CN116043075A - High-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8.5 to 10 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Mg, 0 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Mo, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.15 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Sr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Ca, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a raw material; (2) Heating pure Al and Al-Si intermediate alloy to form a melt in a protective atmosphere; (3) Adding pure Cu, al-Mn, al-Mo and Al-Fe intermediate alloy, and preserving heat for 3-10 min at 735-750 ℃; (4) Adding Al-Ti and Al-Zr intermediate alloy at 720-730 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-10 min; (5) adding pure Mg and Zn at 700-710 ℃ and preserving heat for 5-15 min; (6) Degassing at 720-730 ℃, standing in a standing furnace for 8-10 min, and skimming; (7) modification of eutectic Si at 710-720 ℃; (8) Transferring the melt to a permanent magnet stirrer for stirring at 700-720 ℃ and solidifying. The method is simple and efficient, reduces energy consumption, ensures product quality and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the increasingly prominent resource and environmental problems, various countries in the world have urgent requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction of the automobile industry, and the 'automobile weight reduction' becomes one of important ways of energy conservation and emission reduction of the automobile industry. The Al-Si-Mg-Mn alloy is prepared by adding Mg, mn, cu and other elements on the basis of an Al-Si binary alloy, has the remarkable characteristics of low density, easy casting property, excellent weldability, good wear resistance, outstanding corrosion resistance, proper die casting design and the like of the Al-Si binary alloy, has the advantages of good fluidity, small shrinkage, compact casting, difficult generation of casting cracks and the like, is widely applied to the field of automobile structural parts, such as automobile body structures, wheels, gear boxes, battery shells and the like, and becomes one of the most popular materials in the design of 'automobile weight reduction', and is paid attention. However, al-Si-Mg-Mn series cast alloys are susceptible to coarse alpha-Al dendrites, needle/flake eutectic Si, and some brittle Fe-containing intermetallic compounds. These unfavorable microstructures will lead to poor mechanical properties, in particular poor tensile strength and ductility, which greatly limit their wide application in the automotive industry.
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of Al-Si-Mg-Mn alloy, alloying is carried out by adding various elements, and the formation of various intermetallic compounds with high melting point and good thermal stability in the alloy to prevent grain boundary movement and dislocation slip is a mainstream strengthening mode at present. And through eutectic Si modification and heat treatment, the structure of the alloy is further regulated and controlled, so that the alloy is also an important strengthening means. For example, alSi9MgMn alloy developed by the aluminum industry (patent No. CN 113755722A) controls Si content to 8-10.5 wt.%, and the alloy in this range has both good casting and filling properties and good shrinkage properties without the occurrence of primary crystal Si. By adding 0.005-0.03 wt.% of Sr, the form of eutectic Si can be effectively promoted to be changed into short rods and particles from needles and sheets, thereby reducing the rupture of coarse eutectic Si on an aluminum matrix and effectively improving the strength and toughness of the alloy. AlSi9MgMn alloy developed by Shanghai university of transportation (patent publication No. CN 114411020A) maintains good casting performance and hot cracking resistance of Al-Si series casting alloy, sr is added to carry out modification treatment on eutectic Si, and V and RE elements are added to further refine the eutectic Si, so that the alloy has the characteristics of high strength and high toughness under the condition of higher Si content. However, the addition of a large amount of Sr element often causes a large amount of pores in the ingot, while the addition of a small amount of Sr element does not achieve the deterioration effect, and the addition of a large amount of RE element also causes a large increase in production cost. In addition, due to the limitation of the manufacturing process, the alloy components and intermetallic compounds may be unevenly distributed in the AlSi9MgMn alloy structure, and casting defects are obvious, which also affects the performance of the alloy to a certain extent. Therefore, optimizing the smelting and casting processes, reducing inclusions and casting defects is also significant in improving the toughness of cast aluminum alloys.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein Ca and Sr modifier is mainly added to carry out composite modification treatment of eutectic Si, meanwhile, mn, mo and other elements are added to improve the morphology of Fe-containing intermetallic compounds, and permanent magnet stirring is applied in the solidification process to refine alpha-Al dendrites and the like, so that an Al-Si-Mg-Mn alloy structure with a large number of fine equiaxed crystals, uniform alloy components and second phase distribution and obviously reduced casting defects is obtained, the excellent characteristics of Al-Si alloy can be maintained, the strength and toughness of the alloy can be further improved, and the preparation process is simple, efficient and low in cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8.5 to 10 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Mg, 0 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Mo, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.15 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Sr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Ca, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of the mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05 percent.
Further, in the alloy, (Mn+Mo): fe= (0-4): 1 and the sum of the mass fractions of Fe, mn and Mo elements is 0.5%.
Further, the sum of the mass fractions of Sr and Ca elements in the alloy is 0.06%.
Further, the sum of the mass fractions of Sr and Ca elements in the alloy is 0.06%, and the content of the Sr and Ca elements is not 0.
Further, the alloy has a yield strength of 135-180 MPa, a tensile strength of 242-340 MPa and an elongation of 3-10%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Cu, pure Zn, al-Si, al-Mn, al-Mo, al-Fe, al-Ti and Al-Zr aluminum-based intermediate alloy as raw materials according to mass percent, and drying at 200-300 ℃ for later use;
(2) Heating pure Al and Al-Si intermediate alloy to 680-720 ℃ in a protective atmosphere to form an alloy melt;
(3) Under the protective atmosphere, adding pure Cu, al-Mn, al-Mo and Al-Fe intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (2), heating to completely melt, fully stirring the melt, and preserving heat for 3-10 min at 735-750 ℃;
(4) Cooling to 720-730 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding the Al-Ti and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (3), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving heat for 3-10 min in the temperature range;
(5) Continuously cooling to 700-710 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding pure Mg and pure Zn into the alloy melt in the step (4), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving heat for 5-15 min in the temperature range;
(6) Heating the alloy melt in the step (5) to 720-730 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, degassing, then introducing into a standing furnace, standing for 8-10 min, and then carrying out slag skimming;
(7) Under the protective atmosphere, carrying out eutectic Si modification treatment on the alloy melt in the step (6) at the temperature of 710-720 ℃ for 10-15 min;
(8) Casting the alloy melt of the step (7) into an ingot.
Further, the alloy raw materials in the steps (2) to (5) are pressed into the melt by a bell jar, and are kept for 1 to 3 minutes after being pressed.
Further, the heating mode of the alloy raw materials in the steps (2) - (8) is intermediate frequency furnace induction heating, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 680-750 ℃, and the casting temperature is controlled to be 700-720 ℃.
Further, the degassing in the step (6) is to feed hexachloroethane powder with the mass accounting for 1.0-2.0% of the mass of the raw material into the Al-Si-Mg-Mn alloy melt by using argon with the pressure of 0.15-0.25 MPa, and the degassing time is 3-8 min.
Further, before the static furnace is introduced in the step (6), argon with the pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa is introduced into the static furnace to discharge air, so that the static furnace forms an argon atmosphere.
Further, the modification treatment of eutectic Si in the step (7) is to add Sr and Ca composite modifier into the alloy melt, wherein the composite modifier is added in the form of Al-10Sr and Al-10Ca intermediate alloy, and the total mass of added Sr and Ca elements is 0.06 percent of the total amount of the alloy elements.
Further, the step (8) is specifically to rapidly transfer and pour the alloy melt to a permanent magnet stirring device, start the permanent magnet stirring device, and stir the melt for 20-40 min in a non-contact way to prepare the cast ingot.
Further, the permanent magnet stirrer in the step (8) is driven by a servo motor with the rotating speed of 0-600 rpm controlled by a PLC system, can provide a rotating magnetic field with the magnetic field strength of 1.0-1.5T, and can realize the switching among different permanent magnet stirring modes such as unidirectional stirring, forward and reverse stirring, intermittent stirring and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages of simple and efficient preparation process, low cost and important industrial application value. The composite modification treatment of eutectic Si is carried out by introducing Ca and Sr modifier, the modification effect is obvious, meanwhile, pores are less, the morphology of Fe-containing intermetallic compounds is promoted to be changed into Chinese character shapes from coarse blocks or needles by adding Mn, mo and other elements, and permanent magnet stirring is applied in the solidification process to refine alpha-Al dendrites and the like, so that the problems of coarse dendrites, uneven alloy components, obvious casting defects and the like of Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy are solved at one time, the excellent characteristics of Al-Si alloy are maintained, the characteristics of high strength and high toughness are realized, the yield strength of the Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy prepared by the invention reaches 135-180 MPa, the ultimate tensile strength reaches 242-340 MPa, and the elongation percentage reaches 3-10%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in example 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in comparative example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a metallographic photograph of an Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy in comparative example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The test methods described in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.
Al (purity. Gtoreq.99.99%), mg (purity. Gtoreq.99.9%), cu (purity. Gtoreq.99.9%), zn (purity)
99.98%) is added in pure metal form, the others are added in aluminum-based master alloy form. The mass fractions of the chemical components are all in wt.%, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 9% of Si, 0.4% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.2% of Fe, 0.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.04% of Sr, 0.02% of Ca and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, wherein the sum of mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The preparation method of the alloy comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing pure Al (purity is more than or equal to 99.99 percent) and pure Mg (purity) according to mass percent
More than or equal to 99.9 percent), pure Cu (the purity is more than or equal to 99.9 percent), pure Zn (the purity is more than or equal to 99.98 percent) and aluminum-based intermediate alloys such as Al-20Si, al-10Mn, al-10Mo, al-20Fe, al-10Ti, al-10Zr and the like are used as raw materials, and are dried at the temperature of 250 ℃ for standby; (2) Under the protection of argon, placing pure Al and Al-20Si intermediate alloy into a graphite crucible, and utilizing an intermediate frequency furnace to perform induction heating to 720 ℃ to form alloy melt; (3) Adding pure Cu, al-10Mn and Al-20Fe intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (2), heating the alloy melt in an induction way until the alloy melt is completely melted, fully stirring the melt, and preserving the heat for 10min at 750 ℃; (4) Cooling to 730 ℃, adding the Al-10Ti and Al-10Zr intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (3), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving the heat for 8min; (5) Continuously cooling to 710 ℃, adding pure Mg and pure Zn into the alloy melt in the step (4), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving heat for 10min; (6) Heating the alloy melt in the step (5) to 730 ℃ in an induction way, degassing, then introducing into a standing furnace, standing for 10min, and then carrying out slag skimming; (7) Adding Sr and Ca composite modifier into the alloy melt in the step (6) at 715 ℃ for carrying out composite modification treatment of eutectic Si, wherein the modification time is 10min, the Sr and Ca elements are added in the form of Al-10Sr and Al-10Ca intermediate alloy, and the addition mass of the Sr and Ca elements is 0.04 percent and 0.02 percent of the total amount of the alloy elements respectively; (8) And (3) rapidly transferring the alloy melt in the step (7) and pouring the alloy melt into a permanent magnet stirrer at 710 ℃, adjusting the rotating speed of a servo motor to 300rpm, driving a permanent magnet with the magnetic field strength of 1.3T to rotate, and stirring the melt unidirectionally for 30min to obtain an ingot, wherein the metallographic structure of the ingot is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, a large number of refined α -Al dendrites, spheroidized eutectic Si particles, and secondary phases are present in the alloy with uniform distribution and no significant casting defects. The yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy is 145.3MPa, the tensile strength is 268.5MPa, and the elongation is 5.3%.
Example 2
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 9% of Si, 0.4% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.2% of Fe, 0.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.02% of Sr, 0.04% of Ca, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The preparation method of the alloy is basically the same as that of example 1, except that: the added mass of Sr and Ca elements in the composite modification treatment of eutectic Si is 0.02 percent and 0.04 percent of the total amount of the alloy elements respectively.
The metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in figure 2, and the metallographic structure is shown in figure 2, so that alpha-Al dendrites in the alloy are finer and distributed unevenly, the modification effect of eutectic Si is poor, and the alloy ingot is locally spheroidized, but most of the alloy ingot is in a needle shape and a long rod shape and has no casting defects;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of the embodiment is 140.7MPa, the tensile strength is 259.7MPa, and the elongation is 4.1%.
Example 3
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 9% of Si, 0.4% of Mg, 0.1% of Mn, 0.2% of Fe, 0.2% of Mo, 0.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.04% of Sr, 0.02% of Ca, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The preparation method of the alloy is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from the metallographic structure shown in fig. 3, the alpha-Al dendrites in the alloy are finer, the eutectic Si is spheroidized, but the number of the second phases is more, and most of the second phases are distributed along the grain boundary without casting defects;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of the embodiment is 161.3MPa, the tensile strength is 289.2MPa, and the elongation is 6.7%.
Example 4
A high strength, high toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy having the same composition as in example 1; the preparation method is basically the same as in example 1, except that:
and (3) after pouring the alloy melt into the permanent magnet stirring device, regulating the rotating speed of the servo motor to 300rpm, driving the permanent magnet to rotate, stirring the melt in a forward and reverse way for 30min, and obtaining the cast ingot.
The metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in figure 4, and the metallographic structure is shown in figure 4, so that alpha-Al dendrites in the alloy are obviously refined, eutectic Si is spheroidized, the second phase is uniformly distributed, and no casting defect exists;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy is 180.0MPa, the tensile strength is 336.3MPa, and the elongation is 9.7%.
Example 5
A high strength, high toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy having the same composition as in example 1; the preparation method is basically the same as in example 1, except that:
after the alloy melt is poured into the permanent magnet stirring device, the rotating speed of the servo motor is regulated to 300rpm, the permanent magnet is driven to rotate, the melt is stirred intermittently in one direction for 30min, and the cast ingot is prepared.
The metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in figure 5, and the metallographic structure is shown in figure 5, so that the alpha-Al dendrites in the alloy are wholly refined, but the alloy also has locally coarse dendrites, eutectic Si spheroidization and relatively uniform second phase distribution, and no casting defect exists;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of the embodiment is 174.8MPa, the tensile strength is 317.4MPa, and the elongation is 7.9%.
Example 6
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 9% of Si, 0.4% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.2% of Fe, 0.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.06% of Sr, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The preparation method is basically the same as in example 1, except that:
the modification treatment of eutectic Si only adds modifier of Sr, and the addition mass of Sr element is 0.06% of the total alloy element.
The metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in figure 6, and the metallographic structure is shown in figure 6, so that the alpha-Al dendrite in the alloy is thinned, eutectic Si is spheroidized, the second phase distribution is uniform, but obvious casting defects such as shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity and the like appear;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy is 135.9MPa, the tensile strength is 242.3MPa, and the elongation is 3.2%.
Example 7
A high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 9% of Si, 0.4% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.2% of Fe, 0.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr, 0.06% of Ca, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of mass fractions of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass fraction of single impurity element is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The preparation method is basically the same as in example 1, except that:
the modification treatment of eutectic Si only adds Ca modifier, and the addition mass of Ca element is 0.06% of the total alloy element.
The metallographic structure of the prepared alloy ingot is shown in figure 7, and the metallographic structure is shown in figure 7, so that alpha-Al dendrites in the alloy are finer and have no casting defects, but the modification effect of eutectic Si is poor, and the alloy ingot is almost needle-shaped;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of the embodiment is 138.3MPa, the tensile strength is 253.5MPa, and the elongation is 3.7%.
Example 8
A high strength, high toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy having the same composition as in example 1; the preparation method is basically the same as in example 1, except that:
the alloy melt is rapidly transferred and poured into a permanent magnet stirrer at 710 ℃, and the rotating speed of a servo motor is regulated to be 0rpm, namely a static magnetic field, so that an ingot is prepared.
As can be seen from the metallographic structure shown in FIG. 8, although eutectic Si particles in the alloy are spheroidized, si segregation is serious, and in addition, the alloy has no casting defect, but coarse alpha-Al dendrites are obvious, and the second phase distribution is uneven;
the yield strength of the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy of the embodiment is 137.3MPa, the tensile strength is 254.7MPa, and the elongation is 4.6%.
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in the technical scheme, the protection scope of the invention cannot be limited by the technical scheme, and any changes and modifications to the technical scheme according to the technical substance of the invention belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 8.5 to 10 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Mg, 0 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Mo, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.15 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Sr, 0 to 0.06 percent of Ca, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, the sum of the mass fractions of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the mass fraction of single impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent.
2. The high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein (Mn+Mo) is Fe= (0-4) 1 and the sum of Fe, mn and Mo elements is 0.5% by mass.
3. The high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of Sr and Ca elements in the alloy is 0.06%.
4. The high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of Sr and Ca elements in the alloy is 0.06%, and the content of each of the Sr and Ca elements is not 0.
5. The high strength, high toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein said alloy has a yield strength of 135 to 180MPa, a tensile strength of 242 to 340MPa, and an elongation of 3 to 10%.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength and high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) Preparing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Cu, pure Zn, al-Si, al-Mn, al-Mo, al-Fe, al-Ti and Al-Zr aluminum-based intermediate alloy as raw materials according to mass percent, and drying at 200-300 ℃ for later use;
(2) Heating pure Al and Al-Si intermediate alloy to 680-720 ℃ in a protective atmosphere to form an alloy melt;
(3) Under the protective atmosphere, adding pure Cu, al-Mn, al-Mo and Al-Fe intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (2), heating to completely melt, fully stirring the melt, and preserving heat for 3-10 min at 735-750 ℃;
(4) Cooling to 720-730 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding the Al-Ti and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into the alloy melt in the step (3), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving heat for 3-10 min in the temperature range;
(5) Continuously cooling to 700-710 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding pure Mg and pure Zn into the alloy melt in the step (4), fully stirring the melt after complete melting, and preserving heat for 5-15 min in the temperature range;
(6) Heating the alloy melt in the step (5) to 720-730 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, degassing, then introducing into a standing furnace, standing for 8-10 min, and then carrying out slag skimming;
(7) Under the protective atmosphere, carrying out eutectic Si modification treatment on the alloy melt in the step (6) at the temperature of 710-720 ℃ for 10-15 min;
(8) Casting the alloy melt of the step (7) into an ingot.
7. The method for preparing the high-strength high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the heating mode of the alloy raw material is intermediate frequency furnace induction heating, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 680-750 ℃, and the casting temperature is controlled to be 700-720 ℃.
8. The method for producing a high-strength and high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the modification treatment of eutectic Si in the step (7) is adding Sr and Ca composite modifier to the alloy melt in the form of an Al-10Sr and Al-10Ca intermediate alloy, and the total mass of the added Sr and Ca elements is 0.06% of the total amount of the alloy elements.
9. The method for producing a high-strength and high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the step (8) is characterized in that the alloy melt is rapidly transferred and poured into a permanent magnet stirring device, the permanent magnet stirring device is started, and the non-contact stirring of the melt is carried out for 20-40 min to obtain an ingot.
10. The method for preparing the high-strength and high-toughness Al-Si-Mg-Mn cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the permanent magnet stirrer is driven by a servo motor with the rotating speed of 0-600 rpm controlled by a PLC system, can provide a rotating magnetic field with the magnetic field strength of 1.0-1.5T, and can realize the switching among different permanent magnet stirring modes such as unidirectional stirring, forward and reverse stirring, intermittent stirring and the like.
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| CN115141960A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-04 | 中南大学 | High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum alloy with low Si content and preparation method thereof |
| CN115505795A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-23 | 河北新立中有色金属集团有限公司 | Heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy material and forming process thereof |
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| CN108359855A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-03 | 江苏恒昌铸造科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminum diecasting alloy and its manufacturing process |
| CN115141960A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-04 | 中南大学 | High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum alloy with low Si content and preparation method thereof |
| CN115505795A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-23 | 河北新立中有色金属集团有限公司 | Heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy material and forming process thereof |
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