CN101830646B - Lime calcining method and star-shaped kiln device - Google Patents
Lime calcining method and star-shaped kiln device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101830646B CN101830646B CN2009100739084A CN200910073908A CN101830646B CN 101830646 B CN101830646 B CN 101830646B CN 2009100739084 A CN2009100739084 A CN 2009100739084A CN 200910073908 A CN200910073908 A CN 200910073908A CN 101830646 B CN101830646 B CN 101830646B
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/40—Production or processing of lime, e.g. limestone regeneration of lime in pulp and sugar mills
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- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lime calcining method and a star-shaped kiln device. In a calcining zone, fuel gas and combustion-supporting air enter a kiln body from a nozzle on one side of the kiln to burn and leave the kiln body from the other side after limestone is calcined; the nozzles on both sides run alternatively; in a preheating zone, hot air enters the kiln body from both sides and is sucked out from a pumping beam on the upper part after the limestone is preheated; in a cooling zone, cooling air enters the kiln body from one side, transversely flows through a lime layer and exits from the other side after the limestone is cooled; and after the lime is cooled in the cooling zone, hot air flows to the preheating zone to preheat a limestone material. The calcining zone of the device is provided with a high-temperature regenerative burner; and opposite kiln walls on both sides of the preheating band and the cooling band are provided with air holes corresponding to a gas collecting device in a respective region. The method and the device have the advantages of energy conservation and high processed lime quality. Simultaneously, the method and the device can be suitable for processing limestone materials with small particle sizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of calcining materials, relate in particular to a kind of method and apparatus of star-shaped kiln lime calcining.
Background technology
Lime and lightweight rhombspar etc. are important material of construction, also are important source material metallurgical, chemical field, and prior art is to be raw material with rhombspar, Wingdale, adopts the shaft furnace lime kilning of band burning beam.Such process has following defective, and furnace gas mobile direction and building stones mobile are in the opposite direction in the shaft furnace, and promptly building stones move from the top down; Furnace gas flows from bottom to top; The air resistance of building stones is big, and furnace pressure is high, occurs the gas segregation phenomenon easily; It is inhomogeneous to cause Wingdale to be heated, and influences quality product.The applicant the patent No. be the utility model patent of ZL200320111077.3 disclose a kind of in the external heating type limestone kiln; The firing system of this limestone kiln is provided with combustion tube of furnace beam and peripheral burner, and combustion tube of furnace beam is provided with burner (burner), efficiently solves the distribution of calcining zone flame and heat; Improved efficiency of combustion; But combustion tube of furnace beam need cool off the beam body with heat-eliminating medium in the course of the work, not only slatterns some heats, and has increased equipment cost and processing charges.Be unfavorable for the energy-conservation of stove.
" up-to-date lime production technology management and anti-pollution measure operation practice pandect " introduced a kind of cross-flow type shaft furnace (142～150 pages).This shaft furnace is made up of raw material supplying equipment, body of heater, combustion unit, heat exchanger, waste gas dedusting device.The characteristics of this technology are that heating chamber separates with calcining, and the flue gas that fuel produces after combustion chambers burn gets into calcining zone stone layer is calcined; High-temperature hot air in the cooling zone cool lime passes through interchanger and combustion air heat exchange.This technology and device thereof can be calcined less limestone material because Wingdale does not contact with flame, are difficult for producing burning, have improved quality product.But this technology still has its deficiency: 1. special combustion chamber need be arranged, and not easy to operate; 2. utilize the heat of warm air after the cool lime through interchanger, efficiency of combustion is low, has increased facility investment and process cost.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of lime calcining, makes gas transverse flow in the kiln body; Avoid occurring gas segregation, kiln body sodalime stone is heated evenly, improve the lime product quality; Another object of the present invention provides a kind of star-shaped kiln device; Make full use of high-temperature hot air preheating limestone material after the cool lime, save the energy, improve thermo-efficiency.
The method of lime calcining of the present invention does; Place kiln to be sintered into lime limestone material; Fuel gas and combustion air get into the kiln body from a side of calcining zone, and burning back flue gas transverse flow is left the kiln body from opposite side behind the calcined limestone; Both sides burner alternate run, or get into fuel and air or discharge flue gas.Freezing air gets into the kiln body from a side of cooling zone, and transverse flow is gone out from opposite side after the cool lime through lkd layer, and the warm air after the cooling zone cool lime leads to preheating zone preheating limestone material; Warm air gets into the kiln body from the both sides of preheating zone, and the Abgasabsaugung beam from top, preheating zone behind the preheating Wingdale is gone out.
For the present invention provides a kind of star-shaped kiln device, include kiln body, feeding unit, drawing mechanism, fuel system, air feed system and exhaust emission system.The kiln body is the shaft furnace structure, and the xsect of kiln body is a rectangle, divides preheating zone, calcining zone and cooling zone in the kiln body.Said top with the torrid zone is provided with an Abgasabsaugung beam at least; The both sides kiln wall that calcining zone is relative is equipped with one or more high-temperature thermal storage type burners respectively; In the said high-temperature thermal storage type burner heat storage is housed; Said burner is divided into fuel burner nozzle and air burner, and the air burner is connected with blowdown system with gas blower respectively through reversing valve, and fuel burner nozzle is connected with blowdown system with fuel gas line through reversing valve; The relative kiln wall in both sides, preheating zone is provided with one or more pores respectively, and the pore of every side is connected with gas extractor; The relative kiln wall in cooling zone both sides is provided with one or more pores respectively, and the pore of every side is connected with gas extractor, and said gas extractor is connected with the gas extractor of wind regime line or preheating zone air inlet port.
Said cooling zone is two districts, the gas extractor in two districts respectively through T-valve and blower fan be connected with the gas extractor of preheating zone through connecting pipeline, induced draft fan; Said connecting pipeline is the heat accumulating type pipeline, in the heat accumulating type pipeline heat storage is housed.Inlet as the selection scheme blower fan is connected to the fly-ash separator outlet; Also can be provided with the air inlet beam in the preheating zone, said air inlet beam is provided with inlet mouth, and inlet mouth is to lower opening or horizontal opening, and the air inlet beam must according to situation such as the working of a furnace, turnout, material performances.
Another program of the present invention does; Preheating zone and cooling zone are divided into two districts respectively, and top is the high-temperature zone, and the bottom is a cold zone; The gas extractor of the cold zone of said cooling zone is connected to the gas extractor of preheating zone cold zone through the low temperature induced draft fan; Said cooling zone high-temperature zone gas extractor is connected to the gas extractor of high-temperature zone, preheating zone through high temperature draught fan, and the gas extractor of cooling zone high-temperature zone is connected with blower fan respectively with the gas extractor of cold zone.
For avoiding limestone material to stop up burner, the downward-sloping installation in the kiln body of said high-temperature thermal storage type burner, with the angle of vertical line be 25～90 °.For burning evenly, said fuel burner nozzle and air burner are separation or separation side by side up and down.The high-temperature thermal storage type burner can be provided with the single row or multiple rows burner at the differentiated levels of kiln body according to the body of heater needs, can be provided with manyly to the high-temperature thermal storage type burner on every row, also can only establish a pair of.
As selection; Said calcining zone is provided with external at least one combustion chamber that is respectively equipped with of relative both sides kiln; The corresponding air burner in each combustion chamber and a fuel burner nozzle; Be communicated with in combustor exit and the kiln body, but situation such as the size of combustion chamber size based on fuel, the working of a furnace, turnout, kiln body and deciding can be established also and can not establish according to the practical situation combustion chamber.
For avoiding building stones descending in the kiln to stop up air inlet port, intake opening or production well or air outlet opening, the pore on said preheating zone and the cooling zone kiln wall is the perpendicular elongated gas porosity or the shape pore of growing crosswise, and does not get rid of the pore hole of other shape.For the preheating zone air inlet is evenly distributed, the air inlet side of said preheating zone and exhaust side kiln wall are respectively equipped with 1～16 venting hole, 1～16 pore of every row.In like manner the inlet side of said cooling zone and air draft side kiln wall are respectively equipped with 1～16 venting hole, 1～16 pore of every row.Pore size is rationally confirmed according to kiln body size, the working of a furnace, material situation etc.
Described star kiln device can be used and calcine the breathing shell, be used to produce direct reduction molten steel or similar blast furnace production blast-melted, be used for lime kilning or produce calcium carbide, be used to the production of producing sponge iron or being similar to above material.
Compared with prior art, building stones move from the top down in the kiln body, the gas transverse airflow flowing; Gas be heated or cooled that material is vertical to be contacted, in the calcination process, the distance between relative burner is short; Stone layer is thin, and rate of heating is fast, reduces the gas segregation phenomenon; Calcining is not influenced by refrigerative, the incinerating good product quality.Use heat-accumulating burner, through flue gas the time, heat storage is heated in the burner, during conversely through combustion gas or combustion air, emits heat preheated fuel gas and combustion air, and the discharged flue gas temperature is lower than 100-200 ℃; High-temperature hot air after the cooling section cool lime is to preheating section preheating limestone material, and the spent air temp that discharges is lower than 100-200 ℃, has effectively utilized preheating, has reduced energy expenditure and production cost.The present invention also can calcine the Wingdale of small grain size.The spent air temp that is discharged by the kiln body is very low, and it is rich in CO
2Concentration content is very high, and purifying carbon dioxide is used for intensive farming after udst separation, and becoming provides intensive farming CO
2The source, and can utilize different piece that agricultural crops refines agricultural crops as the carbonaceousmaterial of breathing in the shell technology.In addition, the present invention also has following advantage:
1, calcining zone and cooling zone and preheating zone are relatively independent; Establish the zero-pressure band on top, calcining zone zone; Make preheating zone, top induced draft fan very little to the influence of calcining section, have only the seldom interior gas entering preheating zone of calcining zone of a part, the gas in most of calcining zone all gets in the heat-accumulating burner of its furnace wall; Establish the homogeneous band between cooling zone and the calcining zone simultaneously; Make lime after the calcining, breathe material such as shell and be incubated at this, and have only seldom a part of gas to exchange between cooling zone and the calcining zone, the gas cooling of cooling zone flows to be influenced very little to calcining zone.
2, adopt the horizontal heat accumulating type heating of calcining zone, make the gas after the heating not get into preheating zone and cooling zone, and only in calcining zone, flow and discharge; The temperature of discharging is lower, has only the gas of less cooling zone or preheating zone to get into calcining zone, makes the calcining zone relative closure; Thereby make heating efficiency higher; Heats is better, makes material carry out uniform heating, and the heat-processed of calcining zone is better controlled.
3, the cooling of cooling zone employing level makes evaporation efficiency higher; Refrigerative gas gets into the preheating zone simultaneously; And get into the preheating induced draft fan at last; Connect cooling zone and preheating zone and be lined with the heat storage of can packing in the pipeline that is incubated anti-material, adopting alternately commutates makes the kiln discharge temperature of cooling zone material very low, makes the combustion gas temperature of preheating zone lower simultaneously.Made full use of the heat energy of cooling zone.
4, conduct is selected behind the induced draft fan of preheating zone, to extract gas in the kiln out, can be used for the cooling section cooling, and the interior gas of the kiln that preheating section is discharged contains CO
2Dense, needing can be used for high concentration CO
2The place.Owing to there is not unnecessary air admission cooling zone to cool off, make the gas behind the induced draft fan of preheating zone contain CO with calcining zone gas in the kiln that heat-accumulating burner is lowered the temperature
2Concentration all higher, needing can be used for high concentration CO
2The place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a star-shaped kiln device process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is spaced synoptic diagram side by side for the calcining zone heat-accumulating burner;
Fig. 3 is spaced synoptic diagram up and down for the calcining zone heat-accumulating burner;
Fig. 4 is a heat accumulating type pipeline diagrammatic cross-section;
Fig. 5 is calcining section cross-sectional view;
Fig. 6 is another program calcining zone cross-sectional view;
Fig. 7 arranges synoptic diagram for preheating zone/cooling zone shape pore of growing crosswise;
Fig. 8 is that the perpendicular elongated gas porosity of preheating zone/cooling zone is arranged synoptic diagram;
Fig. 9 is another program star-shaped kiln device process flow diagram of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a matrix heat storage synoptic diagram;
Figure 11 is a high-temperature thermal storage type burner dust blowback synoptic diagram.
Wherein:
The 1-ingredient conveyor; The 2-feeding unit; 3-kiln body; The 4-preheating zone; 5 (5a; 5b; 5c; 5d; 5e; 5f)-the preheating zone gas extractor; 6 (6a; 6b; 6c; 6d; 6e; 6f; 6g; 6h)-the cooling zone gas extractor; 7-high-temperature thermal storage type burner; The 8-reversing valve; The 9-combustion chamber; The 10-calcining zone; The 12-combustor exit; The 13-cooling zone; The 14-discharge port; The 15-drawing mechanism; The 16-chimney; The 17-fly-ash separator; 18-waste gas induced draft fan; 19-Abgasabsaugung beam; 21-gas collection cabinet; The 22-gas blower; 24-spill heat storage; 25-dust stratification device; The 26-fuel burner nozzle; 27-air burner; 28-erects elongated gas porosity; The 29-shape pore of growing crosswise; The 30-blower fan; 31-heat accumulating type pipeline; 32-air inlet beam.
Embodiment
Star kiln device of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, includes kiln body 3, ingredient conveyor 1, feeding unit 2, drawing mechanism 15, heat accumulating type pipeline 31, fuel system, air feed system and exhaust emission system.The kiln body is the shaft furnace structure, and the xsect of kiln body is a rectangle, divides preheating zone 4, calcining zone 10 and cooling zone 13 in the kiln body.The top of preheating zone is provided with 3 Abgasabsaugung beams 19, is used to aspirate the waste gas behind the preheating material, and the aspirating hole on the suction bar is according to other situation reasonable Arrangement such as the working of a furnace, type of furnace sizes.The both sides kiln wall that calcining zone is relative has burner, and burner is a high-temperature thermal storage type burner 7, in the high-temperature heat accumulation burner heat storage is housed, and heat storage is porcelain ball or steel ball, or is cellular or for other shape.Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 11; The Baltimore groove formation spill heat storage 24 that communicates can opened on Baltimore groove and perforate downwards and the following heat storage on the heat storage; Be convenient to dust to deposit; Be provided with dust stratification device 25 in the bottom of high-temperature thermal storage type burner, air blast pipeline and the dust stratification dividing plate upside in the dust stratification device arranged, the air blast of high-temperature thermal storage type burner is advanced the intravital dust blowback of accumulation of heat in the kiln at dust stratification device upside.The high-temperature thermal storage type burner can carry out preheating simultaneously to fuel and air, also can be only carries out preheating to wherein a kind of.The high-temperature thermal storage type burner is fuel used can be that geseous fuel, liquid fuel, solid fuel or above-mentioned fuel mix are used, like coal gas, Sweet natural gas, heavy oil, coal dust etc.For avoiding material to stop up burner, burner is downward-sloping, and obliquity is 60 °.The high-temperature thermal storage type burner can be provided with the single row or multiple rows burner at the differentiated levels of kiln body according to the body of heater needs, can be provided with manyly to the high-temperature thermal storage type burner on every row, also can only establish a pair of.The heat-accumulating burner place is provided with combustion chamber 9, but situation such as size of combustion chamber size based on fuel, the working of a furnace, turnout, kiln body and deciding can be established also and can not establish according to the practical situation combustion chamber.Like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 5, the every side of calcining zone is provided with 6 row's burners in the present embodiment, and every row is provided with 4 burners.Said burner is divided into fuel burner nozzle 26 and air burner 27; Fuel burner nozzle and air burner are separation up and down; The air burner is connected with gas blower through reversing valve 8 one tunnel; Another road be connected through fly-ash separator 17, induced draft fan 18 and chimney 16, fuel burner nozzle 26 is connected with chimney 16 with fuel gas line or through fly-ash separator 17, induced draft fan 18 respectively through reversing valve, said reversing valve 8 is a T-valve.Said cooling zone respectively is provided with two gas extractors (6e, 6f, 6g, 6h) arranged side by side up and down in the both sides of furnace wall; Each gas extractor is connected through pore and stove are interior, and the opposite side of gas extractor is connected with the gas extractor (5e, 5g) of blower fan 30 and preheating zone respectively through threeway.Both sides, described preheating zone are respectively equipped with gas extractor; Gas extractor is connected through in pore and the kiln, and the pipeline of gas extractor that connects gas extractor and the cooling zone of both sides, preheating zone is heat accumulating type pipeline 31, and is as shown in Figure 4; Pipeline is built has refractory brick; In the heat accumulating type pipeline 31 heat storage is housed, the material of heat storage and form also can be different as the heat storage of high-temperature thermal storage type burner.As shown in Figure 8, the pore of preheating zone and cooling zone is confirmed according to the size of incinerating limestone material for perpendicular elongated hole 28, empty concrete size.
As selection, the inlet of blower fan is connected with the outlet of fly-ash separator 17, makes cold gas with the waste gas after the dust removal process, to reduce industrial gas emission, the protection environment.Before the inlet of blower fan, be provided with gas storage holder as required.Also can be provided with the air inlet beam in the preheating zone, said air inlet beam is provided with inlet mouth, and inlet mouth is to lower opening or horizontal opening, and the air inlet beam must according to situation such as the working of a furnace, turnout, material performances.
As shown in Figure 1, be transported to furnace roof to material by ingredient conveyor 1, the feeding unit 2 by furnace roof evenly adds in the bodies of heater again.By the gas extractor that the pore of gas extractor gets into the preheating zone material is carried out preheating by the high-temperature hot air behind the cooling zone chilled product, also can be incorporated into air inlet beam 32, its air inlet beam can add also and can not add.Waste gas is drawn the kiln body through 19 suctions of Abgasabsaugung beam and is discharged to chimney 16 through fly-ash separator 17, waste gas induced draft fan 18.Get into calcining zone after the material preheating; Coal gas and combustion air get into calcining zone from the heat-accumulating burner of a side, in calcining zone mixing afterfire heating, flue gas transverse flow; Go out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, advance reversing valve 8 then to the blowdown system discharging.Temperature control switching-over when arriving reversing valve by flue gas; Switching-over when flue gas reaches 200 ℃; Coal gas and combustion air get into from the opposite side heat-accumulating burner; In the high-temperature thermal storage type burner, get into the calcining zone calcining after the heat storage preheating, flue gas is gone out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, leaves the kiln body then and discharges through blowdown system.The used cooling air of said cooling zone is the freezing air of being introduced by gas blower, or extracts the useless flue gas of flue gas after dust removal process of kiln body and calcining zone discharge out via preheating zone Abgasabsaugung beam.Cooling air gets in the kiln through blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6e product is cooled off; Carry out getting into after the heat exchange gas extractor 6g on opposite with material; Gas extractor 5f through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline 31, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln then; Cooling air gets in the kiln through blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6h product is cooled off simultaneously; Carry out arriving after the heat exchange gas extractor 6f on opposite with material, the gas extractor 5e through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln.The pipeline that connects preheating zone gas extractor and cooling zone gas extractor is a heat accumulating type pipeline 31; Pipeline is built has refractory brick; In be provided with heat storage; Gas extractor by high-temperature hot air or the high-temperature waste flue gas of heat accumulating type pipeline 31 after with the cooling zone cooled materials is incorporated into the two ends, preheating zone when the gas that gets into two ends, preheating zone gas extractor has a fixed difference difference, changes the flow direction of cooling zone cooling air.Be that cooling air cools off product in blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6f entering kiln; Carry out getting into after the heat exchange gas extractor 6h on opposite with material; Gas extractor 5f through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln then; Cooling air gets in the kiln through blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6g product is cooled off simultaneously; Carry out the gas extractor 6e that heat exchange arrives the opposite with material, the gas extractor 5e through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln.When the used cooling air of cooling zone during for useless flue gas after dust removal process of the flue gas of drawing kiln body and calcining zone via Abgasabsaugung beam suction and discharging; Before the inlet of blower fan 30, be provided with gas collection cabinet 21 as required; Useless flue gas gets in the kiln through blower fan, T-valve, gas extractor product is cooled off, and gas collection cabinet 21 can add and can not add according to concrete practical situation.Waste gas behind preheating section 4 preheating materials rises and gets into the Abgasabsaugung beam 19 on top, preheating zone, and waste gas is drawn the kiln body through the suction of Abgasabsaugung beam and got into the blowdown system discharging.Cooled material product leaves kiln device through discharge port 14, drawing mechanism 15.Zone in the calcining materials process between preheating zone and the calcining zone is the zero-pressure band, and the zone between calcining zone and the cooling zone is the homogeneous band.
Star kiln device of the present invention also can adopt the breathing shell technology, promptly heats breathing shell with waste gas.Breathe shell technology and not only be used to produce the blast-melted of direct reduction molten steel or the production of similar blast furnace; Also can be used for lime kilning or produce calcium carbide; Also can be used for the production of producing dri or being similar to above material, the equipment such as process furnace such as all kinds of shaft furnace, rotary kiln, coke oven that can also be used in the various type of furnaces heat breathing shell.Apparatus of the present invention not only can be used to produce lime, also can adopt and breathe the reductive production that shell technology is produced dri or other metal.Produce the used material of dri for breathe shell, partly breathe shell, open wide shell or its three's mixture, partly breathe shell, open wide shell and to breathe shell similar, partly breathe shell and unlimited shell hot strength difference is its principal character.Said breathing shell is made up of heart portion forming composition and outer envelope; Outer envelope is wrapped in heart portion forming composition, and heart portion forming composition is coating and shaping thing such as coal dust, coke powder, blue charcoal, refinery coke etc. or carbonaceousmaterial with after powdered iron ore is mixed, spin or be pressed into pelletizing; Also can make the forming composition of other shape; The inner carbon content of forming composition can be the same or different, and allows to add other material in the forming composition, as mixing the quicklime or the calcium carbonate powders of certain particle size; Forming composition composition and intensity are more suitable for, and heart portion forming composition also can add Fe for carbonaceousmaterial again
2O
3, Fe
3O
4Deng the dressing of the oxide compound of iron, dressing can the spin dressing, pressure ball dressing, Coal powder spray dressing, dipping dressing, also can carry out dressing with other method to difform forming composition; The outer envelope of said breathing shell is by material or their mixtures such as similar Wingdale, rhombspar, lime, carbide of calcium; Also can mix materials such as carbonaceousmaterial such as carbon black, graphite therein or be similar to some other material of one type of caking agent, catalyzer; These materials are mixed in a certain way or combine; With heart portion forming composition parcel wherein, the method for involucrum can be spin, pressure ball involucrum, can also be dust involucrum or dipping involucrum; Permission might not be employed in the involucrum and to add other material and do functions such as skeleton; And allowing to be employed in that artificial perforation is to strengthen ventilation property on the involucrum, the area in single hole is determined by character of breathing shell and material proportioning with its distributional pattern on involucrum and flow, is fit to the drying course of temperature behind the permission involucrum.Also can before used breathing shell bag outer envelope, on heart portion forming composition, wrap one deck carbonaceousmaterial and then involucrum again.To breathe shell gets in the star stove from feeding device; Adjust the air admission amount from breathing the gas fuel burning that shell is emitted at calcining zone; Provide the breathing shell to calcine needed most of heat, the shell of breathing shell is if any the Wingdale composition, and Wingdale generates quicklime at calcining zone.Breathing shell after calcining finishes is discharged body of heater through discharging equipment after getting into the cooling of star kiln cooling zone then.After peeling off, the back lime that generates is used for industries such as building materials, metallurgy with having calcined on the outer envelope; Form the dri product after making the dri in the involucrum with methods such as magnetic separation the ash separation of metallic iron and carbonaceousmaterial.
Its technological process is: as shown in Figure 1, mainly being that lime carbonate is that the breathing shell material of shell is transported to furnace roof, the feeding unit 2 by furnace roof evenly adds in the bodies of heater again by ingredient conveyor 1.By the gas extractor that the pore of gas extractor gets into the preheating zone material is carried out preheating by the high-temperature hot air behind the cooling zone chilled product, also can be incorporated into air inlet beam 32, its air inlet beam can add also and can not add.Waste gas through Abgasabsaugung beam 19 detach draw the kiln body through fly-ash separator 17, waste gas induced draft fan 18 to chimney 16 dischargings.Get into calcining zone after the material preheating; Coal gas and combustion air get into calcining zone from the heat-accumulating burner of a side, in calcining zone mixing afterfire heating, flue gas transverse flow; Go out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, advance reversing valve 8 then to the blowdown system discharging.Temperature control switching-over when arriving reversing valve by flue gas; Switching-over when flue gas reaches 200 ℃; Coal gas and combustion air get into from the opposite side heat-accumulating burner; In the high-temperature thermal storage type burner, get into the calcining zone calcining after the heat storage preheating, flue gas is gone out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, leaves the kiln body then and discharges through blowdown system.Mainly breathe the oxide compound that decomposition of limestone in the shell shell produces carbonaceousmaterial reduced iron in CaO and the heart portion forming composition at calcining zone and produce metallic iron.The shell of breathing shell make heat through and import heart portion forming composition into, and atmosphere is isolated relatively in heart portion forming composition and the process furnace, helps the reduction reaction of heart portion forming composition.The breathing shell that calcining is good goes downwards to cooling zone; Arrive first the high-temperature zone, arrive cold zone then, the used cooling air of cooling zone is the freezing air of being introduced by gas blower; Or for detach the useless flue gas of flue gas after dust removal process of drawing kiln body and calcining zone discharge via preheating zone Abgasabsaugung beam; To cooling zone, cooling air cools off product in blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6e get into kiln, carries out getting into after the heat exchange gas extractor 6g on opposite with material; Gas extractor 5f through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln then; Simultaneously cooling air gets in the kiln through blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6h product is cooled off, and carries out arriving after the heat exchange gas extractor 6f on opposite with material, and the gas extractor 5e through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln.The pipeline that connects preheating zone gas extractor and cooling zone gas extractor is a heat accumulating type pipeline 31; Pipeline is built has refractory brick; In be provided with heat storage; Gas extractor by high-temperature hot air or the high-temperature waste flue gas of heat accumulating type pipeline 31 after with the cooling zone cooled materials is incorporated into the two ends, preheating zone when the gas that gets into two ends, preheating zone gas extractor has a fixed difference difference, changes the flow direction of cooling zone cooling air.Be that cooling air cools off product in blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6f entering kiln; Carry out getting into after the heat exchange gas extractor 6h on opposite with material; Gas extractor 5f through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln then; Cooling air gets in the kiln through blower fan 30, T-valve, gas extractor 6g product is cooled off simultaneously; Carry out the gas extractor 6e that heat exchange arrives the opposite with material, the gas extractor 5e through T-valve, heat accumulating type pipeline, preheating zone gets into preheating material in the kiln.When the used cooling air of cooling zone is drawn useless flue gas after dust removal process of flue gas that kiln body and calcining zone discharge for detaching via the Abgasabsaugung beam; Before the inlet of blower fan 30, be provided with gas collection cabinet 21 as required; Useless flue gas gets in the kiln through blower fan, T-valve, gas extractor product is cooled off, and gas collection cabinet 21 can add and can not add according to concrete practical situation.Waste gas behind preheating section 4 preheating materials rises and gets into the Abgasabsaugung beam 19 on top, preheating zone, and waste gas detaches through the Abgasabsaugung beam and draws the discharging of kiln body entering blowdown system.Cooled material product leaves kiln device through discharge port 14, drawing mechanism 15.The shell of cooled breathing shell is a lime, can be used as raw material and is used for other industrial production.Its inner forming composition leaves metallic iron and ash content of coal through crushing-magnetic selection, and metallic iron is used for steel-making as high quality raw material.Zone in the calcining materials process between preheating zone and the calcining zone is the zero-pressure band, and the zone between calcining zone and the cooling zone is the homogeneous band.
As selection scheme; As shown in Figure 6, said calcining zone is provided with external at least one combustion chamber 9 that is respectively equipped with of relative both sides kiln, the corresponding air burner in each combustion chamber and a fuel burner nozzle; Combustor exit 12 is communicated with the kiln body is interior; Be that flame does not get into calcining zone and contacts with building stones, reduce burning, improve the quality of products.
Star-shaped kiln device of the present invention is as shown in Figure 9, includes kiln body 3, ingredient conveyor 1, feeding unit 2, drawing mechanism 15, fuel system, air feed system and exhaust emission system.The kiln body is the shaft furnace structure, and the xsect of kiln body is a rectangle, divides preheating zone 4, calcining zone and cooling zone 13 in the kiln body.The top of preheating zone is provided with 2 Abgasabsaugung beams 19; Be used to aspirate the waste gas behind the preheating material; Aspirating hole on the Abgasabsaugung beam is rationally arranged according to other situation such as the working of a furnace, type of furnace sizes, and waste gas detaches the kiln body by the Abgasabsaugung beam and is connected with chimney 16 through fly-ash separator 17, induced draft fan 18.Calcining zone 10 relative both sides kiln walls have burner 7, and burner is the high-temperature thermal storage type burner, in the high-temperature heat accumulation burner heat storage is housed.
For avoiding limestone material to stop up burner, burner is downward-sloping, and obliquity is: equal 75 ° with the angle of vertical line.Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 5, the every side of calcining zone is provided with three row's burners, and every row is provided with six burners.Said burner is divided into fuel burner nozzle 26 and air burner 27, and fuel burner nozzle and air burner are separation side by side.The air burner is connected with gas blower 22 through reversing valve 8 one tunnel; Another road is connected with chimney 16 with process fly-ash separator 17, induced draft fan 18; Fuel burner nozzle 26 is connected with chimney 16 with fuel gas line or through fly-ash separator 17, induced draft fan 18 respectively through reversing valve, and said reversing valve 8 is a T-valve.Said preheating zone is divided into two districts, and top is cold zone, and the bottom is the high-temperature zone, and each is distinguished on the kiln wall of relative both sides and is respectively arranged with pore, is used for gas and passes through, and the pore of every side is connected with gas extractor.Said cooling zone also is divided into two districts, and top is the high-temperature zone, and the bottom is a cold zone, and each kiln wall of distinguishing relative both sides is respectively arranged with pore, is used for gas and passes through, and the pore of every side is connected with gas extractor, the reverse setting of the air inlet in two districts and exhaust equipment.Cooling zone cold zone air draft side gas extractor 6b arrives low preheating zone warm area gas extractor 5a, 5c through pipe connection; To high-temperature zone, preheating zone gas extractor 5b, 5d, the insulation pipeline is built refractory brick to cooling zone high-temperature zone gas extractor 6c through pipe connection; Also can be connected with air inlet beam 32.Preheating zone waste gas detaches the kiln body through Abgasabsaugung beam 19, is connected to chimney 16 dischargings through fly-ash separator 17, waste gas induced draft fan 18.Cooling zone cold zone gas extractor 6d is connected with blower fan 30 respectively with high-temperature zone gas extractor 6a.For avoiding building stones descending in the kiln to stop up air inlet port, the pore of preheating zone as shown in Figure 6 and cooling zone is horizontal elongated hole 29, and empty concrete size is confirmed according to the size of incinerating limestone material.The air inlet side and the exhaust side of the high-temperature zone of preheating zone, cold zone are provided with six venting holes respectively, four of every rows shape pore of growing crosswise.
Operating process of the present invention is: be transported to furnace roof to material by ingredient conveyor 1, the feeding unit 2 by furnace roof evenly adds in the bodies of heater again.By the gas extractor that the pore of gas extractor gets into the preheating zone material is carried out preheating by the high-temperature hot air behind the cooling zone chilled product.Waste gas through Abgasabsaugung beam 19 detach draw the kiln body through fly-ash separator 17, waste gas induced draft fan 18 to chimney 16 dischargings.Get into calcining zone after the material preheating; Coal gas and combustion air get into calcining zone from the heat-accumulating burner of a side, add thermal material in calcining zone mixing afterfire, the flue gas transverse flow; Go out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, advance reversing valve 8 then to the blowdown system discharging.Temperature control switching-over when arriving reversing valve by flue gas; Switching-over when flue gas reaches 200 ℃; Coal gas and combustion air get into from the opposite side heat-accumulating burner; In the high-temperature thermal storage type burner, get into the calcining zone calcined limestone after the heat storage preheating, flue gas is gone out and its heat storage is carried out accumulation of heat from the heat-accumulating burner on opposite, leaves the kiln body then and discharges through blowdown system.The material that calcining is good goes downwards to cooling zone 13, arrives first the high-temperature zone, arrives cold zone then.In the high-temperature zone; Cooling air is from the cooling zone of the pore entering of inlet side; The cooling air transverse flow is cooled off product; The pore of the air draft side from the opposite of the hot blast behind the chilled product leaves the kiln body to high-temperature zone, preheating zone preheating material, also can hot blast be incorporated into the air inlet beam simultaneously material is carried out preheating.In the cooling zone of cold zone cooling air from the pore entering of inlet side; The cooling air transverse flow is cooled off product; The pore of the air draft side of the hot blast behind the chilled product from the opposite leave the kiln body to the preheating zone cold zone preheating material, simultaneously also can hot blast be incorporated into the air inlet beam material is carried out preheating.The used cooling air of cooling zone also can be for detaching the useless flue gas of flue gas after dust removal process of drawing kiln body and calcining zone discharge via the Abgasabsaugung beam; Product is cooled off to cooling zone; At this moment; Before the inlet of blower fan 30, be provided with gas collection cabinet 21 as required, useless flue gas gets in the kiln through blower fan, T-valve, gas extractor product is cooled off, and gas collection cabinet 21 can add and can not add according to concrete practical situation.Cooled product leaves star kiln device through discharge port 14, drawing mechanism 15.Zone in calcination process between preheating zone and the calcining zone is the zero-pressure band, and the zone between calcining zone and the cooling zone is the homogeneous band.
Claims (3)
1. the star-shaped kiln device of a lime calcining; Include kiln body (3), feed system, drawing mechanism (15), fuel system, air feed system and exhaust emission system; The kiln body is the shaft furnace structure, and the xsect of kiln body is rectangle or type rectangle or circle, divides preheating zone (4), calcining zone (10) and cooling zone (13) in the kiln body; The top of said preheating zone is provided with an Abgasabsaugung beam (19) at least; It is characterized in that: the both sides kiln wall that calcining zone is relative is equipped with one or more high-temperature thermal storage type burners (7) respectively, in the said high-temperature thermal storage type burner heat storage is housed, and said burner is divided into fuel burner nozzle (26) and air burner (27); The air burner is connected with blowdown system with gas blower respectively through reversing valve (8), and fuel burner nozzle (26) is connected with blowdown system with fuel gas line through reversing valve; The relative kiln wall in both sides, preheating zone is provided with one or more pores respectively, and the pore of every side is connected with the preheating zone gas extractor; The relative kiln wall in cooling zone both sides is provided with one or more pores respectively, and the pore of every side is connected with the cooling zone gas extractor, and said cooling zone gas extractor is connected with blower fan or preheating zone gas extractor; The method of lime calcining does, places kiln to be sintered into lime limestone material, and fuel gas and combustion air get into the kiln body from a side of calcining zone (10), and burning back flue gas transverse flow is left the kiln body from opposite side behind the lime kilning, both sides burner alternate run; Freezing air gets into the kiln body from a side of cooling zone (13), and transverse flow is gone out from opposite side after the cool lime through lkd layer, and the warm air after the cooling zone cool lime leads to preheating zone preheating limestone material; The both sides of (4) get into the kiln body to warm air from the preheating zone, and the Abgasabsaugung beam (19) from top, preheating zone behind the preheating Wingdale is gone out.
2. star-shaped kiln device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the both sides kiln wall that calcining zone is relative has high-temperature thermal storage type burner (7); Said burner is divided into fuel burner nozzle (26) and air burner (27); The air burner is connected with blowdown system with gas blower respectively through reversing valve (8), and fuel burner nozzle (26) is connected with blowdown system with fuel gas line through reversing valve; Said high-temperature thermal storage type burner (7) downward-sloping installation in the kiln body, with the angle of vertical line be 25～90 °, said fuel burner nozzle (26) is separation or separation side by side up and down with air burner (27); The high-temperature thermal storage type burner is provided with the single row or multiple rows burner according to the body of heater needs at the differentiated levels of kiln body, and every row is provided with many to the high-temperature thermal storage type burner, or only establishes a pair of; The heat-accumulating burner place is provided with combustion chamber (9); A corresponding air burner (27) in each combustion chamber and a fuel burner nozzle (26); Combustor exit (12) is communicated with the kiln body is interior; In the said high-temperature thermal storage type burner heat storage is housed, heat storage is porcelain ball or steel ball, or is cellular or for other shape; Or on heat storage, open Baltimore groove and the perforate downwards formation spill heat storage (24) that communicates with the Baltimore groove of following heat storage; Be convenient to dust to deposit, be provided with the dust stratification device, have air blast pipeline and the dust stratification dividing plate upside in dust stratification device (25) that the air blast of high-temperature thermal storage type burner is advanced the intravital dust blowback of accumulation of heat in the kiln at dust stratification device upside in the bottom of high-temperature thermal storage type burner; The high-temperature thermal storage type burner carries out preheating simultaneously to fuel and air, or only carries out preheating to wherein a kind of.
3. star-shaped kiln device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said cooling zone is two districts, the both sides in two districts be provided with cooling zone gas extractor (6e, 6f, 6g, 6h) respectively through T-valve and blower fan (30) be connected with preheating zone gas extractor (5e, 5f) through connecting pipeline; Said connecting pipeline is heat accumulating type pipeline (31), and pipeline is built has refractory brick, in the heat accumulating type pipeline heat storage is housed, and the material of heat storage and form are as the heat storage of high-temperature thermal storage type burner, or difference; Said cooling zone gas extractor is connected through in pore and the kiln, and Yao Bishang is provided with 1～16 venting hole, 1～16 pore of every row, and said pore is the pore of perpendicular elongated gas porosity (28) or grow crosswise shape pore (29) or other shapes; Pore size is rationally confirmed according to kiln body size, the working of a furnace, material situation.
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| CN104119003B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-10 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | The industrial furnace of heat accumulating type partition heating |
| CN104990418A (en) * | 2015-06-13 | 2015-10-21 | 河北瞳鸣环保有限公司 | Hot alkaline recycling device of calcining furnace |
| CN108191462B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2021-04-20 | 平罗县祥美化工有限公司 | Rotary disc type fluidized bed furnace |
| CN110260646B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-07-31 | 郑州釜鼎热能技术有限公司 | Cylindrical lime shaft kiln with flue gas backflow premixed combustion forward and backward flow comprehensive heat transfer |
| CN110512043A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of gas-based shaft kiln calcined limestone coproduction iron ore prereduction product |
| CN111006500B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-10-22 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Industrial shaft kiln for producing lime |
| CN111592242A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-28 | 大石桥市宝鼎耐火材料有限公司 | High-yield environment-friendly automatic dead-burned magnesia shaft kiln and production method thereof |
| CN114853370A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-05 | 郑州釜鼎热能技术有限公司 | Double-hearth lime kiln for calcining limestone by premixed combustion airflow in alternating forward and reverse directions |
| CN116697763B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-11-21 | 广东众大智能科技有限公司 | Internal combustion type continuous pre-carbonization furnace, pre-carbonization method and medium |
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| CN2552923Y (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-05-28 | 尹保明 | Energy-saving vertical limekiln |
| CN101307986A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2008-11-19 | 贾会平 | Industrial kiln |
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| CN2552923Y (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-05-28 | 尹保明 | Energy-saving vertical limekiln |
| CN101307986A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2008-11-19 | 贾会平 | Industrial kiln |
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