CN116011309A - Nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of heavy oil reservoir - Google Patents
Nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of heavy oil reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of a heavy oil reservoir. Comprising the following steps: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir; carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, establishing a geological model, extracting the geological model and establishing a numerical simulation model; and extracting various geologic models from the established geologic models to perform numerical simulation, constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library through the numerical simulation, and establishing a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model. The method aims at evaluating the potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged and disbursed for multiple times, and simultaneously considers geological parameters, working system and development index parameters, so that the potential evaluation result has higher accuracy and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of a heavy oil reservoir.
Background
Steam stimulation is an important means of heavy oil reservoir development, however, the production of steam stimulation is low, typically below 20%. The nitrogen foam profile control is an effective means for increasing yield after the thickened oil is subjected to thermal recovery for a plurality of times of huff and puff, and the evaluation of process potential is very important.
At present, most of thickened oil fields in China enter the later stage of multi-round steam huff and puff development, the natural energy failure of an oil layer is obvious, the periodic oil production is reduced, the water content is increased, the oil-gas ratio is reduced, and the exploitation benefit is poor. The heterogeneity of the oil reservoir is further aggravated, the reserve is not used uniformly, the interlayer interference is obvious, and the phenomena of vapor overburden and vapor channeling occur. However, the steam throughput is less productive and there is still a material basis for further enhanced recovery.
By implementing the nitrogen foam profile control process technology, the suction profile can be effectively regulated and controlled, the heat loss of a shaft can be reduced, the steam wave and volume and the oil washing effect can be enlarged, the steam utilization rate can be improved, the oil reservoir heterogeneity can be improved, the exploitation effect can be further improved, and the crude oil recovery ratio can be improved.
The former research is mainly aimed at the oil displacement mechanism of the heavy oil reservoir nitrogen foam adjustment and displacement development technology and the nitrogen foam profile control technology, and the potential evaluation research of nitrogen foam after multiple rounds of huff and puff is still blank. The nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after the multi-pass throughput is constructed, the yield increase potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process after the multi-pass throughput can be rapidly and accurately predicted, and theoretical support is provided for further improving the development effect after the multi-pass throughput of the heavy oil reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method for heavy oil reservoirs after multi-pass huff and puff aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The method can provide effective guidance for evaluating the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged and disbursed for multiple times.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of a heavy oil reservoir comprises the following steps: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir; carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, establishing a geological model, extracting the geological model and establishing a numerical simulation model; the method is characterized in that in the established geologic model, a plurality of geologic models are extracted for numerical simulation, a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library is constructed through the numerical simulation, and a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model is established.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data, dynamic production data and the like of a heavy oil reservoir;
researching a structural contour map, a sand thickness distribution contour map, an effective thickness distribution contour map, a porosity distribution contour map, a permeability distribution contour map, a interlayer distribution map, original stratum pressure, temperature, pressure coefficient data, original oil/gas/water distribution, an original oil-water interface, an original oil-gas interface, a geological reserve report, fault parameters, a side/bottom water data report and the like of a target horizon of a block; the method for collecting the thermal physical property data of the oil layer and the fluid of the heavy oil reservoir comprises the following steps: lithofacies heat capacity, rock thermal conductivity, oil/gas/water thermal conductivity, top/bottom heat loss coefficient, fluid and rock assay analysis report; the dynamic production data of the heavy oil reservoir are collected, and specifically: production dynamic data of each steam injection well comprises injection quantity, steam injection pressure, steam injection dryness, steam injection speed, steam injection strength, wellhead pressure, bottom hole flow pressure, gas injection components, well soaking time and the like; production dynamic data of each production well comprises oil production, liquid production amount, water content, gas-oil ratio, produced gas component, bottom hole flow pressure, working fluid level, casing pressure, sinking degree and the like; comprehensive production dynamic data including daily output (water, gas, liquid), degree of extraction, comprehensive water content, cumulative output (water, gas, liquid) and the like.
b: carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, and extracting a geological model to establish a numerical simulation model;
establishing a fine geologic model of the oil reservoir by using a geologic modeling algorithm according to the collected geologic data of the oil reservoir; extracting the established actual fine geologic model, and calculating geologic parameters such as permeability, porosity, net-to-gross ratio average value and the like of the extracted geologic model; and (3) importing the extracted oil reservoir fine geological model, the oil reservoir and the fluid thermophysical property data into an oil reservoir numerical simulator for simulation, and calculating the production dynamics of the oil reservoir.
c: comparing the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control and the profile control measure model which is not developed;
(1) Designing reasonable single-well steam throughput working system combination schemes such as injection speed, injection temperature, injection dryness, well-soaking time, production speed and the like, and carrying out numerical simulation;
(2) Developing a nitrogen foam profile control process under different throughput periods, and reproducing 10 periods after developing the nitrogen foam profile control process measures;
(3) Reading development indexes such as water content, daily oil level, extraction degree and the like under the huff and puff cycle;
(4) Establishing a single-well steam throughput numerical simulation model without developing a nitrogen foam profile control process, wherein the working system is the same as that of a model developing process measures, and the same throughput period is produced;
(5) And reading the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model and the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model, and calculating the difference between the accumulated oil yield and the accumulated oil yield to obtain the measure oil increase.
d: constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library;
randomly extracting a plurality of geologic models required by a single sample constructed by the geologic models from the constructed actual geologic models, and calculating geologic parameters corresponding to the geologic models; different geological models are led into an oil reservoir numerical simulator, a single-well steam throughput model is established, and different steam throughput working system combination schemes are generated randomly; developing nitrogen foam profile control technological measures under different throughput periods, recording the water content, the daily oil level and the extraction degree development indexes under the throughput periods, performing steam throughput simulation for 10 periods after developing the technological measures, and recording the final oil yield; comparing the difference value of the accumulated oil production of the two to obtain a measure oil increase; the above process is repeated for a plurality of times to construct a large number of nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation samples.
e: and constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm so as to realize rapid prediction of measure potential.
And constructing a nitrogen foam profile control prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm, wherein input variables are geological parameters calculated in a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library constructed in the step d, a randomly generated steam throughput working system and development indexes in different development periods. The result of the influence is the calculated measure oil increase. And taking 75% of samples in the sample library as a training set and 25% of samples as a prediction set to complete the construction of the potential evaluation prediction model. After the model is constructed, different geological parameters, working systems and development indexes are input, so that the oil increase amount of the nitrogen foam profile control process measures can be accurately predicted, and the quick prediction of the measure potential is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, capacity parameters of different steam throughput working system combinations can be rapidly and accurately calculated through capacity numerical simulation and statistical analysis methods; comparing the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control model with that of the nitrogen foam profile control model which is not developed, and evaluating the potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process measure; and a potential prediction model is constructed by using a machine learning algorithm to rapidly and accurately predict the profile control process effect of the nitrogen foam. The method aims at evaluating the potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged and disbursed for multiple times, and simultaneously considers geological parameters, working system and development index parameters, so that the potential evaluation result has higher accuracy and practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the profile control potential of nitrogen foam after a heavy oil reservoir is hugged in multiple times in an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of accumulated oil production when a nitrogen foam profile control measure is performed and a profile control measure is performed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a 45 ° intersection of training sets in a potential predictive model in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of 45 ° intersections of test sets in a potential predictive model in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after oil reservoir multi-pass huff and puff, and the specific flow is shown in a figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
a: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir;
b: carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, and extracting a geological model to establish a numerical simulation model;
c: comparing the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control and the profile control measure model which is not developed;
d: constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library;
e: and constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm so as to realize rapid prediction of measure potential.
The invention is illustrated below in one specific example:
the first step: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data (as shown in table 1) and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir;
TABLE 1 reservoir and fluid thermophysical data for heavy oil reservoirs
| Attributes of | Parameter value |
| Crude oil viscosity (30 ℃ C.)/(mPa.s) | 48900 |
| Formation temperature/°c | 28 |
| Horizontal wellbore section length/m | 200 |
| Rock compression factor/(1/KP) | 0.0000615 |
| Rock volumetric heat capacity/(J/m 3/. Degree.C) | 210000 |
| The heat capacity of the cap layer volume/(J/m 3/. Degree.C) | 120000 |
| Interlayer volumetric heat capacity/(J/m 3)/℃) | 120000 |
And a second step of: carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, and extracting a geological model to establish a numerical simulation model;
according to the collected oil deposit geological data, establishing a fine geological model of the oil deposit by using a geological modeling algorithm in Petrel software; the actual fine geologic model which is already established is extracted in Petrel software, and the top depth, the porosity, the net-to-gross ratio, the permeability average value, the permeability variation coefficient and the permeability very poor geologic parameters of the geologic model after the extraction are calculated (as shown in table 2).
The calculation formula of the permeability variation coefficient is as follows:
wherein: v k Is the reservoir permeability coefficient of variation;
an average permeability for the j-th layer; />
Is the average permeability of the reservoir.
The formula for calculating the permeability range is as follows:
wherein: alpha k Is extremely poor in reservoir permeability; k (k) max Is the reservoir maximum permeability; k (k) min Is the minimum permeability of the reservoir.
TABLE 2 calculation results of geologic parameters of extracted geologic model
| Geological parameters | Calculation result |
| Top depth average value | 529.1924083 |
| Average value of porosity | 0.334817578 |
| Average value of net wool ratio | 0.67606435 |
| Average permeability | 5872.06798 |
| Coefficient of variation of permeability | 0.16283484 |
| Extremely poor permeability | 40.20930437 |
And a third step of: comparing the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control and the profile control measure model which is not developed;
setting injection dryness: 0.92, injection temperature: 287 ℃ and braising time: 2d, injection speed: 154m 3 D, production speed: performing numerical simulation research at 32 t/d; developing a nitrogen foam profile control process under a certain throughput period, and reproducing 10 periods after developing the nitrogen foam profile control process measures; development indexes such as water content, daily oil level, and extraction degree under the throughput round are read (see table 3).
TABLE 3 development index under this round
| Water content during the measure | Average daily oil level at the time of measure | Degree of extraction at the time of measure |
| 0.85 | 6.16 | 5.99067 |
Establishing a single-well steam throughput numerical simulation model without developing a nitrogen foam profile control process, wherein the working system is the same as that of a model developing process measures, and the same throughput period is produced; and reading the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model and the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model, and calculating the difference between the accumulated oil yield and the accumulated oil yield to obtain the measure oil increase (as shown in figure 2).
Fourth step: constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library;
randomly extracting a plurality of geologic models required by a single sample constructed by the geologic models from the constructed actual geologic models, and calculating geologic parameters corresponding to the geologic models; different geological models are imported into an oil reservoir numerical simulator, a single-well steam throughput model is established, and different steam throughput working system combination schemes are randomly generated (as shown in table 4); developing nitrogen foam profile control technological measures under different throughput periods, recording the water content, the daily oil level and the extraction degree development indexes under the throughput periods, performing steam throughput simulation for 10 periods after developing the technological measures, and recording the final oil yield; comparing the difference value of the accumulated oil production of the two to obtain a measure oil increase; the above process is repeated for a plurality of times to construct a large number of nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation samples.
TABLE 4 sample library geologic parameters, working System and development index Change Range
| Parameter name | Maximum value | Minimum value | Parameter name | Maximum value | Minimum value |
| Top depth average | 562.81 | 519.91 | Dryness of injection | 1 | 0 |
| Average value of porosity | 0.34 | 0.32 | Injection temperature | 350 | 270 |
| Mean value of net-wool ratio | 0.8 | 0.66 | Time to kill the well | 2 | 7 |
| Average value of permeability | 6747.66 | 4217.06 | Injection speed | 100 | 200 |
| Coefficient of variation | 0.36 | 0.12 | Production speed | 25 | 40 |
| Permeability level difference | 40.84 | 27.96 | Throughput round | 23 | 13 |
| Water content | 0.91 | 0.60 | Level of sun oil | 3.49 | 18.83 |
| Degree of extraction | 7.58 | 2.38 |
Fifth step: and constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm so as to realize rapid prediction of measure potential.
And constructing a nitrogen foam profile control prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm, wherein input variables are geological parameters calculated in a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library constructed in the step d, a randomly generated steam throughput working system and development indexes in different development periods. The result of the influence is the calculated measure oil increase. And taking 75% of samples in the sample library as a training set (shown in figure 3) and 25% of samples as a prediction set (shown in figure 4) to complete the construction of the potential evaluation prediction model. After the model is constructed, different geological parameters, working systems and development indexes are input, so that the oil increase amount of the nitrogen foam profile control process measures can be accurately predicted, and the quick prediction of the measure potential is realized. The accuracy of the model was verified with five well actual parameters of the mine (as in table 5).
TABLE 5 results of verification of the measure potential prediction model
As can be seen from Table 5, the prediction result error of the nitrogen foam profile control potential of the heavy oil reservoir constructed by using the XGBoost algorithm after a plurality of times of huffing and pulling is smaller, and the maximum relative error is smaller than 5%, so that the method has the characteristics of high efficiency and accuracy, and can be used for the preliminary evaluation of the on-site actual nitrogen foam profile control.
According to the embodiment of the invention, through collecting geological data, production dynamic data and oil layer and fluid thermophysical data of the heavy oil reservoir, the reservoir heterogeneity after the heavy oil is hugged and disbursed for multiple rounds is considered to develop the fine reservoir numerical simulation research, and the model can accurately reflect the reservoir heterogeneity after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged and disbursed for multiple rounds and has good accuracy. The accumulated oil production before and after the nitrogen foam profile control process measures are compared and developed, and the measure oil increase is calculated and used for evaluating the nitrogen foam profile control process potential after the nitrogen foam profile control process is carried out for a plurality of times.
In the embodiment of the invention, based on the established actual geologic model, a large number of geologic models are randomly extracted and imported into a numerical simulator to generate a numerical simulation model; a large number of steam throughput working system combinations are randomly generated, nitrogen foam profile control technology is adopted under different development indexes, and accumulated oil production before and after measures is compared. Different geological parameters, working systems and development indexes are used as input variables, and an XGBoost algorithm is adopted to construct a potential prediction model, so that the potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process after multiple rounds of throughput is rapidly predicted.
At present, the design method is implemented and applied on site in a target oil reservoir, and the measure potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process can be rapidly predicted by inputting actual geological parameters, working system and development index parameters. The maximum relative error is less than 5% compared to the actual result. The method provided by the invention can be used for rapidly predicting the measure potential of the nitrogen foam profile control process after the multi-pass throughput, and providing technical thought and theoretical guidance for improving the development effect of the actual heavy oil reservoir after the multi-pass throughput.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation method after multi-pass huff and puff of a heavy oil reservoir comprises the following steps: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir; carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, establishing a geological model, extracting the geological model and establishing a numerical simulation model; the method is characterized in that in the established geologic model, a plurality of geologic models are extracted for numerical simulation, a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library is constructed through the numerical simulation, and a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model is established.
2. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged in multiple times according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
a: collecting geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of a heavy oil reservoir;
b: carrying out actual reservoir geological modeling, and extracting a geological model to establish a numerical simulation model;
c: comparing the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control and the profile control measure model which is not developed;
d: constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library;
e: and constructing a nitrogen foam profile control potential prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm so as to realize rapid prediction of measure potential.
3. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of nitrogen foam after multiple huffs of a heavy oil reservoir according to claim 2, wherein the collecting of geological data, oil layer and fluid thermophysical data and dynamic production data of the heavy oil reservoir in the step a comprises the following steps:
collecting geological data of a heavy oil reservoir, wherein the geological data comprise the following concrete steps: researching a structural contour map, a sand thickness distribution contour map, an effective thickness distribution contour map, a porosity distribution contour map, a permeability distribution contour map, a interlayer distribution map, original stratum pressure, temperature, pressure coefficient data, original oil/gas/water distribution, an original oil-water interface, an original oil-gas interface, a geological reserve report, fault parameters, a side/bottom water data report and the like of a target horizon of a block;
the method for collecting the thermal physical property data of the oil layer and the fluid of the heavy oil reservoir comprises the following steps: lithofacies heat capacity, rock thermal conductivity, oil/gas/water thermal conductivity, top/bottom heat loss coefficient, fluid and rock assay analysis report;
the dynamic production data of the heavy oil reservoir are collected, and specifically: production dynamic data of each steam injection well comprises injection quantity, steam injection pressure, steam injection dryness, steam injection speed, steam injection strength, wellhead pressure, bottom hole flow pressure, gas injection components, well soaking time and the like; production dynamic data of each production well comprises oil production, liquid production amount, water content, gas-oil ratio, produced gas component, bottom hole flow pressure, working fluid level, casing pressure, sinking degree and the like; comprehensive production dynamic data including daily output (water, gas, liquid), degree of extraction, comprehensive water content, cumulative output (water, gas, liquid) and the like.
4. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of nitrogen foam after multiple huffs of a heavy oil reservoir according to claim 2, wherein in the step b, actual reservoir geologic modeling is performed, and a numerical simulation model is built by extracting the geologic model, comprising the following steps:
establishing a fine geologic model of the oil reservoir by using a geologic modeling algorithm according to the collected geologic data of the oil reservoir;
extracting the established actual fine geologic model, and calculating geologic parameters such as permeability, porosity, net-to-gross ratio average value and the like of the extracted geologic model;
and (3) importing the extracted oil reservoir fine geological model, the oil reservoir and the fluid thermophysical property data into an oil reservoir numerical simulator for simulation, and calculating the production dynamics of the oil reservoir.
5. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of nitrogen foam after multiple huffs of a heavy oil reservoir according to claim 2, wherein in step c, accumulated oil yield of a nitrogen foam profile control model and a profile control measure model which is not developed are compared, and the method comprises the following steps:
c1: designing reasonable single-well steam throughput working system combination schemes such as injection speed, injection temperature, injection dryness, well-soaking time, production speed and the like, and carrying out numerical simulation;
c2: developing a nitrogen foam profile control process under different throughput periods, and reproducing 10 periods after developing the nitrogen foam profile control process measures;
c3: reading development indexes such as water content, daily oil level, extraction degree and the like under the huff and puff cycle;
c4: establishing a single-well steam throughput numerical simulation model without developing a nitrogen foam profile control process, wherein the working system is the same as that of a model developing process measures, and the same throughput period is produced;
c5: and reading the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model and the accumulated oil yield of the nitrogen foam profile control measure model, and calculating the difference between the accumulated oil yield and the accumulated oil yield to obtain the measure oil increase.
6. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam after the heavy oil reservoir is hugged in a plurality of times according to claim 2, wherein the step d is used for constructing a sample library for evaluating the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam, and the method comprises the following steps:
randomly extracting a plurality of geologic models required by a single sample constructed by the geologic models from the constructed actual geologic models, and calculating geologic parameters corresponding to the geologic models; different geological models are led into an oil reservoir numerical simulator, a single-well steam throughput model is established, and different steam throughput working system combination schemes are generated randomly; developing nitrogen foam profile control technological measures under different throughput periods, recording the water content, the daily oil level and the extraction degree development indexes under the throughput periods, performing steam throughput simulation for 10 periods after developing the technological measures, and recording the final oil yield; comparing the difference value of the accumulated oil production of the two to obtain a measure oil increase; the above process is repeated for a plurality of times to construct a large number of nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation samples.
7. The method for evaluating the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam after the multi-pass throughput of the heavy oil reservoir according to claim 2, wherein in the step e, a prediction model of the profile control potential of the nitrogen foam is constructed by using an XGBoost algorithm so as to realize rapid prediction of the measure potential, and the method comprises the following steps: and constructing a nitrogen foam profile control prediction model by using an XGBoost algorithm, wherein the input variables are geological parameters calculated in a nitrogen foam profile control potential evaluation sample library constructed in the step d, a randomly generated steam throughput working system and development indexes in different development periods, the influence result is calculated measure oil increase amount, 75% of samples in the sample library are taken as training sets, 25% of samples are taken as prediction sets, the construction of the potential evaluation prediction model is completed, and after the model construction is completed, the oil increase amount of nitrogen foam profile control technological measures can be accurately predicted by inputting different geological parameters, working systems and development indexes, so that the quick prediction of measure potential is realized.
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