CN115986424A - Ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115986424A CN115986424A CN202310265588.2A CN202310265588A CN115986424A CN 115986424 A CN115986424 A CN 115986424A CN 202310265588 A CN202310265588 A CN 202310265588A CN 115986424 A CN115986424 A CN 115986424A
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultra wide band vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna which comprises a first dielectric slab, a second dielectric slab, a support column, an antenna radiator, a metal floor, an one-to-eight equal power divider, a metal short-circuit column, a metal feed column and a coaxial line, wherein the first dielectric slab is arranged on the first dielectric slab; the antenna radiator is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate; a circular groove is etched at the center of the antenna radiator; the one-to-eight equal power divider is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate; the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the second medium plate; a first circular groove and a second circular groove are etched on the metal floor. The ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna provided by the invention has the characteristics of low profile and ultra-wideband vertical polarization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna.
Background
Omnidirectional antennas are widely used in wireless communication systems, especially in WLAN routers and base stations with 360 ° coverage. Conventional omni-directional antennas for indoor and urban use are largely classified into single polarization and dual polarization, and are generally dominated by vertical polarization, because vertically polarized waves are more easily propagated on undulating terrain in land mobile communications, thereby greatly reducing energy attenuation.
Meanwhile, with the continuous increase of modern wireless network applications, broadband omni-directional antennas are required to cover multiple frequency bands, such as LTE frequency bands (1.7-2.7 GHz) and new 5G mobile communication systems (3.1-5 GHz). Monopole antennas are a conventional method for designing vertically polarized antennas, and although they have the advantages of excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics, large bandwidth, etc., such antennas usually have a high profile, which is not suitable for areas requiring miniaturized antennas. Patch antennas, while capable of achieving vertically polarized radiation, often have difficulty achieving large bandwidths.
For example, a high-isolation low-profile broadband base station antenna disclosed in chinese utility model publication No. CN216120755U is a vertically polarized antenna with low-profile characteristics, but its impedance bandwidth is only 16%.
Therefore, designing the ultra-wideband vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna with low section and capable of covering 1.7-5GHz frequency band is an important research direction in the field of communication antennas at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide an ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omni-directional antenna, which has both low profile and ultra-wideband vertical polarization characteristics, in view of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a support column, an antenna radiator, a metal floor, an one-to-eight equal power divider, a metal short-circuit column, a metal feed column and a coaxial line;
the first dielectric slab and the second dielectric slab are circular, parallel to each other and have the circle centers on the same vertical axis; the first dielectric plate is fixedly supported above the second dielectric plate through a support column;
the antenna radiator is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and omnidirectional radiation is realized by working in TM01 and TM02 modes; a circular groove is etched in the center of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna radiator is integrally annular, and the circular groove is used for improving the impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency;
the one-to-eight power divider is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate and used for feeding the antenna radiator with equal amplitude and equal phase;
the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the second medium plate; a first annular groove and a second annular groove are etched on the metal floor, so that the metal floor is divided into a circular patch, a first annular patch and a second annular patch which have the same circle center and are distributed in a nested manner from inside to outside; the first circular-ring-shaped groove and the second circular-ring-shaped groove are used for generating two resonant frequency points, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded;
the coaxial line is connected from the lower part of the second dielectric plate, an outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor, and an inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the input end of the one-to-eight equal power divider through a metalized through hole; eight output ends of the one-to-eight power divider are respectively connected to the metal floor and the antenna radiator through a metal feed column and used for feeding electricity to the antenna radiator;
the metal short circuit column connects the metal floor and the antenna radiator together through the metalized via hole, and is used for realizing the electrical short circuit of the antenna.
Furthermore, the number of the support columns is 4, and the 4 support columns are uniformly distributed between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate along the circumferential direction.
Further, the metal short-circuit posts include a first metal short-circuit post, a second metal short-circuit post, a third metal short-circuit post, a fourth metal short-circuit post, a fifth metal short-circuit post, a sixth metal short-circuit post, a seventh metal short-circuit post and an eighth metal short-circuit post; the upper ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively and electrically connected with the antenna radiator through the metalized through hole on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively and electrically connected with the first annular patch of the metal floor through the metallized through hole in the second dielectric plate.
Furthermore, the inner side of the first annular patch is connected with eight microstrip lines which extend inwards along the radial direction, the lengths of the eight microstrip lines are equal, and the eight microstrip lines are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the first annular patch along the circumferential direction;
the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively connected to the tail ends of the eight microstrip lines through metalized through holes in the second dielectric plate.
Further, the lengths of the first circular ring-shaped groove and the second circular ring-shaped groove correspond to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.
Furthermore, the one-to-eight equal power divider is arranged in the projection range of the circular patch, and eight output ends of the one-to-eight equal power divider are sequentially and uniformly distributed on the second dielectric plate along the circumferential direction; the metal feeding columns comprise a first metal feeding column, a second metal feeding column, a third metal feeding column, a fourth metal feeding column, a fifth metal feeding column, a sixth metal feeding column, a seventh metal feeding column and an eighth metal feeding column;
the lower ends of the first metal feeding column, the second metal feeding column, the third metal feeding column, the fourth metal feeding column, the fifth metal feeding column, the sixth metal feeding column, the seventh metal feeding column and the eighth metal feeding column are respectively connected to eight output ends of an eight-in-one equal power divider and are respectively connected to a circular patch in a metal floor through a metalized through hole on a second dielectric plate; the upper ends of the first metal feed column, the second metal feed column, the third metal feed column, the fourth metal feed column, the fifth metal feed column, the sixth metal feed column, the seventh metal feed column and the eighth metal feed column are respectively connected to the antenna radiator through the metallized through holes on the first dielectric plate.
The ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna provided by the invention has the characteristics of low profile and ultra-wideband vertical polarization. The invention realizes the omnidirectional radiation of vertical polarization by using the TM01 mode and the TM02 mode when the antenna works, and generates two resonance frequency points, thereby improving the bandwidth; meanwhile, two circular ring-shaped grooves are formed in the metal floor to generate two resonant frequency points, so that the bandwidth is expanded; further, a circular groove is formed in the radiation patch to improve impedance matching and expand the bandwidth of high frequency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an ultra-wideband vertically polarized patch omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top-surface structure view of a first dielectric plate in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom structure diagram of a second dielectric plate in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a simulation S parameter diagram of an ultra-wideband vertically polarized patch omni-directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a pattern diagram of an XOZ plane and an XOY plane of an ultra-wideband vertically polarized patch omnidirectional antenna at a center frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, an ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a first dielectric slab 2, a second dielectric slab 6, a support pillar 5, an antenna radiator 1, a metal floor 7, an one-to-eight power divider 9, a metal short-circuit pillar 3, a metal feed pillar 4, and a coaxial line;
the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 6 are circular, parallel to each other and have the circle centers on the same vertical axis; the first dielectric plate 2 is fixedly supported above the second dielectric plate 6 through the support posts 5. In this embodiment, there are 4 supporting pillars 5, which are respectively a first supporting pillar 51, a second supporting pillar 52, a third supporting pillar 53 and a fourth supporting pillar 54, and the 4 supporting pillars 5 are uniformly distributed between the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 6 along the circumferential direction, and are used for supporting the antenna structure and fixing the antenna height together.
The antenna radiator 1 is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 2, and omnidirectional radiation is realized by working in TM01 and TM02 modes; the circular groove 11 is etched at the center of the antenna radiator 1, so that the antenna radiator 1 is circular, and the circular groove 11 is used for improving the impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency.
The one-to-eight power divider 9 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 6 and used for feeding the antenna radiator with equal amplitude and equal phase.
The metal floor 7 is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 6; a first circular groove 71 and a second circular groove 72 are etched on the metal floor 7, so that the metal floor 7 is divided into a circular patch, a first circular patch and a second circular patch which have the same circle center and are distributed in a nested manner from inside to outside. The lengths of the first circular-ring-shaped groove 71 and the second circular-ring-shaped groove 72 (the circumferential length at the middle position of the groove body) respectively correspond to the quarter wavelength of two different central frequencies, and are used for generating two resonance frequency points, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.
It should be noted that, on one hand, the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 6 in the present invention are made of transparent materials, and on the other hand, the whole structure of the antenna is also convenient to visually and comprehensively display; therefore, the one-eighth-power divider 9 on the upper surface and the metal floor 7 on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 6 are shown in the drawing at the same time in fig. 1, which does not mean that the one-eighth-power divider 9 and the metal floor 7 are located on the same plane. In addition, the one-eight equal power divider 9 is actually composed of a metal patch, but in fig. 1, the one-eight equal power divider 9 is drawn in white in order to distinguish and highlight it from the metal floor 7. The features of this section shall be subject to the description of the present invention, and the skilled person can combine with the common general knowledge in the art to unambiguously see the relevant technical features from fig. 1; the drawing mode adopted in fig. 1 does not affect the clear and complete expression of the technical scheme of the invention.
Furthermore, the coaxial line is accessed from the lower part of the second dielectric plate 6, the outer conductor 82 of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor 7, and the inner conductor 81 of the coaxial line is connected to the input end of the one-to-eight equal power divider 9 through a metalized through hole; eight output ends of the one-to-eight power divider 9 are respectively connected to the metal floor 7 and the antenna radiator 1 through a metal feed column 4, and are used for feeding the antenna radiator 1;
the metal short circuit column 3 connects the metal floor 7 and the antenna radiator 1 together through the metalized via hole, and is used for realizing the electrical short circuit of the antenna.
Specifically, the metal short-circuit posts 3 include a first metal short-circuit post 31, a second metal short-circuit post 32, a third metal short-circuit post 33, a fourth metal short-circuit post 34, a fifth metal short-circuit post 35, a sixth metal short-circuit post 36, a seventh metal short-circuit post 37 and an eighth metal short-circuit post 38; the upper ends of the first metal short-circuit column 31, the second metal short-circuit column 32, the third metal short-circuit column 33, the fourth metal short-circuit column 34, the fifth metal short-circuit column 35, the sixth metal short-circuit column 36, the seventh metal short-circuit column 37 and the eighth metal short-circuit column 38 are respectively electrically connected with the antenna radiator 1 through the metallized through hole on the first dielectric plate 2; the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column 31, the second metal short-circuit column 32, the third metal short-circuit column 33, the fourth metal short-circuit column 34, the fifth metal short-circuit column 35, the sixth metal short-circuit column 36, the seventh metal short-circuit column 37 and the eighth metal short-circuit column 38 are respectively electrically connected with the first annular patch of the metal floor 7 through the metallized through hole on the second dielectric plate 6.
Furthermore, the inner side of the first annular patch of the metal floor 7 is connected with eight microstrip lines extending inwards in the radial direction, and the eight microstrip lines have the same length and are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the first annular patch in the circumferential direction;
the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column 31, the second metal short-circuit column 32, the third metal short-circuit column 33, the fourth metal short-circuit column 34, the fifth metal short-circuit column 35, the sixth metal short-circuit column 36, the seventh metal short-circuit column 37 and the eighth metal short-circuit column 38 are respectively connected to the tail ends of the eight microstrip lines through the metalized via holes on the second dielectric plate 6.
Further, the one-to-eight equal power divider 9 is disposed in a projection range of the circular patch of the metal floor 7, and eight output ends of the one-to-eight equal power divider 9 are sequentially and uniformly distributed on the second dielectric slab 6 along the circumferential direction; the metal feeding column 4 comprises a first metal feeding column 41, a second metal feeding column 42, a third metal feeding column 43, a fourth metal feeding column 44, a fifth metal feeding column 45, a sixth metal feeding column 46, a seventh metal feeding column 47 and an eighth metal feeding column 48;
the lower ends of the first metal feed column 41, the second metal feed column 42, the third metal feed column 43, the fourth metal feed column 44, the fifth metal feed column 45, the sixth metal feed column 46, the seventh metal feed column 47 and the eighth metal feed column 48 are respectively connected to eight output ends of the one-to-eight equal power divider 9, and are respectively connected to the circular patches in the metal floor 7 through the metallized through holes on the second dielectric plate 6; the upper ends of the first metal feed column 41, the second metal feed column 42, the third metal feed column 43, the fourth metal feed column 44, the fifth metal feed column 45, the sixth metal feed column 46, the seventh metal feed column 47 and the eighth metal feed column 48 are connected to the antenna radiator 1 through metallized through holes on the first dielectric plate 2, respectively.
Referring to fig. 4, S parameters obtained by simulation of an ultra wide band vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown. As can be seen from the figure, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna of the present embodiment is 109% (1.5-5.1 GHz), and covers the medium and high frequency bands of LTE and the new 5G mobile communication system.
Referring to fig. 5, a directional diagram of an XOZ plane and an XOY plane of an ultra wide band vertically polarized patch omnidirectional antenna under a center frequency is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna of the present embodiment can maintain a relatively good omnidirectional radiation pattern in the frequency band covered by the antenna.
The invention provides an ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna.A metal floor 7 is provided with two circular grooves (a first circular groove 71 and a second circular groove 72); when the antenna is operating, the current is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the circular ring shaped slot, which causes the antenna to be mismatched and thereby produces a stop band. The lengths of the two circular ring-shaped grooves correspond to the quarter wavelengths of two different central frequencies respectively, so that the antenna generates a resonant frequency point at low frequency and high frequency respectively, and the two resonant frequency points jointly act to generate a large stop band, thereby expanding the bandwidth. Meanwhile, the antenna radiator 1 is provided with the circular groove 11, so that the impedance matching of the antenna can be improved, and the resonance frequency point at high frequency can move towards high frequency, the bandwidth is expanded, the TM01 mode and the TM02 mode of the antenna during working are utilized to realize omnidirectional radiation, the two modes can respectively generate one resonance frequency point, and the two resonance frequency points and the resonance frequency point generated by the circular groove 11 can jointly generate a large stop band, so that the target bandwidth is obtained.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An ultra-wideband vertical polarization patch omnidirectional antenna is characterized by comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a support column, an antenna radiator, a metal floor, an one-to-eight equal power divider, a metal short-circuit column, a metal feed column and a coaxial line;
the first dielectric slab and the second dielectric slab are circular, parallel to each other and have the circle centers on the same vertical axis; the first dielectric plate is fixedly supported above the second dielectric plate through a support column;
the antenna radiator is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and omnidirectional radiation is realized by working in TM01 and TM02 modes; a circular groove is etched in the center of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna radiator is integrally annular, and the circular groove is used for improving the impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency;
the one-to-eight power divider is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate and used for feeding the antenna radiator with equal amplitude and equal phase;
the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate; a first annular groove and a second annular groove are etched on the metal floor, so that the metal floor is divided into a circular patch, a first annular patch and a second annular patch which have the same circle center and are distributed in a nested manner from inside to outside; the first circular-ring-shaped groove and the second circular-ring-shaped groove are used for generating two resonant frequency points, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded;
the coaxial line is connected from the lower part of the second dielectric plate, an outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor, and an inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the input end of the one-to-eight equal power divider through a metalized through hole; eight output ends of the one-to-eight power divider are respectively connected to the metal floor and the antenna radiator through a metal feed column and used for feeding electricity to the antenna radiator;
the metal short circuit column connects the metal floor and the antenna radiator together through the metalized via hole, and is used for realizing the electrical short circuit of the antenna.
2. The ultra-wideband vertically-polarized patch omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein there are 4 support posts, and the 4 support posts are uniformly distributed between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate along a circumferential direction.
3. The ultra-wideband vertically-polarized patch omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal shorting posts comprise a first metal shorting post, a second metal shorting post, a third metal shorting post, a fourth metal shorting post, a fifth metal shorting post, a sixth metal shorting post, a seventh metal shorting post, and an eighth metal shorting post; the upper ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively and electrically connected with the antenna radiator through the metalized through hole on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively and electrically connected with the first annular patch of the metal floor through the metallized through hole in the second dielectric plate.
4. The ultra-wideband vertically-polarized patch omni-directional antenna according to claim 3, wherein the inner side of the first annular patch is connected with eight microstrip lines extending radially inward, the eight microstrip lines have equal lengths and are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the first annular patch along the circumferential direction;
the lower ends of the first metal short-circuit column, the second metal short-circuit column, the third metal short-circuit column, the fourth metal short-circuit column, the fifth metal short-circuit column, the sixth metal short-circuit column, the seventh metal short-circuit column and the eighth metal short-circuit column are respectively connected to the tail ends of the eight microstrip lines through metalized through holes in the second dielectric plate.
5. The ultra-wideband vertically polarized patch omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein the first circular annular groove and the second circular annular groove have lengths corresponding to a quarter wavelength of a center frequency.
6. The ultra-wideband vertically-polarized patch omni-directional antenna according to claim 1, wherein the one-to-eight equal power divider is disposed within a projection range of the circular patch, and eight output ends of the one-to-eight equal power divider are sequentially and uniformly distributed on the second dielectric plate along a circumferential direction; the metal feed columns comprise a first metal feed column, a second metal feed column, a third metal feed column, a fourth metal feed column, a fifth metal feed column, a sixth metal feed column, a seventh metal feed column and an eighth metal feed column;
the lower ends of the first metal feeding column, the second metal feeding column, the third metal feeding column, the fourth metal feeding column, the fifth metal feeding column, the sixth metal feeding column, the seventh metal feeding column and the eighth metal feeding column are respectively connected to eight output ends of an eight-in-one equal power divider and are respectively connected to a circular patch in a metal floor through a metalized through hole on a second dielectric plate; the upper ends of the first metal feed column, the second metal feed column, the third metal feed column, the fourth metal feed column, the fifth metal feed column, the sixth metal feed column, the seventh metal feed column and the eighth metal feed column are respectively connected to the antenna radiator through the metallized through holes on the first dielectric plate.
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