CN116027016A - Method for determining maximum addition amount of flocculant in concrete and method for determining qualified flocculant content in sand - Google Patents
Method for determining maximum addition amount of flocculant in concrete and method for determining qualified flocculant content in sand Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and provides a method for determining the maximum addition amount of a flocculating agent in concrete and a method for determining the qualified content of the flocculating agent in sand. The invention prepares the clean mortar raw material according to the formula of C30 concrete; adding flocculant accounting for 0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% … … 0.0.0 n% of the total mass of the cementing material into the raw material of the clean mortar to obtain a raw material for preparing series mortar; mixing preparation raw materials of the series mortar to obtain the series mortar; measuring the fluidity of the series of mortars to obtain the fluidity q of the series of mortars 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculation of fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 ‑q n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n The addition amount of the flocculant in the corresponding mortar is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete. The judging method can accurately judge whether the flocculant content in the sand is qualified or not.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a method for determining the maximum addition amount of a flocculating agent in concrete and a method for determining the qualified content of the flocculating agent in sand.
Background
Sand generally accounts for more than 30% of the volume of the concrete, and is an important raw material component of the concrete. As river sand mining is limited, machine-made sand manufactured by stone crushing is mass-moved into the market. The stone material of the machine-made sand is often mixed with pug, the pug is washed away by water, and the water used in the machine-made sand field can not be discharged and is required to be recycled due to the environmental protection requirement, so that the water formed by the production is treated by polyacrylamide and other flocculating agents, so that the water can be clarified and recycled in a sedimentation tank, and in the process of washing the machine-made sand by the circulating water in the machine-made sand field to remove the pug, the flocculating agent in the circulating water exists in the machine-made sand in the form of aqueous solution or mud adsorbed in the sand, and the water content and mud content of the machine-made sand are high, so that the machine-made sand produced by the machine-made sand field contains more flocculating agent components.
The flocculant such as polyacrylamide has extremely remarkable influence on concrete, and is used as a water-soluble high-molecular polymer, the bridging effect of a polyacrylamide molecular chain and the charge effect of an anionic group, when the polyacrylamide is dissolved in water, the linear macromolecular structure of the polyacrylamide becomes a curve, the solution viscosity is increased, and the polyacrylamide can be dissociated into multi-charge macromolecular ions, so that the ionization balance of the water body is broken, and cement colloid particles are flocculated. Experiments show that the expansion degree of mortar can be reduced from 380mm to 320mm by adopting the polyacrylamide with the mass of four parts per million of the concrete cementing material, and when the polyacrylamide with the mass of five parts per million of the concrete cementing material is adopted, the expansion degree of mortar is reduced from 380mm to 265mm, so that the flow property of the mortar is seriously influenced. Therefore, the flocculant component is contained in the building sand, so that the flowing property of the produced concrete is greatly influenced, the working performance is an important factor for measuring the commercial concrete, and the working state and pumping performance of the concrete are influenced, and the construction difficulty of the concrete is also influenced. Therefore, the commercial concrete mixing plant needs to strictly control the flow property of concrete, and if the sand contains flocculant, the commercial concrete mixing plant can cause difficulty in controlling the working property of the concrete, meanwhile, the difficulty of pumping and construction is increased, and hidden danger of pipe blocking and pipe explosion quality problems is caused.
At present, the flocculating agent of the building sand is less than one thousandth of the concentration of water, and mainly exists in the sand, the mud and the water, and the common chemical analysis is difficult to detect due to extremely low concentration of the flocculating agent and interference of other factors. The current method for measuring flocculant in sand is to use the sand containing flocculant and clean sand to make trial and test at the same time, compare the working performance of concrete, so as to measure the flocculant content in sand and the influence of the flocculant on the concrete, but the method has larger errors, and is mainly characterized in the following two aspects: on one hand, in the test, a plurality of influencing factors are included, including the grain composition, the grain diameter, the morphology and the mud content of two kinds of sand, and the variables are difficult to control and carry out strict comparison analysis; on the other hand, the experimental result is also very easy to be influenced by the operation method and skill level of operators, and the factors in this aspect lead to the fact that the working performance of directly judging the added mixture can not judge whether the used sand contains flocculant and the influence degree of the flocculant on the mixture, so that the quality of the purchased sand is difficult to judge in a commercial concrete mixing plant, and the condition of the flocculant of the purchased sand is limited to control the quality of the commercial concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the maximum amount of flocculant added to concrete and a method for determining the qualification of flocculant content in sand. The determination method provided by the invention is simple to operate, accurate in result and accurate in result when being used for judging the content of the flocculant in the sand.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for determining the maximum addition amount of a flocculating agent in concrete, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a clean mortar raw material according to a formula of the C30 concrete; the raw materials of the clean mortar comprise cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water;
flocculant with different contents is added into the clean mortar raw material to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the following raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The mass of the flocculating agent in the preparation raw materials is 0 percent, 0.01 percent, 0.02 percent and 0.03 percent … … 0.0.0 n percent of the total mass of cement, fly ash and mineral powder in the clean mortar raw materials;
the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n ；
Measuring the fluidity of the series of mortars to obtain the fluidity q of the series of mortars 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n ；
Calculation of fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 -q n ；
When I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n Corresponding mortar S n The addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete is that of the flocculant in the concreteMaximum addition amount of (2).
Preferably, the clean sand is sand without flocculation, and the water content of the clean sand is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cement, the fly ash, the mineral powder, the clean sand and the water is 380:220:120:1512:220.
preferably, the flocculant comprises one or more of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and ferrous sulphate.
The invention also provides a method for judging the qualification of the flocculant content in the sand, which comprises the following steps:
respectively adding a flocculating agent and sand to be detected into two equal amounts of zinc chloride solutions, and flocculating to obtain a control solution and a test solution;
comparing the floccule content of the control liquid with that of the test liquid, and judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is unqualified when the floccule content in the test liquid is more than that of the control liquid; if the floccule in the test solution is less than or equal to the control solution, judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is qualified;
the addition amount of the flocculant in the zinc chloride solution is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant obtained by the determination method in the technical scheme;
the addition amount of the sand to be tested in the zinc chloride solution is 1512g/4L.
Preferably, the density of the zinc chloride solution is 1950-2000 kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the water content of the sand to be detected is less than or equal to 0.5%, and the particle size is less than or equal to 4.75mm.
Preferably, before the sand to be tested is added into the zinc chloride solution, the method further comprises the steps of sequentially drying and removing broken stone; the temperature of the drying is less than or equal to 40 ℃; the method for removing broken stone is sieving, and the aperture of the sieving mesh is 4.75mm.
Preferably, the flocculation is carried out at a temperature of 20.+ -. 3 ℃ for a period of 60 minutes.
Preferably, the method further comprises: obtaining floccules in a control liquid and a test liquid, and comparing the dry weight of the obtained floccules;
when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is more than or equal to that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be qualified;
and when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is less than that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be unqualified.
The invention provides a method for determining the maximum addition amount of a flocculating agent in concrete, which comprises the following steps: preparing a clean mortar raw material according to a formula of the C30 concrete; the raw materials of the clean mortar comprise cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water; flocculant with different contents is added into the clean mortar raw material to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the following raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The mass of the flocculating agent in the preparation raw materials is 0 percent, 0.01 percent, 0.02 percent and 0.03 percent … … 0.0.0 n percent of the total mass of cement, fly ash and mineral powder in the clean mortar raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring the fluidity of the series of mortars to obtain the fluidity q of the series of mortars 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculation of fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 -q n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n Corresponding mortar S n The addition amount of the flocculant is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete. The determination method provided by the invention can accurately obtain the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete; meanwhile, the C30 concrete is used in a large number in production and construction, so that the clean mortar raw material is prepared by the formula of the C30 concrete, and the method can be suitable for determining the maximum addition amount of the flocculating agent in various concretes.
The invention also provides a method for judging the qualification of the flocculant content in the sand, which comprises the following steps: respectively adding a flocculating agent and sand to be detected into two equal amounts of zinc chloride solutions, and flocculating to obtain a control solution and a test solution; comparing the floccule content of the control liquid with that of the test liquid, and judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is unqualified when the floccule content in the test liquid is more than that of the control liquid; if the floccule in the test solution is less than or equal to the control solution, judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is qualified; the addition amount of the flocculant in the zinc chloride solution is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant obtained by the determination method in the technical scheme; the addition amount of the sand to be tested in the zinc chloride solution is 1512g/4L. The determination method provided by the invention uses the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete obtained by the determination method in the technical scheme, so that whether the flocculant content in the sand is qualified or not can be accurately determined.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for determining the maximum addition amount of a flocculating agent in concrete, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a clean mortar raw material according to a formula of the C30 concrete; the raw materials of the clean mortar comprise cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water;
flocculant with different contents is added into the clean mortar raw material to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the following raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The mass of the flocculating agent in the preparation raw materials is 0 percent, 0.01 percent, 0.02 percent and 0.03 percent … … 0.0.0 n percent of the total mass of cement, fly ash and mineral powder in the clean mortar raw materials;
the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n ；
Measuring the fluidity of the series of mortars to obtain the fluidity q of the series of mortars 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n ；
Calculation of fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 -q n ；
When I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n Corresponding mortar S n The addition amount of the flocculant is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete.
In the present invention, the raw materials used in the present invention are preferably commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The invention prepares the clean mortar raw material according to the formula of C30 concrete; the raw materials of the clean mortar comprise cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water.
In the present invention, the cement is preferably a reference cement. In the invention, the mineral components of the reference cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite and gypsum, and any mixed materials are not added, so that the components are fixed, the test result is more accurate, and the repeatability is strong.
In the present invention, the fly ash is preferably class F class II fly ash.
In the present invention, the ore powder is preferably S75 granulated blast furnace slag.
In the present invention, the clean sand is preferably a flocculant-free sand; the water content of the clean sand is preferably less than or equal to 0.5 percent. In the present invention, the method for preparing the net sand preferably comprises the steps of: and cleaning, drying and sieving the sand to be tested. In the present invention, the cleaning agent preferably comprises deionized water; the cleaning agent is not particularly limited, and soil, mud and flocculating agent in the sand to be tested can be removed completely. In the present invention, the temperature of the drying is preferably 40℃or less. In the present invention, the diameter of the screened mesh is preferably 4.75mm.
In the present invention, the water preferably includes water containing no flocculant.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the cement, the fly ash, the mineral powder, the clean sand and the water is preferably 380:220:120:1512:220.
in the invention, the proportion of water, clean sand and cementing materials (including cement, fly ash and mineral powder) is fixed, the flow time of the obtained mortar is fixed, the measured fluidity is convenient, and the influence of flocculation components in the sand on the flow performance of the mortar is quantized.
After preparing the clean mortar raw material, the invention adds flocculating agents with different contents into the clean mortar raw material to obtain serial mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the following raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The mass of the flocculant in the preparation raw materials is 0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% … … and 0.0n% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and mineral powder in the clean mortar raw materials.
In the present invention, the flocculant preferably includes one or more of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and ferrous sulfate.
Obtaining series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n After the raw materials are prepared, the invention leads the series of mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n 。
In the present invention, the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Preferably, the preparation raw material mixture of (a) comprises: firstly stirring water, cement, fly ash and mineral powder, and then adding clean sand for second stirring; when a flocculant is preferably included in the raw materials for the preparation of the series of mortars, the flocculant is preferably added during the first agitation. In the invention, the revolution stirring rate of the first stirring is preferably 62+/-5 r/min, and the rotation stirring rate is preferably 140+/-5 r/min; the time is preferably 30.+ -.1 s. In the invention, the second stirring comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out first high-speed stirring, stopping stirring and second high-speed stirring; the revolution stirring rate of the first high-speed stirring is preferably 125+/-10 r/min, the rotation stirring rate is preferably 285+/-10 r/min, and the time is preferably 30+/-1 s. In the present invention, the time for stopping the stirring is preferably 90s. In the invention, the stirring pot is put down within 15+/-1 s, and the blade, the pot wall and the glue sand of the pot bottom are scraped into the pot by a scraper. In the present invention, the revolution agitation rate of the second high-speed agitation is preferably 125Preferably, the autorotation stirring speed is 285+/-10 r/min; the time is preferably 60.+ -.1 s. In the invention, the aim of twice stirring is that the rotary blade of the stirrer cannot completely stir the cementing material (cement) sunk at the bottom of the stirring pot, the bottom cementing material is scraped by a scraper for the stirring pot, and the mortar can be stirred more uniformly by re-stirring; in addition, the second stirring mode is the rapid stirring mode, so that the flocculation gel group in the mortar can be opened, uneven flow during testing is prevented, and testing errors are reduced.
After series mortar is obtained, the fluidity of the series mortar is measured to obtain the fluidity q of the series mortar 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n 。
In the present invention, the fluidity is preferably measured by GB/T8077.
In the invention, after the flocculant is added, the curved molecules of the flocculant not only increase the viscosity of mortar, but also dissociate into ions with multiple charges and large molecular weight, so that the ionization balance of mortar slurry is broken, and the colloid is flocculated, which is also the reason that the construction sand containing flocculated components influences the working performance of the mixed concrete, and the flow property of the mortar is quantitatively determined by adopting the flow degree, so that the influence degree of the flocculant in the construction sand on the working performance of the concrete is conveniently determined.
After the fluidity of the series mortar is obtained, the invention calculates the fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 -q n 。
In the present invention, when I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n Corresponding mortar S n The addition amount of the flocculant is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete.
The invention also provides a method for judging the qualification of the flocculant content in the sand, which comprises the following steps:
respectively adding a flocculating agent and sand to be detected into two equal amounts of zinc chloride solutions, and flocculating to obtain a control solution and a test solution;
comparing the floccule content of the control liquid with that of the test liquid, and judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is unqualified when the floccule content in the test liquid is more than that of the control liquid; if the floccule in the test solution is less than or equal to the control solution, judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is qualified;
the addition amount of the flocculant in the zinc chloride solution is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant obtained by the determination method in the technical scheme;
the addition amount of the sand to be tested in the zinc chloride solution is 1512g/4L.
The invention respectively adds flocculating agent and sand to be detected into two equal zinc chloride solutions to flocculate, thus obtaining control solution and test solution.
In the present invention, the sand to be measured preferably includes machine-made sand. In the invention, the water content of the sand to be tested is preferably less than or equal to 0.5%, and the particle size is preferably less than or equal to 4.75mm. In the invention, before the sand to be tested is added into the zinc chloride solution, the method further comprises the steps of sequentially drying and removing broken stone; the temperature of the drying is less than or equal to 40 ℃; the method for removing broken stone is sieving, and the aperture of the sieving mesh is 4.75mm. According to the invention, the water content of the sand to be tested is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.5%, so that the main body of the sand to be tested is ensured to be sand and part of stone powder and mud under the test procedure, the water content of the sand to be tested is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.5%, and the phenomenon of poor repeatability caused by the deviation of test results due to the water content difference can be avoided. Meanwhile, according to the standard requirement of GB/T14684-2011 'building sand', the particle size of the building sand is not more than 4.75mm, so the sand to be tested is screened; in addition, the flocculant adsorbed by the building sand is influenced by the mud content and the specific surface area, so that the fluctuation of the flocculant content in the sand to be detected is avoided because large particles with larger influence on the specific surface area of the sand possibly exist in the sand to be detected, and the particle component with the particle size of more than 4.75mm is removed.
In the present invention, the density of the zinc chloride solution is preferably 1950 to 2000kg/m 3 . In the present invention, zinc chloride is readily soluble in water and hydrolyzes in water to produce insoluble micelles, which render the solution gelatinous, turbid, opaque and transparent, and over time these insoluble micelles gradually aggregate to precipitate.
In the present invention, the flocculation is preferably performed at a temperature of 20.+ -. 3 ℃ for a time of 60min. In the present invention, the flocculation is preferably performed under stirring.
After the control liquid and the test liquid are obtained, the invention compares the floccule content of the control liquid and the test liquid, and when the floccule content in the test liquid is more than that in the control liquid, the invention judges that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is unqualified; if the floccule in the test solution is less than or equal to the control solution, judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is qualified.
The invention preferably further comprises obtaining flocs in the control and test solutions and comparing the dry weights of the flocs obtained; when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is more than or equal to that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be qualified; and when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is less than that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be unqualified.
The judging method provided by the invention is simple to operate and high in result accuracy.
In the invention, the addition amount of the flocculant in the zinc chloride solution is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant obtained by the determination method in the technical scheme;
the addition amount of the sand to be tested in the zinc chloride solution is 1512g/4L.
The method for determining the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete and the method for determining the qualification of the flocculant content in the sand provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The sand to be tested in this embodiment is machine-made sand, the flocculant commonly existing in the machine-made sand is polyacrylamide, and firstly, the maximum addition amount of the polyacrylamide in the concrete is measured, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the sand to be tested, and removing flocculating agents and soil in the sand to be tested; and then drying at 40 ℃, sieving with a 4.75mm sieve, and removing broken stone to obtain clean sand.
(2) Narrowing and preparing raw materials of the clean mortar according to the mixing proportion of C30 concrete: 380g of reference cement, 220g of class-F class-II fly ash, 120g of S75 granulated blast furnace slag, 220g of water and 1512g of clean sand obtained in the step (1).
(3) Taking 8 parts of the same clean mortar raw material, and respectively adding 0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06% and 0.07% of polyacrylamide into the standard cement, the class-II F fly ash and the S75 granulated blast furnace slag to obtain serial mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the raw materials of (1).
(4) The series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The method specifically comprises the following steps: the pot is fixed on the fixing frame and is lifted to the working position; starting a planetary rubber sand mixer, firstly enabling the mixer to be in a working state, and then operating according to the following procedures: adding water into a pot, and adding polyacrylamide and water into the pot together if the raw materials for preparing the series of mortar contain polyacrylamide; adding cement, fly ash and mineral powder, placing the pot on a fixed frame, lifting to a fixed position, immediately starting the machine, and stirring at low speed (revolution stirring speed is 62+ -5 r/min, rotation stirring speed is 140+ -5 r/min) for 30+ -1 s; adding clean sand, and stirring at high speed (revolution stirring rate is 125+ -10 r/min, rotation stirring rate is 285+ -10 r/min) for 30+ -1 s; stopping stirring for 90s, and putting down the stirring pot within 15+/-1 s of the start of stopping stirring, and scraping the blade, the pot wall and the glue sand of the pot bottom into the pot by using a scraper; stirring at high speed (revolution stirring rate of 125+ -10 r/min and rotation stirring rate of 285+ -10 r/min) for 60+ -1S to obtain serial mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 And S is 7 。
(5) And (5) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for 47 times in sequence.
(6) The fluidity of the series of mortars was measured using the mortar fluidity test method GB/T8077, and the results are shown in Table 1. The GB/T8077 determination method comprises the following steps: the mixed mortar is quickly put into the mould twice, firstly put into two thirds of the truncated cone circular mould, respectively drawn 5 times in two directions perpendicular to each other by a spatula, uniformly rammed 15 times from the edge to the center by a rammer, then put into the second mortar layer, put to be about 20mm higher than the truncated cone circular mould, drawn 10 times by the spatula, and also rammed 10 times by the rammer, and the truncated cone circular mould is pressed by hand without moving when the mortar is put and rammed. Taking down the die sleeve after tamping, scraping and trowelling the rubber sand higher than the truncated cone circular die by using a trowel, immediately lifting the truncated cone circular die vertically upwards to be placed on a table, measuring diameters of the mortar bottom surfaces in two directions perpendicular to each other by using a caliper, calculating an average value, taking an integer to obtain fluidity, and calculating an average value for 48 tests.
TABLE 1 fluidity results of series mortars
As can be seen from table 1: the average flow rate results of the series of mortars obtained in 48 tests are as follows: q 0 ＝380mm，q 1 ＝374mm，q 2 ＝360mm，q 3 ＝332mm，q 4 ＝316mm，q 5 ＝273mm，q 6 ＝232mm，q 7 ＝201mm。
Through multiple tests, the flow loss I=60 mm causes the slump loss of 20mm in trial formulation, so that the corresponding q is obtained when the flow loss I=60 mm is obtained 4 The corresponding flocculant content is the maximum addition amount of polyacrylamide in the concrete, namely the maximum addition amount of polyacrylamide in the concrete is 0.04 percent of the total mass of the cementing material (cement, fly ash and mineral powder).
After the maximum addition amount of the polyacrylamide in the concrete is obtained, the method provided by the invention judges whether the acrylamide content in the sand to be detected is qualified or not, and comprises the following steps:
(7) 2 parts by volume of 4L with a density of 2000kg/m are prepared 3 Is chlorinated by (2)Zinc solution.
(8) Adding polyacrylamide into one 4L zinc chloride solution according to the maximum adding amount obtained in the step (6), fully and uniformly stirring by using a glass rod, filtering all the solution by using medium-speed quantitative filter paper after precipitation is not generated any more, naturally air-drying the precipitate on the filter paper after the suction filtration is finished, and weighing to obtain m 0 4g。
(9) Drying the sand to be tested at 40 ℃, sieving with a 4.75mm sieve, weighing 1512g of the sieved sand to be tested, and adding the other 4L of the sieved sand to be tested into the step (7) with the density of 2000kg/m 3 In the zinc chloride solution of (2), a glass rod is used for fully and uniformly stirring, standing is carried out after precipitation is no longer generated, medium-speed quantitative filter paper is used for carrying out suction filtration on the solution part, precipitation is carried out on the filter paper after the suction filtration is completed through natural air drying, and m is obtained through weighing 1 3g。
(10) Due to m 1 ≤m 0 And when the content of the flocculant acrylamide in the sand to be detected is qualified.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a clean mortar raw material according to a formula of the C30 concrete; the raw materials of the clean mortar comprise cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water;
flocculant with different contents is added into the clean mortar raw material to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Is prepared from the following raw materials; the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n The mass of the flocculating agent in the preparation raw materials is 0 percent, 0.01 percent, 0.02 percent and 0.03 percent … … 0.0.0 n percent of the total mass of cement, fly ash and mineral powder in the clean mortar raw materials;
the series of mortars S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n Mixing the preparation raw materials to obtain series mortar S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 ……S n ；
Measuring the fluidity of the series of mortars to obtain the fluidity q of the series of mortars 0 、q 1 、q 2 、q 3 ……q n ；
Calculation of fluidity loss I n ＝q 0 -q n ；
When I n Not less than 60mm, take I n Q corresponding to the minimum value n Corresponding mortar S n The addition amount of the flocculant is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant in the concrete.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the purified sand is a sand containing no flocculant, and the water content of the purified sand is 0.5% or less.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of cement, fly ash, mineral powder, clean sand and water is 380:220:120:1512:220.
4. the method of determining according to claim 1, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and ferrous sulfate.
5. A method for judging the qualification of flocculant content in sand is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively adding a flocculating agent and sand to be detected into two equal amounts of zinc chloride solutions, and flocculating to obtain a control solution and a test solution;
comparing the floccule content of the control liquid with that of the test liquid, and judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is unqualified when the floccule content in the test liquid is more than that of the control liquid; if the floccule in the test solution is less than or equal to the control solution, judging that the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is qualified;
the addition amount of the flocculant in the zinc chloride solution is the maximum addition amount of the flocculant obtained by the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the addition amount of the sand to be tested in the zinc chloride solution is 1512g/4L.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the zinc chloride solution has a density of 1950 to 2000kg/m 3 。
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the water content of the sand to be measured is not more than 0.5%, and the particle diameter is not more than 4.75mm.
8. The method according to claim 5 or 7, wherein before the sand to be tested is added to the zinc chloride solution, further comprising sequentially drying and removing crushed stone; the temperature of the drying is less than or equal to 40 ℃; the method for removing broken stone is sieving, and the aperture of the sieving mesh is 4.75mm.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the flocculation is performed at a temperature of 20.+ -. 3 ℃ for 60min.
10. The method of determining according to claim 5, further comprising: obtaining floccules in a control liquid and a test liquid, and comparing the dry weight of the obtained floccules;
when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is more than or equal to that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be qualified;
and when the dry weight of the floccules in the control liquid is less than that of the floccules in the test liquid, the flocculant content in the sand to be tested is considered to be unqualified.
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