CN116065409A

CN116065409A - Spray dyeing process

Info

Publication number: CN116065409A
Application number: CN202310059284.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毛志平; 孙立祥; 郑冬琛; 杨振; 张京彬
Original assignee: Shandong Zhongkang Guochuang Advanced Printing And Dyeing Technology Research Institute Co ltd; Shandong Zhongkang Jihong Technology Development Co ltd; Donghua University
Current assignee: Shandong Zhongkang Guochuang Advanced Printing And Dyeing Technology Research Institute Co ltd; Shandong Zhongkang Jihong Technology Development Co ltd; Donghua University
Priority date: 2023-01-17
Filing date: 2023-01-17
Publication date: 2023-05-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a spray dyeing process, which comprises the steps of uniformly spraying dye liquor on two sides of a fabric by adopting a large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray head, controlling the total liquor carrying rate of the fabric to be 10% -40%, then carrying out saturated steam steaming fixation treatment on the fabric after spray dyeing, and finally carrying out water washing and drying; the large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray head is formed by arranging a plurality of spray needles, each spray needle comprises a metal sheet, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a hollow metal needle, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is fixedly connected with the metal sheet, the metal sheet is fixedly connected with the hollow metal needle, the hollow metal needle is communicated with a dye liquor pipeline in a spray head box through a connecting pipeline I, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is input with an electric signal to enable the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to vibrate according to the time sequence of the electric signal, so that the hollow metal needle filled with dye is driven to vibrate to enable the dye to be sprayed onto a fabric to be dyed. The invention can accurately control the dye liquor amount applied to the fabric, realize that the liquor carrying rate is reduced to 10% -40%, and can fix the fabric without a complete drying process after spray dyeing, so that the migration phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Spray dyeing process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile dyeing, and relates to a spray dyeing process.

Background

Dyeing is a key link in the process of dyeing and finishing textile fabrics, and most factories currently adopt a process of padding-drying-padding-steaming, wherein dyes and alkaline agents are applied separately, and fabrics are padded with dye liquor, dried and then padded with the alkaline agents. However, the dyeing is carried out by using the process, the process flow is long, the energy consumption is high, the dyed fabric is easy to generate head-tail color difference due to different speeds of dyeing the fabric by using the dye, the dye on the surface of the fabric is easy to generate left-middle-right color difference due to the problem of migration in the drying process after padding the dye solution, and the dye is easy to generate in order to prevent the dye from falling off when padding the fixation alkaline agent, a large amount of inorganic salt is needed to be added in the fixation alkaline, the concentration of the inorganic salt is as high as 200g/L, and the content of the inorganic salt in the wastewater is higher. Some factories also adopt a rolling-steaming process, dye and alkaline agent are applied to the surface of the fabric simultaneously in a padding mode, the pre-drying process is omitted, but the defect of low fixation rate in the steaming fixation process is caused by higher fabric liquid carrying rate.

In order to avoid migration of fabrics in the drying process and solve the problem of low dye fixation rate in the wet steaming process, the reduction of the liquid carrying rate becomes a key for solving the problem; meanwhile, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced by reducing the liquid carrying rate.

The prior art discloses a foam low liquid feeding technology, which can realize low liquid feeding of fabrics, but due to instability of foam, the foam technology is adopted to apply dye liquid to the fabrics, so that the fabrics are not easy to apply evenly, and uneven dyeing can be caused.

Therefore, research on a dyeing process capable of realizing accurate control of the fabric liquid carrying amount and realizing the liquid carrying rate to be reduced to below 40% has very important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a spray dyeing process. The specific process flow of the traditional reactive dye continuous pad-drying pad-steaming dyeing technology is as follows: the method comprises the steps of padding dye liquor (the fabric liquor rate is 75% +/-20%, the dye concentration depends on the dyeing depth of fabric), drying the fabric by adopting a method of combining infrared pre-drying and hot air drying, dipping a fixation alkaline agent and salt (sodium chloride) or sodium sulfate (sodium sulfate) solution (the fabric liquor rate is 75% +/-20%, the fixation alkaline agent concentration is 20-30 g/L, the salt or sodium sulfate concentration is 200 g/L) in the uniform padding machine, steaming for fixation for 40-60 s by saturated steam, and finally washing and drying. Compared with the traditional reactive dye continuous pad-drying pad-steaming dyeing technology, the invention adopts the large-liquid-drop piezoelectric nozzle to carry out jet dyeing, and the specific process flow is as follows: mixing dye (the dye concentration depends on the dyeing depth of the fabric), alkaline agent (the concentration is 20-30 g/L) and salt or anhydrous sodium sulfate solution (the concentration is 0-50 g/L), applying the mixture to the fabric by using a large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray nozzle, adopting a two-side spray dyeing mode, directly carrying out saturated steam steaming fixation for 40-60 s without a drying process, then washing and drying (if the dyeing of the dark-colored fabric is required, the liquid-carrying amount of the fabric after spray dyeing exceeds 40%, then reducing the liquid-carrying amount of the fabric to below 40% by adopting a pre-drying device, then carrying out saturated steam steaming fixation for 40-60 s, and then washing and drying).

In recent years, the piezojet technology is rapidly developed, so that the accurate control of the liquid spraying amount and the liquid spraying position can be realized, and the invention can realize the accurate control of the liquid carrying amount of the fabric by applying the piezojet to the dyeing field, so that the liquid carrying rate is reduced to 10% -40%. The liquid carrying rate of 10% -40% solves the problem of low fixation rate in the fixation process (researches show that for cotton fabrics, when the liquid carrying rate of the fabric is lower than 40%, free water does not exist on the fabric or basically does not exist on the fabric, the free water is reduced to relieve the hydrolysis of the reactive dye and improve the fixation rate of the reactive dye), and meanwhile, the problem of migration of the dye in the drying process is avoided (the migration phenomenon is caused by different drying rates of the fabric in the drying process, so that free water on the fabric carries the dye to diffuse from the place with low drying rate to the place with high drying rate, which is the migration phenomenon which is generally known by a person in the field, if the free water on the fabric is not or less, and the migration phenomenon does not exist in the drying process).

According to the spray dyeing process, an alkaline agent can be directly added into the dye liquor, inorganic salt is not used, and one-time spray replaces two processes of padding dye liquor dyeing and fixation liquor respectively; after the dye liquor is sprayed, drying is not carried out according to the characteristics of the fabric, or drying is carried out to different degrees, and then fixation or other treatment is carried out.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a spray dyeing process includes uniformly spraying dye liquor on two sides of a fabric by a large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray head (the liquid carrying rate of the fabric is controlled to be 10% -40% and is insufficient to completely permeate the fabric, so that the single-sided spray liquor is 5% -20% of the weight of the fabric to avoid chromatic aberration on two sides of the fabric), controlling the total liquid carrying rate of the fabric to be 10% -40%, then directly carrying out saturated steam steaming fixation treatment on the fabric after spray dyeing without a drying process, and finally carrying out water washing and drying. If the liquid carrying amount of the fabric after spray dyeing exceeds 40% due to special requirements, reducing the liquid carrying amount of the fabric to below 40% by adopting a pre-drying device, performing saturated steam steaming fixation treatment, and then performing water washing and drying.

The large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray head is formed by arranging a plurality of spray needles, each spray needle comprises a metal sheet, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a hollow metal needle, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is fixedly connected with the metal sheet, the metal sheet is fixedly connected with the hollow metal needle, the hollow metal needle is communicated with a dye liquor pipeline in a spray head box through a connecting pipeline I, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is input with an electric signal to vibrate according to the time sequence of the electric signal, so that the hollow metal needle filled with dye is driven to vibrate to spray the dye onto a fabric to be dyed.

Piezojets are commonly used for printing and are commonly used in the textile field for inkjet printing. The invention proposes to use the piezojet for dyeing for the first time. The spray dyeing technology disclosed at present is mostly a common spray device with small aperture spray nozzle or small spray hole, and spray under the action of pump pressure or air pressure in a container, and is mostly used for circulating the dye liquor in the overflow dyeing machine, but not directly uniformly applying the dye liquor to the fabric to obtain uniform dye liquor application effect, and the technology can not realize uniform liquid feeding with low liquor carrying rate. The prior art generally comprises the steps of immersing a fabric in a dye liquor in a liquor tank, wherein the liquor carrying amount of the fabric exceeds 100%, then rolling the fabric by using a padder to remove part of water on the fabric, and the padder used by a printing and dyeing enterprise can not remove the water on the fabric to the liquor carrying rate lower than 40%. The invention uses the large-drop piezojet to spray the dyeing liquid (non-ink) to perform monochromatic dyeing (non-printing) on the fabric, and can control the liquid spraying amount in unit time by adopting the piezoelectric control technology, and can realize the reduction of the liquid carrying rate to 10% -40% by combining with the adjustment of the running speed of the fabric.

In the continuous dyeing process of textiles, the application of dye liquor to the textiles in a padding mode is a common technical means in the printing and dyeing industry, and the piezoelectric ink-jet printing head is adopted to replace a traditional padder to quantitatively feed liquor to the textiles.

As a preferable technical scheme:

in the spray dyeing process, the dye solution is an aqueous solution containing dye and alkaline agent.

According to the liquid spraying dyeing process, the concentration of the dye in the dye liquid is 0.1-100 g/L, and the concentration of the alkaline agent is 20-30 g/L.

In one spray dyeing process as described above, the dye is a reactive dye of all types (the method of the invention is equally applicable to disperse dyes and acid dyes), and the alkaline agent is a carbonate, a hydroxide or a mixture of carbonate and hydroxide.

In the spray dyeing process, the dye liquor also contains inorganic salt (salt or anhydrous sodium sulfate), and the concentration of the inorganic salt is below 50 g/L. In the dyeing method in the prior art, in order to prevent the dye from falling off when padding the fixation alkaline agent, the concentration of the inorganic salt needs to be as high as 200g/L, but in the invention, as the mixed solution of the dye and the alkaline agent is applied to the fabric together, the process of padding the alkaline agent does not exist, the dye does not fall off, and 200g/L of inorganic salt does not need to be added into the alkaline agent. However, we have also found that the addition of a small amount of inorganic salt to the mixture of dye and alkaline agent helps to increase the fixation rate and vividness of the color of the dye, so that no or a small amount of inorganic salt can be added to the mixture of dye and alkaline agent as required.

According to the liquid spraying dyeing process, the large-liquid-drop piezoelectric ink-jet printing head is used for applying the dye, the fixation alkaline agent, other dyeing auxiliary agents and the inorganic salt mixed dye liquor with the concentration of not more than 50g/L to the fabric, wherein the application amount of the dye liquor is 10-40% of the weight of the fabric.

According to the spray dyeing process, the fixation rate of the reactive dye is 85-95%, and the fixation rate of the reactive dye can be improved by more than 10 percent.

The spray dyeing process has the technical parameters of saturated steam steaming fixation treatment: the temperature is 101-105 ℃ and the relative humidity is 100%.

According to the spray dyeing process, the temperature of drying after water washing is 80-120 ℃.

According to the spray dyeing process, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is fixedly connected with the metal piece in a viscose manner, and the metal piece is fixedly connected with the hollow metal needle in a laser welding manner.

According to the liquid spraying dyeing process, the needle tip of the hollow metal needle is a liquid outlet, the other end of the hollow metal needle is a liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet is connected with the connecting pipeline I and is communicated with the dye liquor pipeline in the nozzle box through the connecting pipeline I.

Advantageous effects

The spray dyeing process has the following advantages:

(1) The large-drop piezojet nozzle is used for spraying dye liquor (non-ink) to dye the fabric in a single color (non-printing), and the piezoelectric control technology is adopted, so that the liquid spraying amount in unit time can be controlled, and the liquid carrying rate can be reduced to 10% -40% by combining with the adjustment of the running speed of the fabric;

(2) The fabric is not soaked and padded, and only a small amount of dye liquor is sprayed on the two sides of the fabric to dye with low liquor rate;

(3) The spray dyeing liquid is a mixed solution (non-ink) of a coloring agent, fixation alkali, other dyeing auxiliary agents and inorganic salt with the concentration of not more than 50g/L, and the traditional padding dyeing liquid and padding fixation alkali agent twice are replaced by one-time spray dyeing;

(4) The invention can control the liquid carrying rate of the fabric to be 10% -40%, and the fabric can be subjected to fixation treatment after spray dyeing without a drying process, so that migration phenomenon does not exist;

(5) The invention is a spray dyeing technology, and can realize the color switching of dyed fabrics without stopping. In the traditional padding dyeing technology, after one color is dyed, more waste liquid remains in a trough of a padding dye liquor homogenizing padder and a trough of a padding fixation alkali homogenizing padder, and the dyeing liquor dosing trough needs to be cleaned, so that the dyeing machine is stopped. The invention relates to spray dyeing, which is to dye a fabric into uniform single color, namely, the color of the fabric is switched without stopping, namely, if the current spray dyeing liquid is red, the fabric is dyed into red, when the production quantity of the red fabric meets the requirement and needs to be changed into other colors, such as green fabric, the dye liquid supply system can be conveniently stopped from supplying the liquid until the dye liquid in the liquid supply pipeline is sprayed, then the dye liquid supply system is switched to a green dye liquid barrel to start to supply the green dye liquid, and the green fabric is obtained. The distance from the dye liquor barrel to the piezoelectric liquid spraying head is very short, the diameter of a pipeline connecting the liquid supply system and the liquid spraying head is millimeter, the red dye liquor amount remained in the pipeline is very small, and the dye liquor can be completely washed by washing with a small amount of green dye liquor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each needle of a large droplet piezojet;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a liquid ejecting apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spray dyeing process flow in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single-sided spray box assembly of the spray dyeing process flow in example 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the spray dyeing process flow in example 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a waste liquid collecting apparatus in the liquid spraying dyeing process flow in example 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spray dyeing process flow in example 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the spray dyeing process flow in example 4;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a double-sided spray cartridge assembly of the spray dyeing process flow in example 4;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the spray dyeing process flow in example 5;

the device comprises a 1-cloth feeding system, a 2-walking platform, a 3-tension adjusting roller, a 4-thread expanding roller, a 5-driving roller, a 6-edge stripper, a 7-cloth pressing roller, an 8-conduction band driving roller, a 9-single-sided spray box assembly, a 10-infrared predrying device, an 11-conduction band, a 12-conduction band cleaning device, a 13-conduction band supporting roller, a 14-cloth guiding roller, a 15-rear bracket, a 16-waste liquid collecting device, a 17-reflective insulation board, an 18-double-sided spray box assembly, a 19-adjusting roller group, a 91-spray box, a 92-linear guide rail, a 93-servo motor, a 94-ball screw, a 911-large-droplet piezoelectric spray box (a plurality of groups), a 912-liquid storage box, a 913-spray control system, a 914-liquid feeding system, a 9111-steel sheet, a 9112-piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a 9113-hollow steel needle, a 9114-connecting pipeline I, a 9141-stirring barrel, a 9142-stirring motor, a 9143-filter and a conveying pump, a 9144-connecting pipeline II, a 161-spray plate, a 162-liquid collecting box, a 163-negative pressure suction pipe, a 181-linear guide rail, a 181-linear guide screw.

Description of the embodiments

The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

A liquid ejecting apparatus, as shown in fig. 2, comprises a large droplet piezojet head cartridge(s) 911, a liquid storage cartridge 912, a liquid supply system 914, and a liquid ejection control system 913; the spray control system 913 includes a hardware integrated circuit board and a software control program; the liquid supply system 914 comprises a stirring barrel 9141, a stirring motor 9142, a filter, a conveying pump 9143 and a connecting pipeline II 9144; wherein the large droplet piezojet cartridge(s) 911, reservoir 912 and spray control system 913 are combined together, i.e., spray cartridge 91, within the spray device; the liquid supply system 914 is arranged outside the liquid spraying device, the dye liquid processed in the stirring bucket 9141 is filtered by the connecting pipeline II 9144 and pumped into the liquid storage box 912 after being filtered by the filter and conveying pump 9143, and the dye liquid is conveyed to each large-droplet spray head box by the inner pipeline connected between the liquid storage box 912 and each large-droplet spray head box; each large droplet spray head box is internally provided with a plurality of spray needles, and each spray needle has a structure shown in fig. 1 and comprises a steel sheet 9111, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 9112 and a hollow steel needle 9113; the piezoelectric ceramic piece 9112 is fixedly connected with the steel piece 9111 in a viscose manner, and the steel piece 9111 is fixedly connected with the hollow steel needle 9113 in a laser welding manner; the tip of the hollow steel needle 9113 is a liquid outlet, the other end is a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is connected with a connecting pipeline I9114, and the liquid inlet is communicated with a dye liquor pipeline in the nozzle box through the connecting pipeline I9114; the piezoelectric ceramic plate 9112 is input with an electric signal to vibrate according to the time sequence of the electric signal, so that the hollow steel needle 9113 filled with the dye is driven to vibrate, and the dye is sprayed onto the fabric to be dyed.

Example 1

The spray dyeing process includes the steps of adopting pure cotton plain weave fabric as the fabric: c20x16 100x58 1/1 57/58 ", dye: reactive RGB red 0.5% (o.w.f), fixation base agent: 15g/L of sodium carbonate. Adopting a liquid spraying device shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a fabric enters a tension adjusting roller 3 (the main function of the tension adjusting roller 3 is to adjust the cloth entering tension and the wrap angle of a thread expanding roller 4) and the thread expanding roller 4 (the function of the thread expanding roller 4 is to expand the fabric and prevent the fabric from shrinking), then the fabric passes through a driving roller 5 and then spreads the curled selvedge through a stripper 6, then clings to a conduction band 11 (the conduction band 11 is driven by a conduction band driving roller 8 and is circularly moved under the combined action of a conduction band supporting roller 13 and a roller on a conduction band cleaning device 12) under the supporting action of the conduction band 11, the fabric is sprayed with dye liquor when stably passing through a single-sided liquid spraying box assembly 9, and the application amount of the dye liquor is 15% of the weight of the fabric (the total liquid carrying rate of the fabric is only 15% and is lower than 20%, and the fabric is not pre-baked); then the fabric enters a second group of edge strippers 6 after being turned by a cloth guide roller 14 to strip off the curled edges again, and then the cloth surface on the other side is subjected to spray liquid dyeing in the same way, wherein the application amount of the dye liquor is 15% of the weight of the fabric (because the total liquid carrying rate of the fabric is only 15%, and the fabric is less than 20% and is not pre-baked); after the liquid spraying on both sides of the fabric is finished, the fabric enters a saturated steam steaming fixation treatment through a plurality of cloth guide rollers 14, and the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment has the following technological parameters: the temperature is 102 ℃, the relative humidity of steam is 100 percent, and finally, the water washing and the drying are carried out at 120 ℃.

The fixation rate of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric is 93%.

In fig. 3, the rear frame 15 is used as a mounting and supporting structure, and the whole machine is automatically controlled by a PLC. As shown in fig. 4, the liquid spraying device 9 can move up and down along the linear guide rail 92 left and right by the driving of the servo motor 93 and the ball screw 94 so as to adjust the distance between the piezojet and the cloth cover, thereby facilitating the cloth penetrating and maintenance.

Example 2

The spray dyeing process includes the steps of adopting pure cotton plain weave fabric as the fabric: c20x16 100x58 1/1 57/58 ", dye: active navy blue L-3G3.0% (o.w.f), fixation alkaline agent: 20g/L of sodium carbonate, 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, inorganic salt: 20g/L of sodium sulfate. Adopting a liquid spraying device shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 5, a fabric enters a tension adjusting roller 3 and a thread expanding roller 4 through a cloth entering system 1 and a walking board 2, then the fabric is stretched by a selvedge stripper 6 after passing through a driving roller 5, the fabric is tightly attached to a liquid spraying supporting plate 161 and a supporting plate of a waste liquid collecting device 16, the fabric is sprayed with dye liquor when stably passing through a single-sided liquid spraying box assembly 9 under the supporting action of the liquid spraying supporting plate 161, and the application amount of the dye liquor is 25% of the weight of the fabric; then, after being pre-dried for 20 seconds by the infrared pre-drying device 10, the fabric enters the second group of edge strippers 6 after being turned by the fabric guide roller 14 to strip off the curled edges again, then, the fabric surface on the other side is subjected to spray dyeing in the same manner, the application amount of the dye liquor is 25% of the weight of the fabric, and then, the fabric is pre-dried for 20 seconds by the infrared pre-drying device 10; after the liquid spraying pre-drying of the two surfaces of the fabric is finished, the fabric enters a saturated steam steaming fixation treatment through a second group of active cloth guide rollers 5 and a plurality of cloth guide rollers 14, and the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment has the following technological parameters: the temperature is 103 ℃, the relative humidity of steam is 100 percent, and finally, the water washing and the drying are carried out at 120 ℃.

The fixation rate of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric is 89%.

In fig. 5, the reflecting heat-insulating board 17 mainly reflects the heat irradiated by the upper and lower infrared pre-baking devices 10, prevents the heat from affecting other elements and improves the heat efficiency; the rear bracket 15 serves as a mounting and support structure; the whole machine realizes automatic control through a PLC. Because the edge position of the fabric is unstable due to the elasticity or uneven tension of the fabric during spraying, and the dye liquor is sprayed outside the selvedge, the upper surface of the spray liquor supporting plate 161 is provided with a diversion trench as shown in fig. 6, and the surface is coated with a hydrophobic material; the outflow dye solution flows into the liquid collecting box 162 through a gap between the liquid spraying support plate 161 and the liquid collecting box 162, and a negative pressure suction pipe 163 is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting box 162 to timely suck the waste liquid in the liquid collecting box.

Example 3

The spray dyeing process includes the steps of adopting pure cotton plain weave fabric as the fabric: c20x16 100x58 1/1 57/58 ", dye: reactive yellow CRF1.0% (o.w.f), fixation base agent: 20g/L of sodium carbonate, inorganic salt: 20g/L of sodium sulfate. Adopting a liquid spraying device shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 7, a fabric enters a tension adjusting roller 3 and a thread expanding roller 4 through a cloth feeding system 1 and a walking board 2, and then the fabric is tightly attached to a liquid spraying supporting plate and a supporting plate of a waste liquid collecting device 16 after the fabric is unfolded by a selvedge stripper 6 after passing through a driving roller 5; the fabric is sprayed with dye liquor when stably passing through the single-sided liquid spraying box assembly 9 under the supporting action of the liquid spraying support plate, the application amount of the dye liquor is 18% of the weight of the fabric, then enters the second group of edge strippers 6 through the cloth guide roller 14 to strip off the curled edges again, and then the other side is subjected to liquid spraying dyeing in the same manner, wherein the application amount of the dye liquor is 18% of the weight of the fabric; after the liquid spraying on both sides of the fabric is finished, the fabric enters a saturated steam steaming fixation treatment through a group of driving rolls 5 and cloth guide rolls 14, and the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment has the following technological parameters: the temperature is 101 ℃, the relative humidity of steam is 100 percent, and finally, the water washing and the drying are carried out at 80 ℃.

The fixation of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric was 92%.

In fig. 7, the rear frame 15 is used as a mounting and supporting structure, and the whole machine is automatically controlled by a PLC.

Example 4

The spray dyeing process includes the steps of adopting pure cotton plain weave fabric as the fabric: c20x16 100x58 1/1 57/58 ", dye: active blue WNE1.5% (o.w.f), fixation alkaline agent: 20g/L of sodium carbonate, inorganic salt: 10g/L sodium sulfate. As shown in fig. 8, after the fabric enters the tension adjusting roller 3 and the thread expanding roller 4 through the cloth feeding system 1 and the walking board 2, and then the fabric is unfolded and curled by the edge stripper 6 after passing through the driving roller 5, when the fabric passes through the double-side liquid spraying box assembly 18, the two sides of the fabric are sprayed with dye liquor by the spray heads on each side at the same time, the total liquid carrying rate of the two sides of the fabric is 35% (because the total liquid carrying rate of the fabric is lower than 40 percent, the fabric is not pre-baked), and then the fabric is redirected by the two cloth guiding rollers 14 to enter the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment, wherein the process parameters of the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment are as follows: the temperature is 102 ℃, the relative humidity of steam is 100 percent, and finally, the water washing and the drying are carried out at 100 ℃.

As shown in fig. 9, the double-sided liquid spraying box assembly 18 is formed by two liquid spraying boxes 91 which are respectively installed on two sliding blocks on the left and right sides of two groups of long linear guide rails 181 in a face-to-face manner, and driven by a servo motor 93 and a positive and negative ball screw 182, the two liquid spraying boxes 91 can simultaneously make linear movement far away from or near to fabrics along the long linear guide rails 181 so as to adjust the distance between the piezoelectric spray heads and the cloth cover, thereby facilitating cloth penetrating and maintenance.

The fixation of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric was 88%.

In fig. 8, the rear frame 15 is used as a mounting and supporting structure, and the whole machine is automatically controlled by a PLC.

Example 5

The spray dyeing process includes the steps of adopting pure cotton plain weave fabric as the fabric: c20x16 100x58 1/1 57/58 ", dye: active blue WNE1.5% (o.w.f), active red WSL red 0.5% (o.w.f), fixation alkaline agent: 20g/L of sodium carbonate, 0.5g/L of sodium hydroxide, inorganic salt: 15g/L sodium sulfate. As shown in fig. 10, after the fabric passes through the fabric feeding device 1 composed of the fabric guiding roller 14, the tension roller, the spreading centering device and the like, the direction and the position of the fabric are adjusted by the adjusting roller set 19, and the curled selvedge is spread by the selvedge stripper 6, when the fabric passes through the double-sided spray box assembly 18, the two sides are sprayed with dye liquor by the spray heads on each side at the same time, the total liquor carrying rate of the two sides of the fabric is 30% (because the total liquor carrying rate of the fabric is lower than 40%, the fabric is not pre-baked), and then the fabric enters the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment through the other group of driving rollers 5 and the two groups of fabric guiding rollers 14 arranged on the travelling table 9 and the rear bracket 15 after passing through the driving fabric guiding roller 5, and the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment comprises the following technological parameters: and the temperature is 105 ℃, the relative humidity of steam is 100%, and finally, the water washing and the drying are carried out at 120 ℃.

The fixation of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric was 91%.

Example 6

A spray dyeing process substantially as in example 5, except that: the cloth feeding device 1, the regulating roller group 19, the liquid spraying device 18, the infrared pre-drying device 10 and the like are arranged on a two-layer platform of a workshop, after the dye liquor is sprayed on the two-layer platform, the subsequent walking board 2, the rear support 15, the cloth guide roller and the like are not required to be arranged, the fabric passes through a floor slab to directly enter steam steaming fixation treatment on the first floor of the workshop, and finally, washing and drying are carried out.

The fixation rate of the reactive dye on the dyed fabric is 89%.

Claims

1. A spray dyeing process is characterized in that: firstly, uniformly spraying dye liquor on two sides of a fabric by adopting a large-liquid-drop piezoelectric spray head, controlling the total liquor carrying rate of the fabric to be 10% -40%, then performing saturated steam steaming fixation treatment on the sprayed fabric, and finally performing water washing and drying;

2. The spray dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the dye solution is an aqueous solution containing a dye and an alkaline agent.

3. The spray dyeing process according to claim 2, wherein the dye concentration in the dye liquor is 0.1-100 g/L and the alkali concentration is 20-30 g/L.

4. A spray dyeing process according to claim 3, characterized in that the dye is a reactive dye and the alkaline agent is a carbonate, a hydroxide or a mixture of carbonate and hydroxide.

5. The spray dyeing process according to claim 4, wherein the dye liquor further comprises inorganic salt, and the concentration of the inorganic salt is below 50 g/L.

6. The spray dyeing process according to claim 5, wherein the fixation rate of the reactive dye is 85-95%.

7. The spray dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the saturated steam steaming fixation treatment are as follows: the temperature is 101-105 ℃, and the relative humidity of steam is 100%.

8. The spray dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the dried product after washing is 80-120 ℃.

9. The spray dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic piece is fixedly connected with the metal piece in a viscose manner, and the metal piece is fixedly connected with the hollow metal needle in a laser welding manner.

10. The spray dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the hollow metal needle is a liquid outlet, the other end of the hollow metal needle is a liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet is connected with a connecting pipeline I and is communicated with a dye liquor pipeline in the spray head box through the connecting pipeline I.