CN116005321A

CN116005321A - Preparation method of dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric

Info

Publication number: CN116005321A
Application number: CN202211740442.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张乐功; 杨霞; 王存方; 丁忠兴; 赵传标; 周美玲
Original assignee: Shandong Yueshen New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Yueshen New Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-31
Filing date: 2022-12-31
Publication date: 2023-04-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a preparation method of a dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric, which comprises the steps of initial arrangement, warp penetration, warping, opening, weft insertion, beating-up and repeated opening-weft insertion-beating-up to a target length of the fabric. The carbon fiber prepared by adopting the dry spinning process is used as a raw material, has compact fiber structure, good physical and mechanical properties and high overall quality, and is beneficial to the smooth implementation of the whole weaving process; the structure design of the twill angle interlocking woven fabric is flexible, the upper process is simple, warp yarns not only improve the warp mechanical property in the plane direction, but also penetrate through layers in the thickness direction, thereby being beneficial to improving the interlayer performance of the fabric, realizing multi-layer integral weaving of various structures and meeting the use requirement of high-thickness integration.

Description

Preparation method of dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric

Technical Field

The utility model relates to application of carbon fibers, in particular to a preparation method of a dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric.

Background

The three-dimensional woven preform has good interlaminar mechanical properties, structural stability and designability. The multi-layer integral weaving can be realized, the use requirement of high and thick integration is met, and the multi-layer integral weaving can be applied to structural function integrated components such as an aerospace vehicle radome, an air rudder and the like. The angle interlocking structure belongs to one branch in a three-dimensional textile structure, and has the advantages of good dimensional stability, excellent structural integrity, simple process, low production cost and high production efficiency. However, the warp and weft yarns of the structural fabric are vertically distributed along the length direction and the width direction of the fabric respectively when interweaving, so that the fabric has obvious anisotropy, and the defect of poor in-plane shearing resistance is caused, thereby preventing the development of the fabric in the field of engineering application.

At present, with the upgrading and upgrading of weapon models in China and higher performance requirements, further enhanced index requirements are provided for the mechanical properties of the weapon in the direction of +/-45 degrees in the plane. Chinese patent CN207210636U discloses a method for improving the in-plane shearing performance of angle-interlocked fabrics by introducing oblique yarns, which can significantly improve the in-plane shearing performance, but the process is more complex, and the interlayer shearing performance in the thickness direction is not effectively improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides a preparation method of a dry-process carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structural fabric, which adopts dry-process carbon fibers with excellent overall quality as raw materials, designs an angle interlocking structural fabric with a twill trend, and the fabric consists of two groups of yarn systems of warp yarns (binding warp yarns) and weft yarns, wherein the warp yarns and the straightened weft yarns are bound between layers to form an integral fabric. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Initial arrangement: according to the structure and the size requirements of the fabric, selecting heald frames and heald wires required by weaving, adjusting the heald frames into flat openings before drawing, wherein the initial state after arrangement is M layers of N rows of warp yarns, and the warp yarns are sequentially arranged in the front-back sequence of the heald frames;

(2) Drawing in: according to the required fabric size, hanging dry-method carbon fibers on a yarn fixing device through yarn heads, sequentially passing through a reed and a heddle eye, and connecting with a tension wire to hang on a yarn hanging shaft of a loom;

(3) Warping: before opening, adjusting the distance of the tension lines to keep the tension of each layer of warp yarn uniform and balanced;

(4) Opening: the lifting motion of the heald frames is regulated by a PLC control system, 2 warp yarn positions are lifted upwards by a heald lifting device in the weaving process of the diagonal shallow-cross-bending joint structure, the other two heald frames keep heald flat, two groups of warp yarns form M+1 layers of sheds, and four heald frames sequentially finish the motion;

(5) Weft insertion: weft yarns are picked at the openings of each layer in sequence according to the principle of 'from bottom to top and then from top to bottom';

(6) Beating-up: after weft insertion is completed, an air compressor is used for controlling a beating-up device to complete multi-layer beating-up at one time;

(7) Repeating steps (4) - (6) to a target length of fabric.

The in-plane shear resistance of the fabric is best when the tilt angle is + -45 deg.. Therefore, the utility model selects the twill weave of two upper and lower twill yarns, and the yarn numbers of the warp and weft density yarns are consistent, so that the yarns in the plane are in the trend of +/-45 degrees, and the anisotropy existing in the direction of +/-90 degrees of the warp and weft yarns is effectively improved. The utility model adopts a fixed-length weaving method to connect and orderly hang the fiber, nylon wire and tension wire on a yarn hanging shaft, and finishes weaving on three-dimensional weaving equipment by a heald yarn threading and pneumatic beating-up mode of a plurality of heald yarn eyes.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the carbon fiber prepared by adopting the dry spinning process is used as a raw material, has compact fiber structure, good physical and mechanical properties and high overall quality, and is beneficial to the smooth implementation of the whole weaving process;

2. the structure design of the twill angle interlocking woven fabric is flexible, the upper process is simple, warp yarns not only improve the warp mechanical property in the plane direction, but also penetrate between layers in the thickness direction, thereby being beneficial to improving the interlayer performance of the fabric, realizing multi-layer integral weaving of various structures and meeting the use requirement of high-thickness integration;

3. the whole weaving process is simple and flexible, the designability is strong, the raw material is saved by adopting the fixed-length weaving method, the manufacturing cost is reduced, meanwhile, the structure of the tension line is beneficial to adjusting the warp tension and weft density, the adaptability of the weaving structure is improved, and the industrial production is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of yarn suspension during the preparation of the multilayer fabric of example 1, wherein the reference numerals are: 1-warp yarn, 2-reed, 3-leather sheath, 4-nylon wire, 5-heald frame, 6-heald wire, 7-tension wire and 8-yarn hanging rack.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a yarn of a twill shallow cross-linked weave of example 1, wherein straightened yarn represents weft yarn and curved yarn represents warp yarn.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper process of the diagonal shallow-cross-linked structure of example 1, wherein (a) is a warp-wise cross-sectional view of the diagonal shallow-cross-linked structure; (b) Taking 5 layers of fabrics as an example, the two-up and two-down twill weave structure needs 4 heald frames in the process of drafting, and each heald needs 4 heald eyes to complete the overall machine movement when the heald frames are flat; (c) The heald lifting stroke of the heald frame is represented by numbers, the number size represents the heddle eye distance lifted by the corresponding heald frame, for example, 1 represents lifting one heddle eye distance; (d) For the weft insertion, the arrangement of the shed from top to bottom is represented in the order from left to right, wherein the spaces represent non-pick, no weft thread is inserted, and "X" represents weft thread insertion into the shed.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper frame stroke of the diagonal shallow cross-linked structure of example 1, wherein (a) represents the lifting of heddle I, heddle IV and heddle II, heddle III, remain flat; (b) Representing a heald I, a heald II and a heald III, and keeping the heald flat; (c) Representing that heald I, heald IV keeps heald flat, and heald II, heald III lifts heald; and (d) heald I and II keep flat, and heald III and IV lift heald.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described below in connection with examples which are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

Example 1

A preparation method of a dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric adopts the prior multi-layer angle interlocking woven fabric to pass through a yarn fixing device, a reed and a heddle eyelet in sequence when passing through a three-dimensional loom, then is connected with a nylon rope and a tension wire, the specific connection mode is shown in figure 1, and the final tension wire is hung on a yarn hanging shaft of a yarn hanging rack. The two-up and two-down diagonal shallow cross-bending connection structure is a new structure extending from the shallow cross-bending connection structure, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the weft yarn is in a straightened state in the space, and the warp yarn penetrates between the layers and is formed by interweaving four binding warp yarns with different floating and sinking rules.

The process diagram of the diagonal shallow cross-linking machine is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the radial cross-section of rj=16 and rw=20: the warp yarns are divided into four types, each type has four warp yarns, four heald frames are needed, and each heald wire on each heald frame needs four heald wire eyes. Binding warp yarns 1-4 pass into frame I, binding warp yarns 5-8 pass into frame II, binding warp yarns 9-12 pass into frame III, and binding warp yarns 13-16 pass into frame IV, forming a total of 4 sets of warp yarn layers. The weft yarns are sequentially picked according to the principle of 'from bottom to top and then from top to bottom'.

The motion rule of the heald frame when the warp yarns are opened in the embodiment is specifically as follows:

referring to fig. 4 (a), when weft yarns A1-E1 are inserted, the heald frame i lifts up 2 warp yarn positions, the heald frames ii, iii keep heald flat, the heald frame iv lifts up 2 warp yarn positions, openings between 4 groups of warp yarn layers form 5 sheds, and weft yarns are sequentially inserted to complete one lifting.

Referring to fig. 4 (b), when weft yarns a1-e1 are introduced, the heald frames I and II lift 2 warp yarn positions, the heald frames III and IV keep heald flat, 4 groups of warp yarn openings form 5 sheds, and weft yarns are sequentially introduced to complete one lifting.

Referring to fig. 4 (c), when weft yarns A2-E2 are introduced, heald frames i, iv remain heald flat, heald frames ii, iii lift 2 warp positions, 4 groups of warp yarns are staggered with each other to form 5 sheds, and weft yarns are sequentially introduced to complete one lifting.

Referring to fig. 4 (d), when the weft yarns a2-e2 are introduced, the heald frames I and II keep heald flat, the heald frames III and IV lift 2 warp positions, 4 groups of warp yarns are staggered with each other to form 5 sheds, and the weft yarns are sequentially introduced to complete one lifting of the heald, so that one weaving cycle is completed.

The specific operation of the method of this example is given below:

a flat fabric with a width of 150mm and a number of warp yarns of 4 layers was developed. The weft yarn and the warp yarn are selected from T300-12k dry carbon fiber single-strand yarns, the warp yarn density is 8 pieces/cm, the weft yarn density is 4 pieces/cm, a No. 40 reed is selected, the fabric structure is a two-up two-down twill shallow cross-linking structure, and the heald frame is lifted upwards by 2 warp yarn positions when the heald frame moves every time.

Designing technological parameters of the fabric: the number of warp layers is n=4, one yarn of the same layer corresponds to one heald eye on one heald, 4 heald frames are needed for weaving the structure of the utility model, 30 healds are needed on each heald frame, and 4 heald eyes are needed on each heald.

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) Initial arrangement: the warp yarns are arranged in 4 layers, 120 columns are needed in each layer, namely 30 columns are needed in each page of heald frames, and the warp yarns sequentially pass through the heald frames I, II, III and IV;

(2) Drawing in: determining the length of warp according to the required fabric size, hanging the warp on a yarn fixing device, sequentially passing through a reed and a heddle eyelet, and finally hanging the warp on a yarn hanging shaft of a loom connected with a tension wire, wherein the specific threading mode is shown in figure 1;

(4) Opening: the lifting motion of heald frames is regulated by a PLC control system, 2 warp positions of two adjacent (or head-to-tail) heald frames are controlled by a heald lifting device to lift upwards in the weaving process of the diagonal shallow cross-linking structure according to an interweaving rule, the other two heald frames keep heald flat, 4 groups of warps form 5 layers of sheds, four heald frames sequentially complete the motion, and the heald frame stroke of the diagonal shallow cross-linking structure is specifically shown in figure 4;

(7) Repeating steps (4) - (6) to a target length of fabric.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The preparation method of the dry-method carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(7) Repeating steps (4) - (6) to a target length of fabric.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dry-process carbon fiber multi-layer twill angle interlocking structure fabric is a twill shallow cross-linking structure with two upper and lower twill angles, and the integral yarn trend forms an included angle of +/-45 degrees.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the weaving machine employs a high-thickness integrated weaving device of "multiple heddle eyes-multiple heddle frames", the warp yarns being interwoven with the weft yarns by a lifting movement of the heddle frames.