CN116008503A - Method and device for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rock - Google Patents
Method and device for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rock Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004079 vitrinite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method and a device for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks. The method comprises the following steps: sampling and analyzing the hydrocarbon source rock in the target area, determining the type of the hydrocarbon source rock, and determining the hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax and the hydrocarbon source rock vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the hydrocarbon source rock sample; establishing a fitting relation between Ro and Tmax aiming at the same type of hydrocarbon source rock; establishing a Ro and Tmax fitting relation graph of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in a target area; and obtaining a Ro value according to Tmax data of the source rock according to the fitting relation plate, and judging the maturity of the source rock. The invention fully utilizes the systematic measurement of Tmax and Ro parameters of different types of source rocks, establishes the fitting relation between Tmax and Ro of different types of source rocks in different thermal evolution stages, determines a fitting relation chart, and can accurately evaluate the maturity value of the source rocks in a region by utilizing Tmax data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method and a device for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks.
Background
With the depth of oil and gas exploration, it is generally found whether a region has oil and gas exploration value, and is often closely related to whether the region has a mature source rock range. Mature source stoves have three important effects on oil and gas exploration: (1) Whether a region has large-scale oil and gas exploration investment value has close relation with the area of a mature hydrocarbon source rock range in the region. If a region has a large area of mature source stoves, the exploration value of the region will tend to be greatly improved; if a region has a mature source rock that is smaller or does not have a mature source rock, the exploration value of that region will become insignificant. (2) If a region has a mature hydrocarbon source range with a large scale, whether different construction positions in the region mainly produce crude oil or natural gas depends on the relative maturity of the mature hydrocarbon source range at different construction positions in the region, if the maturity of the hydrocarbon source range at the construction position is relatively large, the hydrocarbon source range mainly produces gas, and more gas reservoirs are often found in the region; if the maturity of the hydrocarbon source range is medium, the hydrocarbon source rock is mainly used for producing oil, and more oil reservoirs are often found in the area; if the maturity of the hydrocarbon source range is relatively small, the hydrocarbon source rock will be mainly used for producing heavy oil, and more heavy oil reservoirs will be found in the region. (3) In recent years, along with the development of shale oil gas in North America, accurate judgment of 'pilot' of a horizontal well in the longitudinal direction is required, so that geologists are required to be more and more accurate on maturity parameters of hydrocarbon source rocks, for example, the hydrocarbon source rocks are in a maturity zone (Ro is taken as an evaluation standard, and the maturity zone Ro is 0.7-1.3%), but the longitudinal span of the hydrocarbon source rocks can reach thousands of meters, and accurate information on 'pilot' of the horizontal well cannot be provided for geologists. Geologists often require the value of the underground oil gas instead of the interval concept, often the Ro precision needs to be accurate to +/-0.1%, and only then the underground oil gas maturity state can be accurately judged, so that a large technical support can be provided for the 'pilot hole' judgment of a horizontal well, and the method has an important role in the exploration and development of shale oil gas and compact oil gas.
How to identify whether a region has a mature source rock range often includes various methods, such as the specular reflectance Ro of the source rock and the pyrolysis parameter Tmax of the source rock, the saturated hydrocarbon parameters CPI and OEP of the source rock, and the parameters such as steroid and terpene in the saturated hydrocarbon color spectrum of the source rock.
Among the above parameters, the hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax has advantages and disadvantages relative to other parameters, and the advantages are represented by the rapid measurement speed of the parameter, because the parameter is mainly obtained by measuring by an instrument and a large amount of data is easy to obtain; however, this parameter has disadvantages, mainly in that it generally only identifies the maturity status (immature, low mature, overmature, high mature) of the source rock, which is not quantifiable in terms of the magnitude of maturity. According to Xu Huaixian and 2001, when Tmax is lower than 435 ℃, the hydrocarbon source range is considered to be in an immature state; 435 ℃ less than Tmax less than 445 ℃, is in a low-maturing state; the temperature of 445 ℃ is more than Tmax and less than 480 ℃ is in a mature state, and the temperature of 480 ℃ is more than Tmax and less than 510 ℃ is in a high mature state. And (3) respectively obtaining Tmax interval values of the type I, II and III kerogen among immature, low mature, overmature and high mature by taking the difference of the hydrocarbon source rock types into consideration by partial scholars later.
For the vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the source rock, the parameter has advantages and disadvantages, the disadvantages of the parameter are that the data are mainly obtained through manual measurement, the number of monitoring points required for identifying one sample is generally required to be more than 30, the detection speed is low, and the number of the monitoring points is also relatively large due to human influence; the parameter has the advantages that the maturity state of the hydrocarbon source rock can be accurately quantized to +/-0.1%.
Therefore, in the judging process of the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock, some parameters are high in measuring speed, but the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock cannot be represented quantitatively, so that the 'pilot' judgment of the horizontal well cannot be effectively guided; although some parameters can quantify the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock, the testing process is complex and is greatly influenced by human factors, so that the existing method cannot quantify, or has low efficiency and poor result stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining the maturity of a hydrocarbon source rock, which can rapidly provide a quantitative index value, and has good stability of results and high judging efficiency.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for determining the maturity of a source rock.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the method for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock is as follows:
a method of determining maturity of a source rock comprising the steps of:
(1) Sampling and analyzing the hydrocarbon source rock in the target area, determining the type of the hydrocarbon source rock, and determining the hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax and the hydrocarbon source rock vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the hydrocarbon source rock sample;
(2) Establishing a fitting relation between Ro and Tmax aiming at the same type of hydrocarbon source rock;
(3) According to the fitting result of the step (2), building a Ro and Tmax fitting relation graph of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in the target area;
(4) And (3) obtaining a Ro value according to the Tmax data of the source rock according to the fitting relation plate in the step (3), and judging the maturity of the source rock.
According to the method for determining the maturity of the source rock, disclosed by the invention, the system measurement of Tmax and Ro parameters of different types of source rock is fully utilized, the fitting relation between Tmax and Ro of different types of source rock in different thermal evolution stages is established, a fitting relation chart is determined, and the maturity value of the source rock in a region can be accurately evaluated by utilizing Tmax data.
The method can realize judgment based on big data, thereby reducing the influence of human factors when Ro parameter is measured and improving the stability of the method. The accurate judgment of the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock can provide technical support for shale oil gas and tight oil gas exploration.
Preferably, in step (1), the source rock is divided into type I, type II and type III according to the type of kerogen.
Preferably, in step (1), the deposition environment of the target area includes a salt water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment and a transition deposition environment, and the sampling analysis is performed for each deposition environment.
Preferably, in step (2), the fitting relation is established according to ro=an (Tmax) +b, wherein a and b are fitting parameters.
Preferably, the target region is Pu recess, and the step (3) is to determine the fit relationship plate as follows:
type i kerogen: ro= 7.1595ln (Tmax) -42.836, 415 < Tmax < 450 ℃;
type ii kerogen: ro= 8.817ln (Tmax) -52.824, 415 < Tmax < 470 ℃;
Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588，470≤Tmax＜575℃；
type iii kerogen: ro= 8.109ln (Tmax) -48.637, 415 < Tmax < 615 ℃.
The technical scheme of the device for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock is as follows:
the device for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock comprises a localization data collection module, a fitting relationship plate module and a hydrocarbon source rock maturity determining module;
the localization data collection module collects matching data of the type of a hydrocarbon source rock sample, a hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax and a hydrocarbon source rock vitrinite reflectivity Ro in a target area;
the fitting module receives the output result of the localization data collection module and establishes a fitting relation between Ro and Tmax aiming at the same type of hydrocarbon source rock;
the fitting relation graph plate module receives the output result of the fitting module and establishes Ro and Tmax fitting relation graphs of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in the target area;
and the source rock maturity determining module receives the output result of the fitting relation plate module, inputs Tmax data of the source rock, obtains a Ro value and judges the maturity of the source rock according to the Ro value.
The device for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock can solve the problem that the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock is not accurate enough by utilizing the value of the pyrolysis parameter Tmax of the hydrocarbon source rock, and establishes a semi-quantitative relationship between the pyrolysis parameter Tmax of the hydrocarbon source rock and the reflectivity Ro of the mirror body of the hydrocarbon source rock, so that the maturity value of the hydrocarbon source rock is rapidly and accurately determined.
Preferably, in the localization data collection module, the hydrocarbon source rock is divided into type i, type ii and type iii according to the type of kerogen.
Preferably, the deposition environment of the target area comprises a salt water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment and a transition deposition environment, and the hydrocarbon source rock samples involved in the localization data collection module are distributed in the salt water deposition environment, the fresh water deposition environment and the transition deposition environment.
Preferably, in the fitting module, the fitting relation is established according to ro=an (Tmax) +b, wherein a and b are fitting parameters.
Preferably, the target region is an Pu recess, and the fit relationship plate module determines the fit relationship plate as follows:
type i kerogen: ro= 7.1595ln (Tmax) -42.836, 415 < Tmax < 450 ℃;
type ii kerogen: ro= 8.817ln (Tmax) -52.824, 415 < Tmax < 470 ℃;
Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588，470≤Tmax＜575℃；
type iii kerogen: ro= 8.109ln (Tmax) -48.637, 415 < Tmax < 615 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the technical scheme of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows the fitting result of the parameters Tmax and Ro of the type I source rock in the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the fitting results of the parameters Tmax and Ro of the type II source rock in the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows the fitting results of the parameters Tmax and Ro of the III-type source rock in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In daily scientific research, there are often a lot of pyrolysis data Tmax of the source rock, but there is no corresponding specular reflectivity Ro of the source rock, and sometimes because of research needs, the magnitude of the maturity value of the source rock must be accurately described. The relation between the pyrolysis parameter Tmax of the hydrocarbon source rock and the reflectivity Ro of the hydrocarbon source rock mirror body is established mainly through different types of pyrolysis parameter Tmax values of the hydrocarbon source rock, and then the maturity value of the hydrocarbon source rock in a region is accurately evaluated.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the Bohai Bay basin in China is taken as an example for illustration, and the Pu is provided with a plurality of deposition environments, namely a salty water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment and a transition environment between the two, so that the deposition environments are various and basically cover various deposition environment types of the terrestrial basin hydrocarbon source rocks. In addition, in this region, the types of hydrocarbon source rocks are also various, and types I, II and III of kerogen are all present in large quantities. The specific implementation process flow diagram is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Acquisition of target zone hydrocarbon source rock localization data
The method comprises the steps of test analysis and judgment of the type (I, II and III) of the hydrocarbon source rock, and determination analysis of the localization parameters Tmax and Ro data of the hydrocarbon source rock.
And respectively sampling an east Pu pit salty water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment and a transition deposition environment, wherein the salty water environment is sampled 77 times, the fresh water environment is sampled 33 times, the transition environment is sampled 62 times, and Tmax, ro and kerogen types of the same hydrocarbon source rock sample are respectively measured.
(2) Acquisition of data associated with different types (I, II, III) of source rocks Tmax, ro
The method comprises the steps of obtaining the matched data of the Tmax and the Ro parameters of the type I source rock, obtaining the matched data of the Tmax and the Ro parameters of the type II source rock, and obtaining the matched data of the Tmax and the Ro parameters of the type III source rock.
According to the hydrocarbon source rock localization data in the step (1), the Tmax and Ro parameters of different types of hydrocarbon source rock samples are matched respectively, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 analysis Table of data associated with Tmax, ro for different types of (I, II, III) source rocks
(3) Establishing a matching relation of Tmax and Ro matched data of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in different thermal evolution stages
Fitting analysis of I, II and III type hydrocarbon source rock Tmax and Ro parameters is respectively established through the test analysis data of the attached table 1. The method specifically comprises the fitting relation of Tmax and Ro matched data of the I-type hydrocarbon source rock in different heat evolution stages, the fitting relation of Tmax and Ro matched data of the II-type hydrocarbon source rock in different heat evolution stages, and the fitting relation of Tmax and Ro matched data of the III-type hydrocarbon source rock in different heat evolution stages.
Specifically, fitting relation formulas of I, II and III type hydrocarbon source rock Tmax and Ro parameters are respectively established through fitting analysis of the matched data of the table 1; as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4.
Type i kerogen: ro= 7.1595ln (Tmax) -42.836 (415 < Tmax < 450 ℃ C.)
Type ii kerogen: ro= 8.817ln (Tmax) -52.824 (415 < Tmax < 470 ℃ C.)
Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588(470≤Tmax＜575℃)
Type iii kerogen: ro= 8.109ln (Tmax) -48.637 (415 < Tmax < 615 ℃)
(4) Half-quantitative fitting relation graph plate of different types of kerogen at different thermal evolution stages Tmax and Ro
According to the application range of Tmax of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks, the quantitative relation of the hydrocarbon source rocks within the temperature range of a proper interval is established, and the specific relation is shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 half-quantitative fitting relationship of Tmax to Ro for different types of kerogen at different thermal evolution stages
| Kerogen type | Tmax versus Ro fitting quantification | Tmax applicable Range (. Degree. C.) |
| Type I | Ro＝7.1595ln(Tmax)-42.836 | 415＜Tmax＜450℃ |
| Type II | Ro＝8.817ln(Tmax)-52.824 | 415＜Tmax＜470℃ |
| Type II | Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588 | 470≤Tmax＜575℃ |
| III type | Ro＝8.109ln(Tmax)-48.637 | 415＜Tmax＜615℃ |
According to the semi-quantitative fitting relation chart of the table 2, tmax data are input, so that Ro parameters are obtained, and the maturity value of the hydrocarbon source rock can be accurately judged. The mode of the embodiment can provide effective technical support for shale oil and gas exploration.
Example 2
The device for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock corresponds to the implementation process of the method of the embodiment 1, and comprises a localization data collection module, a fitting relation plate module and a maturity determining module of the hydrocarbon source rock, wherein the localization data collection module, the fitting relation plate module and the maturity determining module correspond to the corresponding steps of the method of the embodiment 1 respectively, the modules are utilized to form a functional module framework, ro values are obtained according to Tmax data of the hydrocarbon source rock, and then the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock is determined.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining maturity of a source rock comprising the steps of:
(1) Sampling and analyzing the hydrocarbon source rock in the target area, determining the type of the hydrocarbon source rock, and determining the hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax and the hydrocarbon source rock vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the hydrocarbon source rock sample;
(2) Establishing a fitting relation between Ro and Tmax aiming at the same type of hydrocarbon source rock;
(3) According to the fitting result of the step (2), building a Ro and Tmax fitting relation graph of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in the target area;
(4) And (3) obtaining a Ro value according to the Tmax data of the source rock according to the fitting relation plate in the step (3), and judging the maturity of the source rock.
2. The method of determining the maturity of a source rock according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the source rock is classified into type i, type ii and type iii according to the type of kerogen.
3. The method of determining the maturity of a source rock of claim 2, wherein in step (1) the deposition environment of the target zone comprises a salt water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment and a transition deposition environment, said sampling analysis being performed for each deposition environment.
4. The method of determining the maturity of a source rock according to claim 1, wherein in step (2) said fitting relationship is established at Ro = aln (Tmax) +b, where a, b are fitting parameters.
5. The method for determining the maturity of a source rock according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the target area is taste pit, and step (3) determines a fit relationship plate as follows:
type i kerogen: ro= 7.1595ln (Tmax) -42.836, 415 < Tmax < 450 ℃;
type ii kerogen: ro= 8.817ln (Tmax) -52.824, 415 < Tmax < 470 ℃;
Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588，470≤Tmax＜575℃；
type iii kerogen: ro= 8.109ln (Tmax) -48.637, 415 < Tmax < 615 ℃.
6. The device for determining the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock is characterized by comprising a localization data collection module, a fitting relation plate module and a hydrocarbon source rock maturity determining module;
the localization data collection module collects matching data of the type of a hydrocarbon source rock sample, a hydrocarbon source rock pyrolysis parameter Tmax and a hydrocarbon source rock vitrinite reflectivity Ro in a target area;
the fitting module receives the output result of the localization data collection module and establishes a fitting relation between Ro and Tmax aiming at the same type of hydrocarbon source rock;
the fitting relation graph plate module receives the output result of the fitting module and establishes Ro and Tmax fitting relation graphs of different types of hydrocarbon source rocks in the target area;
and the source rock maturity determining module receives the output result of the fitting relation plate module, inputs Tmax data of the source rock, obtains a Ro value and judges the maturity of the source rock according to the Ro value.
7. The apparatus for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rock as defined in claim 6, wherein said localization data collection module classifies hydrocarbon source rock into type i, type ii and type iii based on kerogen type.
8. The apparatus for determining the maturity of a source rock of claim 7, wherein the deposition environment of the target zone comprises a salt water deposition environment, a fresh water deposition environment, and a transition deposition environment, and wherein said source rock samples involved in said geochemical data collection module are distributed in the salt water deposition environment, the fresh water deposition environment, and the transition deposition environment.
9. The apparatus for determining hydrocarbon source rock maturity of claim 6, wherein said fitting module establishes said fitting relationship at Ro = aln (Tmax) +b, where a, b are fitting parameters.
10. The apparatus for determining maturity of hydrocarbon source rock according to any one of claims 6-9, wherein the target zone is a taste pit, and the fit relationship plate module determines the fit relationship plate as follows:
type i kerogen: ro= 7.1595ln (Tmax) -42.836, 415 < Tmax < 450 ℃;
type ii kerogen: ro= 8.817ln (Tmax) -52.824, 415 < Tmax < 470 ℃;
Ro＝1.8483ln(Tmax)-9.588，470≤Tmax＜575℃；
type iii kerogen: ro= 8.109ln (Tmax) -48.637, 415 < Tmax < 615 ℃.
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| CN116773771A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-09-19 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Shale oil evaluation key parameter calculation standard determination method and device and electronic equipment |
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| CN116773771A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-09-19 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Shale oil evaluation key parameter calculation standard determination method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116773771B (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2024-02-02 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Shale oil evaluation parameter calculation standard determination method and device and electronic equipment |
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