CN116013554A - Groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116013554A CN116013554A CN202211689342.XA CN202211689342A CN116013554A CN 116013554 A CN116013554 A CN 116013554A CN 202211689342 A CN202211689342 A CN 202211689342A CN 116013554 A CN116013554 A CN 116013554A
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Abstract
The invention provides a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing two compression surfaces through a 3D printing process, and forming a double-sided groove structure by forming a preset included angle while leaving a gap between the two compression surfaces; manufacturing a supporting structure of the double-sided groove structure through a 3D printing process; forming a compression-resistant coating outside the double-sided groove structure; providing a polymeric compression columnar shell as a compression and ablation layer structure; and placing the polymer compression columnar shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, enabling the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell to face the gap, and respectively connecting the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell with the two compression surfaces. The invention solves the technical problem of preparing the high-precision groove target, can control the angle and the distance between the compressed grooves with high precision, and has the advantages of simple operation flow, lower cost and batch processing of the groove support body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experimental targets, in particular to a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Energy is an important resource indispensable for human survival. With the advancement of society and the continuous development of productivity, the demand of human beings for energy is increasing. Solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy and the like seem to be infinitely available, but the energy density is low, the production cost is high, and the application is greatly limited due to environmental factors. Nuclear energy is the most potential energy source in the future that can meet the needs of human society. The reserves of materials such as uranium for nuclear fission reaction are limited, and the raw materials and products of the reaction are radioactive substances, which pose a serious threat to human safety. Nuclear fusion energy has very attractive prospect, the fuel is isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium), the reserves are relatively rich, the nuclear fusion energy can be directly or indirectly obtained from water, the reaction operation is safer, and the nuclear fusion energy hardly causes damage to the environment. The controllable nuclear fusion technology is realized, and is one of the key ways for solving the problem of sustainable development of human energy. In terms of controllable nuclear fusion implementations, laser-constrained nuclear fusion is one of two implementation approaches. Because the nature of the laser-constrained fusion reaction is micro-nuclear explosion, the research on the laser fusion reaction is closely related to the strategic safety of China. However, experimental conditions which can be realized by laser-constrained fusion are harsh, requirements on laser intensity, uniformity and target precision are high, and Zhang Jie academy originally proposes a new principle scheme of 'biconical collision DH' (DCI) laser fusion on the basis of years of research. The principle scheme can reduce the requirement on the uniformity of compressed laser and the symmetry of a fuel spherical shell target to a certain extent.
The physical essence of the double cone collisional firing scheme is to replace the bulb symmetric irradiation with cone irradiation to save driving laser energy. Because the frozen target shooting experiment of laser fusion is very complicated, in order to verify each link of the experimental process step by step, various normal-temperature targets are usually prepared for decomposition shooting experiments. For the double-cone collision experiment scheme, in the normal-temperature target shooting process, firstly, a compression experiment (unidirectional compression) of a planar target is carried out, then, a compression experiment between two surfaces is carried out, and finally, an in-cone compression and collision experiment is carried out. At present, the existing normal-temperature target type can meet the requirement of planar unidirectional compression and cone compression (adopting a gold cone+spherical shell structure), but the compression experiment between two compression surfaces is difficult to complete, and the target type preparation process is very complicated, so that the method has great significance in better researching and understanding the compression process in a bipyramid collision experiment scheme and developing the target type which can be used for carrying out biplane compression experiments. The invention provides a groove target design and a processing method thereof which can be used for carrying out biplane compression in a bipyramid collision laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment, and is hopeful to better support the normal temperature decomposition experiment for carrying out biplane compression and diagnosis in the bipyramid collision fusion experiment scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a groove target for a laser-constrained nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment and a preparation method thereof.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a trench target for a laser-confined nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment, the method comprising:
manufacturing two compression surfaces through a 3D printing process, and forming a double-sided groove structure by forming a preset included angle while leaving a gap between the two compression surfaces;
manufacturing a supporting structure of the double-sided groove structure through a 3D printing process;
forming a compression-resistant coating outside the double-sided groove structure;
providing a polymeric compression columnar shell as a compression and ablation layer structure;
and placing the polymer compression columnar shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, enabling the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell to face the gap, and respectively connecting the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell with the two compression surfaces.
Further, the two compression surfaces are manufactured through a 3D printing process, wherein the compression surfaces are formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic.
Further, the two compression surfaces are manufactured through a 3D printing process, wherein: the compression surface is a plane or a curved surface with a preset radian.
Further, the support structure of the double-sided trench structure is fabricated by a 3D printing process, wherein: the support structure includes:
the top connecting support is arranged on the top of the double-sided groove structure in a surrounding manner;
the peripheral connection support is arranged at the periphery of the double-sided groove structure;
the bottom support is positioned below the peripheral connection support, a circular through hole is formed in the bottom support, and plasma is ejected out of the through hole and is freely diffused in the compression process.
Further, a compression-resistant coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided trench structure, wherein: the compression-resistant coating is made of a metal material with an atomic number higher than 40.
Further, a compression-resistant coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided trench structure, wherein: the compression-resistant coating adopts silicon or silicon oxide.
Further, the providing a polymeric compression column shell, wherein: the polymer compression columnar shell is prepared by any one of a CVD deposition-cutting method, a microfluidic method and a thin film hot pressing method.
Further, the providing a polymeric compression column shell, wherein: the polymer compression columnar shell is of a multi-layer structure, and the material of the polymer compression columnar shell adopts any one of CH, CHCl and CD.
Further, both ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected with two compression surfaces, wherein: and adopting an adhesion method to connect the polymer compression columnar shell and the compression surface.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment, prepared by the above method for preparing a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment, the groove target comprising:
the two compression surfaces are provided with a gap and form a preset included angle, so that a double-sided groove structure is formed;
a support structure for connecting the two compression surfaces and supporting the double-sided channel structure;
the compression-resistant coating is arranged outside the double-sided groove structure;
the polymer compression columnar shell is positioned in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell is opposite to the gap, and two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected with the two compression surfaces.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
the invention prepares the groove structure and the supporting structure of the groove target based on the high-precision 3d printing process, and can prepare the groove with high precision, high flatness and high controllability; after the compression-resistant coating is deposited on the surface of the groove, in the process that the polymer compression columnar shell is ablated and compressed, the two compression surfaces of the 3d printing groove structure can have good compression supporting effect, and the physical process simulation of double-sided compression has good fit.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a trench structure of a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion ambient temperature experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a trench structure and a support structure of a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion ambient temperature experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a polymer compression cylindrical shell of a trench target for laser-confined nuclear fusion ambient temperature experiments in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a double-layer polymer compression cylindrical shell of a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an assembled trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-first compression surface, 2-second compression surface, 3-gap, 4-top connection support, 5-peripheral connection support, 6-through hole, 7-polymer compression column shell, 8-first layer compression column shell, 9-second layer compression column shell.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the groove target for the laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing two compression surfaces through a 3D printing process, leaving a gap between the two compression surfaces and forming a preset included angle to form a double-sided groove structure;
s2, manufacturing a supporting structure of the double-sided groove structure through a 3D printing process;
s3, forming a compression-resistant coating outside the double-sided groove structure;
s4, providing a polymer compression columnar shell as a compression and ablation layer structure;
and S5, placing the polymer compression columnar shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, enabling the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell to face the gap, and connecting the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell with the two compression surfaces respectively.
In some embodiments, in step S1, referring to fig. 1, the groove refers to a compression limiting structure formed by a certain opening angle between the first compression surface 1 and the second compression surface 2, and a gap 3 is left between the first compression surface 1 and the second compression surface 2; the shape and the structural parameters of the groove are designed according to the use requirement, namely, the compressed groove is formed by adopting two compression surfaces with included angles and minimum distance designed according to the requirement, specifically, the included angles are designed according to the included angles formed by compressed laser, and the minimum distance is determined according to the physical simulation result of compressed plasma injection; the compression surface is made of a material which can achieve higher 3d printing precision and has better mechanical supporting effect, preferably, the compression surface is formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic, and in other embodiments, other kinds of materials can be used for forming the compression surface. According to the actual requirement of the laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment, the compression surface is a plane or a curved surface with a preset radian.
In some embodiments, in step S2, the support frame body is processed using various high precision 3D printing processes; referring to fig. 2, the support structure comprises a top connection support 4, a peripheral connection support 5 and a bottom support, wherein: the top connecting support 4 is arranged on the top of the double-sided groove structure in a surrounding manner, so that the structure formed by 3D printing is prevented from being deformed, and the limiting effect can be achieved when the semi-columnar polymer compression columnar shell is assembled in the later period; the peripheral connection support 5 is arranged at the periphery of the double-sided groove structure, the peripheral connection support 5 adopts a four-sided pillar structure, a diagnosis observation light path is reserved, and diagnosis observation is conveniently carried out on physical phenomena such as plasma injection and the like generated in the compression process from various angles; the bottom support is located the below of peripheral connection support 5, sets up circular through-hole 6 on the bottom support, and the plasma sprays the back and can freely spread in the compression in-process of being convenient for, can not shelter from in the bottom.
In some embodiments, in step S3, the compression-resistant coating may be formed using a material deposition process, and the compression-resistant coating is made of a metal material having an atomic number higher than 40, such as gold, tantalum, or the like.
In other embodiments, the compression-resistant coating may also employ a silicon or silicon oxide layer, or other materials.
The schematic structure of the polymer compression columnar shell 7 is shown in fig. 3, and in step S4, the polymer compression columnar shell 7 is prepared by a CVD deposition-cutting method (i.e., a thin film deposition-laser cutting-peeling method) on a cylindrical mold, or by a microfluidic method or a thin film hot pressing method. The radius of curvature, length and thickness of the polymer compressed cylindrical shell 7 are designed according to the intensity of the compressed laser, the laser opening angle and the synchronous condition, for example, the thickness of the cylindrical shell is 50 microns, the inner radius of curvature is 500 microns, the outer radius of curvature is 550 microns, and the processing opening angle of the cylindrical shell is 100 degrees. The material of the polymer compression columnar shell 7 is selected according to the requirements of laser compression and ablation experiments, preferably, any one of CH, CHCl and CD is adopted, and of course, other kinds of polymer materials can be adopted according to the physical requirements and the process conditions, so long as the same functions can be realized.
In other embodiments, the polymeric compression column shell 7 is a multi-layer structure, such as may be a bilayer structure of CH and CHCl or CD. As shown in fig. 4, the polymer compression column shell 7 is composed of two layers of column shells of different materials, the first layer of compression column shell 8 has a thickness of 50 micrometers, an inner radius of curvature of 500 micrometers, an outer radius of curvature of 550 micrometers, and a column shell working opening angle of 100 degrees. The second-layer laminated columnar case 9 covers the case surface of the first-layer laminated columnar case 8, and has a thickness of 30 μm.
In some embodiments, in step S5, as shown in fig. 5, the polymer compression columnar shell and the compression surface are connected by an adhesion method, for example, the polymer compression columnar shell and the double compression surface are micro-assembled by using ultraviolet curing glue, AB glue or other glue, and the assembled groove target has a structure as shown in fig. 6, in which an arrow represents a diagnosis observation optical path. The assembled groove target can be adhered to a glass target rod according to the requirement to perform a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the groove structure and the supporting structure of the groove target are prepared based on the high-precision 3d printing process, so that the groove with high precision, high flatness and high controllability can be prepared; after the compression-resistant coating is deposited on the surface of the groove, in the process that the polymer compression columnar shell is ablated and compressed, the two compression surfaces of the 3d printing groove structure can have good compression supporting effect, and the physical process simulation of double-sided compression has good fit.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment, which is prepared by the method for preparing a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment described above, and with continued reference to fig. 6, the groove target includes two compression surfaces, a support structure, a compression-resistant coating, and a polymer compression columnar shell, wherein: the two compression surfaces are a first compression surface 1 and a second compression surface 2 respectively, a gap 3 is reserved between the two compression surfaces, a preset included angle is formed, and a double-sided groove structure is formed; the supporting structure is used for connecting the two compression surfaces and supporting the double-sided groove structure; the compression-resistant coating is arranged outside the double-sided groove structure; the polymer compression columnar shell 7 is positioned in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell is opposite to the gap 3, and two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell 7 are respectively connected with two compression surfaces.
According to the groove target for the laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment and the preparation method thereof, which are disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the groove target preparation required by the laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment is carried out based on a high-precision 3D printing process, so that the process difficulty of preparing the groove target with high precision is solved, the angle and the distance between compressed grooves can be controlled with high precision, and meanwhile, the groove target has the advantages of simple operation flow, lower cost and batch processing of groove supports.
The technical scheme of the application is further described in more specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a groove target adopting a CH polymer columnar shell as a compression layer and a preparation method thereof, wherein a groove target compression plane is prepared by adopting photosensitive resin 3d printing equipment, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, printing a double plane of a groove target and a supporting structure thereof by adopting ultraviolet light high-precision 3d printing equipment: the printing material is photosensitive resin, the included angle between the two planes of the groove target is 100 degrees, the length of the groove is 1.4 mm, the minimum distance between the grooves is 100 micrometers, the diameter of a circular through hole at the bottom of the groove is 1.4 mm, and the distance from the bottom of the groove to the circular through hole is 1.0 mm.
Preparing a CH polymer columnar shell by adopting a method of depositing, laser cutting and stripping on the surface of a mould: a50 μm thick film of CH polymer, such as Parylene-n, is deposited on a quartz glass or borosilicate glass cylinder having an outer diameter of 500 μm. After the deposition, the surface of the glass cylinder on which the CH film is deposited is cut by an ultraviolet laser cutting device, wherein the cutting path is rectangular, 700 micrometers is cut along the length direction of the glass cylinder, and 727.7 micrometers is cut along the other direction. After cutting, stripping is carried out to form independent CH polymer columnar shells.
Step three, preparing a compression-resistant coating on the double-plane surface of the groove target: sputtering 20 nm thick chromium and 200 nm thick gold on the high-precision 3d printing groove biplane and the bracket by a magnetron sputtering process, and depositing a 5 micron thick gold layer on the chromium gold surface by an electroplating process.
Fourth, groove target integral assembly: dispensing is firstly carried out at a proper position of a double plane of a groove target, the size of a glue spot is controlled within 50 microns, then a polymer columnar shell is transferred to the double plane by adopting an adsorption tool, the position is adjusted to carry out assembly alignment, and finally, ultraviolet irradiation is carried out for curing.
And fifthly, adhering the assembled groove target to a glass target rod through ultraviolet curing glue according to the requirement, wherein the length of the glass target rod is 4cm, and the diameter of the glass target rod is 3mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a groove target for a laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a groove target adopting a CH/CHCl double-layer polymer columnar shell as a compression layer and a preparation method thereof, wherein a groove target compression plane is prepared by adopting metal 3d printing equipment, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, printing double planes of a groove target and a supporting structure thereof by adopting high-precision metal 3d printing equipment: the printed metal material is copper, the included angle between the two planes of the groove target is 100 degrees, the length of the groove is 1.5 mm, the minimum distance between the grooves is 150 micrometers, the diameter of a circular through hole at the bottom of the groove is 1.5 mm, and the distance from the bottom of the groove to the circular through hole is 1.2 mm.
Preparing a CH/CHCl polymer columnar shell by adopting a method of depositing, laser cutting and stripping on the surface of a mould: depositing a 50 micron thick CH polymer film, such as Parylene-n, on a quartz glass or borosilicate glass cylinder; a30 μm thick film of CHCl polymer, such as Parylene-c, is deposited. The outer diameter of the glass cylinder was 500 microns. After the deposition, the surface of the glass cylinder on which the CH/CHCl film is deposited is cut by an ultraviolet laser cutting device, wherein the cutting path is rectangular, 750 micrometers is cut along the length direction of the glass cylinder, and 779.7 micrometers is cut along the other direction. After cutting, stripping is performed to form independent CH/CHCl polymer columnar shells.
Step three, preparing a compression-resistant coating on the double-plane surface of the groove target: sputtering gold with the thickness of 200 nanometers on the biplane of the high-precision 3d printing groove and the bracket through a magnetron sputtering process, and depositing a gold layer with the thickness of 5 micrometers on the gold surface through an electroplating process.
Fourth, groove target integral assembly: dispensing is firstly carried out at a proper position of a double plane of a groove target, the size of a glue spot is controlled within 50 microns, then a polymer columnar shell is transferred to the double plane by adopting an adsorption tool, the position is adjusted to carry out assembly alignment, and finally, ultraviolet irradiation is carried out for curing.
And fifthly, adhering the assembled groove target to a glass target rod through AB glue according to the requirement, wherein the length of the glass target rod is 3cm, and the diameter of the glass target rod is 3mm.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The above-described preferred features may be used in any combination without collision.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the groove target for the laser confinement nuclear fusion normal-temperature experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
manufacturing two compression surfaces through a 3D printing process, and forming a double-sided groove structure by forming a preset included angle while leaving a gap between the two compression surfaces;
manufacturing a supporting structure of the double-sided groove structure through a 3D printing process;
forming a compression-resistant coating outside the double-sided groove structure;
providing a polymeric compression columnar shell as a compression and ablation layer structure;
and placing the polymer compression columnar shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, enabling the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell to face the gap, and respectively connecting the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell with the two compression surfaces.
2. The method for preparing a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments according to claim 1, wherein the two compression surfaces are manufactured through a 3D printing process, wherein the compression surfaces are formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic.
3. The method for preparing a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiment according to claim 1, wherein the two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein: the compression surface is a plane or a curved surface with a preset radian.
4. The method for preparing a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion normal temperature experiments according to claim 1, wherein the supporting structure of the double-sided trench structure is manufactured through a 3D printing process, wherein: the support structure includes:
the top connecting support is arranged on the top of the double-sided groove structure in a surrounding manner;
the peripheral connection support is arranged at the periphery of the double-sided groove structure;
the bottom support is positioned below the peripheral connection support, a circular through hole is formed in the bottom support, and plasma is ejected out of the through hole and is freely diffused in the compression process.
5. The method of preparing a trench target for laser-confined fusion normal temperature experiments according to claim 1, wherein a compression-resistant coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided trench structure, wherein: the compression-resistant coating is made of a metal material with an atomic number higher than 40.
6. The method of preparing a trench target for laser-confined fusion normal temperature experiments according to claim 1, wherein a compression-resistant coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided trench structure, wherein: the compression-resistant coating adopts silicon or silicon oxide.
7. The method of preparing a trench target for laser-confined nuclear fusion normal temperature experiments of claim 1, wherein the providing a polymer compressed cylindrical shell, wherein: the polymer compression columnar shell is prepared by any one of a CVD deposition-cutting method, a microfluidic method and a thin film hot pressing method.
8. The method of preparing a trench target for laser-confined nuclear fusion normal temperature experiments of claim 1, wherein the providing a polymer compressed cylindrical shell, wherein: the polymer compression columnar shell is of a multi-layer structure, and the material of the polymer compression columnar shell adopts any one of CH, CHCl and CD.
9. The method for preparing a trench target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected with two compression surfaces, wherein: and adopting an adhesion method to connect the polymer compression columnar shell and the compression surface.
10. A trench target for a laser-confined fusion room temperature experiment, prepared by the method for preparing a trench target for a laser-confined fusion room temperature experiment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising:
the two compression surfaces are provided with a gap and form a preset included angle, so that a double-sided groove structure is formed;
a support structure for connecting the two compression surfaces and supporting the double-sided channel structure;
the compression-resistant coating is arranged outside the double-sided groove structure;
the polymer compression columnar shell is positioned in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell is opposite to the gap, and two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected with the two compression surfaces.
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