CN116014985A - Additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipe - Google Patents
Additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN116014985A CN116014985A CN202111231106.9A CN202111231106A CN116014985A CN 116014985 A CN116014985 A CN 116014985A CN 202111231106 A CN202111231106 A CN 202111231106A CN 116014985 A CN116014985 A CN 116014985A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The utility model discloses an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe. The motor comprises a water-cooling shell, a stator iron core, a stator winding, a heat pipe, a circumferential communicating vessel, a mounting groove and heat-conducting gel; a cooling water channel is arranged in the water-cooling shell; the stator winding, the stator iron core and the water-cooling shell form a cavity; the heat-conducting gel is filled in the accommodating cavity, and solid-solid phase change materials are filled in the accommodating cavity; mounting grooves are formed in two ends of the water-cooling shell; the heat pipe condensation section is assembled in the mounting groove of the water-cooling shell and extends into the cooling water channel to be in direct contact with cooling water; the evaporation section of the heat pipe penetrates through the heat conducting gel and extends into the mounting groove of the stator core to realize low-thermal resistance close fit with the stator winding; the outer surface of the evaporation section fixedly sealed on the heat-conducting gel part is provided with spiral grooves or fins. The utility model uses the heat pipe as the heat conduction component to transfer the heat inside the motor stator to the outside of the motor, reduces the temperature difference gradient of the stator core, prevents local temperature from overheating, and fills solid-solid phase change material in the heat conduction gel to solve the problem that the motor heats and burns out the coil due to excessive instant current after the motor is started, thereby prolonging the service life of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of cooling of high-speed rail permanent magnet traction motors, in particular to an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe.
Background
The high-speed rail permanent magnet traction motor has the advantages of high power density, high efficiency, simple mechanism, small volume, light weight and the like. With the higher requirements on the large traction power and the light weight of the motor, the motor generates losses in the operation process, the losses are converted into heat, the temperature of the motor is easy to rise, particularly, when the motor is started, a large current flows through a stator winding, and the temperature of the stator winding rises in a short time. The motor temperature is too high, so that on one hand, the performance of the permanent magnet is reduced, even irreversible demagnetization is caused, on the other hand, the winding is damaged, the service life of the coil is shortened, and the performance of the motor is further influenced. Therefore, limiting the temperature rise is critical to improving the efficiency, stability and reliability of the motor operation.
Air cooling and water cooling are two common motor heat dissipation modes, and the air cooling heat dissipation system has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, convenience in installation and the like, and the poor heat dissipation efficiency determines that the air cooling heat dissipation system can only be applied to motors with low power density. The water cooling system is used for cooling the motor in an indirect water cooling mode, and the cooling water channels in a common water cooling mode are arranged at the machine shell, so that the heat dissipation capability of the high-heat part cannot be directly weakened. In recent years, an enhanced motor heat dissipation scheme adopting high-heat-conductivity heat transfer devices such as heat-conducting glue, heat pipes, copper bars and the like as additional heat paths is an effective means for solving the heat dissipation problem of key heating components of a motor, and a new thought for improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor is provided.
The utility model patent practice of Chinese patent CN201810106929.9 discloses a motor applied to a stator assembly for an electric automobile traction motor for strengthening heat management. The 3D heat pipe and the solid-phase heat storage material are used, so that the heat pipe is matched with the stator winding, and the heat inside the motor is rapidly conducted out by the heat pipe.
The patent of ZL201721507324.X discloses a motor stator assembly for reducing the temperature of a permanent magnet motor and an air-cooled motor applied to a new energy automobile. A plurality of independent annular heat pipes are arranged in the shell assembly groove so as to quickly spread a large amount of heat in the motor into the water-cooled shell.
First, in the above patent, it was not found in the field of high-speed rail permanent magnet traction motors, and simply embedding a heat pipe in an assembly groove of an inner wall of a casing, the heat pipe merely promotes heat transfer from the inside of the motor to the inner surface of the casing, and does not directly conduct heat to the outside of the casing and cooling water, so that the cooling effect is limited. And in the motor cooling effect optimization process, domestic and foreign experts have less structural research on directly participating in the heat exchange inside the motor by cooling water in order to ensure the tightness of the permanent magnet motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe, which aims to overcome the defects of uneven temperature distribution, large temperature gradient, poor heat dissipation effect and the like of a stator core of the high-speed rail permanent magnet traction motor. The heat pipe is led into the water-cooled shell to be in direct contact with cooling water, so that the cooling efficiency between the high-heat component inside the motor and the cooling water is improved, and the long-term running stability of the motor is further ensured.
The utility model aims to provide an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe, which comprises a water-cooling shell, a stator core, a stator winding, the heat pipe, a circumferential communicating vessel, a mounting groove, a cooling water channel and heat conducting gel, wherein the water-cooling shell is provided with a plurality of heat pipes; the stator iron core is arranged on the inner wall of the water-cooling shell, and the two ends of the water-cooling shell are provided with mounting grooves; a plurality of heat pipes are arranged between the stator core and the water-cooling shell; the heat pipe is internally filled with cooling liquid, and the inner wall of the heat pipe is provided with a liquid suction core; the heat generated by the stator core is conducted into and taken away by the cooling water through the heat pipe.
The stator core is shorter than the stator winding and the water-cooling shell, so an annular cavity is enclosed between the stator core, the stator winding and the water-cooling shell, and the annular cavity is filled with the heat-conducting gel.
The water cooling machine is characterized in that a cooling water channel is arranged in the water cooling machine shell, the cooling water channel adopts a reciprocating water channel, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are arranged on the reciprocating water channel, and the axial length of the cooling water channel is larger than that of the stator winding.
The heat pipe condensation section is assembled in the mounting groove of the water-cooling shell, and extends into the cooling water channel through the mounting groove to be in direct contact with cooling water; the evaporating section of the heat pipe is assembled in the stator mounting groove, and the outer surface of the evaporating section is contacted with the stator core and is tightly matched with the stator winding in a low thermal resistance way through heat conducting gel.
Considering the requirement of consistent heat dissipation performance under the working condition of forward and reverse rotation of the motor, each end of the motor is provided with six to fifty heat pipes, the heat pipes are uniformly distributed on two end faces of the water-cooling shell along the circumferential direction, the number of the mounting grooves is consistent with the number of the heat pipes, and the size design is carried out according to the actual motor heating power and the cooling water channel structure.
The outer surface of the evaporation section fixedly sealed on the heat conducting gel part is provided with spiral grooves or fins.
The solid-solid phase change material is filled in the heat conduction gel, and when the heat conduction gel reaches a certain temperature after being heated, the phase change heat storage material filled in the heat conduction gel can generate phase change and can absorb heat generated by the stator winding and the stator iron core; at the moment of starting the high-speed rail permanent magnet motor, the stator winding flows through a large current, more heat is generated in a short time, and the phase change heat storage in the heat conduction gel can reduce the temperature rise and avoid burning out the coil.
The thermally conductive gel has superior insulating properties and higher thermal conductivity and shape remains unchanged during phase changes.
Further, the cross section of the mounting groove is circular, and the cross section of the heat pipe is circular.
Further, the mounting groove on the stator core is connected with the heat pipe in an expansion joint way.
Furthermore, the heat pipe and the mounting groove of the water-cooling shell can be connected through cementing because of the sealing requirement on the joint of the water-cooling shell and the heat pipe.
Furthermore, the heat pipe is a sintered capillary wick copper heat pipe, and the inner wall wick is made of capillary porous materials.
As a preferable scheme, the surface of the heat pipe is passivated so as to reduce the abrasion and corrosion of the shell of the heat pipe and prevent the leakage of working medium in the heat pipe.
As an optimal scheme, the circumferential communicating vessel comprises a plurality of annular communicating pipes which are arranged in a gap between the upper part of the stator core and the motor end cover and are intersected with all the heat pipes to form a working pipeline together.
As a preferable scheme, the working medium poured into the heat pipe is a refrigerant medium. The refrigerant medium with higher vaporization latent heat and heat conductivity coefficient should be selected to reduce the consumption of the refrigerant medium and the volume of the heat pipe, such as deionized water.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following effects:
(1) The utility model adopts the heat pipe as the heat conduction component, the heat pipe has extremely high heat transfer efficiency, on one hand, a large amount of heat of the stator winding can be directly and rapidly transferred into cooling water in the water-cooling shell and taken away by the cooling water, on the other hand, the heat transfer efficiency of the stator iron core and the water-cooling shell can be enhanced, so that a large amount of heat originally concentrated in the stator winding and the stator iron core is rapidly transferred and diffused into the whole water-cooling shell and the cooling water, the temperature difference gradient of the stator iron core is greatly reduced, the problem of local temperature overheating is eliminated, and the heat distribution recombination is realized.
(2) The heat-conducting gel is filled with solid-solid phase change materials, and gaps between the water-cooling shell and the end part of the stator winding are filled; on one hand, when the heat conducting gel reaches a certain temperature after being heated, the heat storage material filled in the heat conducting gel generates phase change; at the moment of starting the Gao Gaotie permanent magnet motor, the stator winding flows through a large current, more heat is generated in a short time, and the phase change heat storage in the heat conducting gel can reduce the temperature rise and avoid burning out the coil. On the other hand, the heat conducting gel has excellent insulating property and higher heat conductivity, and the shape of the heat conducting gel is kept unchanged in the phase change process, so that the heat convection efficiency between the stator winding and the water cooling shell is improved, and the heat pipe is fixed.
(3) The heat pipe condensation section and the evaporation section fixedly sealed on the heat conducting gel part are provided with spiral grooves or fins on the outer surface, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and meanwhile, the disturbance of cooling water on the surface of the heat pipe is enhanced in the heat pipe condensation section, so that the heat transfer is further enhanced.
(4) The heat pipe has a smaller section and can be bent conveniently, so that the redundant small space between the stator winding of the motor and the water-cooling shell can be fully utilized, the volume of the motor is not required to be enlarged additionally, and the motor and other objects can be integrated conveniently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective cross-sectional view of an additional hot-path enhanced cooling structure for a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a water-cooled enclosure of an additional hot-path enhanced cooling architecture for a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipes in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a partial assembly view of a heat pipe and stator core of an additional hot-path enhanced cooling structure for a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure for a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipes;
reference numerals in fig. 1 to 4 illustrate:
1-a water-cooling shell; 2-stator core; 3-stator windings; 4-a heat pipe; 5-a circumferential communication vessel; 6-a mounting groove; 7-a cooling water channel; 8-Heat conducting gel
Detailed Description
The technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the utility model are more clear and definite by further describing the specific embodiments of the utility model with reference to the drawings in the specification. The following examples are illustrative by referring to the drawings, intended to explain the present utility model, but the scope and embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the utility model provides an additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on a heat pipe, which comprises a water cooling shell 1, a stator core 2, a stator winding 3, the heat pipe 4, a circumferential communicating vessel 5, a mounting groove 6, a cooling water channel 7 and heat conducting gel 8.
A perspective cross-sectional view of the water-cooled casing 1 is shown in fig. 2; a cooling water channel 7 is arranged in the water-cooling machine shell 1, the cooling water channel 7 in the water-cooling machine shell 1 adopts a reciprocating water channel, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the cooling water channel 7, and the axial length of the cooling water channel 7 is larger than that of the stator winding 3; the two ends of the water-cooling shell 1 are provided with mounting grooves 6, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor under the working condition of forward and reverse rotation is required to be consistent, each end of the motor is provided with six to fifty heat pipes 4, twenty-five are taken as an example here, namely twenty-five upper end surfaces and twenty-five lower end surfaces are respectively arranged at the moment, the mounting grooves 6 are uniformly distributed on the two end surfaces of the water-cooling shell 1 along the circumferential direction, and the number of the mounting grooves 6 is consistent with the number of the heat pipes 4.
The stator core 2 is integrally sleeved in the water-cooling machine shell 1, and the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the water-cooling machine shell 1;
the stator core 2 is shorter than the stator winding 3 and the water-cooled shell 1, so an annular cavity is enclosed between the stator core 2 and the water-cooled shell, and the annular cavity is filled with the heat-conducting gel 8.
The heat pipe 4 is a sintered capillary wick copper heat pipe, and the inner wall wick is made of capillary porous materials; the condensing section is assembled in the mounting groove 6 of the water-cooled shell 1, penetrates through the mounting groove 6 and stretches into the cooling water channel 7 to be in direct contact with cooling water, and is tightly matched with the mounting groove 6 through a cementing process; the evaporation section of the heat pipe 4 is assembled in the mounting groove 6 of the stator core 2, and the outer surface of the evaporation section of the heat pipe 4 is in contact with the stator core 2 and is in close fit with the stator winding 3 with low thermal resistance through the heat conducting gel 8.
Passivation is carried out on the surface of the heat pipe 4 so as to reduce abrasion and corrosion of the shell of the heat pipe 4 and prevent the leakage of working medium in the heat pipe 4.
The condensing section of the heat pipe 4 and the outer surface of the evaporating section fixedly sealed on the heat conducting gel 8 are provided with spiral grooves or fins.
The heat conductive gel 8 is filled with solid-solid phase change material, and neopentyl glycol and 3% CuO nano particles are compounded, so that the heat conductivity of the material can be increased from 0.12W/(m.K) to 0.61W/(m.K) and the insulating property of the material can be ensured.
Considering the width of the motor cooling water channel 7, the heat conducting piece is a circular heat pipe 4, the diameter can be reasonably designed according to the width of the cooling water channel 7, and the working medium poured into the heat pipe 4 is a refrigerant medium, such as deionized water.
Further, in order to reduce the contact thermal resistance between the heat pipe 4 and the stator core 2, the mounting groove 6 on the stator core 2 is connected with the heat pipe 4 in an expansion joint manner.
In order to ensure that the cold medium in the heat pipe 4 can evaporate and condense normally, the boiling point of the cold medium should be greater than the cooling water temperature in the water-cooled shell 1 and less than the temperature of the stator core 2 at the evaporation section of the heat pipe 4. For example, when the coolant medium is deionized water, the pressure inside the heat pipe 4 may be about 20kpa, and at this time, the boiling point of the coolant medium is 60 ℃, which is lower than the steady-state temperature of the motor stator core 2 during operation.
The circumferential communicating vessel 5 comprises a plurality of annular communicating pipes which are arranged in a gap between the upper part of the stator core 2 and the motor end cover and are intersected with all the heat pipes 4 to form a working pipeline.
The distance between the heating section of the heat pipe 4 and the stator winding 3 needs to be kept between 2 and 5mm to ensure the insulation requirement of the motor.
The cooling method of the motor comprises the following steps:
in the working process of the motor, the temperature inside the motor rises, heat generated by the stator iron core 2 and the stator winding 3 is transferred into the heat pipe 4 through the heat conducting gel 8, a refrigerant medium in the heat pipe 4 absorbs the heat to evaporate in the evaporation section, steam flows to the condensation section, the steam is condensed into liquid to be transferred into cooling water of the cooling water channel 7, the latent heat is transferred to the condensation section, the condensed liquid flows back to the evaporation section again by the capillary force of the liquid absorption core to absorb the heat again to evaporate, and the circulation is repeated.
On the one hand, when the heat conducting gel 8 is heated to reach a certain temperature, the solid-solid phase change material filled inside generates phase change, so that heat generated by the stator winding 3 and the stator core 2 can be absorbed, the stator winding 3 flows through a larger current at the starting moment of the high-speed rail permanent magnet motor, more heat is generated in a short time, and the phase change heat storage in the heat conducting gel 8 can reduce the temperature rise and avoid burning the coil. On the other hand, the heat conducting gel 8 has excellent insulating property and higher heat conductivity, and improves the heat convection efficiency between the stator winding 3 and the water-cooled shell 1.
When the temperature difference exists between the heat pipes 4, the vapor state refrigerant medium is driven to flow from the high temperature part to the low temperature part through the density difference of the refrigerant medium and the circumferential communicating vessel 5, so that the temperatures of all the heat pipes 4 are consistent, and the temperatures of the stator iron core 2 and the stator winding 3 are kept uniform.
The embodiment of the water-cooled motor eliminates the problem of local temperature overheating by establishing an additional heat path between the motor stator assembly and cooling water, ensures the radiating effect of the water-cooled motor, realizes good temperature control performance in the motor, and ensures the working efficiency and the service life of the water-cooled motor.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present utility model are included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed railway permanent magnet motor extra heat path enhancement mode cooling structure based on heat pipe, includes water-cooling casing, stator core, stator winding, heat pipe, circumference fluid communication ware, mounting groove, heat conduction gel, be provided with the cooling water course in the water-cooling casing; the stator winding, the stator core and the water-cooling shell enclose a cavity, and are characterized in that: the heat conducting gel is filled in the accommodating cavity; mounting grooves are formed at two ends of the water-cooling shell and the stator core; the heat pipe comprises a heat pipe condensation section and a heat pipe evaporation section; the heat pipe condensation section is assembled in the mounting groove of the water-cooling shell and extends into the cooling water channel; the heat pipe evaporation section penetrates through the heat conduction gel and extends into the mounting groove of the stator core, and the outer surface of the heat pipe evaporation section is in contact with the stator core and is in close fit with the stator winding through the heat conduction gel.
2. The heat pipe-based additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein: and each end of the motor is provided with six to fifty heat pipes which are uniformly distributed on two end surfaces of the water-cooling shell along the circumferential direction so as to meet the requirement of consistent heat dissipation performance under the forward/reverse rotation working condition of the high-speed rail permanent magnet motor.
3. The heat pipe-based additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein: the heat pipe condensation section passes through the mounting groove and extends into the cooling water channel to be in direct contact with cooling water; the heat pipe evaporation section is assembled in a heat pipe installation groove of the stator core and is tightly matched with the stator winding in a low thermal resistance mode through heat conduction gel.
4. The heat pipe-based additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein: the solid-solid phase change material is filled in the heat conduction gel, and the phase change temperature of the solid-solid phase change material is not higher than the highest allowable temperature of the high-speed rail permanent magnet motor.
5. The heat pipe-based additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor of claim 2, wherein: the heat pipes are communicated through at least one circumferential communicating vessel; when temperature difference exists between the heat pipes, the gaseous phase-change working medium is driven to flow from the high-temperature part to the low-temperature part through the density difference of the phase-change working medium and the circumferential communicating vessel, so that the temperatures of all the heat pipes are consistent.
6. The heat pipe-based additional heat path enhanced cooling structure of a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the heat pipe condensation section is fixedly sealed on the outer surface of the evaporation section of the heat conduction gel part and is provided with spiral grooves or fins.
7. A heat pipe-based additional heat path enhanced cooling structure for a high-speed rail permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the heat pipe is tightly matched with the water-cooled shell mounting groove through a cementing process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111231106.9A CN116014985A (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111231106.9A CN116014985A (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116014985A true CN116014985A (en) | 2023-04-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111231106.9A Pending CN116014985A (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Additional hot path enhanced cooling structure of high-speed rail permanent magnet motor based on heat pipe |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116390410A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-04 | 浙邮信息技术(广州)有限公司 | Indoor data equipment for 5G big data |
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2021
- 2021-10-22 CN CN202111231106.9A patent/CN116014985A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116390410A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-04 | 浙邮信息技术(广州)有限公司 | Indoor data equipment for 5G big data |
| CN116390410B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-09-05 | 浙邮信息技术(广州)有限公司 | Indoor data equipment for 5G big data |
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