CN115991099A - Fuel cell system power control method and system based on state control - Google Patents
Fuel cell system power control method and system based on state control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell system power control method and system based on state control, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, power-on self-test of the whole vehicle; s2, performing FCU self-checking on the basis of no abnormality in the whole vehicle self-checking, and judging whether the FCU self-checking has faults or not; if yes, enter step S3; if not, entering step S4; s3, closing the fuel cell and sending fault information to the VCU; and S4, starting the fuel cell, determining the current state of the whole vehicle according to the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle, and adjusting the target power of the fuel cell according to the current state. According to the invention, the power consumption requirement of the whole vehicle is judged in a state-based mode, the states of the related battery, the motor and the electric control part are integrated, the fuel cell is ensured to be in an optimal working interval with the minimum fuel consumption rate, a longer endurance mileage is achieved, a longer reliable running time is achieved, and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery control, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system power control method and system based on state control.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile is taken as a real zero-emission and pollution-free carrier, and is one of the main development directions of new energy clean power automobiles in the future. Further research and development and mass production of hydrogen fuel cell automobiles are a new revolution in the field of global automobile industry.
In the design and development process of the fuel cell automobile, the whole automobile controller sends related instructions to the fuel cell controller to control the starting and the output of the fuel cell, and related control algorithms are very important in order to achieve the indexes such as economy, reliability and accuracy of the operation of the fuel cell.
The starting and power setting of the fuel cell only refer to conditions such as the battery SOC and the maximum charging current at present, the adjustability is poor, the battery SOC cannot be effectively maintained, the cloud state of the fuel cell cannot be reasonably maintained in a high-efficiency interval, and the economical efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the power control method and the power control system for the fuel cell system based on the state control solve the problems that the running state of the fuel cell cannot be reasonably kept in a high-efficiency interval and the economy of the fuel cell is reduced by the conventional fuel cell control method.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fuel cell system power control method based on state control, comprising the steps of:
s1, power-on self-test of the whole vehicle;
s2, performing FCU self-checking on the basis of no abnormality in the whole vehicle self-checking, and judging whether the FCU self-checking has faults or not;
if yes, enter step S3;
if not, entering step S4;
s3, closing the fuel cell and sending fault information to the VCU;
and S4, starting the fuel cell, determining the current state of the whole vehicle according to the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle, and adjusting the target power of the fuel cell according to the current state.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes:
s11, determining that the whole vehicle has no three-stage stopping power failure and no two-stage power limiting failure, and the states of a battery and a motor are normal;
s12, after the vehicle runs normally and charges, uniformly feeding low voltage to the low-voltage component controlled by the FCU and performing self-checking;
and S13, after the self-checking of the low-voltage component is abnormal, uniformly applying high voltage to the high-voltage component controlled by the FCU, and finishing the power-on self-checking of the whole vehicle.
Further, in the step S2, whether the FCU fails is determined by determining whether each battery cell and temperature are in a normal range, whether an overvoltage or undervoltage state exists after the component is powered on;
if the battery monomer and the temperature are in the normal range and the component is in the no-overvoltage and no-voltage state after being electrified, the FCU is not in fault, otherwise, the FCU is in fault.
Further, in the step S4, the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle include the battery SOC, the output power of the motor of the whole vehicle, the maximum charging current of the battery and the working state of the components of the whole vehicle;
the determined current state of the whole vehicle comprises a parking electricity supplementing mode, a driving electricity supplementing mode, a standby mode and a fault mode.
Further, in the step S4, the method for adjusting the target power of the fuel cell specifically includes:
s41, determining the current required power state of the battery SOC, and carrying out basic required power assignment;
s42, determining the basic required power of the fuel cell according to the change of the current required power state of the battery SOC, and further adjusting the target power of the fuel cell.
Further, in the step S41, the current required power state of the battery SOC comprises the battery SOC being less than or equal to 80% and the battery SOC being more than or equal to 85%;
when the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to 80%, starting up the fuel cell stack, wherein the corresponding basic required power is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is more than or equal to 85%, the fuel cell stack is started, and the corresponding basic required power is 0kw.
Further, in the step S42, in the stop power-up mode or the driving power-up mode, when the battery SOC is changed from high to low, the target power of the fuel cell is adjusted according to the following interval;
when the SOC of the battery is 15% < SOC less than or equal to 30%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 30% < SOC less than or equal to 45%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 45% < SOC less than or equal to 60%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 60% < SOC less than or equal to 75%, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 75% < SOC less than or equal to 85%, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw.
Further, in the step S42, when the battery SOC is changed from low to high, the target power of the fuel cell is adjusted in the following interval;
when the SOC of the battery is 80 percent or more and is more than 70 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 70 percent or more and is more than 55 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 55 percent or more and SOC is more than 40 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 40 percent or more and SOC is more than 25 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 25 percent or more and SOC is more than 10 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw.
A fuel cell system power control system comprising:
the vehicle information input module is used for collecting vehicle information, including battery SOC, battery charge and discharge information, vehicle electricity consumption and driver operation intention;
the whole vehicle state calculation module is used for calculating the current electricity utilization state of the whole vehicle according to the collected whole vehicle information and determining the current target power of the fuel cell;
and the output instruction module is used for adjusting the generated power of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated power consumption and controlling the on/off and the whole vehicle information of the fuel cell.
Further, the whole vehicle state calculation module determines the current state of the whole vehicle and the actual required power of the whole vehicle according to the current battery SOC, and further determines the target power of the fuel cell.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the power consumption requirement of the whole vehicle is judged in a state-based mode, the states of the related battery, the motor and the electric control part are integrated, the fuel cell is ensured to be in an optimal working interval with the minimum fuel consumption rate, a longer endurance mileage is achieved, a longer reliable running time is achieved, and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of adjusting target power of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control, including the steps of:
s1, power-on self-test of the whole vehicle;
s2, performing FCU self-checking on the basis of no abnormality in the whole vehicle self-checking, and judging whether the FCU self-checking has faults or not;
if yes, enter step S3;
if not, entering step S4;
s3, closing the fuel cell and sending fault information to the VCU;
and S4, starting the fuel cell, determining the current state of the whole vehicle according to the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle, and adjusting the target power of the fuel cell according to the current state.
The step S1 of the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, determining that the whole vehicle has no three-stage stopping power failure and no two-stage power limiting failure, and the states of a battery and a motor are normal;
s12, after the vehicle runs normally and charges, uniformly feeding low voltage to the low-voltage component controlled by the FCU and performing self-checking;
and S13, after the self-checking of the low-voltage component is abnormal, uniformly applying high voltage to the high-voltage component controlled by the FCU, and finishing the power-on self-checking of the whole vehicle.
In this embodiment, the low-voltage components controlled by the FCU in step S12 include a cooling fan of the fuel cell system, a low-pressure circulating water pump of the fuel cell, a data acquisition instrument, HMS, and a step-down DCDC controller; the fuel cell system and the whole vehicle share low-voltage power supply, and the low-voltage range is 9-36V.
In this embodiment, the high-voltage components in step S13 include an air compressor, a boost DCDC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump and a fuel cell stack component, and the working voltages output by the power cell and the fuel system are high voltages, with a voltage range of 200-750 v.
In step S2 of the embodiment of the invention, whether the FCU fails or not is judged by determining whether each battery cell and each temperature are in a normal range, and whether overvoltage and undervoltage states exist after the component is electrified or not; if the battery monomer and the temperature are in the normal range and the component is in the no-overvoltage and no-voltage state after being electrified, the FCU is not in fault, otherwise, the FCU is in fault.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell is composed of a plurality of single cells connected in series, and the working voltage of the single cells is generally between 0.5v and 1 v; the working temperature of the single battery is generally 50-80 ℃. When judging whether the components are in an overvoltage and undervoltage state after being electrified, the parameters of the components are different in the fuel cell system, and the corresponding thresholds for judging the overvoltage/undervoltage are also different; therefore, corresponding overvoltage/undervoltage thresholds are set according to the parameters of each component, the overvoltage or undervoltage condition of the component occurs when the voltage range value of each component is exceeded, and faults are fed back to the FCU.
In step S4 of the embodiment of the present invention, the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle include the battery SOC, the output power of the motor of the whole vehicle, the maximum charging current of the battery, and the working state of the components of the whole vehicle;
the determined current state of the whole vehicle comprises a parking electricity supplementing mode, a driving electricity supplementing mode, a standby mode and a fault mode.
In step S4 of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the target power of the fuel cell specifically includes:
s41, determining the current required power state of the battery SOC, and carrying out basic required power assignment;
s42, determining the basic required power of the fuel cell according to the change of the current required power state of the battery SOC, and further adjusting the target power of the fuel cell.
In step S41 of the embodiment, the current required power state of the battery SOC comprises the battery SOC being less than or equal to 80% and the battery SOC being more than or equal to 85%;
when the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to 80%, starting up the fuel cell stack, wherein the corresponding basic required power is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is more than or equal to 85%, the fuel cell stack is started, and the corresponding basic required power is 0kw.
Based on the battery SOC of step S41, in step S42, as shown in fig. 2, in the stop charge mode or the running charge mode, when the battery SOC changes from high to low, the target power of the fuel cell is adjusted in the following intervals;
when the SOC of the battery is 15% < SOC less than or equal to 30%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 30% < SOC less than or equal to 45%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 45% < SOC less than or equal to 60%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 60% < SOC less than or equal to 75%, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 75% < SOC less than or equal to 85%, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw.
When the battery SOC changes from low to high, adjusting the target power of the fuel cell according to the following intervals;
when the SOC of the battery is 80 percent or more and is more than 70 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 70 percent or more and is more than 55 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 55 percent or more and SOC is more than 40 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 40 percent or more and SOC is more than 25 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 25 percent or more and SOC is more than 10 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw.
The battery SOC is set to 5 interval sections to avoid frequent start-up and stop of the fuel battery and abrupt change of the load of the fuel battery, so that constant power output is divided into intervals.
In step S42, when the whole vehicle is in the standby mode and the fault mode, the power is 0, and the corresponding instructions are shutdown instructions.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a fuel cell system power control system corresponding to the method in embodiment 1, including:
the vehicle information input module is used for collecting vehicle information, including battery SOC, battery charge and discharge information, vehicle electricity consumption and driver operation intention;
the whole vehicle state calculation module is used for calculating the current electricity utilization state of the whole vehicle according to the collected whole vehicle information and determining the current target power of the fuel cell;
and the output instruction module is used for adjusting the generated power of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated power consumption and controlling the on/off and the whole vehicle information of the fuel cell.
The whole vehicle state calculation module in the embodiment determines the current state of the whole vehicle and the actual required power of the whole vehicle according to the current battery SOC, so as to determine the target power of the fuel cell.
Example 3:
the embodiment of the invention provides a specific example of the method in the embodiment 1:
the test results of running under the full-load city working condition of 18 tons of hydrogen fuel vehicle type are shown in table 1, the hydrogen consumption of the whole vehicle of the invention is 7.01Kg/100Km, compared with the existing linear SOC power control method, the hydrogen consumption of the whole vehicle is 9.18Kg/100Km, the hydrogen consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced by 24%, and the running time of the whole vehicle is improved by 25% when the hydrogen consumption is the same. The result shows that the control method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the hydrogen consumption of hundred kilometers of the whole vehicle, prolong the running time of the vehicle and improve the economy of the whole vehicle and the service life of the fuel cell.
TABLE 1 full urban operating condition run time test results
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "radial," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or the like, may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control, comprising the steps of:
s1, power-on self-test of the whole vehicle;
s2, performing FCU self-checking on the basis of no abnormality in the whole vehicle self-checking, and judging whether the FCU self-checking has faults or not;
if yes, enter step S3;
if not, entering step S4;
s3, closing the fuel cell and sending fault information to the VCU;
and S4, starting the fuel cell, determining the current state of the whole vehicle according to the collected working parameters of the whole vehicle, and adjusting the target power of the fuel cell according to the current state.
2. The method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is specifically:
s11, determining that the whole vehicle has no three-stage stopping power failure and no two-stage power limiting failure, and the states of a battery and a motor are normal;
s12, after the vehicle runs normally and charges, uniformly feeding low voltage to the low-voltage component controlled by the FCU and performing self-checking;
and S13, after the self-checking of the low-voltage component is abnormal, uniformly applying high voltage to the high-voltage component controlled by the FCU, and finishing the power-on self-checking of the whole vehicle.
3. The method for controlling the power of the fuel cell system based on the state control according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, whether the FCU fails is judged by determining whether each cell and each temperature are in a normal range, whether an overvoltage and an undervoltage state exist after the component is powered on;
if the battery monomer and the temperature are in the normal range and the component is in the no-overvoltage and no-voltage state after being electrified, the FCU is not in fault, otherwise, the FCU is in fault.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the collected vehicle operation parameters include a battery SOC, a vehicle motor output power, a battery maximum charging current, and a vehicle component operation state;
the determined current state of the whole vehicle comprises a parking electricity supplementing mode, a driving electricity supplementing mode, a standby mode and a fault mode.
5. The method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the method for adjusting the target power of the fuel cell is specifically:
s41, determining the current required power state of the battery SOC, and carrying out basic required power assignment;
s42, determining the basic required power of the fuel cell according to the change of the current required power state of the battery SOC, and further adjusting the target power of the fuel cell.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S41, the current required power state of the battery SOC includes not more than 80% of the battery SOC and not less than 85% of the battery SOC;
when the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to 80%, starting up the fuel cell stack, wherein the corresponding basic required power is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is more than or equal to 85%, the fuel cell stack is started, and the corresponding basic required power is 0kw.
7. The method for controlling power of a fuel cell system based on state control according to claim 6, wherein in the step S42, the target power of the fuel cell is adjusted in accordance with the following intervals when the battery SOC changes from high to low in the stop-power-up mode or the running-power-up mode;
when the SOC of the battery is 15% < SOC less than or equal to 30%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 30% < SOC less than or equal to 45%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 45% < SOC less than or equal to 60%, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 60% < SOC less than or equal to 75%, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kW;
when the SOC of the battery is 75% < SOC less than or equal to 85%, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw.
8. The state control-based fuel cell system power control method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S42, when the battery SOC changes from low to high, the target power of the fuel cell is adjusted in accordance with the following intervals;
when the SOC of the battery is 80 percent or more and is more than 70 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 40kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 70 percent or more and is more than 55 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 60kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 55 percent or more and SOC is more than 40 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 40 percent or more and SOC is more than 25 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw;
when the SOC of the battery is 25 percent or more and SOC is more than 10 percent, the target power of the fuel battery is 80kw.
9. A fuel cell system power control system based on the state control-based fuel cell system power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the vehicle information input module is used for collecting vehicle information, including battery SOC, battery charge and discharge information, vehicle electricity consumption and driver operation intention;
the whole vehicle state calculation module is used for calculating the current electricity utilization state of the whole vehicle according to the collected whole vehicle information and determining the current target power of the fuel cell;
and the output instruction module is used for adjusting the generated power of the fuel cell stack according to the calculated power consumption and controlling the on/off and the whole vehicle information of the fuel cell.
10. The fuel cell system power control system according to claim 9, wherein the vehicle state calculation module determines the vehicle current state and the vehicle actual power demand according to the current battery SOC, and further determines the target power of the fuel cell.
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