CN102322332B - Combustion chamber structure of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and fuel injection method thereof - Google Patents
Combustion chamber structure of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and fuel injection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102322332B CN102322332B CN2011101650997A CN201110165099A CN102322332B CN 102322332 B CN102322332 B CN 102322332B CN 2011101650997 A CN2011101650997 A CN 2011101650997A CN 201110165099 A CN201110165099 A CN 201110165099A CN 102322332 B CN102322332 B CN 102322332B
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- precombustion
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion chamber structure of a CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and a fuel injection method thereof. By means of combustion swirl formed when airflow in a pre-combustion chamber enters a main combustion chamber, the flame propagation speed and the combustion efficiency are greatly increased; thicker mixed gas of CNG and air is formed in the pre-combustion chamber through a CNG injector and ignited by a sparking plug; the formed high-speed and high-temperature combustion airflow has enough energy to ignite thin combustion gas in the main combustion chamber; the concentration of the mixed gas of the CNG and the air in the main combustion chamber can be reduced; the emission is reduced; the combustion efficiency is increased; and the tempering phenomenon can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the CNG engine combustion chamber structure, also relate in addition a kind of CNG engine fuel injection method, belong to the CNG field of engine combustion.
Background technique
Reduce discharging and improve the emphasis that combustion efficiency is the present engine development; The following Europe 5 that will implement, Europe 6 emission standards all need to develop new technology and meet the demands; And fuel fully rapid combustion in motor for reducing discharging, improves the combustion efficiency important in inhibiting; Meanwhile, lean combustion and the strategy that adopts CNG to act as a fuel, it reduces discharging, improves the combustion efficiency effect and has caused people's attention.
Traditional CNG motor, CNG and air are mixed into the firing chamber in intake manifold, and by plug ignition, this CNG fuel and air Mixture need higher concentration can realize igniting, need simultaneously higher ignition energy, and remaining CNG easily forms tempering phenomenon in the air flue; Meanwhile, the combustion flame propagation speed of CNG is lower, and then affects mechanical efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of CNG engine combustion chamber structure and fuel injection method thereof, the combustion swirl that forms when entering main combustion chamber at a high speed by the precombustion chamber air-flow improves velocity of propagation of flame and combustion efficiency greatly; Form denseer CNG-air Mixture by the CNG sparger at precombustion chamber, and by plug ignition, the high-speed and high-temperature combustion-gas flow that forms has enough energy main combustion chamber lean combustion gas that ignites, can reduce the concentration of the CNG-air Mixture of main combustion chamber, reduce discharging, improve combustion efficiency, and can prevent tempering phenomenon.
Concrete technological scheme is as follows:
A kind of CNG engine combustion chamber structure comprises the CNG sparger, and spark plug, aperture, precombustion chamber, main combustion chamber and intake duct, described precombustion chamber are arranged at the main combustion chamber top, and precombustion chamber links to each other by several apertures with main combustion chamber; Described spark plug is arranged at the main combustion chamber top, and described precombustion chamber is positioned at the spark plug next door; Described CNG sparger is arranged at the precombustion chamber top, and it is used for forming the CNG-air Mixture at precombustion chamber, and described spark plug is for the CNG-air Mixture of lighting precombustion chamber, and combustion gas spray into main combustion chamber through small holes; Described intake duct connects main combustion chamber, and for air inlet in the firing chamber.
Further, described precombustion chamber is a Small Combustion chamber, and volume is about 1% of main combustion chamber.
Further, described a plurality of apertures are in a certain angle, make combustion gas form combustion swirl when small holes enters main combustion chamber.
Further, described CNG sparger is a low-pressure CNG sparger, and it is used for spraying into a small amount of CNG to precombustion chamber, forms the CNG-air Mixture at precombustion chamber.
The fuel injection method of above-mentioned CNG engine combustion chamber structure, adopt following steps:
(1) aspirating stroke: IO Intake Valve Opens, thin CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber by intake duct, and enters precombustion chamber by aperture;
Precombustion chamber little residue part waste gas mixes with thin gas-air mixture because suction function enters main combustion chamber;
(2) compression stroke: IC Intake Valve Closes, piston stroking upward, in compression stroke latter stage, ECU control CNG sparger sprays into an amount of combustion gas to precombustion chamber, increases precombustion chamber combination gas concentration;
(3) expansion stroke: when piston moved to top dead center, the precombustion chamber plug ignition was lighted precombustion chamber CNG-air Mixture;
The high-temperature gas of burning expands rapidly, enters at a high speed main combustion chamber through aperture, forms eddy current at main combustion chamber, drives the thin CNG-air Mixture of main combustion chamber and burns rapidly, the acting of expanding;
(4) exhaust stroke: exhauxt valve opens, piston stroking upward, waste gas is discharged.
Further, in the step (2), control CNG jet pressure prevents that a large amount of CNG jet pressures are excessive, and denseer CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber too early in a large number in a large amount of precombustion chambers.
Compare with present prior art, the present invention designs a small-sized precombustion chamber in spark plug place above main combustion chamber, design simultaneously a low-pressure CNG sparger and spray into a small amount of CNG to precombustion chamber, form denseer CNG-air Mixture at precombustion chamber, designing simultaneously several apertures in a certain angle links to each other with main combustion chamber, light precombustion chamber mixed combustible gas body, the high-speed and high-temperature combustion gas that form enter at a high speed main combustion chamber through aperture, and form a large amount of combustion swirls, driving the thin CNG-air Mixture of main combustion chamber burns rapidly, thereby realize reducing discharging, improve combustion efficiency.
1. precombustion chamber high-speed and high-temperature combustion gas enter at a high speed main combustion chamber through aperture, and form a large amount of combustion swirls, the main combustion chamber flame propagation speed, and then improve combustion efficiency, improved the slow shortcoming of CNG fuel flame velocity of propagation;
2. because precombustion chamber high-speed and high-temperature combustion gas energy is enough, high-speed high-temperature gas can form a large amount of combustion swirls when aperture enters main combustion chamber simultaneously, main combustion chamber CNG-air Mixture concentration can reduce, can realize lean combustion at main combustion chamber, reduce discharging, improve combustion efficiency, can prevent the air flue tempering phenomenon simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the chamber structure schematic diagram
Embodiment
The below describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is a kind of preferred embodiment in the numerous embodiments of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, this system is mainly by 1. gas injector; 2. spark plug; 3. aperture; 4. precombustion chamber; 5. main combustion chamber; 6. intake duct forms.
(1) precombustion chamber is a Small Combustion chamber, is positioned at by the spark plug of main combustion chamber top, and small volume, volume are about 1% of main combustion chamber;
(2) precombustion chamber links to each other by several apertures with main combustion chamber, and aperture is in a certain angle, is convenient to form eddy current;
(3) precombustion chamber is designed with low-pressure CNG sparger, by the CNG sparger a small amount of CNG is sprayed into precombustion chamber, around the precombustion chamber spark plug, form denseer gas-air mixture, control CNG jet pressure, prevent that a large amount of CNG jet pressures are excessive, denseer CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber too early in a large number in a large amount of precombustion chambers;
(4) a part of CNG combustion gas forms thin CNG-air Mixture and enters main combustion chamber by intake duct by spraying into intake manifold, and burns rapidly by precombustion chamber high-speed and high-temperature combustion-gas flow drive main combustion chamber lean combustion gas;
(5) precombustion chamber is designed with spark plug, by the denseer CNG gas-air mixture of spark ignitor precombustion chamber, and by aperture the high-speed and high-temperature combustion gas are sprayed into main combustion chamber, by setting little hole number and angle, in main combustion chamber, form combustion swirl, drive the burning of main combustion chamber lean mixture CNG combustion gas rapid diffusion, the pushing piston acting.
By above the CNG engine chamber, designing precombustion chamber, and design several apertures in a certain angle and link to each other with main combustion chamber, precombustion chamber is designed with the CNG sparger simultaneously, form denseer CNG-air Mixture by the CNG sparger at precombustion chamber, by spark ignitor precombustion chamber inflammable mixture, through small holes the high-speed and high-temperature combustion gas are sprayed into main combustion chamber, and form a large amount of combustion swirls, because the high temperature and high speed combustion-gas flow energy that precombustion chamber forms enough drives the rapid combustion of main combustion chamber lean combustion mixed gas, improved velocity of propagation of flame, thereby can realize lean combustion at main combustion chamber, reduce discharging, improve combustion efficiency, and can prevent tempering phenomenon.
The combustion jet process is preferably as follows:
1, aspirating stroke: IO Intake Valve Opens; thin CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber 5 by intake duct 6; and enter precombustion chamber 4 by aperture 3; simultaneously because suction function; precombustion chamber 4 little residue part waste gas enter main combustion chamber 5; mixes with thin gas-air mixture, owing to the precombustion chamber volume is about main combustion chamber volume about 1%, affect also very little;
2, compression stroke: IC Intake Valve Closes, piston stroking upward, in compression stroke latter stage, ECU control CNG sparger 1 sprays into an amount of combustion gas to precombustion chamber 4, increases precombustion chamber combination gas concentration;
3, expansion stroke: when piston moves to top dead center, 2 igniting of precombustion chamber spark plug, light precombustion chamber CNG-air Mixture, the high-temperature gas of burning expands rapidly, enter at a high speed main combustion chamber through aperture 3, form violent eddy current at main combustion chamber 5, drive the thin CNG-air Mixture of main combustion chamber and burn rapidly, the acting of expanding;
4, exhaust stroke: exhauxt valve opens, piston stroking upward, waste gas is discharged;
CNG-air Mixture that the spark ignitor precombustion chamber is flammable, precombustion chamber flame expands rapidly, the high-temp combustion air-flow enters main combustion chamber through several apertures in a certain angle at a high speed, and form a large amount of combustion swirls at main combustion chamber, drive the thin CNG-air gas mixture of main combustion chamber and burn rapidly, the acting of expanding.Compare with conventional engines, this scheme has advantages of flame propagation speed, simultaneously by the little hole number of design and angle, guiding precombustion chamber high-temperature high-speed airflow can form strong combustion swirl when entering main combustion chamber, fuel is better mixed with air, fuel combustion is got more complete, reduce discharging and improve fuel efficiency.
In addition can be enough owing to precombustion chamber high temperature and high speed gas energy, main combustion chamber CNG-air combination gas concentration can reduce, thereby realizes lean combustion, thereby reduces discharging, improves combustion efficiency, and can avoid occurring the backfiring in intake manifold phenomenon.
The above has carried out exemplary description to the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as the various improvement of having adopted method design of the present invention and technological scheme to carry out; or directly apply to other occasion without improvement, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a CNG engine combustion chamber structure is characterized in that, comprises the CNG sparger, spark plug, and aperture, precombustion chamber, main combustion chamber and intake duct, wherein,
Described precombustion chamber is arranged at the main combustion chamber top, precombustion chamber links to each other by several apertures with main combustion chamber, and it is a Small Combustion chamber, and volume is about 1% of main combustion chamber, described a plurality of aperture is in a certain angle, makes combustion gas form combustion swirl when small holes enters main combustion chamber;
Be that leg-of-mutton structure is separated and formed described aperture at described leg-of-mutton the right and left by a section between described precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber;
Described spark plug is arranged at the main combustion chamber top, and described precombustion chamber is positioned at the spark plug next door;
Described CNG sparger is arranged at the precombustion chamber top, and it is a low-pressure CNG sparger, is used for spraying into a small amount of CNG to precombustion chamber, forms the CNG-air Mixture at precombustion chamber;
Described spark plug is for the CNG-air Mixture of lighting precombustion chamber, and combustion gas spray into main combustion chamber through small holes;
Described intake duct connects main combustion chamber, and for air inlet in the firing chamber, intake duct and main combustion chamber are the inclined-plane and join.
2. the fuel injection method of CNG engine combustion chamber structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts following steps:
(1) aspirating stroke: IO Intake Valve Opens, thin CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber by intake duct, and enters precombustion chamber by aperture;
Precombustion chamber little residue part waste gas mixes with thin gas-air mixture because suction function enters main combustion chamber;
(2) compression stroke: IC Intake Valve Closes, piston stroking upward, in compression stroke latter stage, ECU control CNG sparger sprays into an amount of combustion gas to precombustion chamber, increases precombustion chamber combination gas concentration;
(3) expansion stroke: when piston moved to top dead center, the precombustion chamber plug ignition was lighted precombustion chamber CNG-air Mixture;
The high-temperature gas of burning expands rapidly, enters at a high speed main combustion chamber through aperture, forms eddy current at main combustion chamber, drives the thin CNG-air Mixture of main combustion chamber and burns rapidly, the acting of expanding;
(4) exhaust stroke: exhauxt valve opens, piston stroking upward, waste gas is discharged.
3. the fuel injection method of CNG engine combustion chamber structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the step (2), control CNG jet pressure, prevent that a large amount of CNG jet pressures are excessive, denseer CNG-air Mixture enters main combustion chamber too early in a large number in a large amount of precombustion chambers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101650997A CN102322332B (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2011-06-20 | Combustion chamber structure of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and fuel injection method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101650997A CN102322332B (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2011-06-20 | Combustion chamber structure of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and fuel injection method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102322332A CN102322332A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| CN102322332B true CN102322332B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN102733934B (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-07-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Compressed natural gas (CNG) mono-fuel engine and fuel spraying method of CNG mono-fuel engine |
| US9200560B2 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-12-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Gaseous common rail fuel system and high compression ratio engine using same |
| CN103216316B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-04-15 | 清华大学 | Low-temperature combustion method of internal-combustion engine with fuel reformation inside cylinders and system |
| US8925518B1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-01-06 | Woodward, Inc. | Use of prechambers with dual fuel source engines |
| CN108331658B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-03-06 | 山东大学 | Gas supply system and method for improving frequency response of natural gas engine based on precombustion chamber enrichment |
| CN109184898A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of marine large-diameter natural gas engine precombustion chamber multiple jet ignition type highly effective combustion system |
| JP7376995B2 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2023-11-09 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Gas engine with turbocharger and its combustion method |
| CN112268977B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-08-12 | 天津大学 | Realize that burning flame optics of formula that flows heating of admitting air is visual measuring device |
| CN112901337B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-22 | 贵州华气动力有限责任公司 | High-power low-concentration gas engine and gas supply method thereof |
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| JP3756995B2 (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 2006-03-22 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Combustion gas supply method and structure for gas engine |
| JPH10306725A (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1998-11-17 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Structure of auxiliary chamber of lean combustion gas engine |
| JPWO2004099584A1 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2006-07-13 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Subchamber gas engine combustion chamber structure and subchamber gas engine |
| JP4191586B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2008-12-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combustion control method and combustion control apparatus for gas engine |
| JP2010090860A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas engine using low calory gaseous fuel |
| JP5325019B2 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2013-10-23 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Sub-chamber engine |
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