CN116020983A - Solidification characteristic simulation device for neutron residual stress spectrometer - Google Patents
Solidification characteristic simulation device for neutron residual stress spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN116020983A CN116020983A CN202211573774.4A CN202211573774A CN116020983A CN 116020983 A CN116020983 A CN 116020983A CN 202211573774 A CN202211573774 A CN 202211573774A CN 116020983 A CN116020983 A CN 116020983A
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present application provide a solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer, comprising: a base configured to have a top plate and a bottom plate, and the top plate is formed as a rectangular frame provided with an opening; a casting part mounted on the top plate of the base; a pressure regulating part which is arranged in the base; the casting mold is arranged in the pressure regulating part so as to apply pressure load to the casting mold under the action of the pressure regulating part; the two temperature adjusting parts are respectively arranged on two side walls of the casting mould along the transverse direction and are respectively combined with the pressure adjusting parts; wherein the casting section is configured to smelt metal and to inject liquid metal into the casting mold through an opening in a top plate of the base.
Description
Technical Field
At least one embodiment of the present application relates to an engineering casting solidification characteristic simulation device, and in particular to a solidification characteristic simulation device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer.
Background
Casting is one of the main modes of manufacturing and forming metal engineering parts, and a casting stress field is easy to cause cracking, deformation and dimension out-of-tolerance of castings, and is a main factor of high rejection rate of key castings such as large thin walls, complex structures, dissimilar materials and the like. The detection and regulation of the casting stress field become a key technology for restricting the manufacturing and forming of high-precision castings.
Based on the property of neutrons having deep penetration, capable of penetrating the casting mold, it is applied to test stress/strain information of castings. In the prior art, neutron residual stress spectrometers are commonly used to detect the stress field of castings. However, neutron residual stress spectrometers have certain limitations on the size and weight of the part being tested, and thus, the need to detect the stress field of an oversized, overweight part using neutron residual stress spectrometers cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application has been made to provide a solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-described problems.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer, including: a base configured to have a top plate and a bottom plate, and the top plate is formed as a rectangular frame provided with an opening; a casting part mounted on the top plate of the base; a pressure regulating part installed inside the base; a casting mold installed inside the pressure regulating part to apply a pressure load to the casting mold under the action of the pressure regulating part; and two temperature adjusting parts respectively arranged on two side walls of the casting mould along the transverse direction and respectively combined with the pressure adjusting parts; wherein the casting part is configured to smelt metal and to inject liquid metal into the casting mold through an opening in a top plate of the base.
According to the solidification characteristic simulation device for the neutron residual stress spectrometer, the casting part capable of injecting liquid metal into the casting mold is arranged, the pressure regulating part and the temperature regulating part are arranged to apply pressure load and temperature load to the casting mold, and the solidification process of the specific part of the casting is simulated, so that the requirement of detecting the stress field of the specific part in the oversized and overweight part by adopting the neutron residual stress spectrometer is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a solidification signature simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a casting section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a pressure regulating portion; and
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly between the pressure bar, the heating rod and the casting mold.
In the figure:
1-a base; 11-top plate; 12-a bottom plate;
2-a casting part;
21-a smelting assembly; 211-an inductive power supply; 212-a housing; 213-double-layer copper bars; 214-an electrode axis; 215-connecting sleeve; 216-a smelting chamber;
22-a transmission assembly; 221-motor; 222-chain; 223-drive plate; 224-sprocket;
23-a temperature measuring component; 231-rack; 232-connecting plates; 233-a slide bar; 234-slide block; 2341-first through holes; 2342-second through holes; 235-thermocouple;
3-a pressure regulating part;
31-a pressure output assembly; 311-hydraulic pump; 312-oil pipe;
32-a pressure application assembly; 321-a pressure bar; 3211-a mounting shell; 3212-an oil cylinder; 3213-ceramic pad; 3214-ceramic ejector pins; 3215-indenter; 3216-manometer; 3217-groove;
33-a mold receiving cavity;
34-a fixed plate;
35-heat insulation board;
4-casting a mold;
5-a temperature adjusting part; 51-heating rod.
Detailed Description
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are one embodiment of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without the benefit of the present disclosure, are intended to be within the scope of the present application based on the described embodiments.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be taken in a general sense as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. If, throughout, reference is made to "first," "second," etc., the description of "first," "second," etc., is used merely for distinguishing between similar objects and not for understanding as indicating or implying a relative importance, order, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, it being understood that the data of "first," "second," etc., may be interchanged where appropriate. If "and/or" is present throughout, it is meant to include three side-by-side schemes, for example, "A and/or B" including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously.
According to an inventive concept of an aspect of the present application, there is provided a solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer, including: a base configured to have a top plate and a bottom plate, and the top plate is formed as a rectangular frame provided with an opening; a casting part mounted on the top plate of the base; a pressure regulating part which is arranged in the base; the casting mold is arranged in the pressure regulating part so as to apply pressure load to the casting mold under the action of the pressure regulating part; the two temperature adjusting parts are respectively arranged on two side walls of the casting mould along the transverse direction and are respectively combined with the pressure adjusting parts; wherein the casting section is configured to smelt metal and to inject liquid metal into the casting mold through an opening in a top plate of the base.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a solidification signature simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer of the present application; fig. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly between the pressure bar, the heating rod and the casting mold.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a solidification characteristic simulation device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer is provided, and includes a base 1, a casting portion 2, a pressure regulating portion 3, a casting mold 4, and two temperature regulating portions 5. The base 1 is configured to have a top plate 11 and a bottom plate 12, and the top plate 11 is formed as a rectangular frame provided with an opening. The casting section 2 is mounted on the top plate 11 of the base 1. The pressure regulating portion 3 is installed inside the base 1. The casting mold 4 is installed inside the pressure regulating portion 3 to apply a pressure load to the casting mold 4 by the pressure regulating portion 3. The two temperature adjusting portions 5 are provided on both side walls of the casting mold 4 in the lateral direction, respectively, and are combined with the pressure adjusting portions 3, respectively. Wherein the casting section 2 is configured to smelt metal and to inject liquid metal into the casting mold 4 through an opening in the top plate 11 of the base 1.
In the embodiment, the casting part 2 capable of injecting liquid metal into the casting mold 4 is arranged, and the pressure regulating part 3 and the temperature regulating part 5 are arranged to apply pressure load and temperature load to the casting mold 4 so as to simulate the solidification process of a specific part of a casting, thereby meeting the requirement of detecting the stress field of the specific part in the oversized and overweight part by adopting a neutron residual stress spectrometer.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the casting section.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the casting portion 2 includes a smelting assembly 21 and a drive assembly 22. A smelting assembly 21 is mounted on the top plate 11 of the base 1 and is configured to smelt metal by induction heating. The drive assembly 22 is configured to drive the melting chamber 216 of the melting assembly 21 upside down to pour the liquid metal inside the melting chamber 216 into the casting mold 4.
Through the arrangement mode, the solid metal is heated and smelted into the liquid metal through the smelting assembly 21, and the smelting cavity 216 of the smelting assembly 21 is turned over under the drive of the transmission assembly 22, so that the liquid metal in the smelting cavity 216 is poured into the casting mold 4, and the requirements of smelting the solid metal and casting the liquid metal into the casting mold 4 are met.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, smelting assembly 21 includes an inductive power supply 211, a housing 212, stacked double layer copper bars 213, an electrode shaft 214, a smelting chamber 216, and an induction coil 217. The inductive power supply 211 is mounted on the top plate 11 of the base 1. The housing 212 and the induction power supply 211 are mounted side by side in the lateral direction on the top plate 11 of the base 1. A stacked double-layered copper bar 213 is mounted on the proximal end of the top plate 11 of the base 1, the double-layered copper bar 213 is configured in an L shape, and one end extending in the longitudinal direction is connected to the induction power supply 211. The electrode shaft 214 extends into the interior of the housing 212 in the longitudinal direction and is connected to the other end of the double-layered copper bar 213 extending in the transverse direction through a connecting sleeve 215. Smelting chamber 216 is disposed within housing 212. The induction coil 217 is sleeved outside the smelting chamber 216, and two ends of the induction coil 217 are respectively connected with the electrode shaft 214 and the transmission assembly 22.
In this embodiment, the induction coil 217 is sleeved outside the smelting chamber 216, and the induction coil 217 is inductively heated by the electrode shaft 214, the stacked double-layer copper bars 213 and the induction power supply 211 to heat the smelting chamber 216, so that the solid metal placed inside the smelting chamber 216 is smelted into liquid metal.
In this embodiment, the melting chamber 216 is a crucible. Further, in the present embodiment, the electric energy loss is reduced by adopting the stacked double-layer copper bars 213 to transmit electric current, and the highest smelting temperature of the smelting cavity 216 can reach 2000 ℃ by means of induction heating in the present embodiment, so as to meet the smelting of the conventional alloy.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the drive assembly 22 includes a motor 221, a drive disk 223, and a sprocket 224. The motor 221 is mounted at the proximal end of the top plate 11 of the base 1 and is disposed on the side of the housing 212 remote from the inductive power supply 211. The transmission disk 223 is sleeved outside the electrode shaft 214. The sprocket 224 is sleeved outside the electrode shaft 214 and combined with the driving disc 223, and the sprocket 224 rotates under the driving of the motor 221 through the chain 222 to drive the driving disc 223 to rotate, so that the electrode shaft 214 is driven to rotate to drive the smelting cavity 216 to turn over. Both ends of the induction coil 217 are connected to the electrode shaft 214 and the driving disk 223, respectively.
In the above arrangement, the sprocket 224 is driven by the motor 221 to rotate by the chain 222 to drive the driving disc 223 to rotate, so as to drive the electrode shaft 214 to rotate, so as to drive the smelting chamber 216 to turn over, and the liquid metal in the smelting chamber 216 is poured into the casting mold 4.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the casting section 2 further includes a temperature sensing assembly 23. The temperature measuring assembly 23 comprises a bracket 231, a connecting plate 232, a slide bar 233, a slider 234 and a thermocouple 235. The bracket 231 extends in the vertical direction. The connection plate 232 is horizontally disposed and connected to the bracket 231. The slide bar 233 extends in a vertical direction and is connected with the connection plate 232. The slider 234 is provided with a first through hole 2341 and a second through hole 2342, and the slider 234 is slidably sleeved outside the slide bar 233 through the first through hole 2341. A thermocouple 235 is provided inside the second through hole 2342 and extends into the inside of the case 212 in a vertical direction to measure the temperature of the induction coil 217.
In the above arrangement, on the one hand, the temperature of the induction coil 217 can be measured by the thermocouple 235 to monitor the heating temperature of the smelting chamber 216; on the other hand, the sliding block 234 is slidably sleeved outside the sliding rod 233, so as to adjust the position of the thermocouple 235 in the vertical direction, so as to meet the requirement of monitoring the heating temperatures of the smelting cavity 216 at different height positions.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the pressure regulating portion.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pressure regulating part 3 includes a pressure output assembly 31, two sets of pressure applying assemblies 32, and a mold receiving cavity 33. The pressure output assembly 31 is mounted on the bottom plate 12 of the base 1. The two sets of pressure applying components 32 extend into the base 1 along the transverse direction respectively, and are connected with the pressure output components 31 respectively, so that the pressure output components 31 are communicated with oil paths between the two sets of pressure applying components 32 respectively. The mold receiving cavity 33 is provided between the two sets of pressure output assemblies 31 and is adapted to mount the casting mold 4. Wherein the pressure applying assembly 32 applies a pressure load to the casting mold 4, and both sides of the mold accommodating chamber 33 in the lateral direction are provided with fixing plates 34 to fix the two sets of pressure applying assemblies 32, respectively.
In the above arrangement, the casting mold 4 is installed in the mold accommodating chamber 33, and the pressure applying assembly 32 applies a pressure load to the casting mold 4 by the pressure output assembly 31 to simulate the stress boundary condition of a specific solidification portion of the casting.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the pressure output assembly 31 includes a hydraulic pump 311 and two sets of oil lines 312. The hydraulic pump 311 is provided on the bottom plate 12 of the base 1. Each set of oil pipes 312 is connected at one end to the hydraulic pump 311 and at the other end to the set of pressure applying assemblies 32 on the same side to provide pressure to the pressure applying assemblies 32.
In the above arrangement, the hydraulic pump 311 supplies pressure to the pressure applying assembly 32 through the two sets of oil pipes 312, respectively, so as to satisfy the need of applying a pressure load to the casting mold 4 through the pressure applying assembly 32.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, each set of pressure applying assemblies 32 includes a plurality of pressure bars 321. Each pressure bar 321 includes a mounting shell 3211, an oil cylinder 3212, a ceramic spacer block 3213, a ceramic ram 3214, and a ram 3215. The oil cylinder 3212 extends in the lateral direction and protrudes into the inside of the installation housing 3211. A ceramic spacer 3213 is provided inside the mounting case 3211 and is connected to a side of the oil cylinder 3212 adjacent to the mold receiving chamber 33. The ceramic jack 3214 extends in the lateral direction and protrudes from the fixing plate 34, and one end is connected to the ceramic pad 3213 to reciprocate linearly in the lateral direction by the driving of the oil cylinder 3212. A ram 3215 is connected to the other end of the ceramic jack 3214 to apply a compressive load to the casting mold 4 under the drive of the ceramic jack 3214.
In the present embodiment, by providing each set of the pressure applying assemblies 32 to include a plurality of pressure bars 321, it is possible to simulate stress boundary conditions of different specific solidification sites on a casting by controlling the pressure value applied to the outside by each pressure bar 321 separately to control the pressure value applied to different positions on the casting mold 4 separately.
In this embodiment, the maximum pressure value that each pressure rod 321 can apply is 4KN.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 4, each pressure bar 321 further comprises a pressure gauge 3216. A pressure gauge 3216 is provided between the oil cylinder 3212 and the ceramic block 3213 to monitor a pressure value applied by the oil cylinder 3212.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, each temperature adjusting part 5 includes a plurality of heating rods 51, one heating rod 51 is provided on each pressure rod 321, a groove 3217 is provided at a side of the pressure head 3215 adjacent to the mold receiving cavity 33, one end of the heating rod 51 is provided inside the groove 3217, and the other end of the heating rod 51 is embedded in a side wall of the casting mold 4 adjacent to the pressure head 3215 to apply a temperature load to the casting mold 4.
In the present embodiment, by providing each temperature adjusting part 5 to include a plurality of heating rods 51, it is possible to simulate temperature boundary conditions of different specific solidification sites on a casting by controlling the temperature of each heating rod 51 separately to control the temperature loads applied to different positions on the casting mold 4 separately.
In the present embodiment, the maximum heating temperature of the heating rod 51 is 450 ℃, and thus, the heating temperature of the heating rod 51 is adjusted in a range from room temperature to 450 ℃.
In some exemplary embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, a heat insulating plate 35 is further provided between the fixing plate 34 and the mold receiving chamber 33.
The foregoing embodiments have been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and are not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A solidification characterization device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer, comprising:
a base (1) configured to have a top plate (11) and a bottom plate (12), and the top plate (11) is formed as a rectangular frame provided with an opening;
a casting part (2) mounted on a top plate (11) of the base (1);
a pressure regulating part (3) which is installed inside the base (1);
a casting mold (4) installed inside the pressure regulating part (3) to apply a pressure load to the casting mold (4) under the action of the pressure regulating part (3); and
two temperature adjusting parts (5) which are respectively arranged on two side walls of the casting mould (4) along the transverse direction and are respectively combined with the pressure adjusting parts (3);
wherein the casting section (2) is configured to smelt metal and to inject liquid metal into the casting mold (4) through an opening in a top plate (11) of the base (1).
2. The solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the casting section (2) includes:
a smelting assembly (21) mounted on the top plate (11) of the base (1) and configured to smelt metal by induction heating; and
-a transmission assembly (22) configured to drive the melting chamber (216) of the melting assembly (21) to turn over to pour the liquid metal inside the melting chamber (216) inside the casting mould (4).
3. The solidification characterization device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein the smelting assembly (21) comprises:
an induction power supply (211) mounted on the top plate (11) of the base (1);
a housing (212) mounted on a top plate (11) of the base (1) side by side in a lateral direction with the induction power supply (211);
a stacked double-layered copper bar (213) mounted on a proximal end of a top plate (11) of the base (1), the double-layered copper bar (213) being configured in an L-shape, and one end extending in a longitudinal direction being connected to the induction power supply (211);
an electrode shaft (214) extending into the interior of the housing (212) in the longitudinal direction and connected to the other end of the double-layer copper bar (213) extending in the transverse direction through a connecting sleeve (215);
a smelting chamber (216) disposed within the housing (212); and
and the induction coil (217) is sleeved outside the smelting cavity (216), and two ends of the induction coil (217) are respectively connected with the electrode shaft (214) and the transmission assembly (22).
4. A solidification characterization simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 3, wherein the transmission assembly (22) comprises:
a motor (221) mounted on the proximal end of the top plate (11) of the base (1) and disposed on the side of the housing (212) away from the induction power supply (211);
a transmission disc (223) sleeved outside the electrode shaft (214); and
the chain wheel (224) is sleeved outside the electrode shaft (214) and combined with the transmission disc (223), and the chain wheel (224) rotates under the driving of the motor (221) through a chain (222) so as to drive the transmission disc (223) to rotate, thereby driving the electrode shaft (214) to rotate so as to drive the smelting cavity (216) to overturn.
5. The solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the casting section (2) further comprises a temperature measuring assembly (23), the temperature measuring assembly (23) comprising:
a bracket (231) extending in the vertical direction;
the connecting plate (232) is horizontally arranged and connected to the bracket (231);
the sliding rod (233) extends along the vertical direction and is connected with the connecting plate (232);
the sliding block (234), a first through hole (2341) and a second through hole (2342) are arranged on the sliding block (234), and the sliding block (234) is slidably sleeved outside the sliding rod (233) through the first through hole (2341); and
and a thermocouple (235) disposed inside the second through hole (2342) and extending into the inside of the housing (212) in a vertical direction to measure the temperature of the induction coil (217).
6. The solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the pressure regulating portion (3) includes:
a pressure output assembly (31) mounted on the bottom plate (12) of the base (1);
the two groups of pressure applying assemblies (32) extend into the base (1) along the transverse direction respectively and are connected with the pressure output assemblies (31) respectively, so that the pressure output assemblies (31) are communicated with oil paths between the two groups of pressure applying assemblies (32) respectively; and
a mould-receiving chamber (33) arranged between two sets of said pressure-outputting assemblies (31) and adapted to mount said casting mould (4);
wherein the pressure applying assembly (32) applies a pressure load to the casting mold (4), and both sides of the mold accommodating chamber (33) in the lateral direction are provided with fixing plates (34) to fix the two sets of the pressure applying assemblies (32), respectively.
7. The coagulation characterization device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer of claim 6, wherein the pressure output assembly (31) comprises:
a hydraulic pump (311) provided on a bottom plate (12) of the base (1); and
and two groups of oil pipes (312), wherein one end of each group of oil pipes (312) is connected with the hydraulic pump (311), and the other end is connected with one group of pressure applying assemblies (32) on the same side so as to provide pressure for the pressure applying assemblies (32).
8. The solidification characterization device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer of claim 7, wherein each set of the pressure application assemblies (32) includes a plurality of pressure rods (321), each pressure rod (321) including:
a mounting case (3211);
an oil cylinder (3212) extending in the lateral direction and extending into the inside of the installation case (3211);
the ceramic cushion block (3213) is arranged in the mounting shell (3211) and is connected to one side, close to the die accommodating cavity (33), of the oil cylinder (3212);
a ceramic ejector rod (3214) extending in the transverse direction and extending from the fixed plate (34), wherein one end of the ceramic ejector rod is connected with the ceramic cushion block (3213) so as to reciprocate linearly in the transverse direction under the drive of the oil cylinder (3212); and
and a pressure head (3215) connected to the other end of the ceramic ejector rod (3214) so as to apply a pressure load to the casting mold (4) under the driving of the ceramic ejector rod (3214).
9. The coagulation characterization device for a neutron residual stress spectrometer of claim 8, wherein each pressure rod (321) further comprises:
and a pressure gauge (3216) disposed between the oil cylinder (3212) and the ceramic pad (3213) to monitor a pressure value applied by the oil cylinder (3212).
10. The solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 9, wherein each of the temperature adjustment portions (5) includes a plurality of heating rods (51), one of the heating rods (51) is provided on each of the pressure rods (321), a groove (3217) is provided on a side of the ram (3215) close to the mold accommodating chamber (33), one end of the heating rod (51) is provided inside the groove (3217), and the other end of the heating rod (51) is embedded in a side wall of the casting mold (4) adjacent to the ram (3215) to apply a temperature load to the casting mold (4).
11. The solidification characteristic simulation apparatus for a neutron residual stress spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein a thermal insulation plate (35) is further provided between the fixing plate (34) and the mold accommodating chamber (33).
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