CN115975513A - Binder for producing welding electrode - Google Patents
Binder for producing welding electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN115975513A CN115975513A CN202310251071.8A CN202310251071A CN115975513A CN 115975513 A CN115975513 A CN 115975513A CN 202310251071 A CN202310251071 A CN 202310251071A CN 115975513 A CN115975513 A CN 115975513A
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Abstract
The invention provides a binder for producing welding electrodes, which comprises the following components, by weight, 4.5-7.5 parts of potassium silicate powder, 14-18 parts of sodium silicate powder, 30-35 parts of water glass, 15-18 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 4.7-8.5 parts of sodium stearate, 3.0-6.0 parts of calcium formate, 2.5-5.0 parts of sodium chloride solution, 2.5-4.5 parts of talcum powder and 1-4 parts of organic matters; the binder is used for solving the problem of large welding spatter of the spiral acid welding rod, ensuring the stability of electric arc, improving the slag shell performance to ensure complete coverage, effectively protecting the welding quality of welding seams and reducing the production cost of mixing the welding rods with the chemicals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a binder for producing welding electrodes.
Background
At present, the traditional water glass is generally adopted as the binder for producing electric welding rods at home and abroad, when the water glass is prepared, impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like in raw materials are partially remained, the water glass is easy to transit to a molten pool in a welding process and form low-melting eutectic compounds in weld deposit metal, the crack sensitivity of the weld deposit metal is increased, the mechanical property and the crack resistance of the deposit metal are greatly influenced, in addition, the water glass and alloys such as silicon iron and the like generate combustible gas after being catalyzed by an arc column region at ultrahigh temperature, and further local fluctuation occurs to form large splashing, so the operation method of a welding worker is extremely tested.
In order to optimize the technological performance of the welding rod and improve the use experience of users, the welding defects of the welding rod are needed to be overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a binder for welding electrode production, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art, effectively improve the moisture absorption and alkalinity return of the traditional welding electrode, and ensure that the welding electrode has smooth appearance and good coating strength on the premise of ensuring powder press coating plasticity;
the binder is used for solving the problem of large welding spatter of the spiral acid welding rod, ensuring the stability of electric arc, improving the slag shell performance to ensure complete coverage, effectively protecting the welding quality of welding seams, reducing the production cost of mixing the welding rods with chemicals and improving the market competitiveness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the binder for producing welding electrode consists of potassium silicate powder 4.5-7.5 weight portions, sodium silicate powder 14-18 weight portions, water glass 30-35 weight portions, hydroxyethyl cellulose 15-18 weight portions, sodium stearate 4.7-8.5 weight portions, calcium formate 3.0-6.0 weight portions, sodium chloride solution 2.5-5.0 weight portions, talcum powder 2.5-4.5 weight portions and organic matter 1-4 weight portions.
The granularity of the instant potassium silicate is plus 120 meshes, the granularity of the instant sodium silicate is plus 100 meshes, the granularity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose is plus 40 meshes, the granularity of the sodium stearate is plus 20 meshes, the granularity of the calcium formate is plus 80 meshes, the granularity of the talcum powder is plus 80 meshes, and the granularity of the sodium chloride is plus 20 meshes, so that the blending achieves instant dissolution and dissociation to realize gelation.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.3-0.5mol/L.
Preferably, the water glass is low-modulus potassium sodium 3 water glass 1, wherein the modulus is 2.4-2.6, the concentration is 38.5-40.5Be DEG, and the viscosity is CPS40-60;
potassium silicate modulus 3.0-3.4, K 2 O content of about 3.67%, na 2 O content of about 0.30% and water-insoluble content of 0.044%;
sodium silicate modulus 2.1-2.6, na 2 O content of about 3.97%, K 2 O content was about 0.46% and water-insoluble content was 0.046%.
Preferably, the organic matter is one or more than two of microcrystal, cotton and wood powder.
The functions of the components are as follows:
the potassium silicate dissociates positive charges in the mixing and melting process, strengthens gelation of a glue core, ensures bonding plasticity of the powder, and promotes the stability of electric arc by thermal emission thermal ionization in the welding process.
The sodium silicate guarantees the fluffiness of the powder in the mixing and melting process, so that the powder surface has air permeability, the foaming tendency is reduced in the baking process, the slag shell is optimized in the welding process, and the good forming of the welding line is facilitated.
The hydroxyethyl cellulose ensures the intermiscibility in the mixing process, shows the thickening cohesiveness, and is emulsified to form a film, aggregated and adsorbed to reduce the surface tension of molecules.
And sodium chloride accelerates the dissociation process and improves the stability of the adhesive core in the mixing and melting process.
Sodium stearate, increasing lubricity, thermal stability, gelation speed and thickening of welding slag.
Calcium formate, a rapid coagulant, antibacterial and mildew-proof properties, and ensures the lubrication plasticity of the spiral pressure coating.
The talcum powder increases the lubrication and plasticity of the powder and improves the press coating stability.
The invention also provides the application of the bonding agent for producing the welding electrode in the spiral acid welding electrode.
The invention also provides a welding electrode, and the coating of the welding electrode uses the bonding agent for producing the welding electrode.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the adhesive for producing the welding electrode to the powder of the coating is 24-27%. The using temperature of the adhesive is 20-40 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-20 minutes.
Preferably, the coating comprises, by weight, 45-55 parts of reduced ilmenite, 5-10 parts of rutile, 10-15 parts of potash feldspar, 4-6 parts of white mud, 3-5 parts of mica, 2-4.6 parts of fine mica, 5-7 parts of medium carbon ferromanganese and 5-10 parts of marble.
The present invention also provides a method of making an electrode as described above, comprising the steps of,
1) Weighing each powder material of the binder and the medicinal powder of the medicinal coating in proportion, uniformly mixing, stirring and molding;
2) Respectively pressing and coating the powder on the welding core by a screw machine;
3) After press coating, the welding rod directly enters a chain furnace, the temperature of an air outlet is 105-120 ℃, and the common use time is 27-35 minutes.
The novel binder is a physicochemical blending alkali preparation mode which takes potassium silicate and sodium silicate as matrixes and leads the matrixes to meet the production requirement through scientific proportioning and dissociation of soluble salt.
a. Preparation process
Traditional water glass production process (high temperature and high pressure)
Na 2 CO 3 +SiO 2 →Na 2 SiO 3 +CO 2 ↑
K 2 CO 3 +SiO 2 →K 2 SiO 3 +CO 2 ↑
b. The influence of the traditional water glass prepared welding rod on the baking process is as follows:
after the welding rod is air-dried and aired, the welding rod is conveyed into a baking furnace to be baked and dried by gradient heating, and the following reactions occur:
R 2 O·nSiO 2 + nH 2 O = 2ROH + nSiO 2 ·(n-1)H 2 O
Si + 2ROH + H 2 O = R 2 SiO 3 + 2H 2 ↑+ Q
(wherein R represents K or Na, and Q represents heat released by reaction) the diameter of the coating at this stage is increased and the foaming phenomenon is easy to occur, because the welding rod contains more alloy powder such as ferrosilicon, and R represents 2 More O produces more ROH in Si and H 2 Production of H under the influence of O 2 More water is separated out in the form of water vapor during drying, the foaming tendency of the coating is further increased, and the superfine metal powder and ore powder on the surface of the welding rod form a compact surface during press coating, so that the powder sodium silicate is selected to reduce the alkali return tendency and optimize and improve the air permeability of the coating.
c. The welding rod prepared from the water glass has influence on the welding process:
the splash phenomenon exists in the welding process, because the adding amount of the traditional water glass is about 25-28% of the dry powder, the influence on the welding process is not negligible, and the following reaction can occur under the high temperature (about 6000 ℃) of an arc column area during welding:
R 2 O·nSiO 2 ====R 2 O +nSiO 2 ；
SiO 2 +2Fe====Si+2FeO
C +FeO====Fe+CO↑
(wherein R represents K or Na) generated CO gas is exploded and separated out strongly in the transition process of the molten drop to generate splashing, part of gas is not ready to overflow to form an inner gas hole in the welding seam, the Baume degree of the water glass is more than 50 ℃, the splashing is obviously increased during welding, and the following reaction formula shows that: when the concentration of the water glass is too high, siO in the coating of the welding rod can be caused 2 The quantity is increased, so that the oxidation capability of the coating is increased, the welding seam is not attractive in shape, the powder potassium silicate and the sodium stearate are used for inhibiting CO generation, the welding slag is completely covered, a molten pool and deposited metal are protected, and the mechanical property of the molten pool and the deposited metal is ensured.
The invention binder can reduce the formation of eutectic with low melting point in the molten pool, and the welding slag shell is covered completely, make the welding seam shaping well guarantee the mechanical property, in addition the binder of the invention contains many potassium sodium with low ionization potential, play a great role in arc stabilization, potassium sodium with low ionization potential and alloy element in the powder are mixed, oxidized and released heat and produced a large amount of thermal electron emission in the welding process, this kind of thermal emission and thermal ionization strengthen and created the condition for ignition and stability of the electric arc, the new binder of the invention has improved the traditional welding process of this kind of welding electrode, play a great role in the deep research of water glass in the future.
The invention reasonably allocates the proportion of each component, the semi-finished product is spirally pressed and coated by the material conveyed by the screw machine, the chain furnace is dried by air, baked and solidified to obtain the finished product welding rod, the finished product welding rod not only has obviously improved welding process performance, good fluidity of the molten iron easy to strike arc, small splashing and explosion sound, complete slag shell covering, easy slag removal and beautiful welding line forming, but also reduces the traditional water glass transportation and application and reduces the production cost. The novel binder is mainly used for optimizing the baking foaming tendency and the welding arc stability of the welding rod, improving the yield of the welding rod and ensuring the quality of the welding rod and the use experience of a user.
Compared with the prior art, the bonding agent for producing the welding rod has the following advantages:
1) The welding rod prepared by the binder ensures the strength of a coating, has no problems of foaming, alkali return, baking crack and the like, and has stable electric arc and attractive appearance.
2) The bonding agent can improve the welding process defects of the welding electrode, reduce splashing and popping, and simultaneously realize uniform welding coverage to effectively protect a molten pool and deposited metal.
3) The welding rod prepared by the binder has good porosity resistance in the welding process, and further improves the mechanical property of weld metal.
4) Compared with the traditional water glass, the production and transportation cost of the binder is greatly reduced, so that the market competitiveness of the product is effectively improved, and the product is non-toxic and harmless and has no serious influence on the environment and personnel.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
In the following examples, 1 part is 1Kg or other unit weight.
Under the condition of the same coating formula, the binder formula shown in the following table is used, the comparative example 1 is the production process of the original finished welding rod and is used as a blank reference, all components are uniformly mixed and stirred for forming, then the powder is respectively coated on a core wire by a screw press, the core wire is an H08A common low-carbon steel core wire, the diameter of the core wire is 3.2mm, the coated welding rod directly enters a chain furnace, the air outlet temperature is 105-120 ℃, and the time is 30 minutes in common use. The formula of the coating comprises (by mass) reduced ilmenite 45-55%, rutile 5-10%, potash feldspar 10-15%, white mud 4-6%, mica 3-5%, fine mica 2-4.6%, medium carbon ferromanganese 5-7%, and marble 5-10%.
The addition proportion of the adhesive for producing the welding electrode is 24-27 percent of the weight of the coating powder.
The novel binder proportioning ratio is specifically implemented and is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 case electrode Binder formulation (Unit: parts)
b. Change in water content
The moisture content of the coating was monitored after the electrode was baked and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 case electrode coating formulation (%)
c. Technological Properties
The prepared welding rod is used for carrying out a welding experiment on a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 20mm, and the welding process parameters are as follows: current: 110-130A; layer temperature: 130-150 ℃; layer number: 6-8 layers. Chemical compositions of the slag and the deposited metal are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3 welding slag chemical composition (%)
Wherein, some trace elements exist, and the national standard has no clear requirement and is not listed.
TABLE 4 deposited Metal chemistry
Wherein, some trace elements exist, and the national standard has no clear requirement and is not listed.
The test ratios of the binder of the present invention are shown in the above tests:
1. the median value of the formula proportion is adopted in the example 1, the press coating and baking appearance of the welding rod is optimal, the welding rod in the comparative example 1 is easy to make wool tops and nest, and the binder has a great improvement effect on the forming of the welding rod.
2. The moisture absorption and alkali reversion tests show that the effect of the example 1 is best, and the welding rod is slightly improved compared with the welding rod of the comparative example 1.
3. On the premise of ensuring the components of the welding slag and deposited metal, no air hole is seen in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the splashing is small, the electric arc is stable, the welding slag is completely covered, and the welding process performance is as follows: example 1 > example 2 > example 3 > comparative example 2 > comparative example 1.
4. The binder test finished welding rod in the above mixture ratio range meets the standard requirements, and when the addition ratio of potassium sodium silicate = 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The bonding agent for producing the welding rod is characterized in that: the high-efficiency calcium silicate powder comprises, by weight, 4.5-7.5 parts of potassium silicate powder, 14-18 parts of sodium silicate powder, 30-35 parts of water glass, 15-18 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 4.7-8.5 parts of sodium stearate, 3.0-6.0 parts of calcium formate, 2.5-5.0 parts of sodium chloride solution, 2.5-4.5 parts of talcum powder and 1-4 parts of organic matters.
2. The bonding agent for producing welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.3-0.5mol/L.
3. The bonding agent for producing electric welding rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water glass is low-modulus potassium sodium 3;
potassium silicate modulus 3.0-3.4, K 2 O content 3.67%, na 2 The O content is 0.30 percent, and the water insoluble content is 0.044 percent;
sodium silicate modulus 2.1-2.6, na 2 O content 3.97%, K 2 O content 0.46% and water-insoluble content 0.046%.
4. The bonding agent for producing welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic matter is one or more than two of microcrystal, cotton and wood powder.
5. Use of the binder for electrode production according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in acid electrodes.
6. An electric welding rod, characterized in that: the binder for producing welding electrodes according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for the coating.
7. The welding electrode of claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the adhesive for producing the welding electrode to the powder of the coating is 24-27%.
8. The welding electrode of claim 6, wherein: the coating comprises, by weight, 45-55 parts of reduced ilmenite, 5-10 parts of rutile, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 4-6 parts of white mud, 3-5 parts of mica, 2-4.6 parts of fine mica, 5-7 parts of medium carbon ferromanganese and 5-10 parts of marble.
9. A method of making a welding electrode according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
1) Weighing each powder material of the binder and the medicinal powder of the medicinal coating in proportion, uniformly mixing, stirring and molding;
2) Respectively pressing and coating the powder on the welding core by a screw machine;
3) After press coating, the welding rod directly enters a chain furnace, the temperature of an air outlet is 105-120 ℃, and the common use time is 27-35 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310251071.8A CN115975513B (en) | 2023-03-16 | 2023-03-16 | Adhesive for producing welding rod |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310251071.8A CN115975513B (en) | 2023-03-16 | 2023-03-16 | Adhesive for producing welding rod |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115975513A true CN115975513A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
| CN115975513B CN115975513B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105081613A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-11-25 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-based welding rod used for ultralow-temperature steel and preparation method of nickel-based welding rod |
| CN105798483A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-07-27 | 河南职业技术学院 | Welding electrode coating and method of preparing same into welding electrode |
| CN108276957A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽宝辰机电设备科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of surfacing welding binder |
| CN110153595A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-23 | 天津市金桥焊材集团有限公司 | Applying argon gas self-shield argon tungsten arc welding of stainless steel welding wire is exempted from a kind of back side |
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- 2023-03-16 CN CN202310251071.8A patent/CN115975513B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105081613A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-11-25 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-based welding rod used for ultralow-temperature steel and preparation method of nickel-based welding rod |
| CN105798483A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-07-27 | 河南职业技术学院 | Welding electrode coating and method of preparing same into welding electrode |
| CN108276957A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽宝辰机电设备科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of surfacing welding binder |
| CN110153595A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-23 | 天津市金桥焊材集团有限公司 | Applying argon gas self-shield argon tungsten arc welding of stainless steel welding wire is exempted from a kind of back side |
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