CN116063053A - Quick-hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete and construction application method thereof - Google Patents
Quick-hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete and construction application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116063053A CN116063053A CN202310180645.7A CN202310180645A CN116063053A CN 116063053 A CN116063053 A CN 116063053A CN 202310180645 A CN202310180645 A CN 202310180645A CN 116063053 A CN116063053 A CN 116063053A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- BAERPNBPLZWCES-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxy-1-phosphonoethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OCC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O BAERPNBPLZWCES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IWICDTXLJDCAMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](O)(O)O IWICDTXLJDCAMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 20
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 sulfate radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940104869 fluorosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/05—Materials having an early high strength, e.g. allowing fast demoulding or formless casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete. The 3D printing concrete is based on a dormancy-awakening mechanism, firstly delays the hydrolysis of the sulphoaluminate cement clinker by means of the complexing coating effect of phosphate, prevents the sulphoaluminate cement clinker from coagulating and hardening, and further realizes dormancy under the synergistic effect of polycarboxylic acid, so that the fluidity of the 3D printing concrete is kept for a long time, and the requirements of printability and extrudability are met; and then, the complex coating of phosphate is destroyed by using an alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing complex wake-up agent, so as to promote the hydrolysis of cement minerals, excite the hydrolysis, complexation and crystallization of sulphoaluminate clinker, achieve the ion balance requirement of setting and hardening, realize 'wake-up', achieve the requirement of building and solve the problems of slow strength development, low early strength and poor pressure-bearing volume stability. The invention also discloses a construction application method, which comprises the steps of respectively preparing dormant 3D printing concrete and a composite wake-up agent, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the composite wake-up agent by a branch pipeline, uniformly mixing the dormant 3D printing concrete and the composite wake-up agent at a nozzle, and immediately printing the dormant 3D printing concrete and the composite wake-up agent into a structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to quick-hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete and a construction application method thereof.
Background
The american society for materials and experiments indicates that 3D printing technology is a technology for generating a three-dimensional entity by adding materials layer by extruding and stacking through a printer nozzle based on three-dimensional data of a model, which is also called "rapid prototyping technology" or "additive manufacturing". Since the birth of the 80s of the last century, 3D printing technology has been rapidly developed and applied to the fields of medical treatment, national defense, aerospace, bioengineering, automobile manufacturing and the like. With the continuous development and improvement of 3D printing technology, building 3D printing technology has also emerged in recent years. In building 3D printing, the preparation of printing materials is the core of 3D printing concrete technology. Compared with the traditional concrete construction technology, the 3D printed concrete not only needs to have good workability, mechanical strength and durability, but also needs to have good extrudability and constructability. However, both are mutually contradictory aspects of printability, the better the extrudability, the more likely the material will flow under extrusion forces; the better the build-up, the more stable the material will be during layer-by-layer build-up. Thus, the preparation of 3D printed concrete with good extrudability and constructability is of general interest to researchers.
Chemical admixtures, mineral admixtures and specialty cements have all been used to improve the printability of 3D printed concrete. The chemical additive can improve the free water distribution formation in the 3D printing concrete, regulate and control the hydration process of the cementing material, and further improve the printability of the 3D printing concrete. Patent CN 108715531a provides a high thixotropic 3D printing concrete and a preparation method thereof, magnesium nitrate, ferric nitrate, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate are used as inorganic flocculant, polyacrylamide is used as high molecular thixotropic early strength agent, and the two can gather fine particle suspended particles to form a flocculation structure through electric neutralization and adsorption bridging effect, so that the thixotropic property of the freshly mixed 3D printing concrete is improved. The mineral admixture optimizes the grading composition of the cementing material, improves the thixotropic property of the cement slurry and improves the compactness of the cement stone. Patent CN 108439842a discloses a 3D printed concrete compacting agent, which adopts aluminum sulfate series expansion agent and magnesium oxide series expansion agent to form a double expansion source, cooperates with nano calcium carbonate and sinking beads, improves the grain composition of cementing material, improves the compactness of cement stone, and is used for improving the printability of 3D printed concrete. The prepared 3D printing concrete has the flexural strength of 7.6 MPa-8.3 MPa and the compressive strength of 33.2 MPa-47.3 MPa in 7D age; the flexural strength can reach 8.4MPa to 9.9MPa and the compressive strength can reach 41.6MPa to 56.3MPa in the 14d age. C in special cements, e.g. quick-setting silicate cements, relative to ordinary Portland cements 3 S and C 3 The content of A is higher, and the early strength of the 3D printing concrete can be improved. Patent CN 107417204A discloses a printable tailing sand fiber and a preparation and use method thereof, and adopts rapid hardening silicic acidThe salt cement improves the printability of the tailing sand 3D printing concrete. However, the early strength of 3D printed concrete using the most widely used and most common silicate cement as a main cementing material system is slow in growth speed, basically has no strength within 1h, has poor pressure-bearing volume stability and low construction efficiency, and cannot truly exert the characteristics of intelligence, flexible activation and rapidness.
Compared with silicate cement, the clinker mineral of the sulphoaluminate cement is mainly calcium sulphoaluminate clinker, has better setting and hardening speed and early strength, and can improve the pressure-bearing volume stability of the concrete 3D printing material, thereby improving the 3D printing efficiency. Patent CN 108658549A discloses a green high-performance 3D printing concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein 3-5 parts of sulphoaluminate cement is introduced into a cementing material system for improving early setting and hardening strength. Patent CN 108529968A discloses a fiber concrete material for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the adopted cement consists of 75-100% of sulphoaluminate cement and 0-25% of silicate cement, and the 1D compressive strength of the prepared 3D printing material can reach 40-45 MPa. Patent CN 105753404A discloses a cement-based material for 3D printing of a building, wherein the cementing material consists of 37.5-100% of sulphoaluminate cement and 0-37.5% of fly ash, the initial setting time can be controlled within 15-80 min, and the final setting time can be controlled within 30-100 min. Patent CN 104310918A discloses a cement-based composite material for 3D printing technology, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein cement comprises sulfoaluminate cement and ordinary silicate cement in a weight ratio of 6:4-10:0. Although the indexes such as the setting time, the compressive strength, the vertical expansion rate and the like of the patent tests can meet the 3D printing requirement, the rapid setting and hardening performance and the higher early strength are realized; however, the material takes the sulphoaluminate cement as a main cementing material system, the setting time of the sulphoaluminate cement can only be controlled within 10-100 min, the quick construction requirement can be met, the material is not suitable for a premixed concrete production mode, and the long-distance transportation requirement can not be met. Meanwhile, due to the rapid hydration characteristic of the sulphoaluminate cement, the 3D printing concrete has poor fluidity retention capability, and is extremely easy to cause pipe blockage in the transportation and printing processes, so that the printability of the material is lost.
Therefore, aiming at the defects of slow setting and hardening, low early strength and poor pressure-bearing stability of the traditional 3D printing concrete, how to regulate the setting and hardening process of the sulphoaluminate cement, on the basis of meeting the printability, the setting and hardening process of the time-varying regulating concrete can be regulated, and the key for preparing the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete is that the long-time maintenance of the extrudability is met and the minute-level regulating strength development is truly achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the traditional 3D printing concrete is slow in setting and hardening, low in early strength and easy to collapse and deform, the traditional sulphoaluminate 3D printing concrete is poor in extrudability due to too fast setting to cause too early loss of fluidity and difficult to meet the requirements of premixed production and long-distance transportation, the invention provides the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete and the construction method thereof in application.
The invention provides a rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete, which comprises sulphoaluminate cement, a dormancy agent, a wake-up agent, sand and water, wherein the rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass:
wherein the water-gel ratio is 0.35-0.45, the sand rate is 45-55%, and the volume weight is 2320+ -10 kg/m 3 。
According to the 3D printing concrete provided by the invention, based on a dormancy-awakening mechanism, firstly, sulfate ions, such as sulfate radicals and silicate radicals, of a liquid phase of the sulfate aluminate cement are complexed by virtue of the complexing coating action of phosphate, so that the hydrolysis of sulfate aluminate cement clinker minerals is delayed, the formation of hydration products such as ettringite, calcium aluminate, calcium silicate and the like is inhibited, the coagulation hardening process is prevented, and further, dormancy is realized under the synergistic action of polycarboxylic acid, the problems of rapid coagulation hardening and short construction time of the sulfate aluminate cement are solved, the fluidity of the 3D printing concrete is maintained for a long time, and the requirements of printable and extrudable performances are met. Then, the complex coating layer of the phosphate can be destroyed by utilizing the high ionization and high dispersion characteristics of alkali metal and fluorine in the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical composite wake-up agent; the aluminum phase of the fluorine complex cement clinker mineral promotes the hydrolysis of the cement mineral; the introduced aluminate-containing ions and silicate ions can be quickly combined and precipitated with calcium ions in the liquid phase of the sulphoaluminate cement, so that the hydrolysis, complexation and crystallization of the sulphoaluminate clinker minerals are stimulated under the action of hydrated crystal nucleus, the ion balance requirement of setting and hardening is met, the 'awakening' is further realized, the requirement that 3D printed concrete can be built is met, and the problems of slow strength development, low early strength and poor pressure-bearing volume stability of the conventional 3D printed concrete are solved.
Further, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25% -35% of polycarboxylate water reducer;
5% -15% of phosphate;
0.05 to 0.2 percent of defoaming agent;
the balance being water.
Wherein the phosphate is at least one selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), and aminotrimethylene phosphonic Acid (ATMP).
Further, the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the balance being water.
Wherein the cation of meta-aluminate and/or fluoroaluminate is alkali metal ion.
Preferably, the fluoroaluminate is at least one of sodium fluoroaluminate, potassium fluoroaluminate or lithium fluoroaluminate.
Further, the inorganic precursor can be at least one of methyl orthosilicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate, isopropyl orthosilicate or butyl orthosilicate, is used for hydrolyzing to generate gel-like silicon dioxide, has a larger specific surface area, can regulate and control rheological property of cement paste when being added into cement concrete, improves thixotropic property of the cement paste, and reduces pressure-bearing deformation in the 3D printing process of the concrete.
Further, the thickener is any one of polyacrylamide, hydroxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose with a molecular weight of 10 to 15 ten thousand.
The strength grade of the sulphoaluminate cement is 42.5 or more.
The sand is continuously collected and matched medium sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-3.2, and the mud content is not more than 3.0%.
The cobble is small cobble continuously collected, the mud content is not more than 3.0%, the mud content is not more than 1.0%, and the particle size is 4.75-9.5 mm.
In the construction application of the 3D printing concrete, a mode of controlling a dormancy mechanism and a wakeup mechanism is generally adopted, namely, a phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent and an alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical composite wakeup agent are respectively prepared and stored, and are independently added into the concrete through different pipelines. Specifically, the construction application method comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the dormant 3D printing concrete comprises the following steps:
according to the dosage of each component, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, stones and water into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
The preparation method of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following steps:
s1, diluting an inorganic precursor by using part of water to obtain precursor diluent for later use; the dilution is preferably carried out here in a mass ratio of water to inorganic precursor of 1:2;
s2, sequentially adding the meta-aluminate and the fluoroaluminate with the above amounts into the rest water, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 40-60 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained;
s3, under the action of ultrasonic dispersion, the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 is dripped into the clear solution prepared in the step S2;
s4, adding the thickener with the dosage into the solution in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 8-10 m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application steps of the 3D printing concrete include:
and conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent in a branch pipeline, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and immediately printing to form a structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the 3D printed concrete, the printable time of the 3D printed concrete is prolonged by means of the long-acting maintaining technology of the workability under the synergistic effect of the phosphate and the polycarboxylic acid, the requirement of premixed production is met, the workability can be adjusted at will, and the requirement of maintaining the fluidity of engineering projects for 2-4 h is met; in addition, due to the dormancy-wakeup mechanism of hydration, the temperature sensitivity is reduced, and the method is applicable to construction under the temperature condition of-5 ℃ to 40 ℃.
(2) The 3D printing concrete provided by the invention has high setting and hardening speed, and can be quickly hydrated after the concrete is discharged from a printing nozzle under the action of a wake-up agent, so that on one hand, the quick setting and hardening performance is realized, the setting and hardening performance can be realized within 10 minutes, the strength is not less than 1.0MPa for 45 minutes, the strength is not less than 5.0MPa for 1h, the strength is not less than 15.0MPa for 10h, the strength is not less than 25.0MPa for 1D, the strength is not less than 50.0MPa for 28D, the early strength is high, the later strength is not lost, and the service function requirement of a structure is met. On the other hand, the hydration start time depends on the composition of the wake-up agent and the addition amount thereof, and the setting and hardening process can be precisely controlled.
(3) The 3D printed concrete provided by the invention has high pressure-bearing volume stability, and the deformation rate of the pressure-bearing volume is 0 under the condition of multi-layer spraying and stacking.
Detailed Description
In accordance with the present invention, the following examples, which are given by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, illustrate the rapid hardening early strength type 3D printing concrete and its construction applications in accordance with the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
The materials used in the following examples are all commercial products, and the polycarboxylate water reducer used in the following examples is produced by Jiangsu Su Bote New Material Co., ltd
-I polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, wherein the defoamer is PXP-III defoamer produced by Jiangsu Su Bote New Material Co., ltd., and all reagents (analytically pure) used for preparing the wake-up agent are purchased from Shanghai Ala Biochemical technology Co., ltd.).
Example 1
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the composition of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent is as follows: 35% of polycarboxylate water reducer, 5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.05% of defoamer and the balance of water; based on 100 percent of the mass of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent.
The alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components: 2.5% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of sodium fluoroaluminate, 10% of methyl orthosilicate, 0.05% of thickener and the balance of water; based on 100% of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, sand, stones and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
Secondly, preparing the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, weighing 10g of methyl orthosilicate, adding the 10g of methyl orthosilicate into 20g of water, and diluting to obtain a precursor diluent for later use; s2, weighing 2.5g of sodium metaaluminate and 10g of sodium fluoroaluminate, dissolving in 57.45g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained; s3, adding the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 into the clear solution prepared in the step S2 at the speed of 0.5mL/min, and keeping ultrasonic dispersion in the whole process; s4, adding 0.05g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 8m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
And finally, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and printing a structure to obtain the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete.
Example 2
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the composition of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent is as follows: 30% of polycarboxylate water reducer, 5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3% of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2% of sodium polyphosphate, 3% of HEDP, 0.1% of defoamer and the balance of water; based on 100 percent of the mass of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent.
The alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components: 5% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of potassium fluoroaluminate, 5% of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 0.05% of a thickening agent and the balance of water; based on 100% of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, sand, stones and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
Secondly, preparing the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, weighing 5g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, adding the tetraethyl orthosilicate into 10g of water, and diluting to obtain a precursor diluent for later use; s2, weighing 5g of sodium metaaluminate and 10g of potassium fluoroaluminate, dissolving in 69.95g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained; s3, adding the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 into the clear solution prepared in the step S2 at the speed of 0.5mL/min, and keeping ultrasonic dispersion in the whole process; s4, adding 0.05g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 8m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
And finally, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and printing a structure to obtain the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete.
Example 3
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the composition of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent is as follows: 30% of polycarboxylate water reducer, 15% of sodium polyphosphate, 0.15% of defoamer and the balance of water; based on 100 percent of the mass of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent.
The alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components: 10% of sodium metaaluminate, 5% of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3% of lithium fluoroaluminate, 8% of isopropyl orthosilicate, 0.1% of thickener and the balance of water; based on 100% of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, sand, stones and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
Secondly, preparing the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, 8g of isopropyl orthosilicate is weighed and added into 16g of water, and the mixture is diluted to obtain a precursor diluent for later use; s2, weighing 10g of sodium metaaluminate, 5g of potassium fluoroaluminate and 3g of lithium fluoroaluminate, dissolving in 57.9g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained; s3, adding the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 into the clear solution prepared in the step S2 at the speed of 0.5mL/min, and keeping ultrasonic dispersion in the whole process; s4, adding 0.1g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 8m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
And finally, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and printing a structure to obtain the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete.
Example 4
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the composition of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent is as follows: 35% of polycarboxylate water reducer, 5% of HEDP, 5% of sodium hexametaphosphate, 5% of ammonium tripolyphosphate, 0.15% of defoamer and the balance of water; based on 100 percent of the mass of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent.
The alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components: 12.5% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of lithium fluoroaluminate, 10% of butyl orthosilicate, 0.2% of thickener and the balance of water; based on 100% of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, sand, stones and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
Secondly, preparing the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, weighing 10g of butyl orthosilicate, adding the butyl orthosilicate into 20g of water, and diluting to obtain a precursor diluent for later use; s2, weighing 12.5g of sodium metaaluminate, dissolving 10g of lithium fluoroaluminate in 47.3g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ to obtain a clear solution; s3, adding the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 into the clear solution prepared in the step S2 at the speed of 0.5mL/min, and keeping ultrasonic dispersion in the whole process; s4, adding 0.2g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 10m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
And finally, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and printing a structure to obtain the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete.
Example 5
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the composition of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent is as follows: 35% of polycarboxylate water reducer, 10% of ATMP, 5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2% of defoamer and the balance of water; based on 100 percent of the mass of the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent.
The alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components: 12.5% of sodium metaaluminate, 5% of sodium fluoroaluminate, 5% of lithium fluoroaluminate, 5% of methyl orthosilicate, 5% of butyl orthosilicate, 0.2% of thickener and the balance of water; based on 100% of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding the sulphoaluminate cement, the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, sand, stones and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete.
Secondly, preparing the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, weighing 5g of methyl orthosilicate and 5g of butyl orthosilicate, adding the mixture into 20g of water, and diluting to obtain a precursor diluent for later use; s2, weighing 12.5g of sodium metaaluminate, 5g of sodium fluoroaluminate and 5g of lithium fluoroaluminate, dissolving in 47.3g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained; s3, adding the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 into the clear solution prepared in the step S2 at the speed of 0.5mL/min, and keeping ultrasonic dispersion in the whole process; s4, adding 0.2g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at the speed of 10m/S to obtain the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent.
And finally, conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and printing a structure to obtain the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete.
In order to embody the outstanding performance of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete with the specific components and the proportion, 3D printing concrete or 3D printing concrete with the components similar to those of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by selecting the components of the 3D printing concrete or the adjusting part in the prior report as comparison concrete. Comparative examples 1 to 7 below describe each comparative concrete, respectively.
Comparative example 1
The first comparative concrete provided in this comparative example comprises the following components uniformly mixed in parts by mass:
wherein the composition of the comparative dormancy agent remained the same as in example 2, while the comparative wakeup agent used a commercial aluminum sulfate alkali-free accelerator, whose main components were aluminum sulfate, fluorosilicate, and alcohol amine.
Comparative example 2
The second comparative concrete provided in this comparative example comprises the following components uniformly mixed in parts by mass:
wherein the composition of the comparative dormancy agent remained the same as in example 3, while the comparative wakeup agent used a commercial sodium metaaluminate alkali accelerator, whose main components were sodium aluminate and sodium silicate.
Comparative example 3
The third comparative concrete provided in this comparative example comprises the following components uniformly mixed in parts by mass:
the composition of the comparative awakening agent was the same as that of example 4, and the comparative dormancy agent was a commercially available slow setting slump retaining polycarboxylate water reducer (water reducing rate: 28%).
Comparative example 4
The fourth comparative concrete provided in this comparative example comprises the following components uniformly mixed in parts by mass:
the composition of the comparative awakening agent was the same as that in example 5, and the comparative dormant agent was a commercially available retarding naphthalene water reducer (water reduction rate: 23%).
Comparative example 5
The fifth comparative concrete provided in this comparative example is a 3D printed concrete using p.o42.5Portland cement, and comprises the following components uniformly mixed in parts by weight:
comparative example 6
The sixth comparative concrete provided in this comparative example, from patent CN 1085299688a, is a 3D printed concrete using sulfoaluminate cement, comprising the following components uniformly mixed in parts by mass: 8.1 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 6.5 parts of mineral powder, 1.6 parts of silica fume, 4.9 parts of quartz sand, 2.6 parts of water, 0.34 part of polycarboxylate water reducer, 0.0081 part of tartaric acid retarder and 0.16 part of fiber.
The concrete construction method is as follows: cement, mineral powder, silica fume, quartz sand and retarder are weighed according to a proportion and then uniformly mixed to obtain solid powder for later use. And weighing the water reducer, water and fiber in proportion for later use. Adding the water reducer and 3/4 of water into the uniformly mixed solid powder, stirring for 90-120 s, adding the rest 1/4 of water, and stirring for 60-90 s. Adding the fiber into the mixture obtained in the previous step, and stirring for 120-180 s to obtain the 3D printing concrete.
Comparative example 7
The seventh comparative concrete provided in this comparative example consists of sulfoaluminate cement, a phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent (comparative dormancy agent) and a wakeup agent (comparative wakeup agent) free of inorganic precursors, and comprises the following components uniformly mixed according to parts by mass:
wherein the composition of the comparative dormancy agent remained the same as in example 1, while the composition of the comparative wakeup agent was: 2.5% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of sodium fluoroaluminate, 0.05% of thickener and the balance of water; based on 100% of the mass of the comparative wake-up agent.
Specifically, S1, weighing 2.5g of sodium metaaluminate and 10g of sodium fluoroaluminate, dissolving in 57.45g of water, and stirring at 40 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained; s2, adding 0.05g of thickener into the solution obtained in the step S1, and shearing at the speed of 8m/S for 15min to obtain the wake-up agent without inorganic precursor.
The performance measurement results of the rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printed concrete and the comparative 3D printed concrete are compared with each other as shown in the following application examples; in the application example of the invention, only the dormant agent is added when the concrete workability is measured, namely the dormant 3D printing concrete stage described in the above examples and comparative examples is measured, and the wake-up agent is needed to be added when the setting time, the mechanical strength and the deformation rate of the bearing volume are tested.
The new mixing performance evaluation in the application examples and the comparative examples refers to GB50080-2016 standard for test method of common concrete mixture performance, the mechanical strength evaluation refers to GB50081-2002 standard for test method of common concrete mechanical properties, and the deformation rate test of the bearing volume is evaluated by adopting the following formula:
wherein: delta is the deformation rate of the pressure-bearing volume;
n is the number of printing layers, generally 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 (whole multiple of 5 or 10);
d is the printing thickness, and the unit is mm;
L n to print n layers of concrete thickness, the units are mm.
Application example 1
At 20 ℃, the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printed concrete of examples 1 to 5 was prepared, and the workability, compressive strength and bearing volume deformation rate of the concrete were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1 results of performance test of fast early-hardening 3D printed concretes of examples 1 to 5
As is clear from table 1, the 2h slump increases significantly and the 4h fluidity changes not significantly in the quick hardening early-strength 3D printed concretes of examples 1 to 5 compared with the initial ones in terms of fluidity; wherein, the 2h fluidity change of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided in the embodiment 2 is most obvious, the slump is increased by 5mm, the expansion degree is increased by 15mm, and the requirement of the 3D printing material on the extrudability is met. In the aspect of setting time test, the initial setting time of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete of the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 5 can be controlled within 5min, and the final setting time can be controlled within 10min, so that the construction performance requirement of the 3D printing material can be met. In terms of compressive strength, the 0.75h strength is at least 1.6MPa, the 1.0h strength is at least 6.3MPa, the 10h strength is at least 16.4MPa, the 1D strength is at least 26.5MPa, and the 28h strength is at least 52.1MPa in the rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printed concrete of examples 1 to 5. In terms of the deformation rate of the bearing volume, the deformation rates of 10 layers, 20 layers and 30 layers printed in examples 1 to 5 are all 0, and the risk of collapse deformation is avoided. The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete provided by the embodiment has the advantages of long construction time, short setting and hardening time, good early strength, no pressure-bearing volume deformation and capability of meeting the technical requirements of 3D printing materials.
Application example 2
The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printed concrete of example 3 was prepared in environments where the temperatures were-5 deg.c, 0 deg.c, 10 deg.c, 20 deg.c and 40 deg.c, respectively, and the workability, compressive strength and bearing volume deformation rate of the concrete were tested, and the test results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 Performance test results of fast hardening early strength 3D printed concrete of example 3 at different temperatures
As can be seen from table 2, as the temperature increases, the initial fluidity of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete of example 3 decreases, the 2h workability "inverse increase" phenomenon decreases, and the 4h workability loss increases; wherein, at the temperature of 40 ℃, the slump and the expansion degree of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete in the embodiment 3 are respectively 180mm and 475mm, so as to meet the requirement of printable performance; meanwhile, the compressive strength of example 3 is in a direct proportional relationship with temperature, i.e., the higher the temperature, the higher the strength; however, the deformation rate of the bearing volume of the rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete is not affected by temperature, and the deformation rates of the bearing volumes of 10 layers, 20 layers and 30 layers are all 0 under each temperature condition. The concrete provided by the embodiment has good temperature adaptability, and meets the requirement of 3D printing in different temperature environments.
Application example 3
The rapid hardening early strength type 3D printed concretes of examples 2 and 3 were prepared at 20 c, and workability, compressive strength and compression volume deformation ratio of each concrete were tested as compared with the comparative concretes of comparative examples 1 and 2, and the test results are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 results of performance test of fast early strength 3D printed concrete of examples 2, 3 and comparative concrete of comparative examples 1, 2
As can be seen from table 3, the comparative concrete provided in comparative example 1 had no strength between 0.75h and 1.0h as compared with examples 2 and 3; the 28d strength of the comparative concrete provided in the comparative example 2 is lower than that of the comparative concrete at 10h and 3d, the 28d strength is only 89.1% of that at 10h and 60.7% of that at 3d, namely the strength has the problem of 'reverse shrinkage'; the 3D printing concrete prepared by taking aluminum sulfate as the awakening material has the risk of collapse deformation, and the deformation rates of the bearing volumes of 10 layers, 20 layers and 30 layers are respectively 1.6%, 4.2% and 7.4%. The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete prepared by adopting the conventional accelerator material as the wake-up agent has the defect of mechanical property, and can not meet the printing requirement.
Application example 4
The workability of each concrete was tested by preparing the fast early-strength type 3D printed concrete of examples 4 and 5 and the comparative concrete of comparative examples 3 and 4 at 20 c, and the test results are shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 results of performance test of the fast early strength 3D printed concrete of examples 4, 5 and the comparative concrete of comparative examples 3, 4
As can be seen from table 4, compared with examples 4 and 5, the comparative concrete provided in comparative examples 3 and 4 using the conventional water reducing agent as the dormancy agent has small initial fluidity and large loss of fluidity with time, and cannot meet the requirement of long-distance construction of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printed concrete. The problem that the construction time of the rapid hardening early-strength 3D printed concrete prepared by adopting the conventional water reducer as the dormancy agent is short is solved, and the technical requirements of premixed production and long-distance transportation cannot be met.
Application example 5
The rapid hardening early strength type 3D printed concretes of examples 1 and 4 and the comparative concretes of comparative examples 5 to 7 were prepared at 20 c, and workability, compressive strength and compression volume deformation ratio of each concrete were tested, and the test results are shown in table 5 below.
Table 5 results of performance test of the fast early-hardening 3D printed concretes of examples 1, 4 and the comparative concretes of comparative examples 5 to 7
As can be seen from Table 5, compared with examples 1 and 4, the comparative examples 5 and 6 provided comparative concrete with no strength at 0.75h and 1.0h, and the 10h strength thereof was only 2.4MPa and 4.4MPa, respectively, which is far lower than the age-related strength of the example group; meanwhile, the comparative examples 5 and 6 have the deformation of the bearing volume, the deformation rates of the bearing volume of the 10 layers, the 20 layers and the 30 layers printed in the comparative example 5 are 3.4 percent, 8.5 percent and 12.5 percent respectively, and the deformation rates of the bearing volume of the 10 layers, the 20 layers and the 30 layers printed in the comparative example 6 are 5.6 percent, 10.4 percent and 16.1 percent respectively. That is, it is explained that concrete prepared by conventional sulfoaluminate or ordinary portland cement has a problem of low early strength and is at risk of collapse deformation. Compared with the examples, the comparative concrete provided in comparative example 7 has no strength between 0.75h and 1.0h, and the 10h strength is only 5.2MPa respectively, which is lower than the age-related strength of the examples; meanwhile, the deformation rates of the bearing volumes of 10 layers, 20 layers and 30 layers printed in comparative example 7 are respectively 4.6%, 9.2% and 14.5%, and the deformation rates of the bearing volumes are larger than those of the 3D printed concrete prepared in the embodiment, namely the 3D printed concrete prepared without the silicic acid precursor wake-up agent has larger deformation rates, which indicates that the silicic acid precursor hydrolyzed into silicon dioxide can regulate the rheological property of cement paste, and the deformation rates of the 3D printed concrete are improved.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description, embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the water-gel ratio is 0.35-0.45, the sand rate is 45-55%, and the volume weight is 2320+ -10 kg/m 3 ；
The phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25% -35% of polycarboxylate water reducer;
5% -15% of phosphate;
0.05 to 0.2 percent of defoaming agent;
the balance being water;
the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the rapid hardening early strength 3D printed concrete of claim 1, wherein in the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum-acid radical composite wake-up agent, the inorganic precursor is at least one of methyl orthosilicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate, isopropyl orthosilicate, or butyl orthosilicate.
3. The rapid hardening early-strength 3D printing concrete according to claim 2, wherein in the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent, the thickener is any one of polyacrylamide, hydroxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose with a molecular weight of 10-15 ten thousand.
4. The rapid hardening early strength 3D printed concrete according to claim 2, wherein in the alkali metal-fluorine containing aluminide acid radical composite wake-up agent, the cation of the meta-aluminate and/or fluoroaluminate is an alkali metal ion.
5. The rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, the phosphate is at least one selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, and aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid.
6. The rapid hardening early strength 3D printed concrete of claim 5, wherein the strength grade of the sulfoaluminate cement is 42.5 and above; the sand is continuously collected and matched medium sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-3.2, and the mud content is not more than 3.0%; the cobble is small cobble continuously collected, the mud content is not more than 3.0%, the mud content is not more than 1.0%, and the particle size is 4.75-9.5 mm.
7. The construction application method of the rapid hardening early-strength type 3D printing concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the preparation method of the dormant 3D printing concrete comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding sulfoaluminate cement, a phosphate-polycarboxylic acid composite dormancy agent, stones and water into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain dormant 3D printing concrete;
the preparation method of the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent comprises the following steps:
s1, diluting an inorganic precursor by using partial ethanol to obtain precursor diluent for later use;
s2, sequentially adding meta-aluminate and fluoroaluminate into the rest water, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 40-60 ℃ until a clear solution is obtained;
s3, under the action of ultrasonic dispersion, the precursor diluent obtained in the step S1 is dripped into the clear solution prepared in the step S2;
s4, adding a thickener into the solution obtained in the step S3, and shearing for 15min at a speed of 8-10 m/S to obtain an alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing composite wake-up agent;
the construction application steps of the 3D printing concrete include:
and conveying the dormant 3D printing concrete and the alkali metal-fluorine-containing aluminum acid radical-containing compound awakening agent by pipelines, uniformly mixing at a nozzle, and immediately printing to form a structure.
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