CN116003312A - 一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法 - Google Patents
一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116003312A CN116003312A CN202210519999.5A CN202210519999A CN116003312A CN 116003312 A CN116003312 A CN 116003312A CN 202210519999 A CN202210519999 A CN 202210519999A CN 116003312 A CN116003312 A CN 116003312A
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- Prior art keywords
- trifluoromethyl
- reaction
- difluoromethylthio
- trifluoromethylthio
- dihydropyridine
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- -1 difluoromethylthio Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaborolane Chemical compound CC1(C)O[B]OC1(C)C LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- YNGDWRXWKFWCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dihydropyridine Chemical compound C1C=CNC=C1 YNGDWRXWKFWCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000005034 trifluormethylthio group Chemical group FC(S*)(F)F 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- MMWRGWQTAMNAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydropyridine Chemical compound C1NC=CC=C1 MMWRGWQTAMNAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007336 electrophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-amino-hydroxylamine Chemical compound NON SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004925 dihydropyridyl group Chemical class N1(CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 25
- UPCSQMKACNMLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N BOOBB Chemical compound BOOBB UPCSQMKACNMLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- KNDYXRJLEZMPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dioxo-2-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one Chemical compound FC(SN1S(=O)(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O)(F)F KNDYXRJLEZMPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HJKGBRPNSJADMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 HJKGBRPNSJADMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006692 trifluoromethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OQBMFKJNYUEAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound FC(SN1C(C=2C(C1=O)=CC=CC=2)=O)F OQBMFKJNYUEAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- WFIFHOWQEJADPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-(2-oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC=C1N1C(=O)CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C1 WFIFHOWQEJADPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OERWBJDSLIFGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CN=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OERWBJDSLIFGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MNJVRJDLRVPLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoricoxib Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC=C(Cl)C=C1C1=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 MNJVRJDLRVPLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISHIRNXSRUPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylethanamine;pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CCNCC.OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 IISHIRNXSRUPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YLUZKERNKYNCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-phenylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=NC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YLUZKERNKYNCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylpyridin-3-amine Chemical class C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012039 electrophile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960004945 etoricoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RWHJVIIQVLECOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;pyridine Chemical compound [Li].C1=CC=NC=C1 RWHJVIIQVLECOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005656 rearomatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing only one pyridine ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/26—Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/70—Sulfur atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
- C07D213/80—Acids; Esters in position 3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
- C07D213/803—Processes of preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法,包括:S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,向反应瓶加入催化剂、溶剂、频那醇硼烷和吡啶,搅拌,在40~100°C反应2~12小时得到二氢吡啶;S2,向反应瓶加入三氟甲硫基试剂、二氟甲硫基试剂或三氟甲基试剂,搅拌,于室温~80°C至反应2~12小时得到三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的二氢吡啶;S3,将反应瓶置于空气中或加入2,3‑二氯‑5,6‑二氰基苯醌,搅拌,室温下反应4~12小时,再减压蒸馏除去溶剂,柱层析分离,得到间位取代的吡啶化合物。该方法不使用过渡金属催化剂、反应条件温和、选择性好、官能团兼容性广,可用于药物分子的后期官能团化修饰。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成领域,特别是涉及一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或者三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法。
背景技术
作为一种优势基团,吡啶结构在药物分子中广泛存在。但是由于吡啶结构极性较高,导致含有吡啶结构的药物分子通常亲脂性较差,而三氟甲硫基具有较高的亲脂性(π=1.44),因此将三氟甲硫基引入到含吡啶结构的药物分子中可以有效调节药物分子的脂溶性和代谢稳定性;另一方面,二氟甲硫基含有氢键,同样可以有效调节药物的化学性质,改善药物的生物活性;三氟甲基作为甲基的生物电子等排体,是药物分子中最常见的含氟官能团之一,可以增强药物分子的代谢稳定性以及调节亲脂性。因此发展直接、高效、通用的吡啶三氟甲硫基化、二氟甲硫基化和三氟甲基化的方法具有较高的应用价值。
由于吡啶为缺电子芳环,其亲电取代反应活性较低,因此直接亲电三氟甲硫基化、二氟甲硫基化或者三氟甲基化通常只能发生在连有富电子官能团的吡啶环上。目前较为通用的在吡啶间位引入三氟甲硫基或者二氟甲硫基的方法有两种,一种是将吡啶锂试剂与相应的强亲电试剂(亲电三氟甲硫化或者二氟甲硫化试剂)反应得到相应产物(S.Alazet,L.Zimmer,T.Billard.J.Fluorine.Chem.2015,171,78;M.R.C.Gerstenberger,A.Haas.J.Fluorine.Chem.1983,23,525;A.Haas,U.Niemann.J.Fluorine.Chem.1978,11,509.):
另一种是官能团转化的方法,即:将吡啶上其他官能团转化为三氟甲硫基或者二氟甲硫基(C.Pooput,M.Medebielle,W.R.Dolbier.Org.Lett.2004,6,301;I.Kieltsch,P.Eisenberger,A.Togni.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2007,46,754;V.P.Mehta,M.F.Greaney.Org.Lett.2013,15,5036;F.Baert,J.Colomb,T.Billard.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2012,51,10382;G.Teverovskiy,D.S.Surry,S.L.Buchwald.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2011,50,7312;J.Yang,M.Jiang,Y.Jin,H.Yang,H.Fu.Org.Lett.2017,19,2758;J.Wu,Y.Liu,C.Lua,Q.Shen.Chem.Sci.2016,7,3757;J.Wu,Y.Gu,X.Leng,Q.Shen.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2015,54,7648.):
其中X为SCN、SH、SPy、Cl、Br、I、B(OH)2、BF3K、N2 +或COOH。
但上述两种方法均有较大的局限性。例如第一种方法中,为制备底物通常需要较强的碱,因此官能团耐受性较差,方法应用范围有限;而第二种方法需要将底物预先官能团化,对于不含相应官能团的底物则难以实现相应转化。
吡啶的直接三氟甲基化目前主要有两种方法,其一是通过自由基反应(Y.Ji,T.Brueckl,R.D.Baxter,Y.Fujiwara,I.B.Seiple,S.Su,D.G.Blackmond,P.S.Baran.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.2011,108,14411;D.A.Nagib,D.W.C.MacMillan.Nature 2011,480,224;Y.Fujiwara,J.A.Dixon,F.O’Hara,E.D.Funder,D.D.Dixon,R.A.Rodriguez,R.D.Baxter,B.Herlé,N.Sach,M.R.Collins,Y.Ishihara,P.S.Baran.Nature 2012,492,95;F.O’Hara,D.G.Blackmond,P.S.Baran.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2013,135,12122):
其二是通过有机膦配体偶联的方式实现吡啶对位的三氟甲基化(X.Zhang,K.G.Nottingham,C.Patel,J.V.Alegre-Requena,J.N.Levy,R.S.Paton,A.McNally.Nature2021,594,217.):
上述两种方法的主要问题在于:第一种方法通常得到吡啶的不同位置被三氟甲基化的混合产物,即反应的区域选择性不好;第二种方法需要在-78℃这样比较苛刻的温度条件下进行且实现的是在吡啶的对位引入三氟甲基。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法,该方法中的官能团兼容性高、无需预先官能团化、反应条件温和、易于放大生产,同时具有较好的化学选择性和区域选择性。
为此,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,制备1,4-二氢吡啶或1,2-二氢吡啶:
在充满氮气的手套箱中,向反应瓶中加入催化剂、溶剂、频那醇硼烷和吡啶,搅拌,使其充分反应,得到二氢吡啶,其反应式如下:
其中:
所述催化剂为三芳基硼,其与吡啶的摩尔比为(5-10):100,其结构式为:B(R4)3,其中,R4为苯基、五氟苯基、3,5-二(三氟甲基)取代的苯基或2,4,6-三氟取代的苯基;
所述频那醇硼烷与吡啶的当量比为1.1:1;
所述溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二氧六环、1,2-二氯乙烷或芳香溶剂;
反应温度为40~100℃,反应时间为2~12小时;
S2,二氢吡啶的亲电取代反应:
向上述反应瓶中加入三氟甲硫基试剂、二氟甲硫基试剂或三氟甲基试剂,在氮气氛围中搅拌至反应结束,得到间位被三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的二氢吡啶,其反应式如下:
其中,反应温度为室温~80℃,反应时间为2~12小时;
S3,氧化芳构化得到间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或者三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物:
将上述反应瓶置于空气中或加入2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌,搅拌至完全反应,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,再进行柱层析分离,得到间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或者三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物,其反应式如下:
其中:
所述2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌与吡啶的当量比为1.5:1
反应温度为室温,反应时间为4~12小时;
在上述吡啶、二氢吡啶和间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的结构式中,R1为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基;R2为氢、烷基、卤素、胺基、醚基、酯基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基;R3为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基。
优选的是,上述结构式中,所述X-为BF4 -、TfO-、Cl-、Br-或I-;所述R5为芳基或取代芳基;所述R6为氢或氟。
当所述R1为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基优选为呋喃基或噻吩基。
当所述R2为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基优选为呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基。
当所述R2为卤素时,所述卤素为氯、溴、碘。
当所述R3为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基为呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基。
本发明以硼路易斯酸为催化剂,利用吡啶的去芳构化—再芳构化策略来实现吡啶间位的三氟甲硫基化、二氟甲硫基化或三氟甲基化:首先由硼路易斯酸催化,吡啶与频那醇硼烷反应生成富电子的1,4-二氢吡啶或者1,2-二氢吡啶,使其易于与亲电的三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基试剂发生反应;第二步发生二氢吡啶的三氟甲硫基化、二氟甲硫基化或三氟甲基化;最后进行氧化再芳构化,得到间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基和三氟甲基取代的吡啶产物。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.本发明无需使用价格相对昂贵的金属试剂,而是以硼路易斯酸作为催化剂,既有利于保护环境,同时又降低了生产成本,易于放大生产;
2.本发明中,三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代反应仅发生在吡啶间位,在吡啶邻位、对位以及其它芳环上不能发生,具有较好的化学选择性和区域选择性;
3.本发明在相对温和的条件中发生,反应在室温到80℃的条件下都能得到产物;
4.本发明所得产物易于进一步转化为砜、亚砜产物,因此在医药、农药、材料科学等方面都有广泛应用;
5.本发明的底物适用范围广,对邻位、间位和对位的单取代或多取代吡啶均有较高的反应活性,同时对于含吡啶结构的药物分子的后期官能团化修饰有较好的适用性,可应用于药物的研发和生产;
6.本发明中的官能团兼容性强,取代基可以是烷基、卤素、胺基、醚基、酯基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基等;
7.本发明可以放大至克级规模,在降低催化剂的用量为5mol%的同时仍保持较高产率,且副产物可回收重新利用,从而降低了生产成本,具有较好的绿色化学性质。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的方法进行详细说明。
以下实施例的反应式中,LA为催化剂;HBpin为频那醇硼烷;THF为四氢呋喃;DCM为二氯甲烷;Toluene为甲苯;equiv为当量。
实施例1
一种制备3-苯基-5-三氟甲硫基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,硼氢化反应制备二氢吡啶:在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和3-苯基吡啶(1a)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应5小时,得到3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3,结构式如下:
S2,二氢吡啶的亲电取代反应:体系冷却至室温,将62.3mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在80℃下反应2小时,生成3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-三氟甲硫基-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,氧化芳构化得到间位取代的吡啶化合物:体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成3-苯基-5-三氟甲硫基吡啶(3-Phenyl-5-trifluoromethylthiopyridine)(3a),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物3-苯基-5-三氟甲硫基吡啶,其为无色油,收率为94%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.94(s,1H),8.81(s,1H),8.16(s,1H),7.61-7.57(m,2H),7.54-7.49(m,2H),7.48-7.43(m,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ154.0,150.2,141.8,137.7,136.1,129.4,129.2(q,J=308.8Hz,SCF3),128.9,127.3,122.1(q,J=1.5Hz).19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-42.14(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H9F3NS+(M+H)+:256.0402,Found:256.0402.
实施例2
一种制备4-苯基-3-三氟甲硫基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和4-苯基吡啶(1b)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应12小时,得到4-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,2-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将62.3mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在室温下反应12小时,生成4-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-3-三氟甲硫基-1,2-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成4-苯基-3-三氟甲硫基吡啶(4-Phenyl-3-trifluoromethylthiopyridine)(3b),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物4-苯基-3-三氟甲硫基吡啶,其为白色固体,收率为56%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.96(s,1H),8.72(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.50-7.43(m,3H),7.38(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.36-7.33(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ157.2,155.5,151.6,137.5,129.2,129.1(q,J=309.3Hz,SCF3),128.9,128.4,125.5,120.5(q,J=2.0Hz).19FNMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-41.83(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H9F3NS+(M+H)+:256.0402,Found:256.0400.
实施例3
一种制备2-苯基-3,5-二(三氟甲硫基)吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)13mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和2-苯基吡啶(1c)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在40℃下反应2小时,得到2-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA为B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)3,结构式如下:
S2,体系冷却至室温,将124.6mg(0.44mmol,2.2equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在40℃下反应3小时,生成2-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-3,5-二(三氟甲硫基)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,加入68.1mg(0.3mmol,1.5equiv)的2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成2-苯基-3,5-二(三氟甲硫基)吡啶(2-Phenyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethylthio)pyridine)(3c),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物2-苯基-3,5-二(三氟甲硫基)吡啶,其为无色油,收率为68%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.94(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.41(s,1H),7.65-7.56(m,2H),7.55-7.48(m,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ165.0,156.3,151.3,137.7,129.8,129.7,128.9(q,J=309.2Hz,SCF3),128.9(q,J=309.9Hz,SCF3),128.4,121.9(q,J=1.7Hz),121.0(q,J=2.0Hz).19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-41.45(s,SCF3),-42.04(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C13H8F6NS2 +(M+H)+:355.9997,Found:355.9993.
实施例4
一种制备6-甲基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酸甲酯的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和6-甲基烟酸甲酯(1d)30.2mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在40℃下反应4小时,得到6-甲基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶-3-羧酸甲酯,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将62.3mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在室温下反应12小时,生成6-甲基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-三氟甲硫基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3-羧酸甲酯,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌12小时,生成6-甲基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酸甲酯(Methyl 6-methyl-5-trifluoromethylthionicotinate)(3d),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物6-甲基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酸甲酯,其为白色固体,收率为56%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.16(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.53(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),3.96(s,3H),2.85(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ168.0,164.7,152.2,146.4,129.3(q,J=311.1Hz,SCF3),125.0,121.0(q,J=2.0Hz),52.75,24.2.19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-41.78(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C9H9F3NO2S+(M+H)+:252.0301,Found:252.0297.
实施例5
一种制备5-氯-6'-甲基-3-甲磺酰基-5-三氟甲硫基-2,3'-联吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和依托考昔(1e)71.8mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应8小时,得到5-氯-6'-甲基-3-(4-(甲磺酰基)苯基)-1'-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1',4'-二氢-2,3'-联吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将62.3mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在80℃下反应4小时,得到5-氯-6'-甲基-3-(4-(甲磺酰基)苯基)-1'-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5'-三氟甲硫基-1',4'-二氢-2,3'-联吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成5-氯-6'-甲基-3-甲磺酰苯基-5-三氟甲硫基-2,3'-联吡啶(5-chloro-6'-methyl-3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-5'((trifluoromethyl)thio)-2,3'-bipyridine)(3e)反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物5-氯-6'-甲基-3-甲磺酰基-5-三氟甲硫基-2,3'-联吡啶,其为白色固体,收率为65%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.73(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.66(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.77-7.74(m,2H),7.40(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),3.06(s,3H),2.75(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ163.2,151.9,150.5,148.7,146.1,143.1,140.6,138.2,135.7,132.9,131.8,130.3,129.2(q,J=309.3Hz,SCF3),128.3,112.0(d,J=1.8Hz),44.41,23.67.19FNMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-41.82(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C19H15ClF3N2O2S2 +(M+H)+:459.0210,Found:459.0208.
实施例6
一种制备N,N-二乙基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酰胺的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和烟酸二乙胺(1f)35.6mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应8小时,得到N,N-二乙基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶-3-甲酰胺,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将62.3mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)N-三氟甲硫基糖精(2a)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在80℃下反应4小时,生成N,N-二乙基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-三氟甲硫基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3-甲酰胺,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌12小时,生成N,N-二乙基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酰胺(N,N-diethyl-5-trifluoromethylthionicotinamide)(3f),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物N,N-二乙基-5-三氟甲硫基烟酰胺,其为无色油,收率为76%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.85(s,1H),8.74(s,1H),8.01(s,1H),3.56(q,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.25(q,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.27(t,J=6.5Hz,3H),1.15(t,J=6.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ166.9,156.0,149.4,141.6,133.8,129.0(q,J=309.2Hz,SCF3),122.1(q,J=2.0Hz),43.6,39.9,14.3,12.9.19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-42.06(s,SCF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H14F3N2OS+(M+H)+:279.0773,Found:279.0774.
实施例7
一种制备3-二氟甲硫基-5-苯基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和3-苯基吡啶(1a)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应5小时,得到3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将50.4mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)2-(二氟甲硫基)异吲哚-1,3-二酮(2b)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在80℃下反应6小时,生成3-二氟甲硫基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-苯基-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成3-二氟甲硫基-5-苯基吡啶(3-Difluoromethylthio-5-phenylpyridine)(3g),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物3-二氟甲硫基-5-苯基吡啶,其为无色油,收率为82%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.89(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.75(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.10(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.61-7.57(m,2H),7.54-7.48(m,2H),7.47-7.42(m,1H),6.89(t,J=56.3Hz,1H,SCF2H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ153.5,149.3,141.2,137.4,136.4,129.3,128.8,127.3,123.1(t,J=2.7Hz),119.8(t,J=278.8Hz,SCF2H).19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-91.17(d,J=56.5Hz,SCF2H).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H10F2NS+(M+H)+:238.0497,Found:238.0494.
实施例8
一种制备3-二氟甲硫基-4-苯基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和4-苯基吡啶(1a)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应12小时,得到4-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,2-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将50.4mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)2-(二氟甲硫基)异吲哚-1,3-二酮(2b)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在80℃下反应6小时,得到3-二氟甲硫基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-4-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成3-二氟甲硫基-4-苯基吡啶(3-Difluoromethylthio-4-phenylpyridine)(3h),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物3-二氟甲硫基-4-苯基吡啶,其为白色固体,收率为50%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.88(s,1H),8.66(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.49-7.44(m,3H),7.40-7.36(m,2H),7.34(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),6.64(t,J=56.4Hz,1H,SCF2H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ156.0,154.4,150.7,137.7,129.2,128.9,128.4,125.3,122.0(t,J=2.6Hz),119.8(t,J=277.1Hz,SCF2H).19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-91.25(d,J=56.3Hz,SCF2H).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H10F2NS+(M+H)+:238.0497,Found:238.0495.
实施例9
一种制备3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频那醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和3-苯基吡啶(1a)31.0mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)依次加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在80℃下反应5小时,得到3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将69.5mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)1-(三氟甲基)-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮(2c)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在室温下反应1小时,得到3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,加入68.1mg(0.3mmol,1.5equiv)的2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶(3-Phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine)(3i),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶,其为白色固体,收率为48%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.02(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.87(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.66-7.56(m,2H),7.55-7.45(m,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ151.5,145.2(q,J=4.0Hz),136.8,136.3,131.3(q,J=3.5Hz),129.4,128.97,127.30,126.8(q,J=32.7Hz),123.6(q,J=272.8Hz).19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-62.40(s,CF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.forC12H9F3N+(M+H)+:224.0682,Found:224.0679.
实施例10
一种制备2-甲基-3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,在充满氮气的手套箱中,将催化剂(LA)8mg(0.02mmol,10.0mol%)、1mL四氢呋喃、频哪醇硼烷28.2mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)和2-甲基-3-苯基吡啶(1g)33.8mg(0.2mmol,1.0equiv)依次加入到8mL反应小瓶中,搅拌,在40℃下反应4小时,得到2-甲基-3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
其中,催化剂LA与实施例1相同,为B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3;
S2,体系冷却至室温,将69.5mg(0.22mmol,1.1equiv)1-(三氟甲基)-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮(2c)加入到上述反应小瓶中,在室温下反应1小时,得到2-甲基-3-苯基-1-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)-5-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢吡啶,反应式如下:
S3,体系冷却至室温,将反应小瓶移出手套箱,在空气中搅拌4小时,生成2-甲基-3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶(2-Methyl-3-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine)(3j),反应式如下:
反应完成后,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到产物2-甲基-3-苯基-5-三氟甲基吡啶,其为无色油,收率为55%。
产物表征如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.76(s,1H),7.74(s,1H),7.49-7.40(m,3H),7.34-7.29(m,2H),2.57(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ160.2,144.6(q,J=4.1Hz),138.4,137.0,134.1(q,J=3.4Hz),128.9,128.7,128.2,123.8(q,J=272.2Hz),124.3(q,J=32.9Hz),23.6.19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-62.10(s,CF3).HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C13H11F3N+(M+H)+:238.0838,Found:238.0839.
Claims (9)
1.一种制备间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,制备1,4-二氢吡啶或1,2-二氢吡啶:
在充满氮气的手套箱中,向反应瓶中加入催化剂、溶剂、频那醇硼烷和吡啶,搅拌,使其充分反应,得到二氢吡啶,其反应式如下:
其中:
所述催化剂为三芳基硼,其与吡啶的摩尔比为(5-10):100,其结构式为:B(R4)3,其中,R4为苯基、五氟苯基、3,5-二(三氟甲基)取代的苯基或2,4,6-三氟取代的苯基;
所述频那醇硼烷与吡啶的当量比为1.1:1;
所述溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二氧六环、1,2-二氯乙烷或芳香溶剂;
反应温度为40~100℃,反应时间为2~12小时;
S2,二氢吡啶的亲电取代反应:
向上述反应瓶中加入三氟甲硫基试剂、二氟甲硫基试剂或三氟甲基试剂,在氮气氛围中搅拌至反应结束,得到间位被三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的二氢吡啶,其反应式如下:
其中,反应温度为室温~80℃,反应时间为2~12小时;
S3,氧化芳构化得到间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或者三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物:
将上述反应瓶置于空气中或加入2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌,搅拌至完全反应,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,再进行柱层析分离,得到间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或者三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物,其反应式如下:
其中:
所述2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌与吡啶的当量比为1.5:1
反应温度为室温,反应时间为4~12小时;
在上述吡啶、二氢吡啶和间位三氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基或三氟甲基取代的吡啶化合物的结构式中,R1为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基;R2为氢、烷基、卤素、胺基、醚基、酯基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基;R3为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基或杂芳基取代基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述X-为BF4 -、TfO-、Cl-、Br-或I-。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R5为芳基或取代芳基。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R6为氢或氟。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R1为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基为呋喃基或噻吩基。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R2为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基为呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R2为卤素时,所述卤素为氯、溴、碘。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述R3为杂芳基时,所述杂芳基为呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基。
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