CN116017759A - LoRa autonomous regulation-based ad hoc network communication method, equipment and medium - Google Patents
LoRa autonomous regulation-based ad hoc network communication method, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN116017759A CN116017759A CN202211611501.4A CN202211611501A CN116017759A CN 116017759 A CN116017759 A CN 116017759A CN 202211611501 A CN202211611501 A CN 202211611501A CN 116017759 A CN116017759 A CN 116017759A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ad hoc network communication method, equipment and medium based on LoRa autonomous regulation, wherein the method is applied to a LoRa gateway with a plurality of LoRa modules, one of the LoRa modules is used as a network access module, and the method comprises the following steps: the network access module receives network access request information from the terminal node by adopting preset modulation parameters; establishing connection with the terminal node according to the network access request information and determining connection parameters including network period with the terminal node through three-way handshake; and periodically updating the connection parameters with the terminal nodes according to the network period negotiated during network access, and synchronizing the connection parameters when the terminal nodes are in data downlink. Compared with the prior art, the method solves the problem of channel collision generated by LoRa during communication by means of autonomous regulation and control and the like, and improves the effectiveness of LoRa transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to an Ad hoc network communication method, device and medium based on LoRa autonomous regulation.
Background
The connection and transmission are key technologies of the Internet of things, are the basis of industrial digitization, and the development speed of the Internet of things is directly influenced by the development level of the Internet of things. In recent years, various connection and transmission modes of the internet of things are mature, and the adopted technology is different for different scenes. In wide area network communication, loRa is widely applied in the industrial field due to the characteristics of low deployment cost, long transmission distance, low power consumption and the like. The conventional LoRa deployment mode has two deployment modes based on the LoRa wan protocol and the private protocol (point-to-point), and the two deployment modes have advantages and disadvantages, wherein the transmission protocol of the LoRa wan depends on the LoRa baseband chip, and the transmission collision problem exists by adopting the protocol of ALOHA. The traditional LoRa networking is mostly completed by adopting a baseband chip SX130x, the scheme has higher cost, and the adopted ALOHA protocol has the problem of channel conflict. In addition, a single LoRa chip is arranged at the network management side, and communication between the gateway side and the terminal node is realized through a single chip, but the communication efficiency is extremely low in the mode.
Chinese patent application number CN201810272004.3 discloses a low power consumption remote networking method, based on CSMA/CA channel access mechanism, a network node listens to whether the current channel is occupied; if the current channel is busy, calculating a first delay back-off time through a random algorithm, and after the first delay back-off time is ended, intercepting the current channel again, and if the current channel is busy, repeating the steps until the network node intercepts that the current channel is idle; calculating a second delay back-off time through a random algorithm, and monitoring the current channel again after the second delay back-off time is ended; the network node monitors that the current channel is busy, and repeats the steps; and if the current channel is idle in both interception, immediately sending the current node data to the host through the current channel. The application reduces node communication delay and ensures communication success rate and reliability. However, this application does not address the problem of transmission collisions for multiple LoRa networks within an area.
In summary, there is currently a lack of an ad hoc network communication method based on autonomous LoRa regulation, so as to solve or partially solve the problem that transmission of multiple LoRa networks in an area easily causes collision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an Ad hoc network communication method, equipment and medium based on LoRa autonomous regulation, which adopt periodic autonomous regulation of receiving parameters at a gateway side, complete synchronization of the gateway side and a terminal node and solve or partially solve the problem of transmission conflict of a plurality of LoRa networks in an area.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ad hoc network communication method based on autonomous regulation of LoRa, applied to a LoRa gateway having a plurality of LoRa modules, one of the plurality of LoRa modules being an access module, the method comprising the steps of:
the network access module receives network access request information from the terminal node by adopting preset modulation parameters;
establishing connection with the terminal node according to the network access request information and determining connection parameters including network period with the terminal node through three-way handshake;
and periodically updating the connection parameters with the terminal nodes according to the network period negotiated during network access, and synchronizing the connection parameters when the terminal nodes are in data downlink.
As a preferred technical solution, after the network access request information is obtained, the method further includes:
and acquiring the unique ID of the terminal node according to the network access request information, judging whether the terminal node is allowed to access the network according to a preset rule, and refusing the terminal node to join if not.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method further comprises:
and sending the time stamp information to the terminal node to realize time synchronization of the LoRa gateway and the terminal node.
As an preferable technical solution, periodically updating connection parameters with the terminal node, and synchronizing the connection parameters when the terminal node is in data downlink specifically includes:
and the LoRa gateway reallocates time slices for each terminal node by adopting a preset rule according to the number of the terminal nodes currently accessing the network, sets a synchronous task and sends matched connection parameters to the corresponding terminal nodes according to the synchronous task.
As a preferred technical solution, the acquiring of the network access request information includes the following steps:
the LoRa gateway receives network access test request information from a terminal node and sends network access test response information after random delay;
and acquiring SNR and/or RSSI data according to the response information, and receiving the network access request information from the terminal node by adopting a preferable LoRa gateway determined by a preset strategy.
As a preferred technical solution, the connection parameters include: and in the period, time slice division, spread spectrum factors, channels and coding rates are carried out, connection parameters are obtained when the terminal node is accessed to the network, and the connection parameters are periodically updated and synchronized by the LoRa gateway.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method further comprises:
the network access module monitors a communication channel by adopting preset modulation parameters, receives emergency communication data from the terminal node, and realizes communication between the gateway and the terminal node under the condition that the terminal node needs to send or process the emergency data.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method further comprises:
and receiving communication data from the terminal node and sending the communication data to the outside through a data transmission module, wherein the data transmission module supports one or more communication modes in RS485, RS232, BLE, WIFI, 4G and Ethernet.
In another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including one or more processors and a memory, where the memory stores one or more programs, where the one or more programs include instructions for executing the self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation as described above.
In another aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that includes one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The method solves or partially solves the problem of transmission conflict of a plurality of LoRa networks in the area by distributing the receiving parameters when accessing the network and periodically and autonomously regulating the receiving parameters at the gateway side and simultaneously completing the synchronization between the gateway side and the terminal node.
(2) And the terminal node periodically sends out a network access request by adopting an autonomous negotiation network access mode, the surrounding gateway generates random delay after receiving the message and then issues a network access response, and the terminal node autonomously selects a gateway response confirmation network access instruction according to parameters such as SNR, RSSI and the like after receiving the multi-gateway response, so that the terminal node exchanges data with the optimized LoRa gateway, and the effectiveness of LoRa transmission is improved.
(3) The channel idle detection and the time slices are fused, the time slices distributed by the gateway can be obtained after the terminal node finishes network access, the terminal node autonomously completes data transmission in the uplink time slices, and the uplink time slices and the LoRa parameters are periodically and dynamically adjusted by the network management side, so that the conflict among the terminal nodes in the same LoRa network is reduced.
(4) The receiving parameters are regulated and controlled autonomously and are synchronous with the terminal nodes periodically, so that the periodic dynamic adjustment of the parameters is realized, and compared with the mode of fixing one modulation parameter or fixing a plurality of modulation parameters, the channel conflict is greatly reduced.
(5) A terminal node clock synchronization function is added. The gateway side can issue a time stamp when accessing the network, and the terminal node can calculate the transmission time of the data in the air according to the modulation parameter after receiving the time stamp, and compensate the time, thereby achieving accurate synchronization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an ad hoc network communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware of the LoRa based autonomous regulatory ad hoc network system of example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the self-organizing network system based on the LoRa in the embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an self-networking communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation, which is applied to the self-networking system based on the LoRa autonomous regulation as shown in fig. 2-3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the system adopts 4 groups of LoRa modules, which are in serial communication with the main controller, and the data of the 4 groups of LoRa modules are transmitted to the main controller, and the analysis and the transmission of the data are controlled by the main controller. In addition, the hardware system also supports communication modes such as RS485, RS232, BLE and the like on the lower side, and supports communication modes such as WIFI, 4G, ethernet and the like on the upper side, so that the data transmission function of various scenes is met.
The traditional LoRa networking is mostly completed by adopting a baseband chip SX130x, the scheme has higher cost, and the adopted ALOHA protocol has the problem of channel conflict. In addition, a single LoRa chip is arranged at the network management side, and communication between the gateway side and the terminal node is realized through a single chip, but the communication efficiency is extremely low in the mode. As shown in fig. 3, the system designs an autonomous regulation algorithm based on the multi-channel LoRa, so as to realize efficient data transmission.
The system uses a LoRa module as a transmitting end, and the three LoRa modules always work in a receiving mode and are used for receiving the LoRa data with different modulation parameters, wherein the modulation parameters comprise a spread spectrum factor, a channel and a coding rate.
After the LoRa module receives the information, preprocessing is firstly carried out, the preprocessing is finished and then the preprocessing is sent to the main controller, and then the main controller finishes the analysis of the data. Algorithms such as LoRa autonomous regulation, time slot detection fusion, mixed modulation and the like are realized in the main controller.
Based on the above functions, the system provides a period adjustment service, a network access service, a clock synchronization service, and a time slice service. And finally, forming two modes of terminal node working modes based on the services, wherein the terminal node working modes respectively aim at a low-power-consumption scene and a non-low-power-consumption scene.
In the non-transmitting mode, the LoRa1 is switched to a receiving mode with fixed modulation parameters for receiving network access information of the node. All terminal nodes complete network access through LoRa1, and the network access process is completed independently by the terminal nodes and the gateway without background or manual intervention. On the other hand, emergency data for the terminal node can also be sent to the LoRa1, reducing channel collisions.
The three receiving modules of LoRa2, loRa3 and LoRa4 are completely operated in a receiving mode, the receiving parameters of the receiving modules are regulated and controlled independently by the main controller and are periodically synchronized with the terminal nodes, so that the periodic dynamic adjustment of the parameters is realized, and compared with the mode of fixing one modulation parameter or fixing a plurality of modulation parameters, the channel conflict is greatly reduced. Wherein, the receiving parameters comprise spreading factors, channels and coding rates.
To avoid modulation parameter collision problems within a network, the present design provides time slice services. And the network management side automatically completes the time slice division and allocation tasks according to the number of nodes in the network. The relevant data is synchronized when communicating with the end node. Thus, the end node requires a clock synchronization function. The network management side can issue a time stamp when accessing the network, and the terminal node can calculate the transmission time of data in the air according to the modulation parameter after receiving the time stamp, and compensates the time, thereby achieving accurate synchronization.
The terminal equipment is accessed to the network and the communication between the terminal node and the network management side is encrypted, and the terminal node and the gateway have unique IDs so as to identify the identity of the other party.
In the embodiment, a plurality of LoRa single chips are used as a hardware basis, and LoRa multichannel full duplex communication is realized by using multiple chips. In order to solve transmission conflict of a plurality of LoRa networks in one area, the LoRa parameters are periodically and autonomously regulated and controlled at a gateway side, and synchronization of the gateway side and a terminal node is completed through downlink data. An autonomous negotiation network access mode is adopted. The terminal node periodically sends out network access requests, surrounding gateways generate random delay after receiving the messages, then send out network access responses, and the terminal node receives the multi-gateway responses and then according to the SNR. Parameters such as RSSI and the like, and the autonomous selection gateway responds to the confirmation network access instruction. In order to avoid conflict among terminal nodes in a LoRa network, the invention provides a channel idle detection and time slice fusion algorithm. After the terminal node finishes network access, an uplink time slice distributed by the gateway can be obtained, the terminal node autonomously completes data transmission in the uplink time slice, and the uplink time slice and the LoRa parameters are periodically and dynamically adjusted by a network management side.
The embodiment provides an ad hoc network regulation and control system based on LoRa, which well realizes the following functions:
and the terminal node and the gateway are autonomously regulated and controlled in communication parameters. The autonomous update of the LoRa modulation parameters is realized through the design of multichannel LoRa hardware and a regulation algorithm, and the modulation parameters are dynamically regulated, so that the conflict generated by the same modulation parameters is greatly reduced.
And a time slot and channel idle detection fusion algorithm is utilized to provide time slice service, so that the conflict problem generated in a LoRa network is completely avoided.
The network access of the terminal nodes is completely completed by the terminal nodes without manual intervention, so that the workload of constructors is greatly simplified.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an electronic device, including one or more processors and a memory, where the memory stores one or more programs, where the one or more programs include instructions for executing the self-networking communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation as described in embodiment 1.
In another aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that includes one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the LoRa autonomous regulatory-based ad hoc network communication method as described in embodiment 1.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ad hoc network communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation, which is applied to a LoRa gateway having a plurality of LoRa modules, wherein one of the LoRa modules is used as a network access module, and the method comprises the following steps:
the network access module receives network access request information from the terminal node by adopting preset modulation parameters;
establishing connection with the terminal node according to the network access request information and determining connection parameters including network period with the terminal node through three-way handshake;
and periodically updating the connection parameters with the terminal nodes according to the network period negotiated during network access, and synchronizing the connection parameters when the terminal nodes are in data downlink.
2. The self-networking communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, wherein after the network access request information is obtained, the method further comprises:
and acquiring the unique ID of the terminal node according to the network access request information, judging whether the terminal node is allowed to access the network according to a preset rule, and refusing the terminal node to join if not.
3. The self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, further comprising:
and sending the time stamp information to the terminal node to realize time synchronization of the LoRa gateway and the terminal node.
4. The self-organizing network communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein the connection parameters with the terminal node are updated periodically, and when the terminal node is in data downlink, the connection parameters are synchronized specifically as follows:
and the LoRa gateway reallocates time slices for each terminal node by adopting a preset rule according to the number of the terminal nodes currently accessing the network, sets a synchronous task and sends matched connection parameters to the corresponding terminal nodes according to the synchronous task.
5. The self-networking communication method based on the LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the networking request information comprises the following steps:
the LoRa gateway receives network access test request information from a terminal node and sends network access test response information after random delay;
and acquiring SNR and/or RSSI data according to the response information, and receiving the network access request information from the terminal node by adopting a preferable LoRa gateway determined by a preset strategy.
6. The self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, wherein the connection parameters include: and in the period, time slice division, spread spectrum factors, channels and coding rates are carried out, connection parameters are obtained when the terminal node is accessed to the network, and the connection parameters are periodically updated and synchronized by the LoRa gateway.
7. The self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, further comprising:
the network access module monitors a communication channel by adopting preset modulation parameters, receives emergency communication data from the terminal node, and realizes communication between the gateway and the terminal node under the condition that the terminal node needs to send or process the emergency data.
8. The self-networking communication method based on LoRa autonomous regulation according to claim 1, further comprising:
and receiving communication data from the terminal node and sending the communication data to the outside through a data transmission module, wherein the data transmission module supports one or more communication modes in RS485, RS232, BLE, WIFI, 4G and Ethernet.
9. An electronic device comprising one or more processors and memory, the memory having one or more programs stored therein, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing the method of self-networking communication based on LoRa autonomous regulation as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.
10. A computer readable storage medium comprising one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing the method of self-networking communication based on LoRa autonomous regulation as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.
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