CN116044688A - Composite energy storage power generation system and method utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy - Google Patents
Composite energy storage power generation system and method utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN116044688A CN116044688A CN202211390584.9A CN202211390584A CN116044688A CN 116044688 A CN116044688 A CN 116044688A CN 202211390584 A CN202211390584 A CN 202211390584A CN 116044688 A CN116044688 A CN 116044688A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
- F03G3/087—Gravity or weight motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
- F03G3/087—Gravity or weight motors
- F03G3/094—Gravity or weight motors specially adapted for potential energy power storage stations; combinations of gravity or weight motors with electric motors or generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G4/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy
- F03G4/037—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling, transcritical or supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G4/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy
- F03G4/063—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy with energy storage devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/0055—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling or transcritical, supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite energy storage power generation system and method utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The problems of low energy storage and power generation efficiency and poor stability of the existing power generation system are solved. The device comprises a preheater I, a preheater II, an evaporator, a vortex type gas expander, a generator I, a condensation backflow prevention device, a condenser, an impeller type liquid expander and a generator II; the invention comprises two stages of energy storage, power generation, energy release and power generation, wherein the first stage is that high-temperature and high-pressure vapor for heating and evaporating liquid working medium pushes a vortex type gas expander to output shaft work and drive a generator to generate power, and exhaust steam flows through a condensation backflow prevention device to rise to a condenser for natural cooling; and the second stage is to release liquid working medium from the condenser and utilize gravitational potential energy to push the impeller type liquid expander to output shaft work and drive the generator to generate power, and the two stages of operation are regulated and controlled by opening and closing the valve. The invention fully utilizes heat energy to generate electricity and stores energy, and performs secondary electricity generation by means of gravitational potential energy in the energy release process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a composite energy storage power generation system and method utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy.
Background
In recent decades, research and development of energy storage technology have been receiving attention from departments of energy, traffic, electricity, etc. in various countries. The current energy storage modes are roughly divided into three main modes of chemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage and electromagnetic energy storage. The mechanical energy storage mainly comprises gravity energy storage, compressed air energy storage and flywheel energy storage.
Gravity energy storage is a mechanical energy storage mode, and recently, the gravity energy storage is paid more attention to at home and abroad, and the energy storage medium is mainly divided into water and solid matters, and the charge and discharge processes of the energy storage system are mainly realized by lifting the energy storage medium through height difference. Solid medium gravity energy storage uses solids as the medium. The gravity block is lifted to a corresponding height by mainly converting electric energy into solid potential energy through a motor by virtue of structures such as mountain bodies, underground shafts, artificial structures and the like, and the gravity block is put down when the electric power system needs electric energy to drive a generator to convert the gravitational potential energy into electric energy. At present, the solid medium gravity energy storage technology is still immature, and the construction scale is huge, and the cost is higher.
The water medium gravity energy storage mainly refers to water pumping energy storage, the water pumping energy storage is the most perfect large-scale energy storage mode in the world at present, a water pumping energy storage power station consists of two reservoirs which are connected with each other and are positioned at different heights, and a pipeline connects the upper reservoir with the lower reservoir. When the electric power is excessive, the electric motor converts the electric energy into mechanical energy. The pump converts water into potential energy by transporting them from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir through a pipe. At the time of electric power depletion, water stored in the upper reservoir may be returned to the lower reservoir through the turbine, thereby generating mechanical energy from potential energy and again generating electrical energy with the aid of the generator. However, the construction of pumped-storage power stations has great geographical limitations, because the upper and lower reservoirs are required to be located in relatively close distances and have relatively high height differences. In addition, a large number of related infrastructures require long-term maintenance, and pumped storage stations are often far from the load center and are transmitted over long distances.
The existing gravity energy storage device adopts a screw transmission mode to transport the solid object blocks to a high place to store energy in a gravitational potential energy mode, and the solid object blocks are released to drive power generation to obtain energy. However, due to friction loss and device size limitation, the energy storage and power generation efficiency of the device are greatly affected; the existing solar gravity energy storage device utilizes solar energy to drive a direct current motor to lift a heavy object, converts the solar energy into gravity potential energy to store the gravity potential energy, and lowers the heavy object to drive a generator to generate electricity when the electricity is needed to be generated. The device, although utilizing natural clean energy, accords with the environmental protection theory, but its energy loss is too big, the fluctuation of energy source is showing and is easily leading to system stability to receive serious influence, can't carry out the energy storage at night or solar energy starvation area, and the solar energy that can store finally is very limited. Therefore, the conventional gravity energy storage system needs to be changed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy so as to solve the problems of low energy storage and power generation efficiency and poor system stability of the existing power generation system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy comprises a preheater I, a preheater II, an evaporator, a vortex type gas expander, a generator I, a condensation backflow prevention device, a condenser, an impeller type liquid expander and a generator II; the liquid outlet of the preheater I is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater II, the liquid outlet of the preheater II is communicated with the liquid inlet of the evaporator, the gas outlet of the evaporator is communicated with the gas inlet of the vortex type gas expander, the gas outlet of the vortex type gas expander is communicated with the working medium exhaust steam inlet of the condensation backflow prevention device, the vortex type gas expander is connected with the generator I through a shaft, the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device is communicated with the gas inlet of the condenser, the liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander, the liquid outlet of the impeller type liquid expander is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater I, and the impeller type liquid expander is connected with the generator II through a shaft;
the condenser is positioned at a high position, the impeller type liquid expander is positioned at a low position, and a certain height difference is arranged between the condenser and the impeller type liquid expander.
Furthermore, two condensers are arranged, namely a natural convection air-cooled condenser I and a natural convection air-cooled condenser II, the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device is respectively communicated with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I and the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II, the liquid outlets of the two condensers are communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander, and the two condensers work in an alternating mode when the liquid working medium is released.
Further, a solenoid valve V4 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I, a solenoid valve V6 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I and the liquid inlet of the impeller-type liquid expander, a solenoid valve V5 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II, and a solenoid valve V7 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II and the liquid inlet of the impeller-type liquid expander.
Further, a solenoid valve V8 is arranged on a pipeline between the impeller type liquid expander and the preheater I, and a solenoid valve V10 is arranged on a pipeline between the preheater I and the preheater II.
Furthermore, the energy sources of the two preheaters are heat energy, the heat energy input of the preheater I is controlled through the electromagnetic valve V9, and the heat energy input of the preheater II is controlled through the normally open valve V1.
Furthermore, the composite energy storage power generation system further comprises an electric control system, and all electromagnetic valves are electrically connected with the electric control system.
Further, a certain height difference exists between the preheater I and the preheater II.
Furthermore, a normally open valve V2 is arranged on a pipeline between the evaporator and the vortex type gas expander, and a normally open valve V3 is arranged on a pipeline between the vortex type gas expander and the condensation backflow preventing device.
Still further, the energy of the evaporator is derived from thermal energy, and the thermal energy input of the evaporator includes, but is not limited to, industrial waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a power generation method of a composite energy storage power generation system using thermal energy and gravitational potential energy, including:
the evaporator is used for receiving heat energy and then evaporating a working medium from the preheater II into a high-temperature high-pressure gas state, the gas state working medium enters the vortex type gas expander to enable the vortex type gas expander to work so as to drive the generator I to generate power, the gas state working medium passes through the condensation backflow prevention device to reach the condenser after doing work, the condensed liquid state working medium enters the impeller type liquid expander, the liquid state working medium pushes the impeller type liquid expander to do work by utilizing pressure difference caused by gravitational potential energy and drives the generator II to generate power, the liquid state working medium after doing work flows to the preheater I, and the liquid state working medium is transported to the evaporator after being preheated by the preheater II to form power generation energy storage circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the composite energy storage power generation system utilizing the heat energy and the gravitational potential energy has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention creates a composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy, which comprises two stages of energy storage and power generation and energy release and power generation; the system is a circulating energy storage power generation system which is composed of a liquid working medium, a pipeline, an evaporator, a vortex type gas expander, an impeller type liquid expander, a generator, a condensation backflow prevention device, a natural convection air cooling type condenser, a preheater, an electric control system and a valve for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline.
(2) Compared with the traditional liquid working medium energy storage system which uses electric energy to convert into mechanical energy and then transport the working medium to a high place and use electric energy to convert into gravitational potential energy, the invention uses middle and low grade heat energy such as industrial waste heat or geothermal energy to directly heat the working medium to generate phase change and transport the working medium to the high place; in the energy storage process, instead of converting pure heat energy into gravitational potential energy, a vortex type gas expander 4 is added in the transportation process, the power generation effect is added in the energy storage process, the heat energy is utilized to the maximum extent, and the effect of generating electric energy instead of consuming electric energy in the energy storage process is realized;
(3) The composite energy storage power generation system utilizing the heat energy and the gravitational potential energy is innovative in the traditional energy storage technology, is simple and portable, efficiently utilizes industrial waste heat, solar energy or geothermal energy to generate power, stores energy and simultaneously generates power, and is quite in line with the environmental protection concept.
(4) The composite energy storage power generation system utilizing the heat energy and the gravitational potential energy, disclosed by the invention, fully utilizes the medium-low grade heat energy such as industrial waste heat or geothermal energy to generate power and stores energy, and performs secondary power generation by means of the gravitational potential energy in the energy release process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention; the state is the valve opening and closing condition (the solid state of the valve indicates blocking and the hollow state indicates communication) when the first stage and the second stage of the system are simultaneously carried out, taking a condenser I for receiving working medium and a condenser II for releasing working medium as an example);
FIG. 2 shows the intermittent opening and closing of the valve in the first stage and the second stage of the composite energy storage power generation system using heat energy and gravitational potential energy according to the inventive embodiment, wherein the solid valve represents blocking and the hollow valve represents communication;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the condenser I releasing working medium and the condenser II storing working medium;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the condenser i storing working medium and the condenser ii releasing working medium.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a preheater I; 2. a preheater II; 3. an evaporator; 4. a scroll gas expander; 5. a generator I; 6. a condensation backflow prevention device; 7. natural convection air-cooled condenser I; 8. natural convection air-cooled condenser ii; 9. an impeller type liquid expander; 10. a generator II; 11. an electric control system.
Detailed Description
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention will be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features which are described below and which are involved in the various embodiments of the invention can be combined with one another as long as they do not conflict with one another.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy comprises a preheater i 1, a preheater ii 2, an evaporator 3, a vortex type gas expander 4, a generator i 5, a condensation backflow prevention device 6, a condenser, an impeller type liquid expander 9 and a generator ii 10; the liquid outlet of the preheater I1 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater II 2, the liquid outlet of the preheater II 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the evaporator 3, the gas outlet of the evaporator 3 is communicated with the gas inlet of the vortex type gas expander 4, the gas outlet of the vortex type gas expander 4 is communicated with the working medium exhaust steam inlet of the condensation backflow prevention device 6, the vortex type gas expander 4 is connected with the generator I5 through a shaft, the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device 6 is communicated with the gas inlet of the condenser, the liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander 9, the liquid outlet of the impeller type liquid expander 9 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater I1, and the impeller type liquid expander 9 is connected with the generator II 10 through a shaft;
the condenser is positioned at a high position, the impeller type liquid expander 9 is positioned at a low position, and a certain height difference is arranged between the condenser and the impeller type liquid expander 9.
In order to ensure the matching operation of the released working medium and the received working medium, two condensers are respectively a natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and a natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8, the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing reflux device 6 is respectively communicated with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8, the liquid outlets of the two condensers are communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller-type liquid expander 9, and the two condensers work in an alternating mode when the liquid working medium is released.
The electromagnetic valve V4 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device 6 with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7, the electromagnetic valve V6 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the liquid inlet of the impeller-type liquid expander 9, the electromagnetic valve V5 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device 6 with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8, and the electromagnetic valve V7 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 and the liquid inlet of the impeller-type liquid expander 9.
An electromagnetic valve V8 is arranged on a pipeline between the impeller type liquid expander 9 and the preheater I1, and an electromagnetic valve V10 is arranged on a pipeline between the preheater I1 and the preheater II 2.
The energy sources of the two preheaters are heat energy, the heat energy input of the preheater I1 is controlled through the electromagnetic valve V9, and the heat energy input of the preheater II 2 is controlled through the normally open valve V1. A normally open valve V2 is arranged on a pipeline between the evaporator 3 and the vortex type gas expander 4, and a normally open valve V3 is arranged on a pipeline between the vortex type gas expander 4 and the condensation backflow preventing device 6.
The composite energy storage power generation system further comprises an electric control system 11, and all electromagnetic valves are electrically connected with the electric control system 11.
The preheater I1 and the preheater II 2 are provided with a certain height difference, so that the liquid working medium in the preheater I1 can be conveyed to the preheater II 2 under the action of a working medium pump after being preheated for the first time, and the working medium in the preheater II 2 can be prevented from flowing back to the preheater I1. The flow of working medium between the preheater I1 and the preheater II 2 is regulated and controlled by the electromagnetic valve V10, when the liquid working medium flows into the preheater I1 and reaches a set temperature after preheating, and when the working medium contained in the preheater II 2 is less, the electromagnetic valve V10 is opened, and when the liquid working medium in the preheater II 2 reaches a specific capacity, the electromagnetic valve V10 is closed, and the liquid working medium is secondarily preheated in the preheater II 2 and is conveyed to the evaporator 3.
The composite energy storage power generation system comprises a first stage (energy storage and power generation) and a second stage (energy release and power generation); the first stage is that after the liquid working medium is heated and evaporated, high-temperature and high-pressure steam pushes the output shaft work of the vortex type gas expander 4 and drives the generator I5 to generate power, and exhaust steam flows through the condensation-preventing backflow device 6 to rise to the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 for natural cooling;
and in the second stage, the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 release liquid working media, and the impeller type liquid expander 9 is driven to output shaft work by utilizing pressure difference caused by gravitational potential energy and drive the generator II 10 to generate power. The operation of the two stages is regulated and controlled by opening and closing the valves V1-V10;
the first system operation stage is a continuous process, the evaporator 3 continuously works, and the valve normally-open valve V1, the normally-open valve V2 and the normally-open valve V3 are kept in a normally-open state; the second system operation stage is an intermittent process, and the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 alternately work when the liquid working medium is released; when the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 works, the electromagnetic valves V5 and V6 are opened, and the electromagnetic valves V4 and V7 are closed; when the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 works, the electromagnetic valves 4 and V7 are opened, and the electromagnetic valves V5 and V6 are closed; when the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 do not meet the requirement of releasing the liquid working medium, the electromagnetic valve V6, the electromagnetic valve V7 and the electromagnetic valve V8 are kept closed;
the method comprises the following steps: the working medium evaporated by the evaporator 3 pushes the vortex type gas expander 4 to rotate, and the vortex type gas expander 4 drives the generator I5 to generate power; working medium steam enters the condensation backflow prevention device 6 after pushing the vortex type gas expander 4 to do work so as to prevent the working medium steam from being condensed and backflow to cause that the working medium steam cannot be conveyed to a condenser or damage the vortex type gas expander (4); the dead steam of the working medium flows through the condensation-preventing reflux device 6, enters the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 and is converted into a liquid state through natural condensation; the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are arranged at the high position of the building roof, after the liquid storage quantity reaches the power generation requirement, electromagnetic valves at the outlets of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are opened, the liquid working medium is released, and the pressure difference brought by gravitational potential energy is utilized to push the impeller type liquid expander 9 to output shaft work and drive the generator II 10 to generate power;
when the liquid working medium is released, the two condensers work in an alternating mode, so that the liquid working medium can be released and the working medium exhaust steam from the condensation-preventing reflux device 6 can be continuously received, and the continuous operation of a stage one process is ensured;
after the liquid working medium released from the high place works on the impeller type liquid expander 9 under the action of gravity, the liquid working medium flows to the preheater I1 to perform a closed preheating process (namely, the electromagnetic valve V8 and the electromagnetic valve V10 are closed) so as to prevent the pressure of the evaporator 3 from severely fluctuating, and then the liquid working medium is transported to the evaporator through the preheater II 2 to perform a new cycle.
For the liquid working medium selected by the system, working media such as R245fa, R1233zd (E) and the like can be selected theoretically, and R245fa (pentafluoropropane) is selected as the working medium. When the system works, liquid R245fa working medium absorbs heat and evaporates into high-temperature high-pressure gas R245fa in the evaporator 3, and pushes the vortex type gas expander 4 to rotate to output shaft work, the vortex type gas expander 4 is connected with the generator I5, and the generator I5 works and generates electricity under the driving of the vortex type gas expander 4.
The energy of the evaporator 3 is derived from heat energy, and the heat energy input of the evaporator 3 comprises, but is not limited to, industrial waste heat, solar energy and geothermal energy, and the specific selection is different according to different environments.
The invention also provides a power generation method of the composite energy storage power generation system by utilizing the heat energy and the gravitational potential energy, which comprises the following steps:
the evaporator 3 is used for receiving heat energy and then evaporating a working medium from the preheater II 2 into a high-temperature high-pressure gas state, the gas state working medium enters the vortex type gas expander 4 to enable the vortex type gas expander 4 to work so as to drive the generator I5 to generate power, the gas state working medium passes through the condensation-preventing backflow device 6 to reach a condenser after working, the condensed liquid state working medium enters the impeller type liquid expander 9, the liquid state working medium pushes the impeller type liquid expander 9 to do work by utilizing pressure difference caused by gravitational potential energy and drives the generator II 10 to generate power, the working liquid state working medium flows to the preheater I1 and is conveyed to the evaporator 3 after being preheated by the preheater II 2, and the power generation energy storage cycle is formed.
The power generation method of the composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy specifically comprises the following steps:
when the system works, liquid R245fa working medium absorbs heat and evaporates into high-temperature high-pressure gas R245fa in the evaporator 3, and pushes the vortex type gas expander 4 to rotate to output shaft work, the vortex type gas expander 4 is connected with the generator I5, and the generator I5 works and generates electricity under the driving of the vortex type gas expander 4; in the process of pushing the vortex type gas expander 4 to move to output shaft work outwards, the normally open valve V2 and the normally open valve V3 are kept in a normally open state so as to keep continuous power generation conditions;
the gaseous R245fa working medium enters the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 after passing through the condensation backflow prevention device 6 and is condensed into a liquid R245fa working medium, the liquid R245fa working medium is stored in the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 for a period of time, and after the storage capacity reaches the power generation requirement, the electromagnetic valve V6 and the electromagnetic valve V7 are opened, so that the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are communicated with the impeller type liquid expander 9;
in order to ensure the matching operation of the released working medium and the received working medium, the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are arranged in two; the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are not filled with working medium at the same time. Assuming that the natural convection air-cooled condenser i 7 reaches the release requirement first, the valve V4 is closed, the valve V6 is opened, the valve V5 is kept open, and the valve V7 is kept closed. After the liquid working medium is released, closing the valve V6, opening the valve V4, and continuously receiving and condensing the exhaust steam; similarly, after the natural convection air-cooled condenser ii 8 reaches the release requirement, the valve V5 is closed, the valve V7 is opened, the valve V4 is kept open, and the valve V6 is kept closed. After the liquid working medium is released, closing the valve V7 and opening the valve V5, so that the method works alternately, and the first stage (energy storage and power generation) process is ensured to be continuous;
the first-stage operation mode of the system comprises the processes of working medium steam acting outwards, generating power and storing energy;
after the liquid R245fa working medium is released through the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8, the pressure difference brought by gravitational potential energy is utilized to push the impeller type liquid expander 9 to move and output shaft work to the outside, and the generator II 10 is driven to generate power. It is worth emphasizing that in order to make the liquid working medium possess enough gravitational potential energy, the position of the impeller type liquid expander 9 should be low enough, and the positions of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 should be high enough, and the height difference between the two is above 100 meters;
the released liquid R245fa working medium works on the impeller type liquid expander 9 and then is conveyed to the preheater I1, at the moment, the inlet and outlet valves (the electromagnetic valve V8 and the electromagnetic valve V10) of the preheater I1 are closed, and the liquid R245fa working medium is preheated in the preheater I1 in a closed mode. When the liquid R245fa working medium is preheated to reach a set temperature and less R245fa working medium is contained in the preheater II 2, the valve V10 is opened, after the liquid R245fa working medium in the preheater II 2 reaches a specific capacity, the electromagnetic valve V10 is closed, the liquid R245fa working medium is preheated in the preheater II 2 for the second time and is conveyed to the evaporator 3 for a new cycle of power generation and energy storage circulation;
the second-stage operation mode of the system comprises the steps that the liquid R245fa working medium releases gravitational potential energy and generates electricity. It is noted that the second stage of system operation is not a continuous process, so that the electromagnetic valve V8 is introduced, and when the upper natural convection air-cooled condenser I7 and the natural convection air-cooled condenser II 8 are in the liquid storage stage, the electromagnetic valve V6, the electromagnetic valve V7 and the electromagnetic valve V8 are all in a closed state; for the electromagnetic valve V9, the primary preheating needs to control the preheating temperature so as to perform secondary preheating, so that the heat energy input quantity is regulated and controlled by the electromagnetic valve V9; the electromagnetic valve V10 is used for controlling the flow between the primary preheating and the secondary preheating so as to ensure the secondary preheating effect. It is noted that the valves (V4-V10) are controlled by the electronic control system 11 except that the valves V1, V2, V3 remain open.
Taking water pumping and energy storage as an example, the system stores energy when the power is surplus, unlike the invention, the invention aims to recover waste heat or utilize clean energy to store energy, and the energy storage device is more in accordance with the environment protection concept.
The application scene of the composite energy storage power generation system utilizing the heat energy and the gravitational potential energy of the power generation system comprises but is not limited to heat energy enrichment scenes such as high-rise buildings in industrial areas, giant ships, solar energy rich areas, geothermal energy rich areas and the like.
The inventive embodiments disclosed above are merely intended to help illustrate the inventive embodiments. The examples are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing heat energy and gravitational potential energy is characterized in that: the device comprises a preheater I (1), a preheater II (2), an evaporator (3), a vortex type gas expander (4), a generator I (5), a condensation backflow prevention device (6), a condenser, an impeller type liquid expander (9) and a generator II (10); the liquid outlet of the preheater I (1) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater II (2), the liquid outlet of the preheater II (2) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the evaporator (3), the gas outlet of the evaporator (3) is communicated with the gas inlet of the vortex type gas expander (4), the gas outlet of the vortex type gas expander (4) is communicated with the working medium exhaust steam inlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device (6), the vortex type gas expander (4) is connected with the generator I (5) through a shaft, the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation-preventing backflow device (6) is communicated with the gas inlet of the condenser, the liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander (9), the liquid outlet of the impeller type liquid expander (9) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the preheater I (1), and the impeller type liquid expander (9) is connected with the generator II (10) through a shaft;
the condenser is positioned at a high position, the impeller type liquid expander (9) is positioned at a low position, and a certain height difference is arranged between the condenser and the impeller type liquid expander (9).
2. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the two condensers are respectively a natural convection air-cooled condenser I (7) and a natural convection air-cooled condenser II (8), the working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device (6) is respectively communicated with the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I (7) and the air inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II (8), the liquid outlets of the two condensers are communicated with the liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander (9), and the two condensers work in an alternating mode when the liquid working medium is released.
3. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 2, wherein: the device comprises a condensation backflow prevention device (6), wherein a solenoid valve V4 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating a working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device (6) with an air inlet of a natural convection air-cooled condenser I (7), a solenoid valve V6 is arranged on a pipeline between a liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser I (7) and a liquid inlet of an impeller type liquid expander (9), a solenoid valve V5 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating a working medium exhaust steam outlet of the condensation backflow prevention device (6) with an air inlet of a natural convection air-cooled condenser II (8), and a solenoid valve V7 is arranged on a pipeline between a liquid outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser II (8) and a liquid inlet of the impeller type liquid expander (9).
4. A composite energy storage and generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as recited in claim 3, wherein: an electromagnetic valve V8 is arranged on a pipeline between the impeller type liquid expander (9) and the preheater I (1), and an electromagnetic valve V10 is arranged on a pipeline between the preheater I (1) and the preheater II (2).
5. A composite energy storage and generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as recited in claim 4, wherein: the energy sources of the two preheaters are heat energy, the heat energy input of the preheater I (1) is controlled through the electromagnetic valve V9, and the heat energy input of the preheater II (2) is controlled through the normally open valve V1.
6. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 5, wherein: the composite energy storage power generation system further comprises an electric control system (11), and all electromagnetic valves are electrically connected with the electric control system (11).
7. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the preheater I (1) and the preheater II (2) have a certain height difference.
8. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 1, wherein: a normally open valve V2 is arranged on a pipeline between the evaporator (3) and the vortex type gas expander (4), and a normally open valve V3 is arranged on a pipeline between the vortex type gas expander (4) and the condensation backflow preventing device (6).
9. A composite energy storage power generation system utilizing thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the energy of the evaporator (3) is derived from heat energy, and the heat energy input of the evaporator (3) comprises, but is not limited to, industrial waste heat, solar energy and geothermal energy.
10. A method of generating power using a composite energy storage power generation system of thermal energy and gravitational potential energy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: comprising the following steps:
the evaporator (3) is used for evaporating a working medium from the preheater II (2) into a high-temperature high-pressure gas state after receiving heat energy, the gas state working medium enters the vortex type gas expander (4) to enable the vortex type gas expander (4) to apply work so as to drive the generator I (5) to generate power, the gas state working medium passes through the condensation-preventing backflow device (6) to reach the condenser after applying work, the condensed liquid state working medium enters the impeller type liquid expander (9), the liquid state working medium pushes the impeller type liquid expander (9) to apply work by utilizing the pressure difference caused by gravitational potential energy and drives the generator II (10) to generate power, the liquid state working medium after applying work flows to the preheater I (1), and the liquid state working medium is transported to the evaporator (3) after being preheated by the preheater II (2) to form power generation energy storage circulation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117432493A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-23 | 南京天加能源科技有限公司 | Be applied to LNG gasification cold energy recovery's high-efficient ORC power generation system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117432493A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-23 | 南京天加能源科技有限公司 | Be applied to LNG gasification cold energy recovery's high-efficient ORC power generation system |
| CN117432493B (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-03-01 | 南京天加能源科技有限公司 | Be applied to LNG gasification cold energy recovery's high-efficient ORC power generation system |
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