CN116000340A - Machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of gear box combined multi-stage boring - Google Patents
Machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of gear box combined multi-stage boring Download PDFInfo
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- CN116000340A CN116000340A CN202310029801.XA CN202310029801A CN116000340A CN 116000340 A CN116000340 A CN 116000340A CN 202310029801 A CN202310029801 A CN 202310029801A CN 116000340 A CN116000340 A CN 116000340A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of multi-stage boring of a gear box combination, wherein a flange surface is provided with a first coordinate origin, a high-speed shaft hole, a second hole and a third hole are subjected to rough boring, and a flat rotating disc is replaced; setting a second coordinate origin point on the high-speed shaft hole, boring the outer circle of the flange end surface, and retracting the flat rotating disc; the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out rough boring on a main hole, boring an outer circle of a flat rotating disc without reference on the rough boring main hole, boring the outer circle of the flat rotating disc under the correction condition of the flat rotating disc, at the moment, ensuring the coaxiality of the rough boring and the flange, and carrying out rough and finish boring on each hole at the rear cover end by using a rough boring coordinate system after rotating 180 degrees so as to ensure unification of the base holes of the two boring, improve the gap precision of the gear box and further improve the processing qualification rate of the gear box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of multi-stage boring of a gear box combination.
Background
The gear box is used as a common speed change device and applied to the vapor compressor, and the speed change transmission is carried out through gears on high-speed shafts and low-speed shafts, so that the accuracy of the size and the position of each hole of the gear box is high.
The gear box is mainly processed in a boring and milling machining center, a four-axis floor type boring and milling machining center is taken as an example for processing analysis, the machine tool belongs to a large machine tool, certain errors exist in spindle conversion, the general central errors fluctuate within the range of 0.04-0.08, when the workbench rotates 180 degrees, the center of a part is almost impossible to clamp on the center of the workbench because the gear box is a non-rotary part, and errors exist in clamping and part change during rotation. When the reverse side is bored and the flange is used, the coaxiality and the position degree corresponding to the bored hole can be greatly affected by the two errors. When boring, the machine tool has three axes which move in the boring direction, namely V\W\Z, and the three axes can independently move, so that certain included angles can exist between the axes in a certain range, and the coaxiality between holes can be influenced when the axes are not fixed to move. Under the influence of various factors, the accuracy of the gaps of the gear box is not easy to ensure, the qualification rate of the gear box is less than 50%, and the qualification rate is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for guaranteeing coaxiality of multi-stage boring of a gear box combination, and aims to solve the problem of low processing qualification rate of the existing gear box.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a processing method for guaranteeing coaxiality of multi-stage boring of a gear box combination, which comprises the following steps:
setting a positive base hole on the flange as a first coordinate origin, rough boring a high-speed shaft hole, a second hole and a third hole, and replacing a flat rotating disc;
correcting the high-speed shaft hole, setting the high-speed shaft hole as a second coordinate origin, boring the outer circle of the flange end surface, and retracting the flat rotating disc;
and correcting the high-speed shaft hole on the back surface, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong on the back surface, and processing a sinking table and a screw hole in the gear box after removing the cover.
The positive base hole on the flange is set as a first coordinate origin, the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole and the third hole are subjected to rough boring, and the specific mode of replacing the flat rotating disc is as follows:
aligning a flange towards a main shaft of a machine tool to form a base hole, and setting a first coordinate origin point of the positive base hole;
the flange surface is subjected to rough boring to form a high-speed shaft hole and a second hole;
boring a third hole according to the tolerance size, and replacing the flat rotating disk.
The specific mode of correcting the high-speed shaft hole, setting the high-speed shaft hole as a second coordinate origin, boring the outer circle of the flange end face, and returning the flat rotating disc is as follows:
calibrating the high-speed shaft hole by using a dial indicator, and setting the high-speed shaft hole as the second coordinate point;
boring the outer circle of the flange end face according to the tolerance dimension, and backing and replacing the flat rotating disc.
The reverse side is used for correcting the high-speed shaft hole, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong, and the concrete mode of processing the sinking table and the screw hole in the gear box after the cover is disassembled is as follows:
correcting the high-speed shaft hole by using the reverse side of the dial indicator;
reversely boring the high-speed shaft hole and the second hole according to the tolerance dimension;
boring the third hole and Yu Kong to tolerance dimensions;
and (5) processing a sinking table and screw holes in the gear box after removing the cover.
And the machine tool performs corresponding length compensation of the cutter by utilizing the V\Z\W three axes.
According to the machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of multi-stage boring of the gear box combination, a first coordinate origin is arranged on a flange surface, a high-speed shaft hole, a second hole and a third hole are bored roughly, and a flat rotating disc is replaced; setting a second coordinate origin point on the high-speed shaft hole, boring the outer circle of the flange end surface, and retracting the flat rotating disc; the method comprises the steps of correcting the high-speed shaft hole on the back surface, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong on the back surface, removing the cover, machining a sinking table and a screw hole in the gear box, re-defining the boring sequence, fixing a machine tool, using a shaft, correcting for the second time and the like to achieve the coaxiality required by holes and flanges at all levels, re-carding machining steps, boring holes and excircles required by the gear box at two ends of a part, respectively boring holes from two ends under the condition of using an ultra-long boring tool, firstly boring a main hole in a rough mode, boring the excircles of a flat rotating disc under the condition of correcting the flat rotating disc by using the main hole without reference, at the moment, ensuring the coaxiality of the rough boring holes and the flanges, rotating 180 degrees, then carrying out rough and finish boring on the holes at the back cover end by using a rough boring coordinate system to ensure the unification of the base holes of the two times, fixing the machine tool, in the machining process, because the lengths of the cutters are different, the length compensation of the cutters is often carried out by using a main shaft of a machine tool, the corresponding length compensation can be carried out by using a V\Z\W three shaft of the machine tool, a boring and milling machining center is used, the Z shaft is carried on a ram of the machine tool, the ram of the machine tool is square, when the ram stretches out for a certain length, the ram gravity can fall down to a certain extent in the Y direction, the falling amount is normally increased due to the stretching length of the ram, the length of the Z shaft is ensured to be unchanged in the boring process, the length compensation of the cutters is carried out by using a worktable V shaft to move back and forth, the boring is carried out by using the V shaft in the boring process, the W shaft has good rigidity when the spindle stretches out the shortest time, the W shaft is not used for boring under the unnecessary condition, the benefits of fixing the Z shaft and the W shaft are avoided, and the machining error caused by the existence of an included angle between the V shaft and the Z shaft can be avoided, the method can avoid factors such as machine tool precision and unstable environment temperature, improves consistency of product processing, and solves the problem of lower processing qualification rate of the existing gearbox.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a gearbox.
Figure 2 is a front view of the gear box.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a machine tool.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a flat spiral disc structure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of boring the high speed shaft bore and the second bore.
FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of boring the third hole.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of boring the outer circle of the flange end face.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bore from the rear face.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the lid drilling and milling of the interior hole after removal.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method of machining to ensure coaxiality of multiple bore holes of a gearbox assembly.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a processing method for ensuring coaxiality of multiple boring stages of a gear box assembly, comprising the following steps:
s1, a positive base hole on a flange is set as a first coordinate origin, a high-speed shaft hole, a second hole and a third hole are bored roughly, and a flat rotating disc is replaced;
the specific mode is as follows:
s11, aligning a flange towards a main shaft of a machine tool to form a base hole, and setting a first coordinate origin point of the positive base hole;
specifically, the flange aligns the base hole B towards the main shaft of the machine tool and sets a first coordinate origin 1, the machine tool can utilize the three axes v\z\w to compensate the corresponding length of the tool, the boring machining center is used, the Z axis is carried on the ram of the machine tool, the ram of the machine tool is square, when the ram stretches out for a certain length, a certain degree of falling occurs in the Y direction due to the gravity of the ram, and the falling amount is normally increased due to the stretching length of the ram, therefore, the length of the Z axis is ensured to be unchanged in the boring process, the worktable V axis is used for moving back and forth in the boring process, the boring is also used for moving the spindle when the tool compensates the length, the spindle has good rigidity when the spindle stretches out the shortest time, the boring is not used for boring the spindle under the unnecessary condition, the benefits of fixing the Z axis and the spindle are avoided, the machining error generated by the included angle between the V axis and the Z axis can be directly mounted on the boring tool, the boring machine tool can be used for automatically adjusting the turntable, the boring machine tool can be used for automatically, the boring machine tool can be used for controlling the size of the movable spindle and the boring machine tool, and the boring machine tool can be used for rotating along with the large-dimension of the boring axis, and the boring machine tool can be carried on the outer circle 360. When boring the gear box, the opposite boring does not need to carry out new clamping on the gear box, and when the gear box is placed and pressed, the ram of the machine can extend for equal length when boring two ends so as to counteract the gravity falling of the ram, and the gear box is arranged in the middle of the workbench as much as possible. When the zero point is aligned, the Z-axis zero point is preferentially fixed, and after the cutter is clamped on the main shaft, the V-axis pair cutter point is moved, and V0 is set.
S12, roughly boring a high-speed shaft hole and a second hole on the flange surface;
specifically, the high-speed shaft hole B and the second hole 2 and Kong Shanbian are subjected to rough boring from the flange surface, and the allowance is left for 0.5mm.
S13, boring a third hole according to the tolerance dimension, and replacing the flat rotating disc.
S2, correcting the high-speed shaft hole, setting the high-speed shaft hole as a second coordinate origin, boring the outer circle of the flange end face, and returning to the flat rotating disc;
the specific mode is as follows:
s21, correcting the high-speed shaft hole by using a dial indicator, and setting the high-speed shaft hole as the second coordinate point;
s22, boring the outer circle of the flange end face according to the tolerance dimension, and backing up and replacing the flat rotating disc.
Specifically, the tolerance dimensions: the high-speed shaft hole is not used as a basic hole, the position degree of the rest holes relative to the high-speed shaft hole is 0.02, and the coaxiality is 0.02.
S3, correcting the high-speed shaft hole on the back surface, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong on the back surface, and processing a sinking table and a screw hole in the gear box after removing the cover.
The specific mode is as follows:
s31, correcting the high-speed shaft hole by using the reverse side of the dial indicator;
s32, reversely boring the high-speed shaft hole and the second hole according to the tolerance dimension;
s33, boring the third hole and Yu Kong according to the tolerance size;
s34, after the cover is disassembled, a sinking table and screw holes in the gear box are machined.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the above-described embodiments may be implemented and equivalents thereof may be modified according to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A processing method for ensuring coaxiality of multi-stage boring of a gear box combination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting a positive base hole on the flange as a first coordinate origin, rough boring a high-speed shaft hole, a second hole and a third hole, and replacing a flat rotating disc;
correcting the high-speed shaft hole, setting the high-speed shaft hole as a second coordinate origin, boring the outer circle of the flange end surface, and retracting the flat rotating disc;
and correcting the high-speed shaft hole on the back surface, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong on the back surface, and processing a sinking table and a screw hole in the gear box after removing the cover.
2. A method of ensuring coaxiality of multiple bore holes in a gear box assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
the positive base hole on the flange is set as a first coordinate origin, the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole and the third hole are subjected to rough boring, and the specific mode of replacing the flat rotating disc is as follows:
aligning a flange towards a main shaft of a machine tool to form a base hole, and setting a first coordinate origin point of the positive base hole;
the flange surface is subjected to rough boring to form a high-speed shaft hole and a second hole;
boring a third hole according to the tolerance size, and replacing the flat rotating disk.
3. A method of ensuring coaxiality of multiple bore holes in a gear box assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
the high-speed shaft hole is calibrated, the high-speed shaft hole is set as a second coordinate origin, the excircle of the flange end face is bored, and the concrete mode of the flat rotating disc is returned:
calibrating the high-speed shaft hole by using a dial indicator, and setting the high-speed shaft hole as the second coordinate point;
boring the outer circle of the flange end face according to the tolerance dimension, and backing and replacing the flat rotating disc.
4. A method of ensuring coaxiality of multiple bore holes in a gear box assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
the back surface is used for correcting the high-speed shaft hole, boring the high-speed shaft hole, the second hole, the third hole and Yu Kong, and the concrete mode of processing the sinking table and the screw hole in the gear box after the cover is disassembled is as follows:
correcting the high-speed shaft hole by using the reverse side of the dial indicator;
reversely boring the high-speed shaft hole and the second hole according to the tolerance dimension;
boring the third hole and Yu Kong to tolerance dimensions;
and (5) processing a sinking table and screw holes in the gear box after removing the cover.
5. A method of ensuring coaxiality of multiple bore holes of a gear box assembly as set forth in claim 2, wherein,
the machine tool performs corresponding length compensation of the cutter by utilizing the V\Z\W three axes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310029801.XA CN116000340A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of gear box combined multi-stage boring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310029801.XA CN116000340A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Machining method for guaranteeing coaxiality of gear box combined multi-stage boring |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117564782A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 四川普什宁江机床有限公司 | Processing method of high-precision coaxial hole system |
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- 2023-01-09 CN CN202310029801.XA patent/CN116000340A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117564782A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 四川普什宁江机床有限公司 | Processing method of high-precision coaxial hole system |
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