CN106793128A - A kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods - Google Patents
A kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
- H04W74/0841—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment
- H04W74/085—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment collision avoidance
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, including control channel time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, wherein：Control channel time slot allocation procedures：When node sends signaling in the fixed time slot of oneself, only this node is in transmission state, and other nodes are in intercepting state；Node can also be multiplexed the fixed time slot of other free time；Data channel time slot assigning process：Node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel, and transmitting-receiving node time domain original position on a data channel is determined after the completion of negotiation is preengage.The present invention effectively increases channel resource utilization rate, reduces the collision rate of control channel signaling under traditional C/S MA mechanism, eliminates the stand-by period that the carrier sense before packet sends and competition send, and effectively improves system bandwidth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, more particularly to a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation sides
Method.
Background technology
Wireless Mesh network technology has the characteristic of self-organizing self-configuring, rapid deployment and flexible expansion, is of future generation wide
One of key technology with cordless communication network.Using based on carrier sense/conflict avoidance more than conventional wireless Mesh network
(CSMA/CA) access mechanism.The mechanism will produce serious conflict when node density is larger, under causing systematic function drastically
Drop.And TDMA mechanism is preengage by the dynamic to data slot, it is possible to prevente effectively from due to the conflict of competition generation.
Wireless Mesh netword mac-layer protocol based on TDMA can be improved to a greater extent under the network environment of competition high
Radio channel utilization, efficiently distributes channel resource, therefore can provide network capacity higher.Especially protected in some QOS
Barrier requires there is bigger advantage in network that is higher and needing reserved resource.
A kind of access mechanism based on carrier sense/conflict avoidance (CSMA/CA) is disclosed in the prior art.Control signaling
Need to intercept channel before sending with user data, if the free time can send immediately, if channel is busy, when waiting one section
Between until channel in data information transfer terminate after initiate again.If data produce to have conflicted and also need to carry out rollback trial, enter
The re-transmission of row related data information.The mechanism will produce serious conflict when node density is larger, cause systematic function drastically
Decline.The communication situation of unsuitable high bandwidth requirements, and some feedback-less signaling frame Yi Dan conflict after can only lose；Separately
Outward, the problem of concealed terminal, will also result in being greatly lowered for bandwidth.
A kind of TDMA mechanism based on fixed time slot distribution is also disclosed in the prior art, i.e., to all node institutes in network
The time slot that the time-space distribution for using carries out static state is divided.System is fixed as each according to factors such as node capacity and neighborhoods
Node device distributes its exclusive resource timeslot, and other nodes can be intercepted in the time slot.In the mechanism each node when
Gap resource is set up the initial stage and is allocated in advance in system, is difficult to be adjusted in the course of the work, it is impossible to adapt to dynamic topology change
The network characteristic of change, node is insensitive for the change that it sends data traffic, will also result in a large amount of losses of bandwidth.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of multichannel that can solve the problem that defect present in prior art without
Line Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods.
Technical scheme：Channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods of the present invention, including control channel
Time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, wherein：
Control channel time slot allocation procedures：When node sends signaling in the fixed time slot of oneself, only this node is in
Transmission state, other nodes are in intercepting state；Node can also be multiplexed the fixed time slot of other free time；
Data channel time slot assigning process：Node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel,
And transmitting-receiving node time domain original position on a data channel is determined after the completion of negotiation is preengage.
Further, in the control channel time slot allocation procedures, node can be multiplexed consolidating for the neighbor node within double bounce
Timing gap.
Further, the multiplexing of neighbor node fixation time slot is carried out by the following method within the double bounce：Node is by pre-
Mode about subscribes to fixed time slot, and is broadcasted in the range of double bounce.
Further, the mode of the reservation is to carry reserve requests to carry out periodic advertisement, Huo Zhe in broadcast frame
Notified in frame is consulted when adjacent node finds that interface-free resources conflict.
Further, in the control channel time slot allocation procedures, node can be multiplexed consolidating for the neighbor node beyond double bounce
Timing gap.
Further, the multiplexing of neighbor node fixation time slot is carried out by the following method beyond the double bounce：Node is based on two
The idle fixed time slot of hop neighbor list selection, is taken with certain probability；If node sends in a broadcast cycle
The number of times of signaling has exceeded preset times, then re-multiplexing does not fix time slot；If node in the broadcast cycle more than 1/2 also not
Send opportunity is obtained, then it is not to keep for the fixed time slot of oneself 1 time that can take；If node be it is new add, can be with
Occupancy is not to keep for the fixed time slot of oneself 3 times.
Further, in the data channel time slot assigning process, if the data frame interval that reservation is consulted spans broadcast
The transmission cycle of frame, then judge current broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixed time slot：If it is, node is forced
Switching back into control channel carries out the transmission of broadcast frame, is switched to the data channel continuation data that reservation is consulted to determine after terminating again
The transmission of frame；Otherwise, then whether decision node is in transmission state, if it is, stopping transmission state and being converted to reception shape
State is intercepted, if it is not, then node does not do any change.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
(1) in the present invention, control channel is fixed time slot and distributes the mode being combined with dynamic time slot allocation to interface-free resources
Divided, if node in the fixed time slot of oneself without the demand for sending signaling, the time slot that can be fixed gives other
Node is used, and so efficiently solves the collision problem of broadcast frame under traditional C/S MA mechanism, improves channel resource utilization rate, is had
Help route and the neighborhood convergence of wireless Mesh netword under mobile context；
(2) present invention effectively reduces the collision rate of control channel signaling under traditional C/S MA mechanism, eliminates packet hair
The stand-by period that carrier sense and competition before sending send, effectively improve system bandwidth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the topological diagram of the Mesh network of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the running time-frequency resource of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the control channel time slot distribution diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the data channel time slot distribution diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, technical scheme is further introduced.
This specific embodiment discloses a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, including control letter
Road time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, wherein：
Control channel time slot allocation procedures：This is a kind of semi-static assigning process, the whole running time-frequency resource quilt of control channel
Time slot one by one is divided into, each node determines this on the basis of the whole network synchronization according to node logical LID% nodes N
Node signaling frame time slot position.When signaling frame time slot position requirement node sends signaling in the fixed time slot of oneself, only originally
Node is in transmission state, and other nodes are in intercepting state.Node can also be multiplexed the fixed time slot of other free time.
Data channel time slot assigning process：This is a kind of dynamic allocation procedure, and node is on a control channel according to scheduler
Result to data packet dispatching carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources, and transmitting-receiving section is determined after the completion of negotiation is preengage
Point time domain original position on a data channel.The least unit of resource allocation is the integral multiple of time slot.Time slot refers to empty node
The minimum running time-frequency resource unit that mouth resource can be split.
In this specific embodiment, each node has multiple physical channels, wherein, a passage is logical as sending
Road, other passages are used as receiving channel.Each passage can be only in being in communication with each other between a frequency range, node in the same time will
Seeking transmitting-receiving two-end must be maintained in identical frequency range in communication occasions, except non-usage control channel.Each passage in principle
Working channel can in whole work frequency domain any switching laws, the complexity realized is considered in this specific embodiment, will
Control channel is fixed, data channel can between multiple frequency ranges any switching laws.Working channel can carry out dynamic instruction by software,
Static allocation can also be carried out at the system initial stage of setting up by configuration file.
The whole network time synchronized can be synchronized using external clock reference to the whole network node, can also use internal clock source, root
According to certain node in the Clock properties of node or other uniqueness characteristics selection net as clock source, other nodes are with the clock
Source node is synchronized.
Node logical LID refers to the exclusive number for indicating node, is that node is imported when not going up electricity by configuration file
In node, node logical LID of the node in same Mesh network is unique.Nodes N refers to a Mesh net
The maximum node number that can be accommodated in network.
Signaling frame includes two spike-type cultivars, i.e. broadcast frame resource and consults frame resource.Wherein, broadcast frame resource is not answered
With, consult frame resource according to configuration parameter support be not multiplexed, preengage multiplexing and seize be multiplexed these three multiplex modes.
Reservation multiplex mode refers to that node can be multiplexed the resource of neighbours within double bounce, is ordered by way of reservation
Read, and broadcasted in the range of double bounce；Reserve resource can keep single subframe, can also keep a number of subframe.Its
In, reserve requests can be carried and periodic advertisement is carried out in broadcast frame by the mode of reservation, also can be when adjacent node equipment
It was found that when interface-free resources conflict, being notified in frame is consulted.
Seizing multiplex mode refers to, node can be multiplexed the resource of neighbours beyond double bounce, when idling-resource is found with one
Determining probability seize using；Each node can be based on the idle broadcast resource of two-hop neighbors list selection, be entered with certain probability
Row takes；It is no longer extra to take resource if node have sent repeatedly in a broadcast cycle.If node is exceeding
Send opportunity was also there is no in 1/2 broadcast cycle, then can take unreserved broadcast resource 1 time to increase transmitter
Meeting.To the new node for adding, to accelerate to allow other node perceived to its presence, can be on unreserved broadcast resource additionally
Send 3 times.
Preengaging the process consulted is specifically：Service originating point is consulted frame slot and is sent according to the data traffic of scheduling at it
RTS frames, carry working channel and data traffic information in RTS frames, business receiving node consults frame slot and responds CTS frames at it,
Confirmation is carried in CTS frames.
The process for determining transmitting-receiving node time domain original position on a data channel is specifically：Transmitting-receiving node appointment data frame
The channel and data frame of transmission position shared in the running time-frequency resource under the channel and data length.Positional distance CTS
One fixed value of frame period.After time delay terminates, working channel is all switched to the number for consulting for sending node and receiving node
It is believed that road, starts the transmission of data frame.Wherein, the fixed value at CTS intervals needs to consider frequency error factor time delay, propagation delay time, place
Reason time delay and transmitting-receiving change the physical layer factors such as time delay to be planned, are configured also dependent on test empirical value.Data frame
Consistent length, can be more with Fd, and allocated length is more long, but may not exceed maximum frame length；And the length should be returned including receiving node
The discreet value such as the time span of ACK/NACK, propagation delay time and transmitting-receiving conversion time delay again.
After node is transmitted on a data channel, namely sending node receive ACK/NACK feedback after, switch at once
Control channel is returned, is consulted with the channel booking for preparing next time.
Wherein, described maximum frame length refer to the reservation of data channel resource of node device get in continuous biography of eating dishes without rice or wine
The maximum length of transmission of data, the length can contemplate the factors such as data resource, feedback information resource and channel guard interval, can
Different business scene is adapted to dynamic configuration, it is also possible to fixed allocation, unit is the minimum particle size of resource allocation.
In data channel time slot assigning process, if the data frame interval that reservation is consulted spans the transmission week of broadcast frame
Phase, then judge current broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixed time slot：If it is, node is forced to switch back into control
Channel carries out the transmission of broadcast frame, is switched to the transmission that the data channel continuation data frame of determination is consulted in reservation after terminating again；
Otherwise, then channel switching is not carried out, and whether decision node is in transmission state, if it is, stopping transmission state and changing
For reception state is intercepted, if it is not, then node does not do any change.
Additionally, during method disclosed in this specific embodiment both can apply to channel wireless radio multi network, it is also possible to apply
In single channel wireless network.
Technical solution of the present invention is further introduced below by one embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a topological structure for radio communication Mesh network, and the network capacity that system is supported is 8 nodes, dotted line
The node of connection neighbor node each other.
Fig. 2 is the video resource figure of node, and transverse axis represents time domain, and unit is OFDM symbol；The longitudinal axis represents frequency domain, supports F1
To Fn working channel.
In the present embodiment, node is possessed two radio frequencies and is led to using double multi-channel models for receiving single-shot, i.e., one node device
Road：One of radio-frequency channel only has the receiving terminal not have a transmitting terminal, and fixed work is on a control channel；Another radio-frequency channel was both
Can send to be received, and can be only in a single frequency range in the same time, and node intercommunication is then required
Transmitting-receiving two-end must be maintained in identical frequency range in communication occasions, except non-usage control channel.Certainly, this method can also be fitted
For other multi-channel models for receiving single-shot, principle is similar to, and here is omitted more.
Fig. 3 is the time slot distribution diagram of control channel in node interface-free resources.It can be seen that, system is reserved according to the nodes supported
All nodes are used for the video resource broadcasted.The frequency that wherein Fc characterization controls channel is used, broadcast frame resource period is carried out
Distribution (its cycle can configure, and can also determine through consultation).In addition to broadcast frame, other time slots are distributed on consulting frame, wherein, x
X-th broadcast frame/negotiation frame resource of node occupancy is characterized, wherein each grid with numeral is an occupancy time slot, numeral
Characterize node serial number.
On node 1,8 after electricity, broadcast frame is periodically sent in the one's own broadcast frame slot shown in Fig. 3, in other sections
The broadcast frame slot of point is monitored, so as to complete the work being initially accessed.Hereafter, the neighbor node each other of node 1 and 8.
When there is Business Stream to be initiated from node 1, node is classified to operation layer data message, into different priority
Token bucket, token bucket is divided into corresponding to control signaling/broadcast/multi broadcast/unicast according to priority, provides unicast service extra again
3 kinds of priority token buckets.Scheduler carries out periodic scheduling according to token bucket priority.
According to scheduling result, node 1 can obtain this transmission needs the working frequency points of the data packet length and recommendation for sending,
And the content is encapsulated into RTS frames, sent on control channel Fc, such as corresponding association of Fig. 3 interior joints 1 of the time slot corresponding to it
Shown in business's frame slot, in this time slot, other nodes can only be monitored.
If other nodes listen to the RTS frames of the transmission of node 1, non-of the destination node of the frame data is known from frame information
Node, carries out discard processing.
If node 8 listens to the RTS frames of the transmission of node 1, the destination node that the frame data are known from frame information is this section
Point, then the information such as data length and working frequency points in extraction outbound message, encapsulates CTS frames, in control together with confirmation
Sent on channel Fc.Time slot corresponding to it is consulted shown in frame slot as Fig. 3 interior joints 1 are corresponding, in this time slot, other
Node can only be monitored.
Node 8 is immediately switched to the data frames to be received such as the data channel for consulting after being sent completely.
If other nodes listen to the CTS frames of the transmission of node 8, non-of the destination node of the frame data is known from frame information
Node, carries out discard processing.
If node 1 listens to the CTS frames of the transmission of node 8, the destination node that the frame data are known from frame information is this section
Point, then make following treatment according to the parsing to frame information：
1) consult successfully
Determine that the time slot start-stop position of data frame, i.e. time delay start apart from one time slot of CTS frame periods according to negotiation result,
Untill data frame end.The data channel for consulting is then switched to, starts the transmission of data frame.
Fig. 4 indicates the resource allocation conditions of the data channel time slot of different nodes, as shown in figure 4, first resource bar is
The time-frequency resource allocating result once dispatched of the Business Stream between node 1 and node 8 in the present embodiment.It can be seen that association
The channel distributed after business is Fd1, and two nodes agreement will receive the time slot of CTS frames as original position apart from node 1, by distance
Starting position of one deviation post of time slot of this original position as data frame time domain.
The treatment of the deviation post is intended merely to simplify embodiment, in practical application, it is necessary to consider frequency error factor time delay,
Propagation delay time, processing delay and transmitting-receiving conversion time delay according to specific physical layer, it is necessary to provide the deviant.As illustrated,
First resource bar is the Fd resource bars that node 1 is obtained with the negotiation of node 8, and its original position is the starting position of Fd time domains, its length
The resource size obtained for negotiation is spent, unit is OFDM symbol.
2) channel negotiation failure
After the frame of node 1 hears the CTS frames that node 8 sends, it is the discovery that channel number consults failure, illustrates that the channel is unavailable,
Then need to re-start channel distribution, above-mentioned negotiations process is then initiated according to new allocation result again.
So far, negotiations process terminates, if node device also has the data to need scheduling, is repeated according to new scheduling result
State negotiation and time slot allocation procedures.
After data frame sends and terminates each time, sending node equipment and receiving node equipment must be by working channel switchback controls
Channel processed.
If node 1 does not all listen to the CTS frames of reply in once overtime duration, negotiations process is initiated again, if
After attempting for several times, then it is assumed that the channel resource consulted is unavailable.Now need to re-start channel resource allocation, then basis
Channel distribution result initiates above-mentioned negotiation and resource allocation process again.
Additionally, as shown in first resource bar in Fig. 4, according to above-mentioned negotiation result, a data frame of node 1 and node 8
Length spans the transmission interval of broadcast frame, if the broadcast frame slot belongs to the sending time slots of node 1, node 1 will must be broadcasted
Frame sending time slots are reserved and, and stop the transmission work of current data frame in broadcast frame sending time slots original position, by work
Channel switches to control channel Fc, carries out the transmission work of broadcast frame；Frame slot to be broadcast is consulted before being switched back into again after terminating
Good data channel Fd1 continues the transmission of data frame.Node 7 need not then change state, can proceed with and intercept, because it is more
The structure of passage can make it while being intercepted on data channel and control channel.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, it is characterised in that：Including the distribution of control channel time slot
Process and data channel time slot allocation procedures, wherein：
Control channel time slot allocation procedures：When node sends signaling in the fixed time slot of oneself, only this node is in and sends
State, other nodes are in intercepting state；Node can also be multiplexed the fixed time slot of other free time；
Data channel time slot assigning process：Node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel, and
Reservation determines transmitting-receiving node time domain original position on a data channel after the completion of consulting.
2. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
In channel time slot assigning process processed, node can be multiplexed the fixed time slot of the neighbor node within double bounce.
3. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described two
The multiplexing of neighbor node fixation time slot is carried out by the following method within jump：Node subscribes to fixed time slot by way of reservation,
And broadcasted in the range of double bounce.
4. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described pre-
Mode about is to carry reserve requests to carry out periodic advertisement in broadcast frame, or finds interface-free resources punching in adjacent node
Notified in frame is consulted when prominent.
5. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
In channel time slot assigning process processed, node can be multiplexed the fixed time slot of the neighbor node beyond double bounce.
6. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described two
The multiplexing of neighbor node fixation time slot is carried out by the following method beyond jump：Node is based on consolidating for two-hop neighbors list selection free time
Timing gap, is taken with certain probability；If the number of times that node sends signaling in a broadcast cycle has exceeded default time
Number, then re-multiplexing does not fix time slot；If node does not obtain send opportunity also in the broadcast cycle more than 1/2, can account for
With not being to keep for the fixed time slot of oneself 1 time；If node is new addition, it is not to keep for consolidating for oneself that can take
Timing gap 3 times.
7. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The number
It is believed that in road time slot allocation procedures, if the data frame interval that reservation is consulted spans the transmission cycle of broadcast frame, judging to work as
Preceding broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixed time slot：If it is, node pressure switches back into control channel and carries out extensively
The transmission of frame is broadcast, the transmission that the data channel continuation data frame of determination is consulted in reservation is switched to after terminating again；Otherwise, then judge
Whether node is in transmission state, if it is, stop transmission state and be converted to reception state and intercepted, if it is not,
Then node does not do any change.
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| CN107360611A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆金美通信有限责任公司 | The method for routing of TDMA wireless network time slot collisions is avoided in the range of a kind of wide area network |
| CN108990157A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Chain time gap distribution method of the self-organizing TDMA network based on conflict buffer area |
| WO2019047201A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | 海能达通信股份有限公司 | Wireless transmission resource configuration method and device in wireless mesh network, and communication equipment |
| CN109561513A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-02 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | A kind of distribution Lothrus apterus ad hoc network multiple access protocol |
| CN109714812A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-03 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low-power consumption distributed medium access control method based on TDMA |
| CN109936875A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of double-channel media access control method priority-based |
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| CN111405520A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Network addressing mechanism and time slot scheduling method for two-hop access and terminal direct connection |
| CN112203236A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN112383967A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2021-02-19 | 上海酷芯微电子有限公司 | Node device of wireless self-organizing network, scheduling control method and medium |
| CN112634659A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 大连海事大学 | Embedded-based multi-ship positioning information acquisition and transmission system |
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| CN112634659A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 大连海事大学 | Embedded-based multi-ship positioning information acquisition and transmission system |
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