CN116044311A - Air directional drilling system and method for underground crushed soft coal layer of coal mine - Google Patents
Air directional drilling system and method for underground crushed soft coal layer of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN116044311A CN116044311A CN202310015487.XA CN202310015487A CN116044311A CN 116044311 A CN116044311 A CN 116044311A CN 202310015487 A CN202310015487 A CN 202310015487A CN 116044311 A CN116044311 A CN 116044311A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
- E21C27/22—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by rotary drills with breaking-down means, e.g. wedge-shaped drills, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially perpendicular to the working face, e.g. MARIETTA-type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/24—Remote control specially adapted for machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N23/00—Special adaptations of check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
- F16N7/30—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
- F16N7/32—Mist lubrication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
- F16N7/38—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine underground crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling system and method, comprising an electric control directional drilling machine, an explosion-proof air compressor, a pneumatic screw motor, a measurement while drilling system, a multifunctional auxiliary vehicle, a remote controller, an orifice dust removal system, an oil mist lubrication system and a Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system. The orifice dust removal system solves the problem of coal dust pollution in the construction process; the oil mist lubrication system can adaptively adjust the filling amount of the lubricant according to the working state of the screw motor, so that long-distance conveying of the lubricant and continuous and efficient lubrication of the screw motor are realized, and the service life of the motor is ensured; kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system can automatically judge that the temperature in the hole is abnormal, and take cooling measures independently, so that the occurrence risk of fire in the hole in the drilling construction process is reduced, and real-time monitoring and abnormal early warning of compressed air flow, pressure and temperature data are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety geological assurance, and relates to an air directional drilling system and method for underground crushed soft coal layers of a coal mine.
Background
The broken soft coal seam is widely developed in high-gas mines in China, and has the characteristics of softness, breaking, hypotonic property and complex stress due to the geological structure effect of multiple times in the forming process. The construction of the gas extraction drilling holes on the crushed soft coal layer has the problems that the hole wall is easy to be unstable and damaged, the coal dust in the hole is difficult to clean, the drilling track cannot be accurately controlled, the hole completion method is limited, and the like.
The air directional drilling technology adopts an underground explosion-proof air compressor or a nitrogen generator to provide power, drives a pneumatic screw drilling tool to rotate to drive a drill bit to rotationally cut and drill, has the characteristics of small disturbance, contribution to hole wall stability and gas desorption, becomes an effective technical means for solving the construction problem of gas extraction drilling of crushed soft coal layers, and is widely popularized and applied in coal mine areas such as Guizhou, huainan and the like. With the continuous deep application, the problems of serious coal dust pollution, short service life of the pneumatic screw motor, incapability of timely finding and disposing high temperature in holes and the like in the construction site are gradually exposed. The prior art is lack of research on in-hole temperature monitoring and emergency cooling technology in the construction process, a plurality of auxiliary systems cannot be well integrated, operation is complex, and user use, maintenance and learning costs are high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coal mine underground crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling system and method, so as to solve the problems of dust pollution, poor lubrication of a screw motor, easy occurrence of high temperature in a hole and the like in the crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling construction process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the air directional drilling system for the underground crushed soft coal layer of the coal mine comprises an electric control directional drilling machine, an explosion-proof air compressor, a pneumatic screw motor and a measurement while drilling system, wherein the electric control directional drilling machine can drive the pneumatic screw motor to perform sliding directional drilling or rotary composite drilling according to the azimuth indication of the measurement while drilling system under the driving of the explosion-proof air compressor; the system also comprises a multifunctional auxiliary vehicle, a remote controller, an orifice dust removal system, an oil mist lubrication system and a Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system;
the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle comprises a crawler chassis, an auxiliary vehicle body platform and an auxiliary vehicle controller;
the orifice dust removing system comprises an orifice dust collecting device arranged at the front end of a main machine of the electric control directional drilling machine and a jet flow dust remover arranged on an auxiliary car body platform; a negative pressure sensor is arranged in the orifice dust collecting device, one end of the orifice dust collecting device is communicated with the drill hole in a sealing way, the other end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with the drill rod, the bottom of the orifice dust collecting device is a slag hole, the top of the orifice dust collecting device is provided with an air outlet hole, and the air outlet hole is connected with the jet dust remover through an air guide pipe; the jet dust remover comprises a group of water curtains and air atomizing spray heads which are respectively arranged along the flow direction of the sewage; the auxiliary vehicle controller can adjust the water supply electric control ball valve and the air supply electric control ball valve through the feedback information of the negative pressure sensor so as to control the water supply amount and the air draft amount of the jet dust remover;
the oil mist lubrication system comprises an air atomization nozzle arranged on the pneumatic screw motor, an oil tank arranged on the auxiliary vehicle body platform and an oil injection pump; the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank through the electromagnetic proportional valve, pressurize the lubricant and send the lubricant to the air atomizing nozzle to form jet-shaped oil mist which enters the pneumatic screw motor along with compressed air;
the Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor arranged on an orifice integrated device, a vortex flowmeter arranged on a pneumatic screw motor and an explosion-proof butterfly valve; the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to inject water into the air pressing pipeline of the pneumatic screw motor or control the explosion-proof butterfly valve to close the explosion-proof air compressor and the oil mist lubrication system by comparing the return air temperature obtained by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter; the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter can be fed back to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time and displayed on the remote controller.
The invention also comprises the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the electronically controlled directional drilling machine comprises a crawler body, a host machine, a pump station and a drilling machine controller, wherein the host machine, the pump station and the drilling machine controller are arranged on the crawler body; the pump station is provided with a pressure sensor to monitor the change conditions of pump pressure, feeding pressure, pulling pressure and return pressure in the drilling construction process in real time.
Specifically, the data collected by the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the negative pressure sensor can be transmitted to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time through the drilling machine controller and displayed on a remote controller screen in real time; the remote control can transmit control instructions to the drilling machine controller and the auxiliary vehicle controller.
Specifically, one end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with the drill hole through an orifice pipe to prevent air leakage of the drill hole, and the other end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with the drill rod through a sealing leather cup; slag discharging pipes and sealing belts are arranged at slag discharging holes at the bottoms of the orifice dust collecting devices so as to guide large-particle dust to the ground, and meanwhile dust is prevented from flying when the dust falls to the ground.
Specifically, a plurality of groups of blocking gaskets are arranged in the orifice dust collecting device along the movement direction of the slag returning in the orifice, and a water mist nozzle is arranged on the blocking gaskets to primarily block and settle large particles returned in the orifice.
Specifically, the tail end of the jet dust collector is provided with a gas collecting device and is connected with an underground negative pressure drainage pipe, and purified downhole return air is collected into the negative pressure drainage pipe so as to prevent gas overrun in a construction site.
The self-adaptive orifice dust removal method of the underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system of the coal mine comprises the following steps: in the drilling construction process, when the air draft quantity of the jet dust remover is larger than the air supply quantity of the explosion-proof air compressor, negative pressure is formed in the cavity of the orifice dust collecting device, and at the moment, the problem of dust leakage cannot occur; the negative pressure sensor in the orifice dust collecting device transmits the pressure value in the cavity to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the pressure value with a set value, and when the pressure value is larger than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to increase the opening of the valve core, so that the jet dust remover generates larger negative pressure to improve the sewage treatment capacity; when the pressure value is smaller than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to reduce the opening of the valve core, and reduces the negative pressure generated by the jet dust remover so as to reduce the jet noise and save water.
The pneumatic screw motor self-adaptive lubrication method of the underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system of the coal mine comprises the following steps: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank, pressurize the lubricant and send the lubricant to the air atomization nozzle through the electromagnetic proportional valve, the lubricant forms jet-shaped oil mist in the compressed air pipeline after entering the air atomization nozzle, when the pressure of the explosion-proof air compressor exceeds 0.5MPa, the diameter of oil mist particles is 7 mu m, so that the lubricant can be suspended in the air, enter the pneumatic screw motor along with compressed air, and realize continuous lubrication of the pneumatic screw motor and long-distance transportation of the lubricant;
the Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system is characterized in that air inlet flow and pressure data in a compressed air pipeline can be transmitted to an auxiliary vehicle controller, the auxiliary vehicle controller calculates the theoretical output flow of an oil injection pump according to the following formula (1), and the electromagnetic iron current value of an electromagnetic proportional valve is corresponding to the theoretical output flow to supply power to an electromagnet, so that the self-adaptive adjustment of the lubricant injection quantity of a pneumatic screw motor along with the air inlet flow is realized;
I＝10P＝30Q-100 (1)
wherein:
i is electromagnetic ferroelectric current value, unit (mA);
p is the flow rate of the oil injection pump, and the unit is L/h;
q is the air inlet flow rate of the compressed air pipeline, and the unit (m 3 /min)。
The method for monitoring the in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air by the underground crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling system of the coal mine comprises the following steps: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the in-hole return air temperature fed back by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature fed back by the vortex flowmeter, and if the return air temperature is abnormally increased, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to automatically inject a small amount of water into the air pressing pipeline for in-hole cooling; if the temperature of the return air exceeds a set value, the remote controller sends out abnormal temperature reminding in the hole; when operators receive abnormal reminding, manually check the air return and slag return conditions in the hole to confirm the high temperature in the hole, triggering an in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air monitoring system through one key of a remote controller, controlling an explosion-proof butterfly valve to close an explosion-proof air compressor pressure dividing inlet by an auxiliary vehicle controller at the moment, closing an oil mist lubrication system, opening an electric control ball valve, conveying underground static pressure water into the hole through an inner hole of a drill rod, and cooling a high-temperature coal rock mass to realize in-hole emergency cooling;
in the construction process, the vortex flowmeter can monitor the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature in real time and display the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature on a panel of the remote controller, and when the detection result is abnormal, the panel of the remote controller displays reminding to realize compressed air monitoring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention integrates the rated processing capacity of 32m 3 The wet jet orifice dust removal system of/min solves the problem of coal dust pollution in the construction process; an automatic oil mist lubrication system of the pneumatic screw motor is developed, the filling quantity of the lubrication medium can be adaptively adjusted according to the working state of the screw motor, long-distance transportation of the lubrication medium and continuous and efficient lubrication of the screw motor are realized, and the service life of the motor is ensured; an automatic in-hole emergency cooling system is built, so that the temperature abnormality in the hole can be automatically judged, cooling measures are automatically taken, and the occurrence risk of fire in the hole in the drilling construction process is reduced; a compressed air monitoring and early warning system is constructed, and real-time monitoring and abnormal early warning of compressed air flow, pressure and temperature data are realized. The successful development of the underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system solves the key problems in the air directional drilling construction, and lays a device foundation for popularization and application of the crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling technology and the 'one-hole two-elimination' gas control mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system components and piping connections of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a utility vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an orifice dust collection device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the orifice dust removal system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an oil mist lubrication system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of in-hole emergency cooling by the in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air monitoring system;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air monitoring system for compressed air monitoring.
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is:
1. the device comprises an electric control directional drilling machine, an explosion-proof air compressor, a pneumatic screw motor, a measurement while drilling system, a multifunctional auxiliary vehicle, 501, a crawler-type chassis, 502, an auxiliary vehicle platform, 503, an auxiliary vehicle controller, 601, an orifice dust collecting device, 6011, a negative pressure sensor, 6012, a slag outlet hole, 6013, an air outlet hole, 602, a jet dust remover, 701, an air atomization nozzle, 702, an oil tank, 801, a vortex flowmeter and 802, and an explosion-proof butterfly valve.
Detailed Description
The following specific embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment provides an air directional drilling system for a crushed soft coal layer in a coal mine, which comprises an electric control directional drilling machine 1, an explosion-proof air compressor 2, a pneumatic screw motor 3 and a measurement while drilling system 4, wherein the electric control directional drilling machine 1 can drive the pneumatic screw motor 3 to perform sliding directional drilling or rotary composite drilling under the driving of the explosion-proof air compressor 2 according to the direction indication of the measurement while drilling system 4; the system also comprises a multifunctional auxiliary vehicle 5, a remote controller, an orifice dust removal system, an oil mist lubrication system and a Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system; the switch and function switching of each system can be completed through remote operation of a remote controller; in the drilling process, the drill carriage wirelessly transmits data such as pump pressure, feeding pressure, rotation pressure and the like in the construction process to the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle 5 controller in real time, and the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle 5 is self-adaptively used for completing operation support such as orifice dust removal, screw motor lubrication, compressed air monitoring, in-hole temperature early warning, in-hole high-temperature intelligent treatment and the like according to drilling machine construction data, and a system pipeline connection diagram is shown in figure 1.
The multifunctional auxiliary vehicle 5 comprises a crawler chassis 501, an auxiliary vehicle body platform 502 and an auxiliary vehicle controller 503;
the orifice dust removing system comprises an orifice dust collecting device 601 arranged at the front end of a main machine of the electric control directional drilling machine 1 and also comprises a jet flow dust remover 602 arranged on an auxiliary car body platform; a negative pressure sensor 6011 is arranged in the orifice dust collecting device 601, one end of the orifice dust collecting device 601 is communicated with a drill hole in a sealing way, the other end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with a drill rod, the bottom of the orifice dust collecting device is a slag hole 6012, the top of the orifice dust collecting device is provided with an air outlet hole 6013, and the air outlet hole 6013 is connected with the jet dust collector 602 through an air guide pipe; jet dust collector 602 includes a set of water curtains and atomizer heads arranged along the direction of flow of the dirty air; the auxiliary vehicle controller can adjust the water supply electric control ball valve and the air supply electric control ball valve through the feedback information of the negative pressure sensor so as to control the water supply amount and the air draft amount of the jet dust remover;
the oil mist lubrication system comprises an air atomization spray nozzle 701 arranged on a compressed air pipeline, an oil tank 702 arranged on an auxiliary vehicle body platform and an oil injection pump; the air atomization spray head 701 is respectively communicated with the explosion-proof air compressor 2 and the oil injection pump, and the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank through the electromagnetic proportional valve, and then the lubricant is pressurized and sent to the air atomization spray head to form jet-shaped oil mist which enters the pneumatic screw motor 3 along with compressed air;
kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor arranged on an orifice integrated device, a vortex flowmeter 801 arranged on a pneumatic screw motor 3 and an explosion-proof butterfly valve 802; the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to inject water into the compressed air pipeline of the pneumatic screw motor 3 or control the explosion-proof butterfly valve 802 to close the explosion-proof air compressor 2 and the oil mist lubrication system by comparing the return air temperature obtained by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter; the air intake pressure, flow and air intake temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter 801 can be fed back to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time and displayed on the remote controller.
The electric control directional drilling machine 1 comprises a crawler body, a host machine, a pump station and a drilling machine controller, wherein the host machine, the pump station and the drilling machine controller are arranged on the crawler body; the pump station is provided with a pressure sensor to monitor the change conditions of the pump pressure, the feeding pressure, the pulling pressure and the return pressure in the drilling construction process in real time.
The data collected by the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the negative pressure sensor can be transmitted to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time through the drilling machine controller and displayed on a remote controller screen in real time; the remote controller can transmit control instructions to the drilling machine controller and the auxiliary vehicle controller; and receiving and displaying the compressed air returned by the controller, pump station data, orifice return air temperature and the like; the auxiliary vehicle controller transmits construction data of the drilling machine according to the drilling machine controller, and controls the actions of the electric control ball valve, the explosion-proof butterfly valve and the electromagnetic proportion multi-way valve according to a preset program after calculation, so that the on-off of air compressor air compression, underground static air compression and static water and the start and stop of the oil injection pump are controlled, and each auxiliary system is controlled.
The orifice dust collecting device 601 of the embodiment adopts a box type structure, one end of the orifice dust collecting device 601 is sealed with a drill hole through an orifice pipe to prevent air leakage of the drill hole, and the other end is sealed with a drill rod through a sealing leather cup; the slag discharging pipe and the sealing belt are arranged at the slag discharging hole at the bottom of the orifice dust collecting device 601 so as to guide large-particle dust to the ground, and meanwhile, dust is prevented from flying when the dust falls to the ground.
A plurality of groups of blocking gaskets are arranged in the orifice dust collecting device 601 along the movement direction of the slag returning in the orifice, and water mist spray heads are arranged on the blocking gaskets to primarily block and settle large particles returned in the orifice.
The tail end of the jet dust collector 602 is provided with a gas collecting device and is connected with a downhole negative pressure drainage pipe, and purified downhole return air is collected into the negative pressure drainage pipe so as to prevent gas overrun in a construction site.
Example 2:
the adaptive orifice dust removal method of the underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system of the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps: in order to ensure that the polluted air cannot leak out of the gap between the orifice dust collecting device and the drill rod to cause on-site dust pollution in the drilling construction process, the cavity of the orifice dust collecting device must be kept at a negative pressure all the time; the negative pressure in the cavity of the orifice dust collecting device mainly depends on the air suction quantity of the jet flow dust remover and the air supply quantity of the air compressor, and when the air suction quantity of the jet flow dust remover is larger than the air supply quantity of the explosion-proof air compressor, the negative pressure is formed in the cavity of the orifice dust collecting device, so that the problem of dust leakage cannot occur; the negative pressure sensor in the orifice dust collecting device transmits the pressure value in the cavity to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the pressure value with a set value, and when the pressure value is larger than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to increase the opening of the valve core, so that the jet dust remover generates larger negative pressure to improve the sewage treatment capacity; when the pressure value is smaller than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to reduce the opening of the valve core, and reduces the negative pressure generated by the jet dust remover so as to reduce the jet noise and save water.
Because the jet flow dust remover adopts underground static pressure air as a power source, negative pressure suction orifice dirty air is generated, and the dirty air is purified by utilizing a water curtain dust fall mode. Therefore, the operation requirements of boiling water, then opening wind, closing wind and then closing water are strictly met when the novel water heater is used. When the dust remover is started, water supply is required to be started firstly, and then air supply is required to be started; the dust remover is closed, the air supply is required to be closed firstly, and then the water supply is required to be closed, otherwise, coal and rock powder in the polluted air possibly enters the spray head, so that the spray head is blocked. In order to avoid faults, the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle adopts two groups of electric control ball valves to respectively control air supply and water supply of the dust removal system, realizes one-key control of opening and closing of the system through a control program, and avoids the possibility of device faults caused by improper operation.
Example 3:
in the pneumatic screw motor self-adaptive lubrication method of the underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system of the embodiment 1, in order to increase the lubricating oil conveying distance, the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle adopts an air atomization mode, compressed air and a lubricating medium are mixed through an air atomization nozzle, the lubricating medium is converted into an oil mist form, the lubricating medium is suspended in air flowing at a high speed, the conveying distance of the lubricating medium is increased, and continuous lubrication of the pneumatic screw motor in the drilling process is realized. The method specifically comprises the following steps: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank, pressurize the lubricant and send the lubricant to the air atomization nozzle through the electromagnetic proportional valve, the lubricant forms jet-shaped oil mist in the compressed air pipeline after entering the air atomization nozzle, when the pressure of the explosion-proof air compressor exceeds 0.5MPa, the diameter of oil mist particles is about 7 mu m, so that the lubricant can be well suspended in the air, enter the pneumatic screw motor along with compressed air, and realize continuous lubrication of the pneumatic screw motor and long-distance transportation of the lubricant;
the larger the air inlet flow of the compressed air pipeline is, the higher the rotating speed of the pneumatic screw motor is, the more lubricant is needed by the pneumatic screw motor, the self-adaptive adjustment is carried out on the lubricating oil filling quantity of the screw motor according to the flow of the compressed air pipeline, the service life of the screw motor can be better ensured, and meanwhile, the waste of oil is avoided; kong Naying rapid cooling and air pressure monitoring system, and the air inlet flow and pressure data in the air pressure pipeline can be transmitted to an auxiliary vehicle controller, the auxiliary vehicle controller calculates the theoretical output flow of the oil injection pump according to the following formula (1), and supplies power to the electromagnet according to the electromagnetic ferroelectric current value of the electromagnetic proportional valve corresponding to the theoretical output flow, the larger the electromagnetic ferroelectric current value is, the larger the valve core opening amount of the electromagnetic proportional valve is, the more oil is output by the oil injection pump, so that the self-adaptive adjustment of the lubricant injection amount of the pneumatic screw motor along with the air inlet flow is realized;
I＝10P＝30Q-100 (1)
wherein:
i is electromagnetic ferroelectric current value, unit (mA);
p is the flow rate of the oil injection pump, and the unit is L/h;
q is the air inlet flow rate of the compressed air pipeline, and the unit (m 3 /min)。
Example 4:
the method for monitoring the rapid cooling and the compressed air in the hole by the directional drilling system for the underground crushed soft coal layer air in the coal mine of the embodiment 1 is characterized in that a great amount of heat is generated by cutting coal and rock by a drill bit in the construction process of directional drilling, and if the heat cannot be timely taken away, local high temperature in the drill hole can possibly be generated, and even fire in the hole can occur. In the air directional drilling construction, compressed air is mostly adopted as a power source, and because oxygen in the air has combustion supporting property, the in-hole fire disaster needs to be emphasized and prevented. The multifunctional auxiliary vehicle integrates the functions of orifice air inlet, return air temperature monitoring and emergency in-hole cooling, and removes fire hazard in the hole when compressed air is used as a driving medium. The method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the in-hole return air temperature fed back by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature fed back by the vortex flowmeter, and if the return air temperature is abnormally increased, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to automatically inject a small amount of water into the air pressing pipeline for in-hole cooling; if the temperature of the return air exceeds a set value and the temperature in the hole cannot be controlled by starting the cooling program for multiple times, the remote controller sends out abnormal reminding of the temperature in the hole; when operators receive abnormal reminding, manually check the air return and slag return conditions in the hole to confirm the high temperature in the hole, triggering an in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air monitoring system through one key of a remote controller, controlling an explosion-proof butterfly valve to close an explosion-proof air compressor pressure dividing inlet by an auxiliary vehicle controller at the moment, closing an oil mist lubrication system, opening an electric control ball valve, conveying underground static pressure water into the hole through an inner hole of a drill rod, and cooling a high-temperature coal rock mass to realize in-hole emergency cooling; the system realizes the real-time monitoring of the air inlet temperature and the air reversing temperature, can automatically perform treatment at the high temperature in the hole, avoids the occurrence of fire in the hole, and ensures the safety of air directional drilling construction.
In the construction process, the pressure and flow of the input compressed gas are the most direct indexes for reflecting the construction condition in the hole and the working condition of the screw drilling tool. The constructor needs to accurately check the data in time for judging Kong Naqing conditions and performing timely treatment; the vortex flowmeter can monitor the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature in real time and display the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature on a panel of the remote controller, so that constructors can check the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature conveniently. When the detection result is abnormal, the remote controller panel displays and reminds, so that constructors can conveniently judge faults, and compressed air monitoring is realized.
Claims (9)
1. The air directional drilling system for the underground crushed soft coal layer of the coal mine comprises an electric control directional drilling machine, an explosion-proof air compressor, a pneumatic screw motor and a measurement while drilling system, wherein the electric control directional drilling machine can drive the pneumatic screw motor to perform sliding directional drilling or rotary composite drilling according to the azimuth indication of the measurement while drilling system under the driving of the explosion-proof air compressor; the intelligent air conditioner is characterized by further comprising a multifunctional auxiliary vehicle, a remote controller, an orifice dust removing system, an oil mist lubricating system and a Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system;
the multifunctional auxiliary vehicle comprises a crawler chassis, an auxiliary vehicle body platform and an auxiliary vehicle controller;
the orifice dust removing system comprises an orifice dust collecting device arranged at the front end of a main machine of the electric control directional drilling machine and a jet flow dust remover arranged on an auxiliary car body platform; a negative pressure sensor is arranged in the orifice dust collecting device, one end of the orifice dust collecting device is communicated with the drill hole in a sealing way, the other end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with the drill rod, the bottom of the orifice dust collecting device is a slag hole, the top of the orifice dust collecting device is provided with an air outlet hole, and the air outlet hole is connected with the jet dust remover through an air guide pipe; the jet dust remover comprises a group of water curtains and atomizing spray heads which are respectively arranged along the flow direction of the sewage; the auxiliary vehicle controller can adjust the water supply electric control ball valve and the air supply electric control ball valve through the feedback information of the negative pressure sensor so as to control the water supply amount and the air draft amount of the jet dust remover;
the oil mist lubrication system comprises an air atomization nozzle arranged on the pneumatic screw motor, an oil tank arranged on the auxiliary vehicle body platform and an oil injection pump; the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank through the electromagnetic proportional valve, pressurize the lubricant and send the lubricant to the air atomizing nozzle to form jet-shaped oil mist which enters the pneumatic screw motor along with compressed air;
the Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor arranged on an orifice integrated device, a vortex flowmeter arranged on a pneumatic screw motor and an explosion-proof butterfly valve; the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to inject water into the air pressing pipeline of the pneumatic screw motor or control the explosion-proof butterfly valve to close the explosion-proof air compressor and the oil mist lubrication system by comparing the return air temperature obtained by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter; the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature obtained by the vortex flowmeter can be fed back to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time and displayed on the remote controller.
2. The underground coal mine soft coal seam air directional drilling system of claim 1, wherein the electronically controlled directional drilling machine comprises a crawler body, a host machine arranged on the crawler body, a pump station and a drilling machine controller; the pump station is provided with a pressure sensor to monitor the change conditions of pump pressure, feeding pressure, pulling pressure and return pressure in the drilling construction process in real time.
3. The underground crushed soft coal seam air directional drilling system of claim 2, wherein the data collected by the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the negative pressure sensor can be transmitted to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time through the drilling machine controller and displayed on a remote controller screen in real time; the remote control can transmit control instructions to the drilling machine controller and the auxiliary vehicle controller.
4. The underground crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling system of claim 1, wherein one end of the orifice dust collecting device is sealed with the drill hole through an orifice pipe to prevent air leakage of the drill hole, and the other end is sealed with the drill rod through a sealing leather cup; slag discharging pipes and sealing belts are arranged at slag discharging holes at the bottoms of the orifice dust collecting devices so as to guide large-particle dust to the ground, and meanwhile dust is prevented from flying when the dust falls to the ground.
5. The directional drilling system for air in underground crushed soft coal layers of coal mines according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of blocking gaskets are arranged in the orifice dust collecting device along the movement direction of the returned slag in the holes, and water mist spray heads are arranged on the blocking gaskets to primarily block and settle large particles returned from the holes.
6. The underground crushed soft coal layer air directional drilling system of claim 1, wherein the jet dust remover is provided with a gas collecting device at the tail end and is connected with an underground negative pressure drainage pipe, and purified downhole return air is collected into the negative pressure drainage pipe to prevent gas overrun in a construction site.
7. The method for removing dust from adaptive orifices of an air directional drilling system for underground crushed soft coal beds of a coal mine of claim 1, comprising the steps of: in the drilling construction process, when the air draft quantity of the jet dust remover is larger than the air supply quantity of the explosion-proof air compressor, negative pressure is formed in the cavity of the orifice dust collecting device, and at the moment, the problem of dust leakage cannot occur; the negative pressure sensor in the orifice dust collecting device transmits the pressure value in the cavity to the auxiliary vehicle controller in real time, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the pressure value with a set value, and when the pressure value is larger than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to increase the opening of the valve core, so that the jet dust remover generates larger negative pressure to improve the sewage treatment capacity; when the pressure value is smaller than the set value, the auxiliary vehicle controller controls the water supply electric control ball valve and the wind supply electric control ball valve to reduce the opening of the valve core, and reduces the negative pressure generated by the jet dust remover so as to reduce the jet noise and save water.
8. The method for adaptively lubricating an air screw motor of an air directional drilling system for a crushed soft coal seam of a coal mine as set forth in claim 1, comprising: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the oil injection pump to pump lubricant from the oil tank, pressurize the lubricant and send the lubricant to the air atomization nozzle through the electromagnetic proportional valve, the lubricant forms jet-shaped oil mist in the compressed air pipeline after entering the air atomization nozzle, when the pressure of the explosion-proof air compressor exceeds 0.5MPa, the diameter of oil mist particles is 7 mu m, so that the lubricant can be suspended in the air, enter the pneumatic screw motor along with compressed air, and realize continuous lubrication of the pneumatic screw motor and long-distance transportation of the lubricant;
the Kong Naying rapid cooling and compressed air monitoring system is characterized in that air inlet flow and pressure data in a compressed air pipeline can be transmitted to an auxiliary vehicle controller, the auxiliary vehicle controller calculates the theoretical output flow of an oil injection pump according to the following formula (1), and the electromagnetic iron current value of an electromagnetic proportional valve is corresponding to the theoretical output flow to supply power to an electromagnet, so that the self-adaptive adjustment of the lubricant injection quantity of a pneumatic screw motor along with the air inlet flow is realized;
I＝10P＝30Q-100 (1)
wherein:
i is electromagnetic ferroelectric current value, unit (mA);
p is the flow rate of the oil injection pump, and the unit is L/h;
q is the air inlet flow rate of the compressed air pipeline, and the unit (m 3 /min)。
9. The method for monitoring the emergency cooling and the compressed air in the hole by the air directional drilling system of the underground crushed soft coal layer of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the drilling construction process, the auxiliary vehicle controller compares the in-hole return air temperature fed back by the temperature sensor with the air inlet temperature fed back by the vortex flowmeter, and if the return air temperature is abnormally increased, the auxiliary vehicle controller can control the electric control ball valve to automatically inject a small amount of water into the air pressing pipeline for in-hole cooling; if the temperature of the return air exceeds a set value, the remote controller sends out abnormal temperature reminding in the hole; when operators receive abnormal reminding, manually check the air return and slag return conditions in the hole to confirm the high temperature in the hole, triggering an in-hole emergency cooling and compressed air monitoring system through one key of a remote controller, controlling an explosion-proof butterfly valve to close an explosion-proof air compressor pressure dividing inlet by an auxiliary vehicle controller at the moment, closing an oil mist lubrication system, opening an electric control ball valve, conveying underground static pressure water into the hole through an inner hole of a drill rod, and cooling a high-temperature coal rock mass to realize in-hole emergency cooling;
in the construction process, the vortex flowmeter can monitor the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature in real time and display the air inlet pressure, flow and air inlet temperature on a panel of the remote controller, and when the detection result is abnormal, the panel of the remote controller displays reminding to realize compressed air monitoring.
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| CN116464502A (en) * | 2023-05-27 | 2023-07-21 | 中煤第三建设（集团）有限责任公司 | Pneumatic directional pore-forming construction method for high-stress broken soft coal layer gas extraction drilling |
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| CN116464502A (en) * | 2023-05-27 | 2023-07-21 | 中煤第三建设（集团）有限责任公司 | Pneumatic directional pore-forming construction method for high-stress broken soft coal layer gas extraction drilling |
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