CN115993325A - Polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity and design method - Google Patents
Polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity and design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a polarization-spectrum image sensor for food maturity identification and a design method thereof, wherein the image sensor comprises a pixel photosensitive unit and a light splitting structure; the pixel photosensitive unit comprises a plurality of pixel photosensitive parts; the spectral structure comprises filter structures corresponding to the pixel photosensitive parts one by one, each spectral structure comprises a plurality of periods, each period comprises 3*3 filter structures, each period comprises 4 polarization filter structures and 5 spectrum filter structures which are arranged randomly and have different polarization directions, and the spectrum filter structures are used for detecting spectrum characteristics of foods before and after maturation. According to the invention, the spectrum imaging sensor is adopted to detect the food maturity in a non-contact detection mode, so that the food morphology and safety and sanitation are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of image sensors, and particularly relates to a polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity and a design method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of intelligent home and the Internet of things, the detection requirement of the intelligent home appliance field on non-contact detection is increasingly urgent. The non-contact maturity detection for household food processing can assist people in cooking, and provides convenience for life.
In addition, meat foods such as drumsticks are important food materials in the life of people, and the meat foods are immature in processing, easy to carry various germs and too mature to influence the taste, so that the detection of the household maturity is very important.
The existing multi-purpose probe type food thermometer for detecting the food maturity is a contact type detection. The contact detection damages the surface morphology of the food, influences the cooking effect and is unsafe and sanitary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that food surface morphology, insanitation and the like can be damaged by adopting contact detection to detect food maturity in the prior art, the invention provides a polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity and a design method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity, which comprises a pixel photosensitive unit and a light splitting structure; the pixel photosensitive unit comprises a plurality of pixel photosensitive parts; the spectral structure comprises filter structures corresponding to the pixel photosensitive parts one by one, each spectral structure comprises a plurality of periods, each period comprises 3*3 filter structures, each period comprises 4 polarization filter structures and 5 spectrum filter structures which are arranged randomly and have different polarization directions, and the spectrum filter structures are used for detecting spectrum characteristics of foods before and after maturation.
Further, the spectrum filtering structure comprises at least one wide spectrum filtering film structure, and the rest is a narrow band filtering film structure.
Further, the spectral filtering structure comprises 1 wide-spectrum filtering film structure and 4 narrow-band filtering film structures.
Further, the spectrum range of the wide-spectrum filtering film structure is the characteristic spectrum range before and after food maturation; the center wavelength of the spectrum of the narrow-band filtering film structure is dispersed in the characteristic spectrum ranges before and after food maturation.
Further, the wide-spectrum filtering film structure is a band-pass wide-spectrum filtering structure.
Further, the narrow-band filtering film structure is an FP cavity structure.
Further, a matching layer is arranged between the FP cavity structure and the pixel photosensitive unit, the matching layer is integrally deposited and grown on the pixel photosensitive unit, and the FP cavity structure is integrally deposited and grown on the matching layer.
Further, a transition layer and a cut-off filter film are arranged on the FP cavity structure, the transition layer is integrally deposited and grown on the FP cavity structure, and the cut-off filter film is integrally deposited and grown on the transition layer.
Further, the cut-off filter film comprises at least one layer, when the cut-off filter film has multiple layers, the multiple layers of cut-off filter films cut off different interference wave bands respectively, the lowest layer of cut-off filter film is integrally deposited and grown on the transition layer, and the multiple layers of cut-off filter films are fixedly bonded.
Further, the 4 polarization filtering structures are distributed at four corners of each period.
Further, a band-pass broad spectrum filtering structure is distributed in the center of each period, and the rest positions are narrow-band filtering film structures.
Further, the polarization filtering structure is a four-quadrant wire grid structure, and the 4 polarization directions are 0 °,45 °,90 °,135 ° respectively.
Further, the pixel photosensitive unit of the integrated growth light splitting structure is used as a spectrum imaging chip, the image sensor further comprises an imaging lens, a data acquisition and processing module and a man-machine interaction module, the imaging lens is arranged in the light incidence direction of the spectrum imaging chip, and the spectrum imaging chip is connected with the data acquisition and processing module and the man-machine interaction module; the data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring image data and judging the maturity, and the man-machine interaction module is used for sending out instructions to control the spectrum imaging chip to acquire images and sending the maturity information to the user side in real time.
Further, the man-machine interaction module adopts WIFI to carry out wireless communication, an operating system of the image sensor is connected with the APP special for the mobile phone, and the instruction is sent and the food maturation information is received through the mobile phone.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the food maturity by using the polarization-spectrum image sensor, which comprises the following steps of
Fixing the image sensor at a cooking place, and aligning the lens to the cooking food;
controlling an image sensor to acquire spectrum images at fixed time intervals;
collecting spectrum information and polarization information of a spectrum image, eliminating smoke interference through the polarization information, and judging whether food is mature or not by comparing the collected spectrum information with spectrum information of mature food;
if the food material is not mature, deleting the spectral image to continue to collect, and if the food material is mature, outputting food maturation information.
The invention also provides a design method of the polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying the food maturity, which comprises
Determining the characteristic spectrum ranges before and after food maturation;
designing at least one spectrum filtering structure as a wide spectrum filtering film structure, wherein the spectrum range of the wide spectrum filtering film structure covers the characteristic spectrum range;
designing other spectrum filtering structures as narrow-band filtering film structures, wherein the central wavelengths of the spectrum sections of the narrow-band filtering film structures are dispersed in the characteristic spectrum range;
and setting the positions of the polarization filtering structure and the spectrum filtering structure according to the target identification requirement.
Further, when the method is used for identifying the maturity of the drumsticks, the characteristic spectrum range of the mature drumsticks and the raw drumsticks is 600-850nm; the center of each period of the light-splitting structure is 600-850nm of band-pass wide-spectrum filtering structure, four angles are respectively 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees of polarized filtering structure, and the rest positions are 600-850nm of narrow-band filtering structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the polarization-spectrum image sensor for food maturity identification provided by the invention acquires the maturity state of food in cooking in real time by adopting a non-contact method, assists a user to achieve an optimal food processing effect, improves the life quality of people and ensures the food sanitation and safety.
The spectral imaging sensor has small volume, light weight and low mass production cost based on advanced semiconductor technology, and can meet daily household requirements.
The polarization-spectrum image sensor is suitable for real-time detection of the processing maturity of household foods, and is especially used for detecting the maturity of drumsticks foods in cooking.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-period filtering structure of a spectroscopic structure of a polarization-spectral imaging sensor for identifying food maturity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a spectral signature of a pre-mature and post-mature drumstick provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein region 1 is a mature drumstick and region 2 is a raw drumstick;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of spectral leakage outside the effective spectrum range of the FP cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition, including a pixel photosensitive unit and a spectroscopic structure; the pixel photosensitive unit comprises a plurality of pixel photosensitive parts; the light splitting structure comprises filter structures which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel photosensitive parts, each light splitting structure comprises a plurality of periods, each period comprises 3*3 filter structures, each period comprises 4 polarization filter structures and 5 spectrum filter structures which are arranged randomly and have different polarization directions, the polarization filter structures are used for detecting polarization characteristics of food before and after maturation, and the spectrum filter structures are used for detecting spectrum characteristics of food before and after maturation. The sensor adopts a 3*3 periodic pixel-level light-splitting structure, can simultaneously acquire image information, spectrum information and polarization information of a target, and can rapidly detect the maturity of typical foods. The household polarization-spectrum image sensor has small volume, and can be used for identifying food maturity, such as roast chicken leg maturity.
As a second embodiment of the present invention, the difference from the first embodiment is that the spectrum filtering structure includes at least one wide spectrum filtering film structure, and the rest is a narrow band filtering film structure. The narrow-band information of the effective spectrum range is calculated by the wide-spectrum filtering film structure and the narrow-band filtering film structure together, so that the problem of spectrum leakage outside the effective spectrum range is avoided.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the second embodiment is that the spectral filter structure includes 1 wide-spectrum filter film structure and 4 narrow-band filter film structures. The most narrow-band filtering spectrum information and 1 broad-spectrum filtering information are combined, so that the spectrum leakage problem is solved, and more narrow-band spectrum information is extracted.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the difference from the third embodiment is that the spectral range of the wide-spectrum filtering film structure is the characteristic spectral range before and after food maturation; the center wavelength of the spectrum of the narrow-band filtering film structure is dispersed in the characteristic spectrum ranges before and after food maturation. For the characteristic spectrum ranges before and after different foods are ripe, a wide spectrum filtering range is determined, and meanwhile, the narrow-band filtering spectrum is dispersed in the characteristic spectrum range, so that the detection accuracy can be effectively improved.
As a fifth embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the fourth embodiment is that the wide-spectrum filter film structure is a band-pass wide-spectrum filter structure. The characteristic spectrum range required by identification can be accurately obtained by adopting the band-pass broad spectrum filtering structure.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the fourth embodiment is that the narrow-band filtering film structure is an FP cavity structure. The FP cavity structure can obtain good narrow-band spectrum information, and the process is mature and convenient to prepare.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the sixth embodiment is that a matching layer is further included between the FP cavity structure and the pixel photosensitive unit, the matching layer is integrally deposited and grown on the pixel photosensitive unit, and the FP cavity structure is integrally deposited and grown on the matching layer. Because the FP chamber narrowband filter film is in the growth in-process, the difference of the refractive index of the film layer material is great with the pixel sensitization unit material of spectrum imaging chip, and direct growth can lead to refractive index mismatch, and the central wavelength transmissivity drops, can lead to spectrum imaging system quantum inefficiency, influences imaging effect, consequently through setting up the matching layer between pixel sensitization unit and narrowband filter film, can effectively overcome refractive index mismatch, the problem that the central wavelength transmissivity drops, effectively improves the central wavelength transmissivity of spectrum imaging chip structure. The matching layer may transition the optical admittance between the pixel photosensitive cell and its externally grown film-based structure to increase the center wavelength peak transmittance.
The matching layer comprises a layer of low refractive index material or a layer of high refractive index material and low refractive index material deposited. The high refractive index material is Ta 2 O 5 、Ti 3 O 5 、TiO 2 、Si 3 N 4 Or Nb (Nb) 2 O 5 At least one of the materials with low refractive index is SiO 2 、MgF 2 Al and 2 O 3 at least one of them.
It should be noted that, a growth matching layer may also be integrally deposited on the FP cavity structure, where the externally grown matching layer is used to improve the central wavelength peak transmittance of the spectral imaging chip structure. The matching layers are respectively arranged on the substrate side and the air side, and the half-wave width is changed when the transmittance of the filter is improved due to the addition of the matching layers at the two positions. The half wave width can be reduced by adding the matching layer on the substrate side, and the half wave width can be improved by adding the matching layer on the air side. In order to make the bandwidth of adding the matching layer close to that of not adding the matching layer, the matching layer can be added at the same time on the substrate side and the air side, so that the half-wave width can be ensured to be unchanged. When two matching layers are adopted, the film system structure of the substrate side matching layer comprises HL or LHL, the film system structure of the corresponding air side matching layer is LHL or LH, H is a high-refractive-index material, and L is a low-refractive-index material.
As a specific embodiment eight of the present invention, a transition layer and a cut-off filter film are further included on the FP cavity structure, the transition layer is integrally deposited and grown on the FP cavity structure, and the cut-off filter film is integrally deposited and grown on the transition layer. According to the spectrum imaging chip structure, the transition layer and the cut-off filter film are integrally deposited and grown on the FP cavity narrow-band filter film, gaps are avoided among the cut-off filter film, the transition layer and the narrow-band filter film, the spectrum transmittance is high, the energy loss is reduced, the one-step preparation process is integrally formed, the structure is not polluted by external environment, the firmness is better, and the preparation efficiency and the integration level are higher. Meanwhile, the peak transmittance of the spectrum imaging chip structure can be effectively improved by introducing the transition layer.
The transition layer is used for transiting the FP cavity structure and the cut-off filter film, and is prepared by adopting low-refractive-index material deposition, wherein the low-refractive-index material comprises at least one of SiO2, mgF2 and Al2O 3.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the eighth embodiment is that the cut-off filter film includes at least one layer, and when the cut-off filter film has a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers of cut-off filter films are used to cut off different interference bands, and the plurality of layers of cut-off filter films are bonded and fixed. The first layer of cut-off filter film integrally deposits and grows on the transition layer, and follow-up layers of cut-off filter films are attached to the previous layer of cut-off filter film, so that the processing technology can be effectively simplified, and the cut-off range of an interference wave band can be widened.
The cut-off filter film can be prepared by alternately depositing high-refractive-index materials and low-refractive-index materials. The high refractive index materials of the cut-off filter film all comprise Ta 2 O 5 、Ti 3 O 5 、TiO 2 、Si 3 N 4 Or Nb (Nb) 2 O 5 At least one of the low refractive index materials of the cut-off filter film comprises SiO 2 、MgF 2 And Al 2 O 3 At least one of them.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a difference from the first embodiment is that 4 polarization filter structures are distributed at four corners of each period. The polarization information obtained by the structure is adjacent to the spectrum information, so that subsequent analysis and calculation are facilitated, and after a plurality of periods are sequentially arranged, 4 polarization filter structures in different directions are adjacent, so that the preparation process is simplified.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the difference from embodiment ten is that the center of each period is a band-pass wide-spectrum filter structure, and the remaining four positions are narrowband filter film structures. The band-pass broad spectrum filtering structure at the center of the structure is adjacent to the four narrow-band filtering film structures, so that information calculation is facilitated.
As a specific embodiment twelve of the present invention, a difference from the first embodiment is that the polarization filtering structure is a four-quadrant wire grid structure, and the 4 polarization directions are 0 °,45 °,90 °,135 °, respectively. The polarization information in the four directions is combined to form complete polarization information of the target, and other types of polarization filtering structures are derivative-changed based on four-quadrant polarization. The four-quadrant wire grid has a simple structure, can be prepared by adopting a film, has a mature preparation process, and can comprehensively collect target polarization information. The four-quadrant polarization filtering structure adopts 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree angles to obtain transmission polarized light, and the polarization angle of incident light in the period is calculated according to Stokes formula. The polarized image is subjected to non-uniformity correction and interpolation calculation, so that the environment smoke interference can be resisted to a certain extent, the image quality is improved, and the oil smoke interference can be effectively avoided in cooking.
As a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, a polarization-spectral image sensor suitable for detection of processing maturity of a chicken leg is provided, which can be used for identification of the maturity of a roast chicken leg. The 3*3 structure is used for arranging the polarized filter structures in four directions of 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree at four angular positions of a single period, the single period center is a 600-850nm band-pass broad spectrum filter structure, and the other four pixel photosensitive parts are narrow-band filter pixels in the pixel range of 600-850 nm.
In this embodiment, the light splitting structure takes 3*3 filter structures as a period to form a spectrum imaging chip structure with pixel-level spectrum modulation and polarization modulation, each pixel corresponds to a filter structure individually, and single period arrangement is shown in fig. 1. The visible-near infrared 600-850nm before and after the maturation of the drumsticks is the characteristic spectrum range. The roast chicken leg is taken as a typical food, the spectral characteristics of the mature chicken leg and the raw chicken leg are shown in figure 2, and the spectral characteristics in the range of 600-850nm can be utilized to identify and distinguish the chicken leg in the mature state from the raw chicken leg. Based on the above, the effective spectrum range of the image sensor is 600-850nm, the spectrum 1-spectrum 4 is a narrow-band filtering spectrum between 600-850nm, the image sensor is composed of an FP cavity structure interference film system, the center is a 600-850nm band-pass interference film system, the image sensor is used for calculating narrow-band information of the effective spectrum range together with the spectrum 1-spectrum 4, and spectrum leakage outside the effective spectrum range caused by the FP cavity film system in the spectrum 1-spectrum 4 is removed. The spectrum leakage phenomenon, as shown in fig. 3, that is, the phenomenon that incident light is totally transmitted outside the effective spectrum range, can greatly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, 600-850nm band-pass spectrum information needs to be acquired, and typical food spectral characteristics are calculated and inverted by 4 pieces of narrowband spectrum information and band-pass spectrum information together. The four-quadrant polarization filter pixel adopts a four-angle polarization filter structure with the angle of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees to obtain four-angle transmission polarized light, and the polarization angle of incident light in the period is calculated according to a Stokes formula. The polarized image is subjected to non-uniformity correction and interpolation calculation, so that the environment smoke interference can be resisted to a certain extent, the image quality is improved, and the oil smoke interference can be effectively avoided in cooking.
As a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, a miniaturized portable image sensor is provided, which is different from the first embodiment in that the polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity further includes an imaging lens, a data acquisition and processing module, and a man-machine interaction module. Taking a pixel photosensitive unit of an integrated growth light-splitting structure as a spectrum imaging chip, wherein an imaging lens is arranged in the light incidence direction of the spectrum imaging chip, and the spectrum imaging chip is connected with a data acquisition and processing module and a human-computer interaction module; the imaging lens is used for protecting the spectrum imaging chip; the data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring image data and judging the maturity (extracting spectral information according to the acquired spectral image, comparing the spectral information with the spectral information of the mature food, and judging whether the food is mature or not); the man-machine interaction module is used for sending out an instruction to control the spectrum imaging chip to acquire images and sending the maturity information to the user side in real time. The device can realize the real-time supervision of food maturity.
The man-machine interaction module can adopt WIFI to carry out wireless communication, the image sensor operating system is connected with the APP special for the mobile phone, and the instruction is sent and the food maturation information is received through the mobile phone.
As a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a monitoring method of a polarization-spectroscopic image sensor for food maturity recognition, including the steps of:
(1) Fixing the image sensor at a cooking place, and aligning the lens to the cooking food;
(2) Controlling an image sensor to acquire spectrum images at fixed time intervals;
(3) Collecting spectrum information and polarization information of a spectrum image, eliminating smoke interference through the polarization information, and judging whether food is mature or not by comparing the collected spectrum information with spectrum information of mature food;
(4) If the food material is not mature, deleting the spectral image to continue to collect, and if the food material is mature, outputting food maturation information.
For example, the miniaturized portable image sensor is fixed at a cooking place, the lens is aligned with the cooking food materials, the image sensor sends out instructions through the man-machine interaction module, the food materials in the target scene are monitored in real time, if spectral imaging data are shot every 1s, the data are judged by the data acquisition and processing module, if the food materials are immature, the spectral imaging data are deleted to continue shooting, if the food materials are mature, the data acquisition and processing module outputs food maturation information, and a user is reminded.
As a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for designing a polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition, comprising first determining characteristic spectral ranges before and after food maturity; secondly, designing at least one spectrum filtering structure as a wide spectrum filtering film structure, wherein the spectrum range of the wide spectrum filtering film structure covers the characteristic spectrum range; then designing other spectrum filtering structures as narrow-band filtering film structures, wherein the central wavelengths of the spectrum sections of the narrow-band filtering film structures are dispersed in the characteristic spectrum range; and finally, setting the positions of a polarization filtering structure and a spectrum filtering structure according to the target identification requirement. By the method, special image sensors for identifying the maturity of different foods can be designed.
According to the invention, the spectral imaging sensor is used for detecting the food maturity, is small in size and light in weight, is low in mass production cost based on an advanced semiconductor technology, acquires target information through non-contact spectral detection, and can be used for detecting the food maturity of household intelligent cooking.
Features that are described and/or illustrated above with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.
The many features and advantages of the embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is not described in detail in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (17)
1. The polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying the food maturity is characterized by comprising a pixel photosensitive unit and a light splitting structure; the pixel photosensitive unit comprises a plurality of pixel photosensitive parts; the spectral structure comprises filter structures corresponding to the pixel photosensitive parts one by one, each spectral structure comprises a plurality of periods, each period comprises 3*3 filter structures, each period comprises 4 polarization filter structures and 5 spectrum filter structures which are arranged randomly and have different polarization directions, and the spectrum filter structures are used for detecting spectrum characteristics of foods before and after maturation.
2. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity identification of claim 1, wherein said spectral filtering structure comprises at least one broad spectrum filtering film structure, the remainder being narrow band filtering film structures.
3. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity identification of claim 2, wherein said spectral filtering structure comprises 1 broad spectrum filtering film structure and 4 narrow band filtering film structures.
4. A polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said broad spectrum filtering film structure spectral range is the characteristic spectral range before and after food maturity; the center wavelength of the spectrum of the narrow-band filtering film structure is dispersed in the characteristic spectrum ranges before and after food maturation.
5. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 4, wherein said broad spectrum filtering thin film structure is a bandpass broad spectrum filtering structure.
6. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity identification of claim 5, wherein said narrow band filtering thin film structure is FP cavity structure.
7. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 6, wherein a matching layer is disposed between said FP cavity structure and a pixel photosensitive unit, said matching layer being integrally deposited and grown on said pixel photosensitive unit, said FP cavity structure being integrally deposited and grown on said matching layer.
8. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 6, wherein a transition layer and a cut-off filter film are provided on said FP cavity structure, said transition layer being integrally deposited and grown on said FP cavity structure, said cut-off filter film being integrally deposited and grown on said transition layer.
9. The polarization-spectral image sensor for identifying food maturity according to claim 8, wherein said cut-off filter film comprises at least one layer, when the cut-off filter film has a plurality of layers, the multi-layer cut-off filter film cuts off different interference bands respectively, the lowermost cut-off filter film is deposited and grown on said transition layer in an integrated manner, and said multi-layer cut-off filter film is adhered and fixed.
10. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity identification of claim 1, wherein said 4 polarization filtering structures are distributed at four corners of each cycle.
11. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity identification of claim 10, wherein one band pass broad spectrum filter structure is distributed at the center of each period, and the rest is a narrow band filter film structure.
12. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 1, wherein said polarization filtering structure is a four-quadrant wire grid structure, and 4 polarization directions are 0 °,45 °,90 °,135 °, respectively.
13. The polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity according to claim 1, wherein the pixel photosensitive unit of the integrated growth spectroscopic structure is used as a spectrum imaging chip, and the image sensor further comprises an imaging lens, a data acquisition and processing module and a man-machine interaction module; the imaging lens is arranged in the light incidence direction of the spectrum imaging chip, and the spectrum imaging chip is connected with the data acquisition and processing module and the man-machine interaction module; the data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring image data and judging the maturity, and the man-machine interaction module is used for sending out instructions to control the spectrum imaging chip to acquire images and sending the maturity information to the user side in real time.
14. The polarization-spectral image sensor for food maturity recognition according to claim 13, wherein the man-machine interaction module performs wireless communication by WIFI, and the operating system of the image sensor is connected to APP dedicated to a mobile phone, and transmits instructions and receives food maturity information through the mobile phone.
15. A method for monitoring food maturity by using a polarization-spectrum image sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of
Fixing the image sensor at a cooking place, and aligning the lens to the cooking food;
controlling an image sensor to acquire spectrum images at fixed time intervals;
collecting spectrum information and polarization information of a spectrum image, eliminating smoke interference through the polarization information, and judging whether food is mature or not by comparing the collected spectrum information with spectrum information of mature food;
if the food material is not mature, deleting the spectral image to continue to collect, and if the food material is mature, outputting food maturation information.
16. A design method of a polarization-spectrum image sensor for identifying food maturity is characterized by comprising the following steps of
Determining the characteristic spectral range before and after food maturation;
designing at least one spectrum filtering structure as a wide spectrum filtering film structure, wherein the spectrum range of the wide spectrum filtering film structure covers the characteristic spectrum range;
designing other spectrum filtering structures as narrow-band filtering film structures, wherein the central wavelengths of the spectrum sections of the narrow-band filtering film structures are dispersed in the characteristic spectrum range;
and setting the positions of the polarization filtering structure and the spectrum filtering structure according to the target identification requirement.
17. The method for designing a polarization-spectral imaging sensor for identifying food maturity according to claim 16, wherein the characteristic spectral range of mature drumsticks and raw drumsticks is 600-850nm for identifying drumsticks maturity; the center of each period of the light-splitting structure is 600-850nm of band-pass wide-spectrum filtering structure, four angles are respectively 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees of polarized filtering structure, and the rest positions are 600-850nm of narrow-band filtering structure.
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