bus bar and an external power supply can be electrically connected through the extraction electrode, voltage is applied through the external power supply, current is conducted to the bus bar through the extraction electrode, and the bus bar is conducted to the conductive layer, so that an electric field is formed inside the electrochromic device, and the electrochromic device is colored or decolored.

Preferably, the first extraction electrode is connected with the first bus bar through conductive adhesive; the second extraction electrode is connected with the second bus bar through conductive adhesive. Therefore, stable connection between the extraction electrode and the bus bar can be realized more conveniently and effectively.

Preferably, the first bus bar and the second bus bar are electrically connected with an external power supply through a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode, respectively; illustratively, after the partial areas of the substrate, the conductive layer, the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer are half-cut by a laser, the first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode are connected to the first bus bar and the second bus bar, respectively, by a conductive paste.

Preferably, the projection of the first extraction electrode on the first conductive layer and the projection of the second bus bar on the first conductive layer are not in contact with each other; the projection of the second extraction electrode on the first conductive layer is not contacted with the projection of the first bus bar on the first conductive layer. In the arrangement mode of the extraction electrodes, the first extraction electrode is extracted from the position, which is close to the outer side, of the first bus bar, the second extraction electrode is extracted from the position, which is close to the outer side, of the second bus bar, and the two extraction electrodes do not need to cross the bus bar at the other side, so that the situations of short circuit and the like caused by contact between the extraction electrode and the bus bar at the other end are avoided, and the use reliability of the device is improved; that is, when the extraction electrode is connected, the projection of the extraction electrode and the bus bar at the other side is not coincident, i.e. the risk of contact short circuit is avoided, so that the bus bar at the other side is not required to be broken (the part coincident with the projection of the extraction electrode is removed), the risk of short circuit can be effectively avoided, the preparation process of the device is simplified, and meanwhile, the electric conduction rate is further improved (the electric conduction rate is influenced if the bus bar is broken), i.e. the color change rate of the electrochromic device is improved.

Preferably, the first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode are disposed on the same side of the electrochromic device. Therefore, the two extraction electrodes are extracted from the same side, and the symmetry of extraction positions (namely the extraction positions are positioned at the same horizontal height or vertical height) can be ensured, so that the preparation process is simplified; meanwhile, the lead-out electrode cannot cross the bus bar at the other side, short circuit and other conditions are not easy to occur, and the use reliability of the device is improved.

Preferably, the color-changing layer includes an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer, which are sequentially disposed.

In the present invention, materials of the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer and the ion storage layer may be materials known in the art. The electrochromic layer material may be selected from among solid film-forming color-changing materials in the prior art, such as NiO in inorganic materials, WO ₃ 、Nb ₂ O ₅ 、TiO ₂ Etc.; polythiophene derivatives and copolymer systems in organic materials, and the like; metal conjugated systems such as Prussian blue and the like. The electrolyte layer is preferably a solid electrolyte layer, the solid electrolyte layer is formed by solidifying electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte layer is formed by mixing high molecular polymer, metal ion salt and additive. The material of the ion storage layer comprises metal oxide formed by any one or at least two metal elements in groups 4-12, or a mixture of metal oxides, or metal oxide doped by any other metal oxide.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electrochromic device comprising an electrochromic device according to the first aspect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the electrochromic device provided by the invention, the insulating protective layer is arranged on the bus bar, so that the short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer on the other side is effectively avoided; meanwhile, the insulating protection layer is further connected to the conducting layers on two sides of the bus bar in an extending mode on the basis of covering the bus bar, the problem that the conducting layers are damaged and invalid due to the fact that the conducting layers bear excessive current for a long time is effectively avoided, stability and use reliability of the device are improved, and service life of the device is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrochromic device provided in example 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of electrochromic devices provided in examples 2 to 5;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the electrochromic device provided in example 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the electrochromic device provided in example 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the electrochromic device provided in example 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the electrochromic device provided in comparative example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a portion of the electrochromic device provided in comparative example 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic top view of the electrochromic device provided in comparative example 2;

wherein, 11-first substrate, 12-second substrate, 21-first conductive layer, 22-second conductive layer, 30-color change layer, 31-electrochromic layer, 32-electrolyte layer, 33-ion storage layer, 41-first bus bar, 42-second bus bar, 51-first insulating protective layer, 52-second insulating protective layer, 61-first extraction electrode, 62-second extraction electrode, S1-conductive region containing bus bar, S2-conductive region not containing bus bar.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.

In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly, for distinguishing between the descriptive features, and not sequentially, and not lightly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between the two elements. The above-described specific meanings belonging to the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Example 1

An electrochromic device is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a first substrate 11, a first conductive layer 21, a color-changing layer 30, a second conductive layer 22 and a second substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence; a first bus bar 41 is arranged between the first conductive layer 21 and the color-changing layer 30, and a second bus bar 42 is arranged between the second conductive layer 22 and the color-changing layer 30; the first bus bar 41 is provided with a first insulating protection layer 51, and the first bus bar 41 is located in a package structure formed by the first insulating protection layer 51 and the first conductive layer 21; the second bus bar 42 is provided with a second insulating protection layer 52, and the second bus bar 42 is located in a package structure formed by the second insulating protection layer 52 and the second conductive layer 22.

The width of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is 1cm; the width of the first insulating protective layer 51 is 3cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the first conductive layer 21 remote from the edge is 1cm; the width of the second insulating protective layer 52 is 3cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the second conductive layer 22 remote from the edge is 1cm.

In the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment, the bus bar is provided with the insulating protection layer, so that the condition of short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer on the other side is avoided; meanwhile, the insulating protection layer extends to be connected to the conducting layers on two sides of the bus bar on the basis of covering the bus bar, so that the failure area caused by overhigh current on the periphery of the bus bar is covered, namely, the area resistance of the whole conducting area is regulated by being equivalent to the resistance between the conducting layers and the bus bar, the partial pressure on the bus bar and the insulating protection layer is increased, the partial pressure on the corresponding conducting layers is reduced, the problem that the conducting layers bear excessive current for a long time to cause the damage and failure of the device is effectively avoided, the stability and the reliability of the device are improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Example 2

An electrochromic device is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a first substrate 11, a first conductive layer 21, a color-changing layer, a second conductive layer 22 and a second substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence; the color-changing layer includes an electrochromic layer 31, an electrolyte layer 32, and an ion storage layer 33, which are sequentially disposed; a first bus bar 41 is arranged between the first conductive layer 21 and the electrochromic layer 31, and a second bus bar 42 is arranged between the second conductive layer 22 and the ion storage layer 33; the first bus bar 41 is provided with a first insulating protection layer 51, and the first bus bar 41 is located in a package structure formed by the first insulating protection layer 51 and the first conductive layer 21; the second bus bar 42 is provided with a second insulating protection layer 52, and the second bus bar 42 is located in a package structure formed by the second insulating protection layer 52 and the second conductive layer 22. The first extraction electrode 61 is connected with the first bus bar 41 through conductive glue, and the first insulating protection layer 51 is not coated on the first bus bar 41 at the position connected with the first extraction electrode 61; the second extraction electrode 62 is connected to the second bus bar 42 by conductive paste, and the second insulating protective layer 52 is not coated on the second bus bar 42 at the position where the second extraction electrode 62 is connected (the first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode are not shown in fig. 2).

The width of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is 1.5cm; the thickness of the first insulating protective layer 51 and the second insulating protective layer 52 is 4 μm, the width of the first insulating protective layer 51 is 7cm, and the connection width of the first insulating protective layer 51 and the side of the first conductive layer 21 away from the edge is 3cm; the width of the second insulating protective layer 52 was 7cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the second conductive layer 22 remote from the edge was 3cm.

As shown in fig. 3, the schematic top view structure of the electrochromic device is shown, the first bus bar 41 forms a first enclosed area, and the second bus bar 42 forms a second enclosed area; the pattern structures of the first enclosed area and the second enclosed area are rectangular, and the projection of the first bus bar 41 on the first conductive layer 21 and the projection of the second bus bar 42 on the first conductive layer 21 form a shape of a Chinese character 'hui'.

In the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment, the bus bar is provided with the insulating protection layer, so that the condition of short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer on the other side is avoided; meanwhile, the insulating protection layer extends to be connected to the conducting layers on two sides of the bus bar on the basis of covering the bus bar, so that the problem that the conducting layers in the area where the bus bar is located are damaged and invalid due to overlarge current is effectively avoided, stability and reliability of the device are improved, and service life of the device is prolonged. Further, bus bars are continuously arranged on the periphery of the conductive layer of the device, so that the conductive rate of the device is effectively improved, and the color changing rate and the color changing uniformity of the electrochromic device are improved.

Example 3

The width of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is 2cm; the thickness of the first insulating protection layer 51 and the second insulating protection layer 52 are 4 μm, the width of the first insulating protection layer 51 is 5cm, and the connection width of the first insulating protection layer 51 and the side of the first conductive layer 21 away from the edge is 1.5cm; the width of the second insulating protective layer 52 is 5cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the second conductive layer 22 remote from the edge is 1.5cm.

As shown in fig. 4, the schematic top view structure of the electrochromic device is shown, the first bus bar 41 forms a first enclosed area, and the second bus bar 42 forms a second enclosed area; the pattern structures of the first sealing area and the second sealing area are rectangular, the areas are equal, and the projections of the first sealing area and the second sealing area on the first conductive layer 21 are partially staggered and aligned.

In the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment, the bus bar is provided with the insulating protection layer, so that the condition of short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer on the other side is avoided; meanwhile, the insulating protection layer extends to be connected to the conducting layers on two sides of the bus bar on the basis of covering the bus bar, so that the problem of damage and failure of a device caused by overlarge current of the conducting layers in the area where the bus bar is located is effectively avoided, the stability and reliability of the device are improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged. Further, bus bars are continuously arranged on the periphery of the conductive layer of the device, so that the conductive rate of the device is effectively improved, and the color changing rate and the color changing uniformity of the electrochromic device are improved; meanwhile, the material areas of the first bus bar and the second bus bar are ensured to be consistent, material waste is prevented, parameters such as the consumption of bus bar materials and the like are not required to be set respectively in the preparation process of the bus bars, the same structural pattern can be simultaneously applied to two conductive layers, the separate design is not required, and the preparation process is simplified; moreover, only 2 extraction electrodes are needed for respectively forming the first bus bar and the second bus bar with closed patterns, so that the number of the extraction electrodes is reduced, and the reliability of the electrochromic device is improved; further, the two extraction electrodes do not need to cross the bus bar at the other side, so that the conditions of short circuit and the like caused by contact between the extraction electrodes and the bus bar at the other end are avoided, and the use reliability of the device is improved; when the laser half-cutting extraction electrode is carried out, the bus bar at the other side is not broken, so that the electric conduction rate can be further improved, and the color change rate of the electrochromic device can be improved.

Example 4

The width of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is 1.5cm; the width of the first insulating protective layer 51 is 6cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the first conductive layer 21 remote from the edge is 2cm; the width of the second insulating protective layer 52 was 6cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the second conductive layer 22 remote from the edge was 2cm.

As shown in fig. 5, the schematic top view of the electrochromic device is shown, the first bus bar 41 forms a first enclosed area, and the second bus bar 42 forms a second enclosed area; the first sealing area and the second sealing area are of identical convex structures, the areas of the first sealing area and the second sealing area are equal, the projections of symmetry axes of the first sealing area and the second sealing area on the first conductive layer 21 are coincident, and the projections of the center of the shoulder area on the first conductive layer 21 are also coincident.

Corners of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are rounded, and shoulder corners of the convex structure are rounded.

In the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment, the bus bar is provided with the insulating protection layer, so that the condition of short circuit caused by connection of the bus bar and the conductive layer on the other side is avoided; meanwhile, the insulating protection layer extends to be connected to the conducting layers on two sides of the bus bar on the basis of covering the bus bar, so that the problem that the conducting layers in the area where the bus bar is located are damaged and invalid due to overlarge current is effectively avoided, stability and reliability of the device are improved, and service life of the device is prolonged. Further, through the design of the bus bar layout mode, the bus bar layout method has high color change rate and color change uniformity, simultaneously ensures that the material areas of the first bus bar and the second bus bar are consistent, prevents material waste and the like, and does not need to set parameters such as the material consumption of the bus bar and the like during the preparation process of the bus bar, the same structural pattern can be simultaneously applied to two layers of conductive layers, does not need to be designed respectively, and simplifies the preparation process; in addition, only 2 extraction electrodes are needed for respectively forming the first bus bar and the second bus bar with closed patterns, so that the setting difficulty of the extraction electrodes is reduced, and the reliability of the electrochromic device is improved; further, the two extraction electrodes do not need to cross the bus bar at the other side, so that the conditions of short circuit and the like caused by contact between the extraction electrodes and the bus bar at the other end are avoided, and the use reliability of the device is improved; when the laser half-cutting extraction electrode is carried out, the bus bar at the other side is not broken, so that the electric conduction rate can be further improved, and the color change rate of the electrochromic device can be improved. In addition, the corners of the first bus bar and the second bus bar and the shoulder corners of the convex structure are rounded corners, so that the line widths of the first bus bar and the second bus bar are equal everywhere, the current and the partial voltage of each place are basically consistent, the condition that the conducting layer in the right-angle edge area is damaged due to overlarge current when the right-angle corner current is concentrated is avoided, the reliability and the service stability of the device are improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Example 5

An electrochromic device differing from embodiment 4 only in that the first insulating protective layer 51 has a width of 2.5cm and its connection width to the side of the first conductive layer 21 remote from the edge is 0.5cm; the width of the second insulating protective layer 52 is 2.5cm, and the connection width thereof to the side of the second conductive layer 22 remote from the edge is 0.5cm; the other structures are the same as those of embodiment 4.

In the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment, the width of the insulating protection layer is smaller, particularly, the connection width of the insulating protection layer and one side, far away from the edge, of the conductive layer is small, so that the partial pressure on the bus bar and the insulating protection layer is not obviously increased, the conductive layer in the area where the bus bar is located still has the risk of current increase in long-term use, and the use reliability of the device is further affected.

Comparative example 1

An electrochromic device, the schematic structure of which is shown in fig. 6, differs from that of embodiment 3 only in that the first insulating protective layer and the second insulating protective layer are not provided; the other structures are the same as those of embodiment 3.

The schematic partial top view structure of the electrochromic device is shown in fig. 7, wherein the area of the conductive layer of the conductive area S1 containing the bus bar is the same as that of the conductive layer of the conductive area S2 not containing the bus bar, so that the resistance R of the conductive layer is constant, the surface resistance of the bus bar (the resistance is lower than that of the conductive layer) in the conductive area S1 becomes smaller, under the condition of constant voltage, the current passing through the conductive area S1 is increased, namely the current born by the conductive layer corresponding to the area S1 is larger, in the long-term use process, the conductive layer in the area is easily damaged and is invalid due to overlarge current, namely the conductive layer (the color-changing layer) in the area around the bus bar is damaged and invalid due to overlarge current for a long time, thereby affecting the reliability of the whole device and shortening the service life of the device.

Comparative example 2

An electrochromic device, the schematic structure of which is shown in fig. 8, differs from that of embodiment 3 only in that a first insulating protective layer 51 is provided on the first bus bar 41 and is not in contact with the first conductive layer 21; the second insulating protection layer 52 is disposed on the second bus bar 42 and is not in contact with the second conductive layer 22; the other structures are the same as those of embodiment 3.

In the electrochromic device provided in comparative example 2, the insulating protective layer can prevent the bus bar from being connected to the conductive layer on the other side to some extent, avoiding the situation of causing a short circuit. However, compared with the electrochromic device provided by the invention, the insulating protection layer in comparative example 2 does not completely cover the bus bar, and cannot adjust the current condition of the conductive area containing the bus bar, and in the use process of the device, the conductive layer in the peripheral area of the bus bar is subjected to excessive current for a long time and is easy to damage and lose efficacy, so that the whole use reliability of the device is affected.

The applicant states that the invention is illustrated by the above examples as an electrochromic device and electrochromic apparatus comprising the same, but the invention is not limited to, i.e. does not mean that the invention must be practiced in dependence on, the above process steps. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of selected raw materials, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc. fall within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.

Claims

1. An electrochromic device comprising:

a first substrate;

a first conductive layer disposed on the first substrate;

a first bus bar disposed on the first conductive layer;

a first insulating protection layer, which is arranged on the first bus bar, wherein the first bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the first insulating protection layer and the first conductive layer;

the color-changing layer is arranged on the first conductive layer and is far away from the first substrate;

the second conductive layer is arranged on the color-changing layer and is far away from the first conductive layer;

a second bus bar disposed on the second conductive layer;

the second insulating protection layer is arranged on the second bus bar, and the second bus bar is positioned in a packaging structure formed by the second insulating protection layer and the second conductive layer;

the second substrate is arranged on the second conductive layer and is far away from the color-changing layer.

2. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, wherein the projection of the first bus bar onto the first conductive layer does not coincide with the projection of the second bus bar onto the first conductive layer;

Preferably, the first bus bar is arranged on the first conductive layer and is positioned at the periphery of the first conductive layer so as to form a first sealing area on the first conductive layer;

preferably, the second bus bar is disposed on the second conductive layer and located around the second conductive layer, so as to form a second sealing area on the second conductive layer.

3. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein the area of said first enclosed region is equal to the area of said second enclosed region;

preferably, the graphic structure of the first enclosed area is the same as the graphic structure of the second enclosed area.

4. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the width of the first and second insulating protective layers is each independently 1.5-8 cm;

preferably, the thickness of the first insulating protection layer and the second insulating protection layer is 3-8 μm independently.

5. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the width of the connection of the first insulating protective layer to the side of the first conductive layer remote from the edge is 1-3 cm;

Preferably, the width of the second insulating protective layer connected to the side of the second conductive layer away from the edge is 1 to 3cm.

6. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the materials of the first and second insulating protective layers are each independently an insulating varnish.

7. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:

a first extraction electrode connected to the first bus bar; a first insulating protection layer is not arranged at the position, connected with the first extraction electrode, of the first bus bar;

a second extraction electrode connected to the second bus bar; and a second insulating protection layer is not arranged at the position, connected with the second extraction electrode, of the second bus bar.

8. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first extraction electrode is connected to the first bus bar by means of a conductive glue; the second extraction electrode is connected with the second bus bar through conductive adhesive.

9. The electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the color-changing layer comprises an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer and an ion storage layer, which are arranged in that order.

10. An electrochromic device, characterized in that it comprises an electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.