CN116004108B - Transparent front plate base film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Transparent front plate base film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116004108B CN116004108B CN202211717256.5A CN202211717256A CN116004108B CN 116004108 B CN116004108 B CN 116004108B CN 202211717256 A CN202211717256 A CN 202211717256A CN 116004108 B CN116004108 B CN 116004108B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a transparent front plate base film, which comprises the following steps: s1: uniformly mixing a magnesium alcohol compound, a fluoride compound and a carbonate compound, standing and aging to obtain a composite magnesium-based precursor sol; s2: feeding the mixture into a reactor for high-temperature fluidization reaction to obtain spherical composite particles; then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles; s3: uniformly dispersing the modified acrylic acid into a reactive emulsifier, and adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivative, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylic acid ester prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent to obtain a functional coating; s4: and uniformly coating the transparent front plate on the transparent front plate, and drying and then ultraviolet curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film. The transparent front plate base film prepared by the invention not only has excellent weather resistance, wear resistance and anti-dazzle performance, but also has excellent hydrolysis resistance and scratch resistance, and can meet the service life requirement of long-term use in severe environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a transparent front plate base film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with common batteries and recyclable rechargeable batteries, the solar battery (solar photovoltaic battery) belongs to a more energy-saving and environment-friendly green product, and has been widely popularized and applied to places such as factory building roofs, rural house roofs and the like. The solar cell module typically uses EVA film to bond the transparent front plate, solar cell sheet and back plate together in sequence. Great attention is paid to the solar cell and the back plate, and various high-performance solar cell and back plate are developed to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and long-term service life of the solar cell; however, the transparent front plate of the solar cell module generally has good transmittance and electrical insulation properties, and a protective base film is further provided on the transparent front plate body. However, the existing transparent front plate base film often has the problems of wear resistance, easy scratch, no antiglare property, poor hydrolysis resistance and the like, thereby indirectly influencing the special use requirements of the solar cell module.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the transparent front plate base film, so as to solve the problem that the conventional solar cell transparent front plate base film cannot be weather-proof, wear-resistant, anti-dazzle, hydrolysis-resistant, scratch-resistant and other performance problems, and further meet the service life requirements of long-term use under special environments or severe environments.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of preparing a transparent front sheet base film, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: dissolving a magnesium alcohol compound in a solvent, and then adding a magnesium alcohol compound with the mass ratio of 10-20: 1 and a carbonate compound, wherein the mass concentration of the fluoride is 0.1-0.5 mol/L, and the mol ratio of the magnesium alcohol compound to the fluoride is 1.1-1.3: 1, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then standing and aging for 4-8 hours at room temperature to obtain a composite magnesium-based precursor sol;
s2: feeding the composite magnesium-based precursor sol obtained in the step S1 into a reactor from the side wall inlet of the reactor by taking nitrogen as a carrier to carry out high-temperature fluidization reaction, so as to obtain spherical composite particles; then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the spherical composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles; the magnesium oxide doped spherical composite particles are obtained after the composite magnesium-based precursor sol is subjected to high-temperature fluidization reaction, on one hand, magnesium fluoride is added into the transparent front plate base film, so that reflection of an interface of the transparent front plate base film on incident light is reduced, a better anti-dazzle effect is achieved, on the other hand, magnesium oxide is resistant to ion bombardment, has good insulating property, is high in visible transmittance, and is beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance of the transparent front plate base film. The particle size of the core-shell structure composite particles is mainly distributed at 50-200 nm.
S3: uniformly dispersing the core-shell structure composite particles obtained in the step S2 in a reactive emulsifier, adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivatives, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent, uniformly dispersing on a high-speed dispersing machine, and standing for defoaming to obtain a functional coating; the mixed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 5 parts of core-shell structure composite particles, 15 to 20 parts of reactive emulsifier, 10 to 30 parts of fluoroolefin triazine derivative, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of photoinitiator, 80 to 100 parts of polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, 0.05 to 0.1 part of defoamer and 40 to 60 parts of diluent. The photoinitiator and defoamer of the present invention are not particularly limited, and as an example, the photoinitiator may preferably be any one or more of diphenylethanone, α -dimethoxy- α -phenylacetophenone, methyl acetophenone, benzophenone, 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc.; the defoamer may then preferably be a silicone defoamer.
S4: and (3) uniformly coating the functional coating obtained in the step (S3) on a transparent front plate, drying at 60-90 ℃ for 1-5 min, and then carrying out ultraviolet irradiation curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film.
Preferably, the magnesium alkoxide compound is at least one of magnesium methoxide, magnesium ethoxide and magnesium isopropoxide.
Preferably, the fluoride is at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride or ammonium fluoride, and the carbonate compound is at least one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate.
Preferably, the reaction temperature of the high-temperature fluidization reaction is 700-750 ℃.
Preferably, in step S2, the coating manner of the core-shell structure composite particle is as follows: respectively introducing a dihydric alcohol A phase and a terephthalic acid B phase from the top and the bottom of the reactor, wherein the molar ratio of the dihydric alcohol to the terephthalic acid is 1.2-1.5: 1, heating the reactor by microwaves, heating to 270-290 ℃, and reacting to obtain the in-situ coated composite particles. According to the invention, a layer of polyethylene terephthalate organic matters obtained by reacting dihydric alcohol with terephthalic acid is coated on the surface of the inorganic spherical composite particles in situ in a vapor deposition mode, so that the problem that the organic layers on the surface of the core-shell structure obtained by coating by a traditional liquid phase method are easy to peel is solved.
Preferably, the dihydric alcohol A phase is a liquid phase mixture of glycol and spiro ethylene glycol after being heated, and the molar ratio of the glycol to the spiro ethylene glycol is 1-3: 1, the phase B of terephthalic acid is a gas phase mixture of terephthalic acid taking nitrogen as a carrier. Further, the modified polyethylene terephthalate obtained by adding spiro ethylene glycol as a modifier has better dimensional stability and heat resistance, and the long-term service performance of the core-shell structure composite particles is improved.
Preferably, a porous screen is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the reactor, and an antimony trioxide film is magnetically sputtered on the surface of the porous screen. The antimony trioxide film is used as a catalyst for the reaction of dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid, so that the in-situ coating efficiency of the surface of the spherical composite particles is improved, and the residues of unreacted monomers are reduced.
Preferably, the reactive emulsifier is at least one of 2-methyl-2-tributyl silyl acrylate, trimethylsiloxyethyl methacrylate, 2-trimethylsilyl acrylate and tri (isopropyl) silyl acrylate. The reactive emulsifier contains the active functional group acrylic acid and the inert group alkane silane, wherein the active functional group acrylic acid can participate in the crosslinking reaction of the fluoroolefin triazine derivative and the polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, and the inert group alkane silane is introduced into the base film in a chemical bond combination mode, so that the comprehensive performances of weather resistance, damp heat resistance, wear resistance, hydrolysis resistance, scratch resistance and the like of the base film are further improved.
Preferably, the fluoroolefin triazine derivative consists of a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1.2 of 4, 6-bis (2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-amine and propenol or isobutenyl alcohol are obtained by hydroxylamine reaction. The fluorine-containing olefin triazine derivative disclosed by the invention takes the triazine functional group as a main body and is rich in fluorine atoms, so that the hydrophobicity of the surface of the transparent front plate base film is improved, the permeation of water molecules in the environment in the film layer is reduced, the comprehensive performances of weather resistance, damp and heat resistance, hydrolysis resistance and the like of the base film are improved, and the unsaturated olefin double bond is contained on the other hand, so that the unsaturated olefin double bond is bonded to the base film in a chemical bond bonding mode, and the hydrolysis resistance of the base film is further improved.
In another aspect, the invention provides a transparent front substrate film, which is prepared by the preparation method of the transparent front substrate film.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing transparent front plate base film, the transparent front plate base film prepared by the invention has excellent weather resistance, wear resistance and anti-dazzle performance, has excellent hydrolysis resistance and scratch resistance, and can meet the long-term service life requirement in severe environments.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The preparation method of the transparent front plate base film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: 10g of magnesium methoxide was dissolved in 100mL of ethanol, and then a solution prepared by the mass ratio of 10:1 and sodium carbonate, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium fluoride is 0.25mol/L, and the molar ratio of the magnesium methoxide to the sodium fluoride is 1.1:1, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then standing and aging for 4 hours at room temperature to obtain the composite magnesium-based precursor sol. In the embodiment, the magnesium methoxide, the sodium fluoride and the sodium carbonate are subjected to an aging reaction to obtain the composite magnesium-based precursor sol containing the magnesium fluoride and the magnesium carbonate compound, and the composite magnesium-based precursor sol is favorable for obtaining the magnesium oxide-doped magnesium fluoride composite particles with the spherical structure.
S2: feeding the composite magnesium-based precursor sol obtained in the step S1 into a reactor from the side wall inlet of the reactor by taking nitrogen as a carrier to carry out high-temperature fluidization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the high-temperature fluidization reaction is 710 ℃, so as to obtain spherical composite particles; and then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the spherical composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles. The method is characterized in that a porous screen is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the reactor, an antimony trioxide film is sputtered on the surface of the porous screen in a magnetron manner, the introduced composite magnesium-based precursor sol is subjected to high-temperature fluidization reaction on the porous screen, and the size of the porous screen is flexibly adjusted according to the particle size of terephthalic acid raw materials. The coating mode of the core-shell structure composite particles is as follows: and respectively introducing a dihydric alcohol A phase and a terephthalic acid B phase from the top and the bottom of the reactor, wherein the molar ratio of the dihydric alcohol to the terephthalic acid is 1.2:1, heating the reactor by microwaves, heating to 275 ℃, and reacting to obtain in-situ coated composite particles; the dihydric alcohol A phase is a liquid phase mixture of glycol and spiro ethylene glycol after being heated to 60 ℃, and the molar ratio of the glycol to the spiro ethylene glycol is 1.5:1, the phase B of terephthalic acid is a gas phase mixture of terephthalic acid taking nitrogen as a carrier. In the high-temperature fluidization reaction process, nitrogen gas is introduced into the bottom of the reactor, so that the high-temperature decomposition reaction of the composite magnesium-based precursor sol in a fluidization state in the reactor is facilitated, and spherical composite particles are better obtained.
S3: uniformly dispersing the core-shell structure composite particles obtained in the step S2 in a reactive emulsifier, adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivatives, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent, uniformly dispersing on a high-speed dispersing machine, and standing for defoaming to obtain a functional coating; the mixed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of core-shell structure composite particles, 15 parts of reactive emulsifier 2-methyl-2-tributyl silyl acrylate, 10 parts of fluoroolefin triazine derivative, 0.5 part of photoinitiator diphenyl ethanone, 100 parts of polyurethane acrylate prepolymer (manufactured by chemical industry (tin-free) Co., ltd., the same shall apply hereinafter), 0.05 part of organosilicon defoamer and 60 parts of diluent toluene.
S4: and (3) uniformly coating the functional coating obtained in the step (S3) on a transparent front plate, drying at 60 ℃ for 5min, and then carrying out ultraviolet irradiation curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film.
The fluoroolefin triazine derivative comprises the following components in mole ratio of 1:1, 4, 6-bis (2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-amine is obtained by reacting hydroxylamine with propenol.
Example 2
The preparation method of the transparent front plate base film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: 10g of magnesium ethoxide is dissolved in 100mL of ethanol, and then 15 mass percent of magnesium ethoxide is added: 1 and sodium carbonate, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium fluoride is 0.25mol/L, and the mol ratio of the magnesium ethoxide to the sodium fluoride is 1.2:1, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then standing and aging for 6 hours at room temperature to obtain the composite magnesium-based precursor sol.
S2: feeding the composite magnesium-based precursor sol obtained in the step S1 into a reactor from the side wall inlet of the reactor by taking nitrogen as a carrier to carry out high-temperature fluidization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the high-temperature fluidization reaction is 730 ℃, so as to obtain spherical composite particles; and then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the spherical composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles. The method is characterized in that a porous screen is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the reactor, an antimony trioxide film is sputtered on the surface of the porous screen in a magnetron manner, the introduced composite magnesium-based precursor sol is subjected to high-temperature fluidization reaction on the porous screen, and the size of the porous screen is flexibly adjusted according to the particle size of terephthalic acid raw materials. The coating mode of the core-shell structure composite particles is as follows: and respectively introducing a dihydric alcohol A phase and a terephthalic acid B phase from the top and the bottom of the reactor, wherein the molar ratio of the dihydric alcohol to the terephthalic acid is 1.3:1, heating the reactor by microwaves, heating to 280 ℃, and reacting to obtain in-situ coated composite particles; the dihydric alcohol A phase is a liquid phase mixture of glycol and spiro ethylene glycol after being heated to 60 ℃, and the molar ratio of the glycol to the spiro ethylene glycol is 2:1, the phase B of terephthalic acid is a gas phase mixture of terephthalic acid taking nitrogen as a carrier.
S3: uniformly dispersing the core-shell structure composite particles obtained in the step S2 in a reactive emulsifier, adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivatives, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent, uniformly dispersing on a high-speed dispersing machine, and standing for defoaming to obtain a functional coating; the mixed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of core-shell structure composite particles, 20 parts of reaction emulsifier trimethylsiloxyethyl methacrylate, 30 parts of fluoroolefin triazine derivative, 1 part of photoinitiator diphenyl ethanone, 90 parts of polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, 0.05 part of organosilicon defoamer and 50 parts of diluent toluene.
S4: and (3) uniformly coating the functional coating obtained in the step (S3) on a transparent front plate, drying at 80 ℃ for 3min, and then carrying out ultraviolet irradiation curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film.
The fluoroolefin triazine derivative of this example is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The preparation method of the transparent front plate base film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: 10g of magnesium isopropoxide is dissolved in 100mL of ethanol, and then a mixture of the following components in mass ratio of 20:1 and sodium carbonate, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium fluoride is 0.25mol/L, and the mol ratio of the magnesium isopropoxide to the sodium fluoride is 1.3:1, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then standing and aging for 8 hours at room temperature to obtain the composite magnesium-based precursor sol.
S2: feeding the composite magnesium-based precursor sol obtained in the step S1 into a reactor from the side wall inlet of the reactor by taking nitrogen as a carrier to carry out high-temperature fluidization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the high-temperature fluidization reaction is 750 ℃, so as to obtain spherical composite particles; and then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the spherical composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles. The method is characterized in that a porous screen is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the reactor, an antimony trioxide film is sputtered on the surface of the porous screen in a magnetron manner, the introduced composite magnesium-based precursor sol is subjected to high-temperature fluidization reaction on the porous screen, and the size of the porous screen is flexibly adjusted according to the particle size of terephthalic acid raw materials. The coating mode of the core-shell structure composite particles is as follows: and respectively introducing a dihydric alcohol A phase and a terephthalic acid B phase from the top and the bottom of the reactor, wherein the molar ratio of the dihydric alcohol to the terephthalic acid is 1.5:1, heating the reactor by microwaves, heating to 290 ℃, and reacting to obtain in-situ coated composite particles; the dihydric alcohol A phase is a liquid phase mixture of glycol and spiro ethylene glycol after being heated to 60 ℃, and the molar ratio of the glycol to the spiro ethylene glycol is 3:1, the phase B of terephthalic acid is a gas phase mixture of terephthalic acid taking nitrogen as a carrier.
S3: uniformly dispersing the core-shell structure composite particles obtained in the step S2 in a reactive emulsifier, adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivatives, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent, uniformly dispersing on a high-speed dispersing machine, and standing for defoaming to obtain a functional coating; the mixed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of core-shell structure composite particles, 20 parts of reactive emulsifier 2-trimethylsilyl acrylate, 10 parts of fluoroolefin triazine derivative, 0.5 part of photoinitiator diphenyl ethanone, 80 parts of polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, 0.05 part of organosilicon defoamer and 40 parts of diluent toluene.
S4: and (3) uniformly coating the functional coating obtained in the step (S3) on a transparent front plate, drying at 90 ℃ for 1min, and then carrying out ultraviolet irradiation curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film.
The fluoroolefin triazine derivative comprises the following components in mole ratio of 1:1.2 4, 6-bis (2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-amine is obtained by reacting with isobutylenol via hydroxylamine.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the transparent front substrate film of the present comparative example is basically the same as that of example 1, except that in the transparent front substrate film of the present comparative example, the glycol a phase is only ethylene glycol, and spiro ethylene glycol is not added.
Comparative example 2
The process for producing the transparent front substrate film of this comparative example was substantially the same as in example 1, except that the fluoroolefin triazine derivative was not added to the raw material of step S3 in the transparent front substrate film of this comparative example.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the transparent front substrate film of the comparative example is basically the same as that of the example 1, except that in the transparent front substrate film of the comparative example, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate serving as an emulsifier is adopted as a raw material in the step S3 to replace a reactive emulsifier of 2-methyl-2-tributyl silyl acrylate.
The transparent front plate base films prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance test, and the performance results thereof are shown in table 1:
scratch resistance test: the surface of the base film was wiped back and forth with steel wool #0000 at 500g force and constant rate (about 100 mm/s) and the surface condition was observed with naked eyes. When a first significant scratch appears on the surface, the number of wipes at the time of scratch was recorded to characterize scratch resistance. The scratch resistance was defined as excellent for times greater than 10 times, good for times between 5 and 10 times, and poor for times less than 5 times.
TABLE 1
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing a transparent front plate base film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dissolving a magnesium alcohol compound in a solvent, adding a mixed aqueous solution consisting of fluoride and carbonate compounds, stirring and uniformly mixing, and standing and aging at room temperature for a certain time to obtain a composite magnesium-based precursor sol;
s2: feeding the composite magnesium-based precursor sol obtained in the step S1 into a reactor from the side wall inlet of the reactor by taking nitrogen as a carrier to carry out high-temperature fluidization reaction, so as to obtain spherical composite particles; then coating a layer of organic matters on the surface of the spherical composite particles in situ to obtain the core-shell structure composite particles; the coating mode of the core-shell structure composite particles is as follows: respectively introducing a dihydric alcohol A phase and a terephthalic acid B phase from the top and the bottom of the reactor, heating the reactor by microwaves, heating to 270-290 ℃, and reacting to obtain in-situ coated composite particles; the dihydric alcohol A phase is a liquid phase mixture of ethylene glycol and spiro ethylene glycol after heating, and the terephthalic acid B phase is a gas phase mixture of terephthalic acid taking nitrogen as a carrier;
s3: uniformly dispersing the core-shell structure composite particles obtained in the step S2 in a reactive emulsifier, adding a mixed solution compounded by fluoroolefin triazine derivatives, a photoinitiator, polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, a defoaming agent and a diluent, uniformly dispersing on a high-speed dispersing machine, and standing for defoaming to obtain a functional coating; the fluoroolefin triazine derivative comprises the following components in mole ratio of 1: 1-1.2 of 4, 6-bis (2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-amine and propenol or isobutenyl alcohol are obtained through hydroxylamine reaction;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating the functional coating obtained in the step (S3) on the transparent front plate, and drying and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the transparent front plate base film.
2. The method for producing a transparent front substrate film according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alkoxide compound is at least one of magnesium methoxide, magnesium ethoxide, and magnesium isopropoxide.
3. The method for producing a transparent front substrate film according to claim 1, wherein the fluoride is at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, and ammonium fluoride, and the carbonate compound is at least one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and ammonium carbonate.
4. The method for producing a transparent front substrate film according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature of the high-temperature fluidization reaction is 700 to 750 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the transparent front plate base film according to claim 1, wherein a porous screen is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the reactor, and an antimony trioxide film is magnetically sputtered on the surface of the porous screen.
6. The method for producing a transparent front substrate film according to claim 1, wherein the reactive emulsifier is at least one of 2-methyl-2-tributylsilyl acrylate, trimethylsiloethyl methacrylate, 2-trimethylsilyl acrylate, and tri (isopropyl) silyl acrylate.
7. A transparent front substrate film, wherein the substrate film is prepared by the method for preparing a transparent front substrate film according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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KR20130062176A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-12 | 광 석 서 | Substrate films for transparent electrode films |
CN107203013A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of antistatic anti-glare antireflective optical film and its preparation method and application |
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CN101775254A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-07-14 | 吴江友鑫高分子材料科技有限公司 | Light reflection-preventing ultraviolet curing coating for plastic surface |
KR20130062176A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-12 | 광 석 서 | Substrate films for transparent electrode films |
CN102976626A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-20 | 西安理工大学 | Method of using sol-gel to prepare MgF2 antireflection film |
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