CN1160437C - Catalytic cracking catalyst with function of reducing sulfur content of gasoline - Google Patents

Catalytic cracking catalyst with function of reducing sulfur content of gasoline Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1160437C
CN1160437C CNB01136971XA CN01136971A CN1160437C CN 1160437 C CN1160437 C CN 1160437C CN B01136971X A CNB01136971X A CN B01136971XA CN 01136971 A CN01136971 A CN 01136971A CN 1160437 C CN1160437 C CN 1160437C
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catalyzer
zeolite
gasoline
rare earth
metal
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CNB01136971XA
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CN1356374A (en
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李春义
山红红
马安
杨朝合
张建芳
袁起民
赵博艺
郑俊生
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Petrochina Co Ltd
China University of Petroleum East China
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Petrochina Co Ltd
China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

A catalytic cracking catalyst with the function of reducing sulfur content in gasoline is prepared from zeolite as cracking active component, rare-earth material as hydrogen transfer promoting center, and the composite oxide of metal oxide with large specific surface area and multiple metal oxides as carrier of catalyst2S, thus facilitating the recycling of sulfur and reducing SO in the flue gasxDischarge and is beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

Has the catalytic cracking catalyst that reduces the content of sulfur in gasoline function
The present invention relates to a kind of catalytic cracking catalyst that reduces the content of sulfur in gasoline function that has, it is the innovation that belongs in the petroleum refining industry the light-end products process for refining.It mainly is to have developed a kind of novel catalytic cracking catalyst that can reduce the FCC content of sulfur in gasoline, and this catalyzer both can mix use with certain proportion with common FCC catalyzer, also can be used as catalytic cracking catalyst and used separately; Existing catalytic cracking function has the content of sulfur in gasoline of reduction function again.
Gasoline is one of main products in the petroleum refining process.People have often taked the complete processing of many raising light-end products yields in order to obtain more light-end products from crude oil in the process in refining of petroleum, catalytic cracking is exactly one of main processing means, and catalytically cracked gasoline also is its main product.And the sulphur in the gasoline more than 90% from the catalytically cracked gasoline component, thereby the sulphur content that reduces catalytically cracked gasoline is to reduce the key of content of sulfur in gasoline.In order to reduce the sulphur content of catalytically cracked gasoline, all be the method for gasoline being carried out hydrogenation that adopts usually, this method cost height, gasoline octane rating reduces; Though it is a kind of very effective sulfur method that catalytically cracked gasoline is carried out hydrogenation, the cost height of hydrogenation, the octane value of gasoline also can decrease because of alkene is saturated.Though Wormsbecher and Kim (U.S.Pat.No.5,525,210 and U.S.Pat.No.5,376,608) the catalytically cracked gasoline sweetening additive of invention can add in the catalytic cracking reaction process at any time, also the sweetening additive component can be prepared in the catalytic cracking catalyst, can play certain desulfidation, but absolute desulfurization amount is lower, has only about 100 μ g/g, and addition can not arbitrarily increase, otherwise can influence the products distribution of catalytic cracking process.The hydrogenation ability of China refinery is lower, and most catalytically cracked materials are without hydrotreatment.Divide angle to consider from production cost, if can be in catalytic cracking process the sulphur content of gasoline component be reduced to below the national standard, not only can reduce the investment of refinery equipment, and can reduce production link, product purification loss and process cost, thereby reduce production cost.
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of catalytic cracking catalyst that reduces the content of sulfur in gasoline function that has with regard to being to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, this catalyzer not only has the function of common catalytic cracking catalyst, but also have the effect that reduces content of sulfur in gasoline simultaneously, make the sulphur content ratio of the gasoline of production use the sulphur content of the gasoline of common catalytic cracking catalyst production that remarkable reduction is arranged.This catalyzer both can use as catalytic cracking catalyst separately, also can mix use with common catalytic cracking catalyst as one sees fit according to the actual sulphur content situation of the gasoline of producing.Use this catalytic cracking catalyst with gasoline desulfur function, the sulfide overwhelming majority who removes changes into hydro carbons and H 2S is convenient to the recycling of sulphur and the SOx discharging in the minimizing flue gas like this, is beneficial to environmental protection.Because the sulfide in the catalytically cracked material is of a great variety, complex structure behind catalytic cracking reaction, can generate mercaptan, thioether and thiophenes etc., and in the majority with the thiophene-based material.Mercaptan, thioether can be on an acidic catalyst remove wherein sulphur through hydrogen transference, cracking reaction; The thiophene-based material is first cracking open loop on the B acid site of an acidic catalyst earlier then, generates the middle species of thio-alcohol, and species pass through hydrogen transference, cracking reaction again in the middle of the thio-alcohol, and sulphur wherein changes into H 2S removes.Therefore, when this catalytic cracking catalyst with desulfurizing function of design, the inventor considers that catalyzer at first will have suitable hydrocarbon cracking activity and higher sulfide cracking activity, catalyzer also must have the ability of the sulfide in the selective adsorption product gasoline in addition, makes it change into hydrocarbon and H in the heart in cracking activity 2S.So, be to be as catalyzer cracking activity component on catalyst design with zeolitic material, rare earth material promotes the center as the hydrogen transference of catalyzer, the composite oxides that the metal oxide of large specific surface and multiple metal oxide are formed are then as the carrier of catalyzer, be to select the MCM series zeolite on Preparation of catalysts, ZSM-5, the β zeolite, HY and USY etc. have more highly acid material as the cracking activity component, select Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, As, Hg, Ni, Zr, Sn, Ga and Ti etc. have the compound or complex oxide formed than the oxide compound of large specific surface and appropriate acid or by these metal oxides as carrier, consider that sulfide hydrogen transfer reactions in the cracking sweetening process plays a very important role, for promoting hydrogen transfer reactions, in catalyzer, add proper amount of rare-earth, as La, Ce, Pr, the oxide compound of Nd and Sm etc.This Preparation of catalysts is comprehensively to have adopted pickling process and coprecipitation method, promptly can make catalyzer of the present invention by following steps:
(1) floods 0.1~50% rare earth on the acid zeolite, after 5~10 hours,, rare earth is dispersed on the zeolite with the form of oxide compound again 200~700 ℃ of roastings 0.5~10 hour 60~200 ℃ of dryings;
(2) one or more are had the soluble salt of metal of strong affinity interaction and the soluble salt of rare earth to sulfide and be dissolved in the distilled water, be mixed with concentration at 0.5~30% solution.The zeolite of dipping rare earth is ground into fine powder, by 1~80% joining in the metal salt solution of being prepared into finished catalyst.The salts solution that will add zeolite powder with agitator fully stirs, and drips 0.1~25% KOH, NaOH or NH in the process that stirs 3H 2The aqueous solution of O allows the precipitate metal hydroxides that forms equably zeolite be contained;
(3) after metal ion changes into precipitation of hydroxide fully, the throw out that obtains is left standstill 5~10h;
(4) throw out is carried out suction filtration, and with an amount of distilled water wash 3~5 times.The gained filter cake is at 50~200 ℃ of drying 10~24h hours, and roasting 1~24 hour in 300~900 ℃ retort furnace is then pulverized and sieved, and can obtain desired catalyzer.
Below in conjunction with embodiment in detail technical characterstic of the present invention is described in detail.
When actual design and preparation catalyzer of the present invention, the inventor adopts above-mentioned preparation section, adopts different metal oxides to make following two kinds of catalyzer as carrier:
1. embodiment 1. takes by weighing USY zeolite 150g, and wet method was flooded several times and contained the solution that lanthanum trioxide is 0.01g/mL at the beginning of employing was dipped into, and had flooded all dry 1h in 100 ℃ baking oven, then at 500 ℃ of roasting 2h at every turn.Obtain containing 10%La 2O 3La-USY.Grind to form behind the fine powder La-USY standby.2. take by weighing ZrOCl 28H 2O and Al (NO 3) 39H 2Each 200g of O and 2000g join in the beaker of a 2000mL.Add distilled water 500g, under heating condition, constantly stir, make two kinds of salt dissolvings.3. the La-USY powder is joined in this beaker, after fully stirring, under the condition of high-speed stirring, slowly drip NH 3H 2O all becomes solid precipitation to the solution in the beaker.Leave standstill 6h.4. throw out is moved in the cloth formula funnel and carry out suction filtration, and repeatedly wash, remove the NH in the precipitation as far as possible with distilled water 4 +And NO 3 -Filter cake is dry 20h in 150 ℃ baking oven, again roasting 6h in 600 ℃ retort furnace.The break-up of catalyst that obtains, sieve out O.078~particle of 0.18mm.Like this, just, prepared La-USY/ZrO 2/ Al 2O 3Has the catalytic cracking catalyst that reduces the content of sulfur in gasoline function.
Fluidized-bed evaluation result to this catalyzer shows, under suitable reaction conditions and sufficiently high addition condition, compares with using pure FCC catalyzer, and the sulphur content of the gasoline of generation is low more than 35%, and the yield of gasoline and liquefied gas also has obvious the raising.
1. embodiment 2. takes by weighing USY zeolite 150g, and wet method was flooded several times and contained the solution that lanthanum trioxide is 0.01g/mL at the beginning of employing was dipped into, and had flooded all dry 1h in 100 ℃ baking oven, then at 500 ℃ of roasting 2h at every turn.Obtain containing 10%La 2O 3La-USY.Grind to form behind the fine powder La-USY standby.2. take by weighing Zn (NO 3) 26H 2O and Al (NO 3) 39H 2Each 650g of O and 1300g join in the beaker of a 2000mL.Add distilled water 500g, under heating condition, constantly stir, make two kinds of salt dissolvings.3. the La-USY powder is joined in this beaker, after fully stirring, under the condition of high-speed stirring, slowly drip NH 3H 2O all becomes solid precipitation to the solution in the beaker.Leave standstill 6h.4. throw out is moved in the cloth formula funnel and carry out suction filtration, and repeatedly wash, remove the NH in the precipitation as far as possible with distilled water 4 +And NO 3 -Filter cake is dry 20h in 150 ℃ baking oven, again roasting 6h in 600 ℃ retort furnace.The break-up of catalyst that obtains, sieve out the particle of 0.078~0.18mm.Like this, just, prepared La-USY/ZnO 2/ Al 2O 3Has the catalytic cracking catalyst that reduces the content of sulfur in gasoline function.
Undertaken under the blended condition by 3/7 at this catalyzer and common FCC catalyzer, be to react under 5 the condition at 500 ℃, agent-oil ratio, the sulphur content of the gasoline that generates is about 630 μ g/g, with the sulphur content with the gasoline that uses pure FCC catalyzer to generate under the condition be 1116 μ g/g ratios, sulphur content has reduced by 43.5%.As seen, sulphur effect highly significant falls.
Through the fluidized-bed evaluation, prove guaranteeing catalytic cracking production not to be distributed to produce under the situation of bad influence to have tangible sweetening effectiveness by prescription of the present invention and the prepared catalytic cracking catalyst of preparation method with desulfurizing function.With the decompressed wax oil is raw material, experimental result on fluid catalystic cracking reaction evaluating device shows, be respectively in agent-oil ratio, temperature of reaction under 5 and 500 ℃ the condition, the common catalytic cracking catalyst of simple use, sulphur content in the gasoline that generates is 1100 μ g/g (Ignition Lamp Method, down together), after adding the catalyzer with desulfurizing function of preparation, the sulphur content of gasoline reduces with the increase of addition, when use pure developed have the catalyzer of desulfurizing function the time, sulphur content has dropped to 700 μ g/g.Compare with using pure common catalytic cracking catalyst, use pure desulfurization catalyst, sulphur content can reduce more than 35%, and absolute desulfurization amount is about 400 μ g/g.Under 500 ℃, different agent-oil ratio condition, to using the pure FCC catalyzer and the sulphur content comparing result of the gasoline that uses FCC and 30% desulfurization catalyst (DS) blended mixed catalyst to generate to show, increase along with agent-oil ratio, the sulphur content of the gasoline of two kinds of catalyzer generations all descends, and the sulphur content of the gasoline of spent mixed catalyst generation is all hanged down about 250 μ g/g than the sulphur content of the gasoline that uses pure FCC catalyzer to generate.In addition, behind the interpolation desulfurization catalyst, the yield of gasoline and liquefied gas increases along with the increase of desulfurization catalyst addition in the FCC catalyzer, and the yield of dry gas only slightly increases.As seen, this desulfurization catalyst does not have disadvantageous effect to the distribution of catalytic cracking production.This catalyzer is regenerated through repeated multiple times, and activity of such catalysts, stability, specific surface area and crystal phase structure do not have considerable change, illustrates that this catalyzer has good stability.

Claims (2)

1. have the purposes of the catalyzer of reduction content of sulfur in gasoline function as the FCC catalyzer, this catalyzer mainly is by zeolitic material, rare earth material is formed with the metal oxide that has than large specific surface, it is characterized in that this catalyzer is to have more highly acid zeolitic material as catalyzer cracking activity component, rare earth material promotes the center as the hydrogen transference of catalyzer, to have the compound or complex oxide formed than the metal oxide of large specific surface and appropriate acid or by these metal oxides as carrier, wherein said zeolitic material is the MCM series zeolite, ZSM-5, the β zeolite, HY or USY zeolite, the described metal oxide that has than large specific surface and appropriate acid is Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, As, Hg, Ni, Zr, Sn, a kind of oxide compound of Ga or Ti or by several formed composite oxides or complex oxide in these metal oxides, the method for its preparation is comprehensively to adopt pickling process and coprecipitation method:
(1) on acid zeolite, floods 0.1~50% rare earth, after 5~10 hours,, rare earth is dispersed on the zeolite with the form of oxide compound again 200~700 ℃ of roastings 0.5~10 hour 60~200 ℃ of dryings;
(2) one or more are had than the soluble salt of the metal of affinity interaction and the soluble salt of rare earth are dissolved in the distilled water by force sulfide, be mixed with concentration at 0.5~30% solution, the zeolite of dipping rare earth is ground into fine powder, by 1~80% joining in the metal salt solution of being prepared into finished catalyst, the salts solution that will add zeolite powder with agitator fully stirs, and drips 0.1~25% KOH, NaOH or NH in the process that stirs 3H 2The aqueous solution of O allows the precipitate metal hydroxides that forms equably zeolite be contained;
(3) after metal ion changes into precipitation of hydroxide fully, the throw out that obtains was left standstill 5~10 hours;
(4) throw out is carried out suction filtration, and with an amount of distilled water wash 3~5 times, the gained filter cake is 50~200 ℃ of dryings 10~24 hours, and roasting 1~24 hour in 300~900 ℃ retort furnace is then pulverized and sieved, and can obtain desired catalyzer.
2. purposes according to claim 1 is characterized in that described rare earth material is a kind of oxide compound or several oxide compound of La, Ce, Pr, Nd or Sm.
CNB01136971XA 2001-12-27 2001-12-27 Catalytic cracking catalyst with function of reducing sulfur content of gasoline Expired - Fee Related CN1160437C (en)

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CN103861436B (en) * 2014-03-20 2016-03-30 中国石油大学(华东) Catalytic cracking fuel gas sulfur transfer additive of multiphase and preparation method thereof and application
CN109364985A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-22 陈开龙 A kind of catalytic gasoline absorbing desulfurization catalyst and preparation method thereof

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