CN116025458A - Engine structure and working method thereof - Google Patents
Engine structure and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116025458A CN116025458A CN202310170761.0A CN202310170761A CN116025458A CN 116025458 A CN116025458 A CN 116025458A CN 202310170761 A CN202310170761 A CN 202310170761A CN 116025458 A CN116025458 A CN 116025458A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engines, and discloses an engine structure and a working method thereof. The device comprises a cylinder cover and a cylinder wall, wherein a piston is arranged in the cylinder wall, the cylinder cover is connected to the cylinder wall, the cylinder cover, the cylinder wall and the piston enclose a main combustion chamber, an air inlet header and an air outlet header are arranged on the cylinder cover, the air inlet header and the air outlet header are respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber, a vortex chamber is also formed in the cylinder cover, the vortex chamber is respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber through a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, a laser igniter is arranged on the side wall of the vortex chamber, and the laser igniter generates laser energy to ignite an air mixture in the vortex chamber; the problems that in the prior art, the combustion efficiency of an engine is low, the strength of a combustion reaction is unstable, and the engine cannot operate efficiently are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine engines, in particular to an engine structure and a working method thereof.
Background
In order to achieve the aim of energy conservation and emission reduction, the alternative energy source represented by the fuel gas is increasingly focused on the market of marine engines due to the good emission performance, the marine compression ignition engine has the characteristics of large cylinder diameter, low rotating speed and the like, the distance of flame propagation in a relatively large-volume combustion chamber is obviously prolonged, the fuel-air mixture is unevenly distributed in the combustion chamber, the combustion process time is longer, the efficiency of the engine is reduced, the exhaust emission is poor, and particularly when the fuel gas is used as fuel, the combustion speed is low, the fire rate is high and the thermal efficiency is low.
In the prior art, a vortex chamber is generally used for improving combustion quality, in a compression stroke, along with the ascending of a piston, compressed gas mixture filled with turbulence is extruded into the vortex chamber by a small pipeline, but because of uncertainty of gas mixture distribution, the concentration and temperature conditions of the gas mixture in the vortex chamber in each cycle are different, the ignition time and the intensity of combustion reaction are unstable, the piston does not work sufficiently, smooth operation and efficient operation of an engine are not facilitated, meanwhile, the electrode on the spark plug is used as an auxiliary ignition mode, flame in the vortex chamber is formed between the electrodes, but is easily shielded by the electrode, energy cannot be effectively released, at the moment, the early formation state of flame in a cylinder is poor, the whole flame development process is easy to break, the flame boundary development speed is limited, the combustion speed is reduced, the circulation fluctuation of the engine is increased, and the smooth operation and efficient operation of the engine are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an engine structure and a working method thereof, which solve the problems that in the prior art, the engine has low combustion efficiency, unstable strength of combustion reaction and the engine cannot operate efficiently.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention provides an engine structure, which comprises a cylinder cover and a cylinder wall, wherein a piston is arranged in the cylinder wall, the cylinder cover is connected to the cylinder wall, a main combustion chamber is surrounded by the cylinder cover, the cylinder wall and the piston, an air inlet header and an air outlet header are arranged on the cylinder cover, the air inlet header and the air outlet header are respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber, a vortex chamber is also formed in the cylinder cover, the vortex chamber is respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber through a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, a laser igniter is arranged on the side wall of the vortex chamber, and the laser igniter can generate laser to ignite an air mixture in the vortex chamber.
Preferably, the first communication pipe is tapered, and the first communication pipe is contracted in diameter along the direction from the main combustion chamber to the swirl chamber.
Preferably, the second communicating pipe is tapered, and the second communicating pipe expands in diameter along the direction from the main combustion chamber to the swirl chamber.
Preferably, the laser igniter is electrically connected to an engine ECU, the engine ECU being capable of acquiring the rotational speed of the engine and the pressure in the cylinder wall, the engine ECU being capable of adjusting the laser igniter on-time.
Preferably, the engine ECU is capable of adjusting the intensity of the laser energy generated by the laser igniter.
Preferably, the engine structure is in the form of a Loop-flow cylinder head.
Preferably, a gas injection valve is provided on the intake manifold, and the gas injection valve is capable of injecting gas into the main combustion chamber.
Preferably, a glow plug is mounted in the vortex chamber, the glow plug being capable of elevating the temperature within the vortex chamber.
The invention also provides a working method of the engine, comprising the engine structure according to any one of the above claims, and further comprising the following steps:
s1, opening an air inlet valve, and spraying fuel gas into a main combustion chamber along a fuel gas injection valve on an air inlet header, wherein the fuel gas and air form an air mixture;
s2, closing an air inlet valve, and moving the piston upwards to move the air mixture in the main combustion chamber into the vortex chamber through a first communication pipe;
s3, when the pressure and the temperature of the mixture of the fuel gas and the air in the vortex chamber rise to the set values, the engine ECU starts a laser igniter;
s4, igniting the air mixture in the vortex chamber by laser, and spraying flame into the main combustion chamber along the second communicating pipe;
s5, the flame jet ejected from the second communicating pipe ignites the air mixture in the main combustion chamber and pushes the piston to do work downwards.
The beneficial effects are that: the high-energy laser generated by the laser igniter ignites the air mixture in the vortex chamber, so that the flame can fully release energy to the surrounding space at the initial stage of ignition of the air mixture, the air mixture in the vortex chamber is stably ignited, the air mixture in the main combustion chamber can be fully ignited in time, the piston is pushed to apply work, the cycle fluctuation of the engine is reduced, and the running efficiency of the engine is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of an engine structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of the engine structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the engine cylinder head structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a cylinder cover; 2-cylinder wall; 3-piston; 4-a main combustion chamber; 5-an intake manifold; 6-an exhaust manifold; 7-vortex chamber; 8-a first communication pipe; 9-a second communicating pipe; 10-a laser igniter; 11-glow plug; 12-intake valve; 13-a gas injection valve; 14-Offset Cross-Flow cylinder heads; 15-Inline-Flow cylinder heads; 16-Loop-flow cylinder cover.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
The distance that the flame needs to travel in the combustion chamber with relatively large volume is obviously prolonged due to the large cylinder diameter and low rotating speed of the marine compression ignition engine, the relatively long combustion process is required, the distribution of the oil-gas mixture in the combustion chamber also presents strong non-uniformity, the speed of flame boundary development is limited, the operation speed is reduced and the combustion speed is reduced, the problems are more obvious when fuel gas is used as fuel for saving energy and reducing emission, and meanwhile, the capability of the flame to spread to the periphery is limited due to the flame generated between the electrodes, so that the combustion efficiency of the engine is further reduced.
In order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides an engine structure, which comprises a cylinder cover 1 and a cylinder wall 2, wherein a piston 3 is arranged in the cylinder wall 2, the cylinder cover 1 is connected to the cylinder wall 2, the cylinder cover 1, the cylinder wall 2 and the piston 3 enclose a main combustion chamber 4, an air inlet header 5 and an air outlet header 6 are arranged on the cylinder cover 1, the air inlet header 5 and the air outlet header 6 are respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber 4, a vortex chamber 7 is also formed in the cylinder cover 1, the vortex chamber 7 is respectively communicated with the main combustion chamber 4 through a first communication pipe 8 and a second communication pipe 9, a laser igniter 10 is arranged on the side wall of the vortex chamber 7, the laser igniter 10 generates laser energy to ignite a mixture in the vortex chamber 7, and fuel gas used in the present invention is generally natural gas.
In the above structure, after the intake valve 12 is opened in the process of mainly using the compression stroke of the engine, the gas injection valve 13 injects the gas into the main combustion chamber 4, the gas and the air in the main combustion chamber 4 are premixed first to form an air mixture, then the intake valve 12 is closed, the whole internal engine space forms a closed structure, and then the piston 3 compresses the space in the main combustion chamber 4 in the compression stroke, so that the air mixture in the main combustion chamber 4 enters the vortex chamber 7 along with the first communication pipe 8, and the diameter of the tail end of the first communication pipe 8 is minimum along the airflow direction, so that the air mixture has higher flow velocity and strong turbulence intensity, the air and the gas in the air mixture are further promoted to be mixed, the later combustion is more sufficient, and the combustion time is more timely.
As the piston 3 continues to compress the space in the main combustion chamber 4, the pressure and temperature of the air mixture in the swirl chamber 7 will continue to rise, when the ignition condition is reached, the laser igniter 10 is started and generates high-energy laser, the laser ignites the air mixture in the swirl chamber 7 first, the ignited fuel gas undergoes a severe combustion reaction in the swirl chamber 7 to cause the temperature and pressure to rise rapidly, the formed flame jet flows into the main combustion chamber 4 along the second communicating pipe 9 and ignites the air mixture therein, diffusion combustion is formed in the main combustion chamber 4 and pushes the piston 3 to do work downwards, and then the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust manifold 6.
The second communicating pipe 9 is conical, and the diameter of the second communicating pipe 9 expands along the direction from the main combustion chamber 4 to the vortex chamber 7, so that the flow speed of flame jet flow is faster, the combustion is more sufficient in the main combustion chamber 4, and the speed is faster.
The laser igniter 10 is electrically connected with the engine ECU, an ignition signal is emitted by the engine ECU, and a laser generator arranged on the engine receives laser light controlled to generate high energy, and the laser light is transmitted to the laser igniter 10 through a passage. By means of the lens in the laser igniter 10, laser focuses in the cylinder and transmits heat to the air mixture to excite flame, the engine ECU can collect the rotation speed of the engine and the pressure in the cylinder wall 2, the starting time of the laser igniter 10 can be adjusted by the engine ECU, when the fuel with lower combustion rate is used, the working time of the laser igniter 10 can be timely started in advance, so that the energy of fuel combustion burst is fully utilized, the air mixture in the vortex chamber 7 can be timely ignited, and the ignition time of the laser igniter 10 can be timely adjusted by the engine ECU.
Meanwhile, the engine ECU can adjust the laser energy intensity generated by the laser igniter 10, when the air coefficient of the air mixture in the vortex chamber 7 is higher, the distribution of the fuel gas mixture in the cylinder is thinner, the temperature and pressure indexes in the cylinder generated by the compression of the simple piston 3 can not enable fuel to ignite, the ignition energy of laser generated by the laser igniter 10 is increased, the combustion in the cylinder is complete, the engine efficiency is improved, and the fluctuation cycle of the engine operation is reduced.
As shown in FIG. 3, the engine structure used in the present invention is in the form of a Loop-Flow cylinder head 116, the intake manifold 5 and the exhaust manifold 6 on the cylinder head 1 are arranged on the same side, and the design leaves a part of the space on the cylinder head 1 on the opposite sides of the intake manifold 5 and the exhaust manifold 6, which space can be provided with the vortex chamber 7 and the laser igniter 10, on the cylinder head 1, in the form of a parallel arrangement with the intake and exhaust passages of the Inline-Flow cylinder head 115 on a line, and the intake and exhaust manifolds 6 on the Loop-Flow cylinder head 116 are arranged on the same side. It should be noted that the swirl chamber 7 and the laser igniter 10 used in the present invention may be disposed on the Offset Cross-Flow head 14 and the Inline-Flow head 15, or other kinds of head 1, and are not limited to the above three kinds of head 1.
A glow plug 11 is arranged in the vortex chamber 7, and the glow plug 11 can raise the temperature in the vortex chamber 7, so that the air mixture in the engine is combusted in time under the laser of the laser igniter 10.
The invention also provides a working method of the engine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, opening an air inlet valve 12, and spraying fuel gas into a main combustion chamber 4 along a fuel gas injection valve 13 on an air inlet header 5, wherein air and fuel gas form an air mixture;
s2, closing the air inlet valve 12, and pushing the air mixture in the main combustion chamber 4 into the vortex chamber 7 along the first communication pipe 8 by upward movement of the piston 3;
s3, when the pressure and the temperature of the air mixture in the vortex chamber 7 rise to the set values, the engine ECU starts the laser igniter 10;
s4, igniting the air mixture in the vortex chamber 7 by laser, and enabling flame to enter the main combustion chamber 4 along the second communicating pipe 9;
and S5, the flame jet sprayed out of the second communicating pipe 9 ignites the air mixture in the main combustion chamber 4 and pushes the piston 3 to do work downwards.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an engine structure, its characterized in that includes cylinder cap (1) and cylinder wall (2), be provided with piston (3) in cylinder wall (2), cylinder cap (1) lid connects on cylinder wall (2), cylinder cap (1) cylinder wall (2) with piston (3) enclose into main combustion chamber (4), be provided with air inlet header (5) and exhaust header (6) on cylinder cap (1), air inlet header (5) with exhaust header (6) respectively with main combustion chamber (4) intercommunication, still be formed with vortex chamber (7) in cylinder cap (1), vortex chamber (7) respectively through first communicating pipe (8) and second communicating pipe (9) with main combustion chamber (4) intercommunication, be provided with on the side wall of vortex chamber (7) and ignite laser light ware (10), laser light ware (10) produce the laser energy air mixture in vortex chamber (7).
2. An engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first communication pipe (8) is tapered, the first communication pipe (8) being diametrically contracted in the direction from the main combustion chamber (4) to the swirl chamber (7).
3. The engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the second communication pipe (9) is tapered, and the second communication pipe (9) expands in diameter in a direction from the main combustion chamber (4) to the swirl chamber (7).
4. The engine arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser light igniter (10) is electrically connected to an engine ECU, which engine ECU is capable of picking up the rotational speed of the engine and the pressure in the cylinder wall (2), which engine ECU is capable of adjusting the laser light igniter (10) on-time.
5. The engine structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the engine ECU is capable of adjusting the intensity of laser energy generated by the laser igniter (10).
6. The engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine structure is in the form of a Loop-flow cylinder head (16).
7. An engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas injection valve (13) is provided on the intake manifold (5), the gas injection valve (13) being capable of injecting gas into the main combustion chamber (4).
8. An engine arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a glow plug (11) is mounted in the swirl chamber (7), which glow plug (11) is capable of raising the temperature in the swirl chamber (7).
9. A method of operating an engine comprising the engine structure of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising the steps of:
s1, opening an air inlet valve (12), and spraying fuel gas into a main combustion chamber (4) along a fuel gas injection valve (13) on an air inlet header (5), wherein the fuel gas and the air form an air mixture;
s2, closing an air inlet valve (12), and moving the piston (3) upwards to move the air mixture in the main combustion chamber (4) into the vortex chamber (7) through a first communication pipe (8);
s3, when the pressure and the temperature of the mixture of the fuel gas and the air in the vortex chamber (7) rise to the set values, the engine ECU starts the laser igniter (10);
s4, igniting the air mixture in the vortex chamber (7) by laser, and spraying flame into the main combustion chamber (4) along the second communicating pipe (9);
s5, the flame jet ejected from the second communicating pipe (9) ignites the air mixture in the main combustion chamber (4) and pushes the piston (3) to do work downwards.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310170761.0A CN116025458A (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Engine structure and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310170761.0A CN116025458A (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Engine structure and working method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116025458A true CN116025458A (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310170761.0A Pending CN116025458A (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Engine structure and working method thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5309879A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-05-10 | Chrysler Corporation | Double overhead camshaft four valve diesel engine with side prechamber |
| US5417189A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1995-05-23 | Chrysler Corporation | High speed indirect injection diesel engine |
| JP2007198244A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Auxiliary chamber type spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP2007247420A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Auxiliary-chamber type internal combustion engine |
| DE102006018973A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-10-31 | Kuhnert-Latsch-GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Herr Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Latsch, 76530 Baden-Baden) | Air/fuel mixture laser ignition method for internal combustion engine, involves igniting air/fuel mixture by using laser ignition in pre-chamber during approximation at upper dead center of piston |
| US20140261298A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Cummins Inc. | Pre-chamber for internal combustion engine |
| CN110173341A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of ignition chamber type engine rotating jet combustion system |
-
2023
- 2023-02-27 CN CN202310170761.0A patent/CN116025458A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5309879A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-05-10 | Chrysler Corporation | Double overhead camshaft four valve diesel engine with side prechamber |
| US5417189A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1995-05-23 | Chrysler Corporation | High speed indirect injection diesel engine |
| JP2007198244A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Auxiliary chamber type spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP2007247420A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Auxiliary-chamber type internal combustion engine |
| DE102006018973A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-10-31 | Kuhnert-Latsch-GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Herr Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Latsch, 76530 Baden-Baden) | Air/fuel mixture laser ignition method for internal combustion engine, involves igniting air/fuel mixture by using laser ignition in pre-chamber during approximation at upper dead center of piston |
| US20140261298A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Cummins Inc. | Pre-chamber for internal combustion engine |
| CN110173341A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of ignition chamber type engine rotating jet combustion system |
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