CN115995606A

CN115995606A - Non-aqueous electrolyte of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery

Info

Publication number: CN115995606A
Application number: CN201910352094.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康媛媛; 曹宗泽; 邹贤帅; 周忠仓; 唐希武
Original assignee: Novolyte Battery Materials Suzhou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Novolyte Battery Materials Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-29
Filing date: 2019-04-29
Publication date: 2023-04-21

Abstract

In order to solve the problem that the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery in the prior art are not ideal, the invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte of the lithium ion battery, which comprises a compound shown in a structural formula 1,

wherein X is ₁ 、X ₂ Independently selected from sulfur-containing group, silicon-containing group, group containing nitrogen-containing group containing 1-4 carbon atoms or structure shown in formula 2, and at least one of the groups contains structure shown in formula 2, R ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ Each independently of the otherSelected from hydrogen, halogen atoms or groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a lithium ion battery adopting the non-aqueous electrolyte of the lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery adopting the nonaqueous electrolyte provided by the invention has excellent cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance in a high-voltage state, and meanwhile, the low-temperature performance is also very excellent.

Description

Non-aqueous electrolyte of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a non-aqueous electrolyte of a lithium ion battery and the lithium ion battery using the same.

Background

The lithium ion battery has been developed in the field of portable electronic products due to the characteristics of high working voltage, high safety, long service life, no memory effect and the like. With the development of new energy automobiles, the lithium ion battery has a huge application prospect in a power supply system for the new energy automobiles.

In a nonaqueous electrolyte lithium ion battery, a nonaqueous electrolyte is a key factor affecting high-low temperature performance of the battery, and in particular, an additive in the nonaqueous electrolyte is particularly important for the exertion of high-low temperature performance of the battery. In the initial charging process of the lithium ion battery, lithium ions in the positive electrode material of the battery are extracted and are inserted into the carbon negative electrode through the electrolyte. Due to its high reactivity, the electrolyte reacts on the surface of the carbon negative electrode to produce Li ₂ CO ₃ 、Li ₂ O, liOH, etc., thereby forming a passivation film on the surface of the negative electrode, which is called a solid electrolyte interface film (SEI). The SEI film formed in the initial charging process not only prevents the electrolyte from further decomposing on the surface of the carbon negative electrode, but also plays a role of lithium ion tunnel and only allows lithium ions to pass through. Therefore, the SEI film determines the performance of the lithium ion battery.

In order to improve various performances of lithium ion batteries, many researchers improve the quality of SEI films by adding different negative electrode film forming additives (such as vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate) to the electrolyte, thereby improving various performances of batteries. For example, it is proposed in the prior art to add fluoroalkyl ethylene carbonate-based substances to an electrolyte, but the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of a lithium ion battery in a high-pressure state after adding such substances are still insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of non-ideal cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of a lithium ion battery in a high-voltage state in the prior art, and provides a non-aqueous electrolyte of the lithium ion battery.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

provided is a nonaqueous electrolyte for a lithium ion battery, comprising a compound represented by structural formula 1,

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wherein X is ₁ 、X ₂ Independently selected from sulfur-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, nitrogen-containing groups, groups containing 1-4 carbon atoms, or structures represented by formula 2, and at least one of the structures represented by formula 2, R ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ Each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen atoms, or groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte provided by the invention contains the compound shown in the structural formula 1, the inventor speculates according to experimental results that the existence of the strong electricity-absorbing group in the compound shown in the structural formula 1 is more beneficial to the breakage of the group containing hetero atoms in the compound, the unsaturated bond group and the free radical formed after the breakage are more beneficial to the positive and negative electrode film forming, the unsaturated bond or the silicon oxygen group is simultaneously introduced into the X group, the impedance can be effectively reduced while the film is better formed, and the high-temperature performance and the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte are excellent.

Preferably, X ₁ 、X ₂ Independently selected from sulfonate, sulfate, carbonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, siloxane, cyano or a structure represented by structural formula 2, and at least one of the structures contains a structure represented by structural formula 2.

Preferably, X ₁ 、X ₂ Selected from sulfonate, sulfate, carbonyl, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, propenyl, propynyl, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, or the structure of formula 2, and at least one of which contains the structure of formula 2.

Preferably, the group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl

Preferably, R ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ Each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, ethynyl, propenyl, propynyl, fluorovinyl, fluoroethynyl, fluoropropynyl.

Preferably, the content of the compound shown in the structural formula 1 is 0.01% -5% relative to the total mass of the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte.

Preferably, the compound represented by structural formula 1 includes one or more of the following compounds 1 to 10:

preferably, the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises one or more of ethylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate;

and the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte also selectively comprises one or more than two of 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone and 1, 3-propylene sultone.

Preferably, the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises lithium salt and a nonaqueous organic solvent;

the lithium salt is selected from LiPF ₆ 、LiBF ₄ 、LiBOB、LiF ₂ PO ₂ 、LiDFOB、LiSbF ₆ 、LiAsF ₆ 、LiN(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ 、LiN(SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ 、LiC(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₃ Or LiN (SO) ₂ F) ₂ One or two or more of them;

the non-aqueous organic solvent is a mixture of cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate, wherein the cyclic carbonate is selected from one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate or butylene carbonate, and the chain carbonate is selected from one or more of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate or methyl propyl carbonate.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte of the lithium ion battery.

Preferably, the active material of the positive electrode is selected from LiCoO ₂ 、LiNiO ₂ 、LiMn ₂ O ₄ 、LiCo _1-y M _y O ₂ 、LiNi _1- _y M _y O ₂ 、LiMn _2-y M _y O ₄ And LiNi _x Co _y Mn _z M _1-x-y-z O ₂ Wherein M is one or more selected from Fe, co, ni, mn, mg, cu, zn, al, sn, B, ga, cr, sr, V or Ti, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, z is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and x+y+z is more than or equal to 1.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the active material of the positive electrode is selected from LiFe _1-x M _x PO4, wherein M is selected from one or more than two of Mn, mg, co, ni, cu, zn, al, sn, B, ga, cr, sr, V or Ti, and x is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte provided by the invention comprises a compound shown in a structural formula 1,

The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte contains the compound shown in the structural formula 1, and the compound 1 has obvious positive electrode protection effect, can effectively inhibit the damage of a positive electrode material structure, and also inhibits the catalytic decomposition reaction of metal ions on the electrolyte and the damage effect on a negative electrode passivation film. In the full-power storage process, the side reaction between the positive electrode material and the electrolyte under high voltage can be effectively reduced, so that the storage performance of the lithium ion battery under high voltage is improved. Meanwhile, the cathode has a good film forming effect and has little influence on film resistance, so that the stability of the cathode in the recycling process is improved, and the recycling performance is improved.

The manner in which the compound of formula 1 is prepared is conceivable by those skilled in the art of organic synthesis in view of the structure of formula 1, for example,

the method is characterized in that alkali is used as an acid binding agent, diethyl-2-hydroxyethyl phosphate reacts with chlorosulfonate to generate a sulfate compound, and the sulfate compound is prepared by recrystallization or column chromatography purification. The synthetic route is exemplified as follows:

Preferably, X ₁ 、X ₂ Selected from sulfonate, sulfate, carbonyl, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, propenyl, propynyl, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, or the structure of formula 2, and at least oneEach contains a structure represented by structural formula 2.

R ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ Each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen atoms, or groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

In the case of R ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ In the case where each is independently selected from a group containing carbon atoms, it is advantageous to control the number of carbon atoms to 4 or less (including 4), preferably 4 or less. The number of carbon atoms is controlled below 4, so that the impedance of the battery can be reduced, and the high-temperature performance and the low-temperature performance are both considered; however, if a group containing carbon atoms having 5 or more carbon atoms is selected as a substituent, the resistance of the battery is increased, and the high-temperature performance and the low-temperature performance of the battery are adversely affected, so that the group containing carbon atoms having 5 or more carbon atoms is not selected as a substituent in the present invention. In the present invention, the alternative group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferably an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a haloalkyl group, a haloalkenyl group, a haloalkynyl group.

Controlling the content of the compound represented by structural formula 1 in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution has an advantageous effect on further optimization of high-pressure performance, high-temperature performance and low-temperature performance. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of the compound represented by structural formula 1 is 0.01% to 5% relative to the total mass of the nonaqueous electrolyte solution of the lithium ion battery. When the content is less than 0.01%, the passivation film is unfavorable to be formed on the surface of the negative electrode sufficiently, so that the high-temperature and low-temperature performances of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery are unfavorable to be improved sufficiently, and when the content exceeds 5.0%, the thicker passivation film is formed on the surface of the negative electrode, and the internal resistance of the battery is increased, so that the battery performance is reduced. The research shows that the content of the compound shown in the structural formula 1 is less than 0.01% or more than 5% relative to the total mass of the nonaqueous electrolyte of the lithium ion battery, and compared with the content in the range of 0.01% -5%, the high-temperature performance and the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery are reduced to different degrees, which proves that the control of the content of the compound shown in the structural formula 1 in the nonaqueous electrolyte is of positive significance.

preferably, the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises one or more of ethylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate.

Preferably, the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further optionally comprises one or more of 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone and 1, 3-propylene sultone.

The additives can form a more stable SEI film on the surface of a graphite negative electrode, so that the cycle performance of the lithium ion battery is remarkably improved. These additives may be added in the amounts usual in the art, for example, 0.01% to 5%, preferably 0.1% to 3%, more preferably 0.5% to 2% relative to the total mass of the electrolyte.

It has been found that the compound of formula 1 of the present invention can achieve more excellent effects than when used alone in combination with the above additives, presumably by synergistic action, i.e., the compound of formula 1 and the above additives together improve the cycle performance, high-temperature storage and/or low-temperature performance of the battery in a high-voltage state by synergistic action.

Preferably, the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises a lithium salt and a nonaqueous organic solvent.

The lithium salt is selected from LiPF ₆ 、LiBF ₄ 、LiBOB、LiDFOB、LiF ₂ PO ₂ 、LiSbF ₆ 、LiAsF ₆ 、LiN(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ 、LiN(SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ 、LiC(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₃ Or LiN (SO) ₂ F) ₂ One or two or more of them. The lithium salt is preferably LiPF ₆ Or LiPF ₆ Mixtures with other lithium salts.

The non-aqueous organic solvent is a mixture of cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate, wherein the cyclic carbonate is selected from one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate or butylene carbonate, and the chain carbonate is selected from one or more of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate or methyl propyl carbonate. The mixed solution of the cyclic carbonate organic solvent with high dielectric constant and the chain carbonate organic solvent with low viscosity is used as the solvent of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, so that the mixed solution of the organic solvent has high ionic conductivity, high dielectric constant and low viscosity.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

This example is for explaining the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte and the lithium ion battery disclosed in the present invention.

1) Preparation of electrolyte

Mixing Ethylene Carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) according to the mass ratio of EC: DEC: EMC=1:1:1, and then adding lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) ₆ ) To a molar concentration of 1mol/L, 1% of compound 1 (note: compound 1 is compound 1 in table 1, and the following examples are similar).

2) Preparation of positive plate

Mixing anode active material lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide LiNi according to the mass ratio of 93:4:3 _0.5 Co _0.2 Mn _0.3 O ₂ Conductive carbon black Super-P and a binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are then dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to obtain a positive electrode slurry. The slurry is evenly coated on two sides of an aluminum foil, and the positive plate is obtained after drying, calendaring and vacuum drying, and an aluminum outgoing line is welded by an ultrasonic welder, and the thickness of the positive plate is 120-150 mu m.

3) Preparation of negative plate

The negative electrode active material artificial graphite, conductive carbon black Super-P, binder Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were mixed in a mass ratio of 94:1:2.5:2.5, and then dispersed in deionized water to obtain a negative electrode slurry. Coating the slurry on two sides of a copper foil, drying, calendaring and vacuum drying, and welding a nickel lead-out wire by an ultrasonic welder to obtain a negative plate, wherein the thickness of the negative plate is 120-150 mu m.

4) Preparation of the cell

And placing a three-layer isolating film with the thickness of 20 mu m between the positive plate and the negative plate, winding a sandwich structure formed by the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm, flattening the winding body, putting into an aluminum foil packaging bag, and baking for 48 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃ in vacuum to obtain the battery cell to be injected with the liquid.

5) Injection and formation of battery cell

In a glove box with the dew point controlled below-40 ℃, the prepared electrolyte is injected into a battery cell, and the battery cell is subjected to vacuum packaging and is kept for 24 hours.

Then the first charge is conventionally formed by the following steps: and (3) charging at 0.05C constant current for 180min, charging at 0.2C constant current to 3.95V, sealing in vacuum for the second time, charging at 0.2C constant current to 4.2V, and discharging at 0.2C constant current to 3.0V after standing at normal temperature for 24 hr.

6) High temperature cycle performance test

The battery is placed in an oven with constant temperature of 45 ℃, is charged to 4.5V at a constant current of 1C and then is charged at a constant voltage until the current is reduced to 0.02C, and is discharged to 3.0V at a constant current of 1C, and the battery is circulated in such a way that the discharge capacity of the 1 st circle and the discharge capacity of the last circle are recorded, and the capacity retention rate of the high-temperature circulation is calculated according to the following formula:

capacity retention = last cycle discharge capacity/1 st cycle discharge capacity × 100%

7) High temperature storage Performance test

And (3) charging the formed battery to 4.2V at normal temperature with a constant current and constant voltage of 1C, measuring the initial discharge capacity and the initial battery thickness of the battery, then storing for 30 days at 60 ℃, discharging to 3V with 1C, and measuring the holding capacity and the recovery capacity of the battery and the thickness of the battery after storage. The calculation formula is as follows:

battery capacity retention (%) =retention capacity/initial capacity×100%;

battery capacity recovery rate (%) =recovery capacity/initial capacity×100%;

thickness expansion ratio (%) = (cell thickness after storage-initial cell thickness)/initial cell thickness×100%.

8) Low temperature performance test

The formed battery was charged to 4.2V with a constant current and constant voltage of 1C at 25 ℃, and then discharged to 3.0V with a constant current of 1C, and the discharge capacity was recorded. Then, 1C constant current and constant voltage are charged to 4.2V, and after being placed in an environment of minus 20 ℃ for 12 hours, 0.2C constant current is discharged to 3.0V, and the discharge capacity is recorded.

-low temperature discharge efficiency value at 20 ℃ = 0.2C discharge capacity (-20 ℃)/1C discharge capacity (25 ℃) ×100%.

Example 2

As shown in table 1, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 2, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of compound 3 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 3

As shown in table 1, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 2, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of compound 6 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 4

As shown in table 1, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 2, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of compound 8 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 5

As shown in table 1, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 2, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of compound 9 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Comparative example 1

As shown in table 1, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 2, except that 1% of compound 1 was not added in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Comparative example 2

As shown in table 2, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 3, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of VC in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Comparative example 3

As shown in table 2, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 3, except that 1% of compound 1 was replaced with 1% of FEC in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Comparative example 4

As shown in table 2, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 3, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 1% of DTD in the preparation of the electrolyte.

TABLE 1

Examples/comparative examples	Compound shown in structural formula 1 and content thereof	Additive and content
			Example 1	Compound 1:1%
Example 2	Compound 3:1%
			Example 3	Compound 6:1%
Example 4	Compound 8:1%
			Example 5	Compound 9:1%
Comparative example 1	-	-
			Comparative example 2	-	VC:1％
Comparative example 3	-	FEC:1％
			Comparative example 4	-	DTD:1％

TABLE 2

From the results in table 2, it is shown that the addition of 1% of compound 1, compound 3, compound 6, compound 8 or compound 9 to the nonaqueous electrolytic solution can significantly improve the high-temperature performance and low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery as compared with the addition of no additive or conventional additive. The lithium ion battery containing the electrolyte for the lithium ion battery has excellent low-temperature discharge efficiency of more than 80 percent and excellent circulation and high-temperature storage efficiency in a high-voltage state of more than 85 percent; further, it was confirmed that the thickness increase rate of the battery was significantly low (2 to 6.5%) when the battery was held at high temperature for a long period of time.

Example 6

As shown in table 3, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 4, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 0.1% of compound 1 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 7

As shown in table 3, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 4, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 2% of compound 1 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 8

As shown in table 3, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 4, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 3% of compound 1 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 9

As shown in table 3, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 4, except that 1% of compound 1 was changed to 5% of compound 1 in the preparation of the electrolyte.

TABLE 3 Table 3

Examples/comparative examples	Compound shown in structural formula 1 and content thereof
		Example 6	Compound 1:0.1%
Example 7	Compound 1:2%
		Example 8	Compound 1:3%
Example 9	Compound 1:5%

TABLE 4 Table 4

Example 10

As shown in table 5, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 6, which are the same as those of example 3 except that 1% of FEC was additionally added in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 11

As shown in table 5, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 6, which are the same as those of example 3 except that 1% of VC was additionally added in the preparation of the electrolyte.

Example 12

As shown in table 5, the data of the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance obtained by the test are shown in table 6, which are the same as those of example 3 except that 1% DTD was additionally added in the preparation of the electrolyte.

TABLE 5

TABLE 6

The results show that the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance can be further improved by further adding an additive (FEC, VC or DTD) on the basis of the compound represented by structural formula 1 of the present invention. Alternatively, the compound of the present invention represented by the structural formula 1 can be further added to the existing additive (FEC, VC or DTD) to further improve high temperature performance and low temperature performance.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. A lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte is characterized by comprising a compound shown in a structural formula 1,

2. The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein X is ₁ 、X ₂ Independently selected from sulfonate, sulfate, carbonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, siloxane, cyano or a structure represented by structural formula 2, and at least one of the structures contains a structure represented by structural formula 2.

3. The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein X is ₁ 、X ₂ Selected from sulfonate, sulfate, carbonyl, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, propenyl, propynyl, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, or the structure of formula 2, and at least one of which contains the structure of formula 2.

4. A lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl.

5. According to claim4, wherein R is the following formula ₁ 、R ₂ 、R ₃ Each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, ethynyl, propenyl, propynyl, fluorovinyl, fluoroethynyl, fluoropropynyl.

6. The nonaqueous electrolyte for lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein the content of the compound represented by structural formula 1 is 0.01% to 5% relative to the total mass of the nonaqueous electrolyte for lithium ion batteries.

7. The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, 6, wherein the compound represented by structural formula 1 comprises one or more of the following compounds 1 to 10:

8. the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, and 6, wherein the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises one or more of vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and fluoroethylene carbonate;

9. The lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises a lithium salt and a nonaqueous organic solvent;

the lithium salt is selected from LiPF ₆ 、LiBF ₄ 、LiBOB、LiDFOB、LiF ₂ PO ₂ 、LiSbF ₆ 、LiAsF ₆ 、LiN(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ 、LiN(SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ 、LiC(SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₃ Or LiN (SO) ₂ F) ₂ One or two or more of them;

10. A lithium ion battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, characterized by further comprising the lithium ion battery nonaqueous electrolyte of any one of claims 1 to 9.