CN116064059A - Special-shaped brick, coke oven comprising same, system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a special-shaped brick and a coke oven, a system and a method comprising the special-shaped brick, wherein the special-shaped brick comprises a body, a filling part and a groove, the body comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are sequentially arranged, the first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall form a U shape, and one ends of the first side wall and the third side wall far away from the second side wall are respectively provided with a step part; the filling part is integrally arranged in the body, the filling part is provided with a blanking inclined plane, a space is reserved between one end of the blanking inclined plane, which is close to the step part, and one end of the step part, which is far away from the second side wall, and a blanking groove is formed by the blanking inclined plane, the first side wall and the third side wall; the groove is arranged between the second side wall and the blanking inclined plane, and penetrates through the first side wall, the filling part and the third side wall. The special-shaped brick of this application embodiment, blanking inclined plane make things convenient for the material to slide down in the use, and two special-shaped bricks that step portion makes things convenient for relative setting are connected to constitute the blanking passageway of "zigzag", the recess can be used to gas circulation etc..

Description

Special-shaped brick, coke oven comprising same, system and method

Technical Field

The application belongs to the field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a special-shaped brick, a coke oven comprising the special-shaped brick, a system and a method.

Background

Coal is a fuel, and is a raw material with low cost and easy availability for preparing carbon materials, and active coke for desulfurization and denitrification is prepared by taking coal as a raw material at present. The existing carbonization and activation equipment for preparing active coke is a horizontal rotary furnace and a vertical Sieve furnace, and the integrated production equipment is a multi-hearth furnace, wherein:

the horizontal rotary furnace realizes material overturning through the rotation of the furnace body according to a certain angle, so that carbonization and contact activation of the material and an activating agent are realized, but the carbonization process and the activation process both need separate rotary furnaces, and the yield of a single rotary furnace is also smaller, so that the problems of large occupied area, high investment cost, small yield and the like exist in the coke making of the horizontal rotary furnace.

The vertical type Sijeep furnace can only activate carbonized materials, because the problems of coking and scaling of furnace walls, blockage of precipitated gas channels, bonding of materials, and the like are difficult to occur in the heating process of carbonized materials, such as less tar, volatile matters and fine crushed powder, so the vertical type Sijeep furnace is only an activation furnace, cannot be used as a carbonization activation furnace for preparing coke from raw coal in one step, and has poor adaptability to fixed particles and specific operation parameters; the activating steam is generated by switching the left and right combustion chamber heat accumulating bricks, the process is complex, the equipment is huge, the activating process depends on steam to sweep the surface of the material layer, and the contact between the steam and the material is insufficient, so that the activating steam consumption is extremely high.

The multi-hearth furnace is divided into multiple layers, the material is stirred by the rake device to fall layer by layer to finish the carbonization and activation process, the material filling rate of the equipment is low, the equipment is huge in size and high in investment cost, in addition, steam is used for sweeping the surface layer of the material in the activation process, the contact between the steam and the material is insufficient, the steam consumption is high, and the quality of active coke is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a shaped brick, which has a groove, a step portion and a blanking inclined plane with a gap between the step portion, wherein the blanking inclined plane is convenient for materials to slide down during use, and the step portion is convenient for two shaped bricks to be arranged oppositely to form a zigzag blanking channel; the grooves may be used for gas circulation, etc.

Another object of the present application is to propose a coke oven.

It is yet another object of the present application to provide a method of operating a coke oven.

It is yet another object of the present application to provide a coke oven system.

It is yet another object of the present application to provide a method of operating a coke oven system.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a shaped brick, including:

the body comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall form a U shape, and one ends of the first side wall and the third side wall, which are far away from the second side wall, are respectively provided with a step part;

The filling part is integrally arranged in the body and is provided with a blanking inclined plane, one end of the blanking inclined plane is adjacent to the third side wall, and the other end of the blanking inclined plane is adjacent to the step part; a space is reserved between one end of the blanking inclined plane, which is close to the step part, and one end of the step part, which is far away from the second side wall, and a blanking groove is formed in the area among the blanking inclined plane, the first side wall and the third side wall;

the groove is arranged between the second side wall and the blanking inclined plane, and penetrates through the first side wall, the filling part and the third side wall.

In addition, the special-shaped brick according to the embodiment of the application can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in one embodiment of the present application, an included angle between the blanking inclined plane and a plane where the groove is located is an obtuse angle.

In one embodiment of the present application, the included angle between the blanking inclined plane and the plane where the groove is located is between 110 ° and 135 °.

In an embodiment of the present application, the filling portion is provided with the surface of the groove, the first side wall is provided with the surface of the groove, the third side wall is provided with the surface flush setting of the groove, the blanking inclined plane is adjacent to the end face of one end of the step portion and the first side wall is provided with the surface flush of the groove, or a space is left between the two.

In one embodiment of the present application, the body and the filler are integrally formed.

In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the body and the filling portion is a heat-resistant material.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides a coke oven, including the shaped brick of the embodiment of the present application.

In one embodiment of the present application, the coke oven further includes a furnace body, an activation section is disposed in the furnace body, and the activation section includes at least two first material channels, a first flue disposed at the periphery of the first material channels, and an activated gas inlet; the side wall of the first material channel comprises the special-shaped brick.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first material channel includes a plurality of penetrating activation layers sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall of the first material channel corresponding to the penetrating activation layers each include the shaped brick, where the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are disposed opposite to each other; one side of the penetrating activation layer is communicated with the inlet air chamber, and the other side is communicated with the outlet air chamber; adjacent two penetrating activation layers, and an outlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer positioned below is communicated with an inlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer positioned above; an activation section oxygen supplementing combustion port is arranged in the outlet air chamber; all the inlet air chambers and the outlet air chambers are arranged in the first flue, the inlet air chambers are communicated with the activated gas inlet, and the outlet air chambers are communicated with the first flue.

In an embodiment of the present application, the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall corresponding to the penetrating activation layer each include a sealing section and a ventilation section sequentially disposed from top to bottom; the sealing section consists of at least one layer of closed special-shaped bricks which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the ventilation section consists of at least three layers of penetrating special-shaped bricks which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks are special-shaped bricks in the embodiment of the application, and the grooves of the closed special-shaped bricks are closed; the blanking inclined planes of the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks are all arranged towards the center of the first material channel; the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks of one ventilation section corresponding to the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are communicated with the inlet air chamber, and the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks of the other ventilation section corresponding to the other ventilation section are communicated with the outlet air chamber.

In an embodiment of the present application, in each of the penetrating activated layers, the grooves on the side close to the sealing section are communicated with the blanking groove on the side far away from the sealing section, wherein the grooves are located in two penetrating profiled bricks which are located on the same row and are adjacent to each other up and down on the fourth side wall or the fifth side wall.

In an embodiment of the present application, in each penetrating activation layer, two penetrating special-shaped bricks or sealing special-shaped bricks corresponding to each other in positions on the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are arranged in a vertically staggered manner, and are fixedly connected through the step portion in a sealing manner.

In one embodiment of the present application, two adjacent first material channels are closely attached through a fourth side wall and a fifth side wall; and the grooves of all penetrating special-shaped bricks positioned at the same height on the fourth side wall or the fifth side wall are communicated, and both ends of the grooves are communicated with the inlet air chamber or the outlet air chamber.

In one embodiment of the present application, a carbonization section is further disposed in the furnace body, and the carbonization section is disposed above the activation section; the carbonization section comprises a plurality of second material channels and a carbonization section flue gas outlet, each second material channel is communicated with one first material channel, and the two material channels are opposite to each other; the parts between two adjacent second material channels and between a plurality of second material channels and the inner wall of the furnace body form second flues, and the second flues are communicated with a flue gas outlet of the carbonization section; the second flue, a plurality of second material channels and the first flue are communicated; and an oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section is arranged in the second flue.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second material channel has a sixth side wall and a seventh side wall which are disposed opposite to each other, and the sixth side wall and the seventh side wall each use a heat-resistant brick with a through hole.

In one embodiment of the present application, the activating gas inlet is located at the bottom of the activating section; and the smoke outlet of the carbonization section is positioned at the bottom of the carbonization section.

In one embodiment of the present application, a cooling section is further disposed in the furnace body, and the cooling section is communicated with the activation section; the cooling section is provided with a cooling pipe.

To achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a coke oven, comprising

The activated gas containing water vapor enters the inlet air chambers of the penetrating activation layers positioned below the two adjacent penetrating activation layers;

the activated gas entering the inlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer below uniformly enters the grooves of the multi-layer penetrating special-shaped bricks at one side of the penetrating activation layer;

the activation gas penetrates through the material layers in the first material channel simultaneously in each layer of penetrating profiled bricks for activation, and water gas is generated;

the water gas is discharged from the grooves of the multi-layer penetrating special-shaped bricks positioned on the other side of the penetrating activation layer, then enters an outlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer for oxygen supplementing combustion, and the temperature of the activation gas is maintained while the heat of the activation section is supplemented;

And the mixed gas after the oxygen supplementing combustion vertically upwards enters an inlet air chamber of the next penetrating activation layer to perform penetrating activation on the next penetrating activation layer.

In one embodiment of the present application, the material moves from top to bottom along a zigzag path in the first material channel.

In one embodiment of the present application, the pressure of the penetratingly activated activation gas ranges between 0.05 and 0.5 MPa.

In one embodiment of the present application, the method for operating a coke oven further comprises: raw coal particles enter a carbonization section to carry out carbonization reaction; and pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue to be subjected to oxygen supplementing combustion for maintaining the temperature of the carbonization section.

In one embodiment of the present application, the method for operating a coke oven further comprises: and the smoke of the activation section and the smoke of the carbonization section are converged and then discharged from a smoke outlet of the carbonization section.

To achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present application provides a coke oven system comprising

The coke making oven is the coke making oven of the embodiment of the application;

the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace is communicated with the smoke outlet of the carbonization section;

the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an air preheater are arranged in the heat exchange chamber, the inlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchanger, the inlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with a water supply pump, the inlet of the air preheater is communicated with a blower, and the outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the activation section and the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section;

And the inlet of the steam superheater is communicated with the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the outlet of the steam superheater is communicated with the activated gas inlet.

In an embodiment of the present application, the coke oven system further comprises an induced draft fan, an inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber, and an outlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with a chimney.

In one embodiment of the present application, the coke oven system further comprises a cooling water circulation pump, an outlet of the cooling water circulation pump being in communication with an inlet of the cooling tube.

To achieve the above object, a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a coke oven system, comprising removing tar from flue gas from a flue gas outlet of a carbonization section of the coke oven by post combustion, and then entering a heat exchange chamber;

the flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber respectively heats water from the water supply pump and air from the air preheater to generate water vapor and hot air;

the steam is overheated by a steam superheater and then enters an activation section of the coke oven as activation gas;

and one part of the hot air enters the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the activation section, and the other part of the hot air enters the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section.

The special-shaped brick of the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The blanking inclined plane is provided with a groove, a step part and a blanking inclined plane with a gap between the step part, the blanking inclined plane is convenient for materials to slide downwards in the use process, the step part is convenient for two special-shaped bricks which are oppositely arranged to be connected, and a zigzag blanking channel is formed; the grooves may be used for gas circulation, etc.

(2) The body and the filler are integrally formed, so that the processing is convenient, and the overall strength can be improved.

(3) The heat-resistant material can be used as a heat-resistant brick for coke oven and the like.

The coke oven disclosed by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The penetrating activated material has short activation time and good active coke performance.

The material falls vertically, and the high-temperature activated gas continuously turns back to penetrate the material layer to be fully contacted with the material, so that the activated gas and the material flow in a cross-flow manner, the activation time of the active coke is shortened, and meanwhile, the performance of the active coke is good.

(2) The activated gas consumption is low, the energy consumption is low, and the coke making cost is low.

The activated gas and the activated material are subjected to penetrating activation, the activation reaction is more complete, the utilization rate of the activated gas is high, the required activated steam amount of the system is small and is only 10-20% of the activated gas amount of the traditional Sieve furnace, the energy consumption for coke production is low, and the cost for coke production is low.

(3) The raw material adaptability of the coke oven is good

According to different coke making raw materials, different particle size, columnar or unshaped raw material specifications, the temperature of a carbonization section and an activation section in the coke making furnace can be adjusted by adjusting the supplementary air amount, different penetrating activation effects can be realized by adjusting the pressure and the temperature of the activation gas, the carbonization and the activation time can be controlled by adjusting the blanking speed, good activation effects can be obtained by penetrating activation, finally active coke with developed pores can be prepared, and the coke making furnace raw material adaptability is good.

(4) Adopts mixed active gas components, the temperature of the active gas is constant, and the activity Jiao Kongxi is developed

Because the activation process is an endothermic reaction, each time the activated gas penetrates through a material layer, air combustion is supplemented, the temperature of the high-temperature activated gas is kept constant, carbon dioxide is generated after the activated water gas is combusted, the water vapor and the carbon dioxide form a mixed activated gas component activation material layer, the activity Jiao Weikong and macropores prepared by activating the mixed gas are developed, and the activated coke performance is good.

(5) Carbonization and activation integrated furnace, small equipment occupation area and large yield

The carbonization section and the activation section are communicated from top to bottom, raw coal particles can be carbonized and activated by means of dead weight in one step to obtain active coke with developed pores, the carbonization and activation processes are completed in the furnace body at the same time, the structural layout of the integrated furnace hearth is compact, the occupied area of the system is obviously reduced, the coke making efficiency is high, the yield is high, and the equipment investment cost is low.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a shaped tile according to one embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a shaped brick according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a shaped brick according to yet another embodiment of the present application along a direction between a second sidewall and a blanking ramp.

Fig. 4 is a simple structural schematic of a coke oven according to one embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a partial perspective view of a coke oven according to one embodiment of the application.

Fig. 6 is a front view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a right side view of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a simplified structure of a horizontal cross section of an activation section of a coke oven according to one embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a side view of three penetrating activation layers in a bottom-up continuous distribution of activation stages of a coke oven according to one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a side view of an inlet plenum and an outlet plenum of an activation section of a coke oven according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 12 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of a coke oven system according to one embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a coke oven; 2-a secondary combustion furnace; 3-a heat exchange chamber; 4-a first heat exchanger; 5-a second heat exchanger; 6-an air preheater; 7-a water supply pump; 8-a blower; 9-a steam superheater; 10-induced draft fan; 11-chimney; 12-a cooling water circulating pump; 100-special-shaped bricks; 101-a body; 102-a first sidewall; 103-a second sidewall; 104-a third sidewall; 105-step; 1051-a first end face; 1052-a second end face; 106-filling part; 107-blanking inclined plane; 108-a blanking groove; 109-groove; 200-an activation section; 201-a first material channel; 2011-fourth side wall; 2012-fifth side walls; 202-a first flue; 203-an activated gas inlet; 204-penetrating the active layer; 2041-sealing segments; 2042-a ventilation segment; 2043-closing profiled blocks; 2044-penetrating special-shaped bricks; 205-inlet plenum; 206-outlet plenum; 207-an oxygen supplementing combustion port of the activation section; 300-carbonization section; 301-a second material channel; 3011-sixth sidewalls; 3012-seventh sidewalls; 302-a carbonization section flue gas outlet; 303-a second flue; 304-an oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section; 305-heat-resistant brick with through holes; 400-cooling section; 401-cooling pipes; 500-feeding holes; 600-active coke outlet; 700-a pass-through minimum activation unit; 800-a first penetration activation layer; 801-a first through-the-activation layer inlet plenum; 802-a first penetrating activation layer outlet plenum; 900-a second penetration activation layer; 901-a second through-the-activation layer inlet plenum; 902-a second through-the-activation layer outlet plenum; 1000-a third penetration activation layer; 1001-a third through-the-activation layer inlet plenum; 1002-third penetrative activation layer exit plenum.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, are described in detail below. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

The shaped brick, the coke oven system, and the like according to the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a shaped tile according to one embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, the shaped brick of the embodiment of the present application includes a body 101, a filling portion 106, and a groove 109; the body 101 comprises a first side wall 102, a second side wall 103 and a third side wall 104 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first side wall 102, the second side wall 103 and the third side wall 104 form a U shape, and one ends of the first side wall 102 and the third side wall 104 far away from the second side wall 103 are respectively provided with a step part 105; the filling part 106 is integrally arranged in the body 101, the filling part 106 is provided with a blanking inclined plane 107, one end of the blanking inclined plane 107 is adjacent to the third side wall 104, and the other end is adjacent to the step part 105; a space is reserved between one end of the blanking inclined surface 107, which is close to the step part 105, and one end of the step part 105, which is far away from the second side wall 103, and the area among the blanking inclined surface 107, the first side wall 102 and the third side wall 104 forms a blanking groove 108; a groove 109 is provided between the second side wall 103 and the blanking slope 107, and the groove 109 penetrates the first side wall 102, the filling portion 106, and the third side wall 104.

The special-shaped brick is provided with the groove, the step part and the blanking inclined plane with a gap between the step part, the blanking inclined plane is convenient for materials to slide downwards in the use process, and the step part is convenient for connecting two special-shaped bricks which are oppositely arranged and forms a zigzag blanking channel; the grooves can be used for fluid channels, profiled brick installation, etc.

In some embodiments, the first side wall 102, the second side wall 103 and the third side wall 104 are all cuboid or cube-shaped solid structures with planar surfaces, and two end surfaces of the three coplanar surfaces are flush, including but not limited to being arranged in parallel with a horizontal plane or a vertical plane. The depth consistency of the grooves at all positions can be guaranteed, the grooves are used for fluid channels, the fluid flow is more stable, the blanking resistance of the blanking groove is smaller, meanwhile, due to the structural design, a plurality of special-shaped bricks are convenient to assemble to form a brick wall, and the stability can be improved. In other embodiments, if the inner and outer surfaces of the body, which are located on the U-shaped structure, are provided with cambered surfaces or protrusions on the plane, the stability of the plurality of special-shaped bricks is slightly poor, especially when the two adjacent special-shaped bricks are assembled in a back-to-back manner. In still other embodiments, the body and filler may be hollow, thus reducing weight, but not as solid as stability.

In some embodiments, the angle of the blanking ramp 107 to the plane of the groove 109 is obtuse, including but not limited to between 110-135 °, such as 110 °, 115 °, 120 °, 125 °, 130 °, or 135 °. The included angle between the blanking inclined plane 107 and the plane of the groove 109 is in the range, so that blanking can be facilitated, the blanking speed is moderate, and activation gas can be facilitated to perform activation contact on materials; the angle is smaller than 110 degrees, and the blanking is too fast; the angle is too large, and the blanking speed is too slow.

In some embodiments, the configuration of the blanking ramp 107 includes, but is not limited to, a planar surface (as shown in fig. 1) or a cambered surface at both ends and a planar surface in the middle (as shown in fig. 2).

In some embodiments, the shape of the groove includes, but is not limited to, a regular shape such as semi-cylindrical (as shown in fig. 1, 2), cuboid, cube, prism, and the like, and combinations thereof; in other embodiments, the shape of the groove may also be an irregular shape (as shown in fig. 3, the longitudinal section of the groove is a combination of an arc shape and a right trapezoid shape).

In some embodiments, the step 105 includes a first end surface 1051 and a second end surface 1052 disposed in sequence from a side proximate to the second sidewall 103 to a side distal from the second sidewall 103. In some embodiments, the spacing between the end of the blanking ramp 107 immediately adjacent the step 105 and the end of the step 105 remote from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end face 1052) may be greater than the distance between the first end face 1051 and the second end face 1052. In other embodiments, the spacing between the end of the blanking ramp 107 immediately adjacent the step 105 and the end of the step 105 remote from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end face 1052) is less than the distance between the first end face 1051 and the second end face 1052. In still other embodiments, the spacing between the end of the blanking ramp 107 immediately adjacent the step 105 and the end of the step 105 remote from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end face 1052) may be equal to the distance between the first end face 1051 and the second end face 1052. That is, the end of the blanking ramp 107 adjacent to the step 105 may be located between the second side wall 103 and the first end surface 1051, or may be located at the position of the first end surface 1051, or may be located between the first end surface 1051 and the second end surface 1052. Thus, when the two special bricks are oppositely arranged, the two blanking inclined planes are opposite, and are connected in a matched manner through the respective step parts, a blanking channel from top to bottom can be formed between the two blanking inclined planes.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the surface of the filling portion 106 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the third side wall 104 provided with the groove 109, and the end face of the blanking ramp 107 immediately adjacent to one end of the step portion 105 are disposed flush. As a non-limiting example, when the blanking slot is open to the right, the bottoms and tops of the first side wall 102, the second side wall 102 and the third side wall 104 are respectively flush, the top of the blanking slope is flush with the top of the first side wall 102 (i.e., flush with the top of the body, and the bottom of the blanking slope 107 is flush with the bottom of the first side wall 102 (i.e., flush with the bottom of the body, as shown in FIG. 1). As such, the depth of the grooves at all places can be ensured to be consistent, and the fluid flow is more stable, and simultaneously, the top of the blanking slope is flush with the top of the body, so that the material can be facilitated to smoothly enter the blanking slot along the blanking slope, the material is prevented from being blocked into the part between the blanking slope and the second side wall, and the part between the first side wall and the third side wall below the blanking slope can be prevented from being blocked into the blanking slope.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the surface of the filling portion 106 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109, and the surface of the third side wall 104 provided with the groove 109 are flush, and a space is left between the end surface of the blanking slope 107 adjacent to one end of the step portion 105 and the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109. As a non-limiting example, when the blanking slot is open to the right, the bottoms and tops of the first, second and third sidewalls 102, 104 are respectively flush, the blanking ramp top is flush with the top of the first sidewall 102, the height of the blanking ramp 107 is less than the height of the first sidewall 102, and a space is left between the bottom of the blanking ramp 107 and the bottom of the first sidewall 102 (as shown in fig. 3 and 10). In this case, compared with the aforementioned flush situation, in the case that the blanking slope length is fixed, the angle of inclination of the blanking slope is larger, the space for forming the blanking channel outside the blanking groove is correspondingly increased, the size of the groove can be made as large as possible, when the installation structure as shown in fig. 9 is adopted, more activated gas is facilitated to enter, but at the same time, the risk that the material is blocked into the part between the first side wall and the third side wall below the blanking slope is correspondingly increased.

In some embodiments, the blanking inclined plane 107 is closely attached to the second side wall at one end of the second side wall 103, and the blanking inclined plane extends to the end surface of the second side wall (as shown in fig. 1, the tops of the blanking inclined plane and the second side wall are flush), so that the blanking inclined plane can be set as long as possible under the condition that the distance between the second side wall 104 and the second end surface 1052 of the step part 105 is constant and the height of the blanking inclined plane is constant, the material circulation path is prolonged, and when the installation structure as shown in fig. 10 is adopted, the circulation path of the activated gas in the material layer in the blanking inclined plane can be ensured as long as possible, so that the activation is more sufficient. In other embodiments, the blanking ramp 107 is spaced from the end of the second sidewall 103 adjacent to the second sidewall, and extends to the end of the second sidewall (as shown in fig. 3, where the tops of the two are flush), and in the case that the second sidewall 103 is spaced from the second end 1052 and the blanking ramp has a certain height, the recess may be sized as large as possible, although the blanking ramp length is reduced, so that more activated gas is advantageously introduced when the mounting structure as shown in fig. 10 is used.

In the present application, the connection method between the main body 101 and the filling portion 106 is not limited, as long as the relative positions of the two are fixed. For example, in some embodiments, the connection between the body 101 and the filler 106 includes, but is not limited to, integral molding, welding, and the like. Compared with the prior art, the method of integral molding is easier to process, the connection strength of the body and the filling part is higher, and the overall stability of the special-shaped brick is improved.

In some embodiments, to allow the shaped brick to be used in high temperature environments, such as active coke production, etc., the material of the body 101 and the filler 106 are both heat resistant materials, including but not limited to silicon carbide, clay, corundum, etc.

In this application, for example, as shown in fig. 1, if the z direction is the height direction, the x direction is the length direction, and the y direction is the width direction in the coordinate system, the ratio of the height, the length, and the width of the shaped brick includes but is not limited to (1-5): (1-5): (1-5), for example, the ratio of the height, length and width of the shaped brick may include, but is not limited to, 1:1: 1. 5:3: 3. 4:3: 2. 5:5:4 or 4:3:5, etc. By way of non-limiting example, the shaped tiles have a height, length and width of between 100 and 500, such as a height of 500mm, a length of 400mm and a width of 300mm.

The special-shaped brick of the embodiment of the application can be singly used or used in a plurality of modes.

When the special-shaped brick is used singly, the special-shaped brick can be enlarged according to the requirement and used for feeding materials such as a feed bin and a coke making furnace, and materials can fall into a target position along a blanking inclined plane, and the groove can be used for fixing the special-shaped brick in a mounting groove on the device such as the feed bin and the coke making furnace, such as a part for inserting a bolt or a part for clamping the special-shaped brick with the feed bin and the coke making furnace. When the bottom of the blanking inclined plane and the bottom of the first side wall are spaced, the grooves can be used for synchronously introducing corresponding fluid media such as gas and the like into the storage bin, the coke oven and the like.

When a plurality of the discharging tanks are used, the case that the discharging tanks are opened to the right and the case that the discharging tanks are opened to the left is taken as an example: the special-shaped bricks with rightward openings of the material dropping groove can be arrayed from bottom to top to form a side wall, so that the openings of all the special-shaped bricks are rightward; the special-shaped bricks with left openings of the material dropping groove are also arrayed from bottom to top to form another side wall, so that the openings of all the special-shaped bricks are left; a blanking channel is formed between two side walls, wherein a space can be reserved between two special-shaped bricks corresponding to the positions on the two side walls or the two special-shaped bricks are connected through step parts in a clamping mode, and for two adjacent special-shaped bricks belonging to the same row on the same side wall, grooves of the upper special-shaped bricks are communicated with blanking grooves of the lower special-shaped bricks, and therefore fluid such as gas entering from the grooves can infiltrate materials in the blanking channel.

The special-shaped brick is used for the coke oven of the embodiment of the application, such as a feed inlet of the coke oven, a side wall component unit of a carbonization section material channel (a groove can be used as a discharge outlet of material channel smoke), a component unit of an activation section material channel side wall (a material channel can be used as an inlet and an outlet of activation gas), a component unit of a furnace body side wall (the groove can be closed or not), and the like.

As a non-limiting example, as shown in fig. 4-8, the coke oven comprises a oven body, an activation section 200 is arranged in the oven body, and the activation section 200 comprises at least two first material channels 201, a first flue 202 arranged at the periphery of the first material channels 201 and an activation gas inlet 203; the side walls of the first channel 201 include the shaped tiles 100 of the embodiments of the present application, and grooves of the shaped tiles can be used for the entry and exit of the activating gas into and out of the first channel.

In some embodiments, two opposite side walls of the first material channel 201 are shaped as the shaped bricks in the embodiments of the present application, and the openings of the shaped brick blanking grooves on the two side walls are opposite, and the specific connection manner is as described above, which is not described herein. Thus, the material can pass through the blanking channel formed by the blanking grooves between the two side walls along the zigzag shape from top to bottom, and the activated gas can enter from the groove of one side wall and flow out from the groove of the other side wall.

In other embodiments, the first material channel 201 includes a plurality of penetrating activation layers 204 sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the fourth side wall 2011 and the fifth side wall 2012 of the first material channel 201 corresponding to the penetrating activation layers 204 each include the shaped brick 100, and the fourth side wall 2011 and the fifth side wall 2012 are disposed opposite to each other; one side of the penetrating activation layer 204 is communicated with an inlet air chamber 205, and the other side is communicated with an outlet air chamber 206; adjacent two penetrating activation layers 204, and an outlet air chamber 206 of the penetrating activation layer 204 positioned below is communicated with an inlet air chamber 205 of the penetrating activation layer 204 positioned above; an activation section oxygen supplementing combustion port 207 is arranged in the outlet air chamber 206; all the inlet air chambers 205 and the outlet air chambers 206 are arranged in the first flue 207, the inlet air chambers 205 are communicated with the activated gas inlet 203, and the outlet air chambers 206 are communicated with the first flue 207. Thus, the activated gas enters from one side of the penetrating activation layer and flows out from the other side, and the material is fully contacted with the activated gas, so that the activation effect is good; meanwhile, the activated gas at the lower penetrating activation layer flows out and is combusted by oxygen supplementing, the heat of the activation section is maintained, and meanwhile, the combusted mixed gas is heated, enters the penetrating activation layer at the upper part from the same side and contacts with materials, so that the penetrating activation is carried out on the penetrating activation layer at the upper part, and the like, and for a single first material channel, the activated gas alternately enters each penetrating activation layer from the opposite two sides from bottom to top, and the materials in the first material channel are subjected to multiple penetrating activation, so that the utilization rate of the activated gas is high, the coke making energy consumption is low, and the coke making cost is low.

In some embodiments, the number of penetrating activation layers includes, but is not limited to, 3-15, including, but not limited to, 3, 5, 10, or 15, for example. The number of the penetrating activation layers is within the range, so that the activation gas in the activation section can alternately penetrate through the material layers of each penetrating activation layer, and the activation effect is good.

In some embodiments, the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012 corresponding to the penetrating activation layer 204 each include a sealing section 2041 and a venting section 2042 sequentially disposed from top to bottom. The sealing section 2041 is composed of at least 1 layer of sealing special-shaped bricks 2043 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the ventilation section 2042 is composed of at least three layers of penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sealing special-shaped bricks 2043 and the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 are all special-shaped bricks 100 of the embodiment, and grooves 109 of the sealing special-shaped bricks 2043 are sealed. The closed special-shaped brick has the function of preventing the short circuit of the activated gas, and the short circuit is directly caused from the inlet of one layer of air chamber to the inlet of the other layer of air chamber without penetrating through the material layer, so that the activation is uneven and the effect is poor. The number of layers of the closed shaped brick 2043 includes, but is not limited to, 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, etc., and the number of layers penetrating the shaped brick 2044 includes, but is not limited to, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, etc. The number of layers of the closed shaped brick 2043 and the number of layers of the penetrating shaped brick 2044 are both related to the height of the shaped brick of the embodiments of the present application. On the premise that the height of the special-shaped brick is certain, the number of layers of the closed special-shaped brick 2043 is too large, so that the height of a penetrating activation layer is increased, the height of the whole activation section is increased, a furnace body is increased, the cost is increased, and the number of times that activated gas penetrates through a material layer horizontally is reduced under the condition that the height of the penetrating activation layer is certain, so that the closed special-shaped brick 2043 is comprehensively considered, and the range is selected more appropriately; on the premise of a certain penetrating special-shaped brick height, the penetrating special-shaped brick 2044 layers are too few, so that the penetrating activated material layer height is low, the coke oven yield is low, and the too many penetrating special-shaped bricks cause too little steam quantity of each layer and the activation effect is poor.

In some embodiments, the closed shaped tile 2043 and the blanking chamfer 107 penetrating the shaped tile 2044 are both disposed toward the center of the first chute 201. It is understood that, in the present application, the sealing shaped brick 2043 and the blanking inclined plane 107 penetrating through the shaped brick 2044 are all disposed towards the center of the first material channel 201, that is, their respective blanking grooves are disposed opposite to each other, and a blanking channel is formed between the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall, only the activated gas can circulate in the groove of the ventilation section and move from top to bottom through the blanking channel, and the sealing section cannot circulate through the groove of the sealing section due to the sealing arrangement of the groove, and can only be transferred from bottom to top along the blanking channel. Thus, the seal segment in this application is a relative seal that blocks the flow of the activating gas along the grooves, but does not block the flow of the activating gas and material along the blanking passage.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 9, the fourth side wall 2011 and the fifth side wall 2012, wherein the grooves 109 of all of the penetrating tiles 2044 of one corresponding ventilation segment 2042 are in communication with the inlet plenum 205, and the grooves 109 of all of the penetrating tiles 2044 of the other corresponding ventilation segment 2042 are in communication with the outlet plenum 206. As shown in FIG. 11, the outlet air chambers of the upper and lower adjacent air sections communicate with the inlet air chamber of the corresponding lower air section, so that the activated gas alternately penetrates through each penetrating activation layer from two sides.

In some embodiments, in each penetrating activation layer 204, the grooves 109 on the side adjacent to the sealing section 2041 are in communication with the blanking grooves 108 on the side remote from the sealing section 2041 in two penetrating profiled bricks 2044 on the fourth side wall 2011 or the fifth side wall 2012, which are located on the same column and are adjacent to each other. This ensures that the activating gas from the recess 109 on the side immediately adjacent the sealing section 2041 enters and penetrates the material in the blanking slot 108 on the side remote from the sealing section 2041, ensuring the activating effect.

In some embodiments, in each penetrating activation layer 204, two penetrating profiled bricks 2044 or closing profiled bricks 2043 on the fourth side wall 2011 and the fifth side wall 2012 corresponding to each other are arranged in a staggered manner, and are fixedly connected by a step 105 in a sealing manner to form a penetrating minimum activation unit 700 (as shown in fig. 8). Therefore, a zigzag blanking channel can be formed in the first material channel, so that the material moves along a zigzag path from top to bottom and is fully contacted with the activating gas, and the activating effect is improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, two adjacent first lanes 201 are abutted by a fourth sidewall 2011 and a fifth sidewall 2012. Because each first material way does not have material exchange, gas circulation etc., the space of the activation section can be fully utilized in such setting, sets up as many first material ways as possible, improves the compactibility of structure simultaneously. In some embodiments, all grooves 109 penetrating the tile 2044 on the fourth side wall 2011 or fifth side wall 2012 at the same height communicate, and both ends thereof communicate with the inlet plenum 205 or the outlet plenum 206. This may facilitate the inflow of the activation gas from the inlet plenum on both sides, or the outflow from both sides.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-8, a carbonization section 300 is further arranged in the furnace body, and the carbonization section 300 is arranged above the activation section 200; the carbonization section 300 comprises a plurality of second material channels 301 and a carbonization section flue gas outlet 302, each second material channel 301 is communicated with one first material channel 201, and the two material channels are opposite to each other, so that the material from the carbonization section can fall into the activation section by means of self weight. The parts between two adjacent second material channels 301 and between a plurality of second material channels 301 and the inner wall of the furnace body form a second flue 303, and the second flue 303 is communicated with a carbonization section flue gas outlet 302; the second flue 303, a plurality of second material channels 301 and the first flue 202 are communicated; the second flue 303 is internally provided with a carbonization section oxygen supplementing combustion port 304, so that the flue gas of the activation section enters the second flue of the carbonization section and is combusted with the supplemented air together with the flue gas of the carbonization section, and the heat is used for maintaining the temperature of the carbonization section.

It should be noted that, the carbonization section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 304 and the activation section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 207 may be air injection lines or oxygen injection lines connected to an external air source or oxygen source, and the structure may be an air injection pipe or an oxygen injection pipe simply connected with a plurality of nozzles, or may be a structure of an existing ammonia injection grid, and only the injection gas is replaced with air or oxygen. The structures of the carbonization section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 304 and the activation section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 207 may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, the second material channel 301 has a sixth side wall 3011 and a seventh side wall 3012 that are opposite to each other, and the sixth side wall 3011 and the seventh side wall 3012 each use a heat-resistant brick 305 with a through hole, so that smoke generated in the second material channel can enter the second flue. In some embodiments, the through holes are obliquely arranged from top to bottom from the second flue to the center of the second material channel, so that the smoke circulation effect can be improved.

In some embodiments, the activated gas inlet 203 is located at the bottom of the activation section 200, so as to ensure that the activated gas contacts and activates the material moving from top to bottom in a countercurrent manner, thereby improving the activation effect. The fume outlet 302 of the carbonization section is positioned at the bottom of the carbonization section 300, so that the fume in the second flue flows from top to bottom, the second material channel is fully heated, and the heat of the carbonization section is supplemented.

In some embodiments, a cooling section 400 is further provided in the furnace body, the cooling section 400 being in communication with the activation section 200; the cooling section 400 is provided with cooling pipes 401. The cooling section may cool the material from the activation section, the cooling tube may be selected from cooling coils, etc. The furnace body is provided with a feed inlet 500 and an active coke outlet 600; the feed inlet 500 is arranged at the top of the furnace body and is used for allowing raw coal particles to enter the carbonization section; the active coke outlet 600 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and is used for collecting the cooled active coke to obtain an active coke product.

The operation method of the coke oven comprises the following steps:

the activated gas containing water vapor enters the inlet plenum 205 of the lower penetrating activation layer 204 of the adjacent two penetrating activation layers 204;

the activated gas entering the inlet plenum 205 of the underlying penetrative activation layer 204 is equally divided into the grooves 109 of the multi-layer penetrative shaped tile 2044 on one side of the penetrative activation layer 204;

the activating gas is activated in each layer of penetrating profiled brick 2044 and simultaneously penetrates through the material layer in first material channel 201, and generates water gas;

the water gas is discharged from the grooves 109 of the multilayer penetrating profiled brick 2044 positioned on the other side of the penetrating activation layer 204, and then enters the outlet air chamber 206 of the penetrating activation layer 204 for oxygen supplementing combustion, and the temperature of the activation gas is maintained while the heat of the activation section 200 is supplemented;

the mixed gas after the oxygen-enriched combustion vertically enters the inlet air chamber 205 of the next penetrating activation layer 204 upwards, and the penetrating activation is performed on the next penetrating activation layer 204.

Wherein, in the first material channel 201, the material moves from top to bottom along a zigzag path.

Wherein the pressure of the activated gas for the penetrating activation ranges from 0.05 to 0.5MPa, including but not limited to 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa or 0.5MPa. The pressure of the penetration type activation is selected in the range, so that a good penetration type activation effect can be obtained; if the pressure is less than 0.05MPa, the resistance of the bed layer cannot be overcome, and the activated gas cannot penetrate through the bed layer; if the pressure is more than 0.5MPa, the pressure is too high, the pressure in the furnace is too high, and the leakage risk is increased.

Wherein the activation temperature of the activation section 200 is between 750-850 ℃, including but not limited to 770 ℃, 790 ℃, 810 ℃, or 830 ℃. The activation temperature is selected in the above range, so that the optimal activation effect can be obtained; the activation reaction rate is slow and the activation effect is poor when the temperature is less than 750 ℃; above 850 ℃, the activation reaction is strong, and the pores are excessively activated, so that the pores collapse.

In some embodiments, the method of operating a coke oven may further include a carbonization reaction process, specifically including: raw coal particles enter the carbonization section 300 to carry out carbonization reaction, and pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue 303 to be subjected to oxygen supplementing combustion for maintaining the temperature of the carbonization section 300. Wherein, the raw coal particles can be selected from bituminous coal or anthracite coal, etc.

In some embodiments, the method of operating a coke oven further comprises the step of exiting the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section 300 after the activation section 200 flue gas merges with the carbonization section 300 flue gas.

As a possible example, as shown in fig. 10, the coke oven activation section is provided with three penetrating activation layers 204, which are sequentially defined as a first penetrating activation layer 800, a second penetrating activation layer 900 and a third penetrating activation layer 1000 from bottom to top, the inlet air chamber corresponding to the first penetrating activation layer 800 is the first penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 801, the outlet air chamber corresponding to the first penetrating activation layer 800 is the first penetrating activation layer outlet air chamber 802, the inlet air chamber corresponding to the second penetrating activation layer 900 is the second penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 901, the outlet air chamber corresponding to the second penetrating activation layer 900 is the second penetrating activation layer outlet air chamber 902, the inlet air chamber corresponding to the third penetrating activation layer 1000 is the third penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 1001 (as shown in fig. 9 and 11), and the outlet air chamber corresponding to the third penetrating activation layer 1000 is the third penetrating activation layer outlet air chamber 1002, so that the coke oven of the present application operates as follows:

Raw coal particles sequentially pass through a second material channel of a carbonization section, a first material channel of an activation section and a cooling section of the coke making furnace 1 from top to bottom, and finished active coke is discharged from the bottom of the coke making furnace; the pyrolysis gas generated by carbonization of the materials in the carbonization section enters the second flue from the heat-resistant through hole with the through hole, and is combusted by the supplemented air, and the heat is used for maintaining the temperature of the carbonization section; in the activation section, high-temperature steam enters a first penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 801 from the bottom of the activation section of the coke oven, then enters a plurality of layers of activating gas channels (namely grooves) penetrating through the special-shaped bricks on one side (on the fourth side wall) at the same time, after each layer penetrates through the special-shaped bricks and is activated at the same time, the activating gas channel penetrating through the special-shaped bricks on the other side (on the fifth side wall) is discharged, and then enters a first penetrating activation layer outlet air chamber 802, air is supplemented through an oxygen supplementing combustion port, generated water gas is combusted by the outlet air chamber, and mixed gas vertically enters a second penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 901 to start second penetrating activation, then penetrates through activation, afterburning combustion and enters a third penetrating activation layer inlet air chamber 1001 to start third penetrating activation, and the heat of afterburning combustion is used for supplementing the heat of the activation section and maintaining the temperature of the activating gas. And the flue gas of the activation section and the flue gas of the carbonization section are converged and then discharged from a flue gas outlet at the bottom of the carbonization section of the coke oven. Wherein, in the first material channel 201, the material moves from top to bottom along a zigzag path; the pressure of the activated gas for the penetrating activation ranges between 0.1 and 0.5MPa, including but not limited to 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, or 0.5MPa. The activation temperature of the activation section 200 is between 750-850 ℃, including but not limited to 770 ℃, 790 ℃, 810 ℃, or 830 ℃.

The coke oven system of the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 12, comprises a coke oven 1, a secondary combustion chamber 2, a heat exchange chamber 3 and a steam superheater 9, wherein the coke oven 1 is the coke oven of the embodiment of the application; the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace 2 is communicated with a carbonization section flue gas outlet 302; the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber 3 is communicated with the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace 2, a first heat exchanger 4, a second heat exchanger 5 and an air preheater 6 are arranged in the heat exchange chamber 3, the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchanger 5, the inlet of the second heat exchanger 5 is communicated with a water feeding pump 7, the inlet of the air preheater 6 is communicated with a blower 8, and the outlet of the air preheater 6 is communicated with an activation section oxygen supplementing combustion port 207 and a carbonization section oxygen supplementing combustion port 304; the inlet of the steam superheater 9 is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the steam superheater 9 is connected to the activated gas inlet 203.

The coke oven system of the embodiment of the application can be used for heating the post-combustion air of the carbonization section and the activation section after removing pollutants such as tar and the like from the secondary combustion of the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section of the coke oven, heating water supply to generate activated gas steam, carrying out flue gas waste heat utilization, improving the energy utilization rate and saving the cost.

In some embodiments, the coke oven system further comprises an induced draft fan 10, wherein an inlet of the induced draft fan 10 is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber 3, and an outlet of the induced draft fan 10 is communicated with a chimney 11. The induced draft fan can indirectly form a negative pressure environment in the carbonization section of the coke oven, so that the flue gas of the carbonization section, such as tar, is conveniently carried out and discharged out of the oven body for secondary combustion.

In some embodiments, the coke oven system further comprises a cooling water circulation pump 12, an outlet of the cooling water circulation pump 12 being in communication with an inlet of the cooling tube 401 for providing cooling medium to the cooling stage for cooling the material from the activation stage.

The operation method of the coke oven system comprises the following steps:

secondary combustion is carried out on the flue gas from the flue gas outlet 302 of the carbonization section of the coke oven to remove tar, and then the flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber 3;

the flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber 3 respectively heats water from the water feed pump 7 and air from the air preheater 6 to generate steam and hot air;

the steam is superheated by the steam superheater 9 and then enters the coke oven activation section 200 as activation gas;

part of the hot air enters the activation section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 207, and the other part enters the carbonization section oxygen-supplementing combustion port 304.

It should be noted that, the operation method of the coke oven system in the embodiment of the present application further includes an operation method of a coke oven, but the operation method of the coke oven is consistent with the operation method of the coke oven in the foregoing embodiment of the present application, and is not described herein again.

In summary, the coke oven according to the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages:

(1) The consumption of activated gas is low, and the cost of coke production is low.

Unlike the traditional coke making furnace, the activated gas is in contact activation with the outer side of the material, and as a plurality of penetrating activation layers distributed from top to bottom are arranged, the activated gas is in full contact with the material, and the penetrating activation is carried out for a plurality of times, so that the utilization rate of the activated gas is high, the energy consumption for coke making is low, and the cost for coke making is low;

(2) The components of the activated gas are mixed and the temperature is constant.

When the activating gas penetrates through the material layer once, air is supplemented for combustion, the temperature of the activating gas is kept constant, meanwhile, carbon dioxide is generated by combustion of activating water gas, and the activating gas activates the material layer together by water vapor and carbon dioxide.

(3) The penetration activation and the raw material adaptability are good.

The penetrating activation is adopted, the usable range of the thickness of the material layer is large, and the requirements on the particle size and the shape of the raw material are low, so that active coke with different particle sizes and different shapes can be prepared.

(4) The penetration activation is good, the activation effect is good, and the yield is high.

The material is contacted with the activating gas in a cross flow way, the contact is sufficient, the activating gas penetrates through the material layer, the activating effect is good, and the yield of the prepared active coke is high.

(5) And the carbonization and activation integrated furnace is vertically arranged.

The coke making furnace adopts vertical arrangement, materials are carbonized and activated sequentially by gravity, and the carbonization and activation integrated furnace has small occupied area and compact structure.

The operation method of the coke making furnace, the coke making furnace system and the operation method of the coke making furnace system have the beneficial effects of the coke making furnace.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

The terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., in this application, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.

Claims (21)

1. A shaped tile, comprising:

the body comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall form a U shape, and one ends of the first side wall and the third side wall, which are far away from the second side wall, are respectively provided with a step part;

The filling part is integrally arranged in the body and is provided with a blanking inclined plane, one end of the blanking inclined plane is adjacent to the third side wall, and the other end of the blanking inclined plane is adjacent to the step part; a space is reserved between one end of the blanking inclined plane, which is close to the step part, and one end of the step part, which is far away from the second side wall, and a blanking groove is formed in the area among the blanking inclined plane, the first side wall and the third side wall;

the groove is arranged between the second side wall and the blanking inclined plane, and penetrates through the first side wall, the filling part and the third side wall.

2. The shaped brick of claim 1 wherein the angle between the drop bevel and the plane of the recess is an obtuse angle.

3. The shaped brick of claim 2 wherein the angle between the blanking ramp and the plane of the recess is between 110 ° and 135 °.

4. The shaped brick of claim 1 wherein the tile is shaped,

the surface of the filling part provided with the groove, the surface of the first side wall provided with the groove and the surface of the third side wall provided with the groove are flush; the end face of the blanking inclined plane, which is close to one end of the step part, is flush with the surface of the first side wall, on which the groove is arranged, or a space is reserved between the end face and the surface;

And/or, the body and the filling part are integrally formed.

5. The shaped brick of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the material of the body and the filler is a heat resistant material.

6. A coke oven comprising a shaped brick according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The coke oven of claim 6 further comprising a furnace body having an activation section disposed therein, the activation section comprising at least two first material channels, a first flue disposed at a periphery of the first material channels, and an activation gas inlet;

the side wall of the first material channel comprises the special-shaped brick.

8. The coke oven of claim 7,

the first material channel comprises a plurality of penetrating activation layers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall of the first material channel corresponding to the penetrating activation layers respectively comprise the special bricks, and the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are oppositely arranged; one side of the penetrating activation layer is communicated with the inlet air chamber, and the other side is communicated with the outlet air chamber; adjacent two penetrating activation layers, and an outlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer positioned below is communicated with an inlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer positioned above; an activation section oxygen supplementing combustion port is arranged in the outlet air chamber; all the inlet air chambers and the outlet air chambers are arranged in the first flue, the inlet air chambers are communicated with the activated gas inlet, and the outlet air chambers are communicated with the first flue.

9. The coke oven of claim 8 wherein,

the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall corresponding to the penetrating activation layer respectively comprise a sealing section and a ventilation section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the sealing section consists of at least one layer of closed special-shaped bricks which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the ventilation section consists of at least three layers of penetrating special-shaped bricks which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks adopt special-shaped bricks according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the grooves of the closed special-shaped bricks are closed; the blanking inclined planes of the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks are all arranged towards the center of the first material channel;

the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks of one ventilation section corresponding to the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are communicated with the inlet air chamber, and the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks of the other ventilation section corresponding to the other ventilation section are communicated with the outlet air chamber.

10. The coke oven of claim 9 wherein in each of the through-going activation layers, the grooves on the side immediately adjacent to the sealing section are in communication with the blanking grooves on the side remote from the sealing section in two through-going shaped bricks on the same row, one on each of the fourth or fifth side walls.

11. The coke oven of claim 9 wherein,

in each penetrating activation layer, two penetrating special-shaped bricks or sealing special-shaped bricks corresponding to the positions on the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are arranged in a vertically staggered mode and are fixedly connected through the step part in a sealing mode.

12. The coke oven of claim 9 wherein,

two adjacent first material channels are tightly attached to each other through a fourth side wall and a fifth side wall;

all grooves penetrating the special-shaped bricks at the same height on the fourth side wall or the fifth side wall are communicated, and two ends of the grooves are communicated with the inlet air chamber or the outlet air chamber.

13. A coke oven according to any one of claims 7 to 12,

a carbonization section is also arranged in the furnace body, and the carbonization section is arranged above the activation section;

the carbonization section comprises a plurality of second material channels and a carbonization section flue gas outlet, each second material channel is communicated with one first material channel, and the two material channels are opposite to each other;

the parts between two adjacent second material channels and between a plurality of second material channels and the inner wall of the furnace body form second flues which are communicated with the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section; the second flue, a plurality of second material channels and the first flue are communicated; and an oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section is arranged in the second flue.

14. The coke oven of claim 13 wherein the second channel has sixth and seventh oppositely disposed side walls, each of the sixth and seventh side walls being a heat resistant brick with a through hole;

and/or the activated gas inlet is located at the bottom of the activation section; and the smoke outlet of the carbonization section is positioned at the bottom of the carbonization section.

And/or a cooling section is further arranged in the furnace body, and the cooling section is communicated with the activation section; the cooling section is provided with a cooling pipe.

15. A method of operating a coke oven as claimed in claim 13 or 14, comprising

The activated gas containing water vapor enters the inlet air chambers of the penetrating activation layers positioned below the two adjacent penetrating activation layers;

the activated gas entering the inlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer below uniformly enters the grooves of the multi-layer penetrating special-shaped bricks at one side of the penetrating activation layer;

the activation gas penetrates through the material layers in the first material channel simultaneously in each layer of penetrating profiled bricks for activation, and water gas is generated;

the water gas is discharged from the grooves of the multi-layer penetrating special-shaped bricks positioned on the other side of the penetrating activation layer, then enters an outlet air chamber of the penetrating activation layer for oxygen supplementing combustion, and the temperature of the activation gas is maintained while the heat of the activation section is supplemented;

And the mixed gas after the oxygen supplementing combustion vertically upwards enters an inlet air chamber of the next penetrating activation layer to perform penetrating activation on the next penetrating activation layer.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the material moves from top to bottom along a zig-zag path within the first channel;

and/or the pressure of the penetratively activated activating gas ranges from 0.05 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

17. The method of operating a coke oven of claim 15 further comprising

Raw coal particles enter a carbonization section to carry out carbonization reaction;

and pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue to be subjected to oxygen supplementing combustion for maintaining the temperature of the carbonization section.

18. The method of operating a coke oven of claim 15 further comprising

And the smoke of the activation section and the smoke of the carbonization section are converged and then discharged from a smoke outlet of the carbonization section.

19. A coke oven system, comprising

A coke oven as claimed in claim 13 or 14;

the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace is communicated with the smoke outlet of the carbonization section;

the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an air preheater are arranged in the heat exchange chamber, the inlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchanger, the inlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with a water supply pump, the inlet of the air preheater is communicated with a blower, and the outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the activation section and the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section;

And the inlet of the steam superheater is communicated with the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the outlet of the steam superheater is communicated with the activated gas inlet.

20. The coke oven system of claim 19, further comprising an induced draft fan having an inlet in communication with the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber and an outlet in communication with a chimney;

and/or the coke oven system further comprises a cooling water circulating pump, and an outlet of the cooling water circulating pump is communicated with an inlet of the cooling pipe.

21. A method of operating a coke oven system as claimed in claim 19 or 20 comprising

Removing tar from flue gas from a flue gas outlet of the carbonization section of the coke making furnace through secondary combustion, and then entering a heat exchange chamber;

the flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber respectively heats water from the water supply pump and air from the air preheater to generate water vapor and hot air;

the steam is overheated by a steam superheater and then enters an activation section of the coke oven as activation gas;

and one part of the hot air enters the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the activation section, and the other part of the hot air enters the oxygen supplementing combustion port of the carbonization section.

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