CN115969615A - Negative pressure suction corneal pillow base and negative pressure suction corneal trephine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, and discloses a negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat, which comprises: the adsorption head comprises an inner ring and an outer ring sleeved outside the inner ring, a plurality of convex teeth are arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the inner ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring, the tops of the convex teeth are flush with the top of the inner ring, an air chamber is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and air holes communicated with the air chamber are formed in the outer wall of the outer ring; the absorption head is formed by combining and assembling an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring and the outer ring are combined in various sizes so as to be suitable for cutting corneas of different sizes; the finger-holding part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adsorption head part and comprises an internal thread sleeve, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve; the internal thread sleeve is communicated with the inner ring and forms a space for the drill bit to pass through together.

Description

Negative pressure suction corneal pillow base and negative pressure suction corneal trephine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat and a negative pressure suction corneal trephine.

Background

Blinding keratopathy, together with diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, are three major blinding diseases in the world today. Blinding keratopathy is mostly caused by infectious keratitis, corneal dystrophy, corneal degeneration, or corneal trauma. At present, the cornea transplantation operation is an important means for preventing and treating blindness at present. At present, the number of patients with blinding keratopathy is large, but because of the limited source of the cornea donor, only a few patients can receive the cornea transplantation operation every year. Therefore, improving the survival rate of corneal donors, perfecting corneal transplantation surgery, and reducing postoperative complications during surgery are critical to the success of corneal transplantation surgery.

In the corneal transplantation operation, the process of cutting the cornea of a patient by using a corneal trephine is the most critical operation in the whole operation. The eyeball consists of an eyeball wall and eyeball contents, the outermost layer of the eyeball wall consists of a cornea and a sclera, and in the corneal transplantation operation, the cornea of a patient is firstly subjected to ring-cutting excision by a corneal trephine, and then a normal cornea donor is transplanted to the eyeball of the patient. The medical industry has been saying "corneal diseases are difficult to treat", and so-called "difficult" is mainly difficult to operate. Previous operations have relied primarily on single trephines, cutting of lesions and preparation of implants. However, the single trephine has high skillful requirements on the operation technique of medical staff, and the problem of astigmatism after suturing is prominent due to a plurality of influencing factors; meanwhile, a receptor cornea cutting device which can adapt to people of different ages and different sizes is lacked in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a negative pressure suction corneal occipital base and a negative pressure suction corneal trephine, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a negative pressure suction corneal pillow comprising:

the adsorption head comprises an inner ring and an outer ring sleeved outside the inner ring, a plurality of convex teeth are arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the inner ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring, the tops of the convex teeth are flush with the top of the inner ring, an air chamber is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and air holes communicated with the air chamber are formed in the outer wall of the outer ring; the absorption head is formed by assembling an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring and the outer ring are combined in various sizes so as to be suitable for cutting corneas of different sizes;

the finger-holding part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adsorption head part and comprises an internal thread sleeve, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve; the internal thread sleeve is communicated with the inner ring and forms a space for the drill bit to pass through together.

Furthermore, the convex teeth are arranged in a trapezoidal table.

Furthermore, the top of the convex tooth is arranged in a circular arc chamfer.

Further, the number of the convex teeth is 12 to 18.

Further, the number of the convex teeth is 16.

Further, indicate the portion of holding still establish including the cover the hollow cylinder of the periphery of internal thread cover, the outside extension in both sides of cylinder is provided with the ear, the ear has the holding surface with the finger contact.

Furthermore, the supporting surfaces of the ear parts are arranged in an arc surface.

Further, the support surface of the ear is provided with an anti-slip groove.

In a second aspect, the application provides a negative pressure suction corneal trephine, which is characterized by comprising a drill knife and the negative pressure suction pillow seat,

the drill comprises a bottom plate, a mounting platform convexly arranged on the surface of the bottom plate and a cutter arranged on the mounting platform, wherein an external thread is arranged on the peripheral surface of the mounting platform and is used for being meshed with an internal thread of the internal thread sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, when the cornea trephine is used for corneal transplantation operation, the finger supporting part of the cornea trephine is held by one hand, so that the cornea trephine is fixed on the cornea of a patient, and the bottom plate of the drill knife of the cornea trephine is pulled by the other hand, so that the knife of the cornea trephine rotates, and the cornea of the patient is cut. Since the corneal trephine is fixed and pressurized by sucking the head negative pressure chamber (vacuum chamber), and the finger rest does not rotate when the base plate of the drill knife is rotated to rotate the knife, the corneal trephine is easily fixed on the cornea of the patient and prevented from being displaced or detached during the operation, and a proper and uniform pressure is easily applied to the corneal trephine during the whole operation. In addition, because fingers do not press on the upper end of the drill of the corneal trephine, the situation of feeding and displacement can be observed through the drill center through hole during surgery, and therefore surgery is safer and more accurate. Meanwhile, the absorption head is formed by assembling an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring and the outer ring are combined in various sizes to adapt to the cutting of corneas of different sizes, so that the cornea trephine is wider in applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a negative suction corneal trephine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a negative suction corneal trephine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an absorption head of a negative pressure suction corneal trephine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a negative pressure suction corneal pillow 20 and a negative pressure suction corneal trephine 10 comprising the negative pressure suction corneal pillow 20. The negative pressure suction corneal trephine 10 further comprises a drill 30, wherein the drill 30 comprises a bottom plate 31, an installation platform 33 convexly arranged on the surface of the bottom plate 31, and a cutter 32 arranged on the installation platform 33. In this embodiment, the cutter 32 is a hollow annular cylinder. Secondly, a central hole 31a is formed through the bottom plate 31, and the central hole 31a is mainly used for a marking pen to pass through during the later marking. And, the width of the marker pen is equivalent to that of the center hole 31a to prevent the marker pen from being translated in the center hole 31a in the circumferential direction of the center hole 31 a.

Further, the present invention provides a negative pressure suction corneal pillow 20 comprising:

the adsorption head comprises an inner ring 213 and an outer ring 212 sleeved outside the inner ring 213, a plurality of convex teeth 215 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring at the upper part of the outer wall of the inner ring 213, the tops of the convex teeth 215 are flush with the top of the inner ring 213, an air chamber is formed between the inner ring 213 and the outer ring 212, and a vent hole 214 communicated with the air chamber is arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring 212; the adsorption head is formed by assembling an inner ring 213 and an outer ring 212, the inner ring 213 and the outer ring 212 are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring 213 and the outer ring 212 are combined in various sizes so as to be suitable for cutting corneas of different sizes;

the finger-holding part 22 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adsorption head part, the finger-holding part comprises an internal thread sleeve 221, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve; the internal thread sleeve is communicated with the inner ring and forms a space for the drill bit to pass through together.

In the corneal transplantation operation using the corneal trephine 10 according to the present invention, the finger-supporting portion 22 of the corneal trephine 10 is held by one hand to fix the corneal trephine 22 to the cornea of the patient, and the base plate 31 of the drill 30 of the corneal trephine 22 is moved by the other hand to rotate the cutter 32 of the corneal trephine so as to cut off the cornea of the patient. Since the corneal trephine 10 is fixed and pressure is applied to the corneal trephine 10 by sucking the head negative pressure chamber (vacuum chamber), and the finger-supporting part 22 does not rotate when the base plate 31 of the drill 30 is rotated to rotate the cutter 32, it is easy to fix the corneal trephine to the cornea of the patient and prevent the corneal trephine from being displaced or detached during the operation, and it is easy to apply a proper and uniform pressure to the corneal trephine 10 during the whole operation. In addition, since the finger does not press on the upper end of the drill 30 of the corneal trephine, the situation of feeding and displacement can be observed through the central through hole of the drill during the operation, thereby making the operation safer and more accurate. Meanwhile, the absorption head is formed by assembling an inner ring 213 and an outer ring 212, the inner ring 213 and the outer ring 212 are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring 213 and the outer ring 212 are combined in various sizes to adapt to cutting of corneas of different sizes, so that the corneal trephine 10 is wider in applicability.

Referring to fig. 3, a sealing ring 216 is arranged between the lower part of the inner ring 213 and the lower part of the outer ring 212 of the adsorption head, so that a negative pressure environment is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring; alternatively, the lower portion of the inner ring 213 and the lower portion of the outer ring 212 may be sealed by dispensing.

The vent hole 214 is mainly used to connect an external gas control device (not shown), and in this embodiment, the gas control device includes an injector, a spring sleeved on a push rod of the injector, and a conduit connected to an air outlet of the injector. Wherein, one end of the spring sleeved on the injector push rod is connected with the push head of the push rod, and the other end is connected with the head of the needle cylinder. When the push rod is pushed into the syringe, the spring will deform and push the push rod back via restoring force. And one end of the conduit is connected with the air outlet of the syringe, and the other end is communicated with the vent hole 214. Therefore, when the syringe is inflated, the air chamber is in an air inlet state, and when the spring rebounds to draw the push rod outwards, the air chamber is in an air outlet state.

Next, a plurality of teeth 215 are arranged on the outer wall surface of the inner ring 213 at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the number of the teeth 215 is 12 to 18, preferably 16, that is, 16 teeth 215 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall surface of the inner ring 213.

In the above embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the mounting table 33 is provided with external threads, the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve is correspondingly provided with internal threads, and the drill 30 can be moved up and down by the matching of the threads. Typically, the tip of the cutter 32 is adjusted to be lowered below the upper end surface of the inner annular table 213 prior to the recipient cornea being placed on the upper seat body 21.

In operation, the nose of the tool 32 is adjusted to lower it below the upper end surface of the inner ring 213. Subsequently, the top of each of the teeth 215 is coated with gentian violet using a marker pen (gentian violet marker pen). After the teeth 215 are completely marked, the marking end of the marking pen is inserted through the center hole 31a from the side of the bottom plate 31 (the side where the cutter 32 is not provided), and then inserted into the center of the cutter 32, and the marking end of the marking pen is moved to be flush with the upper end surface of the inner ring 213. Then, push the push rod of the injector, keep the gas in the syringe of the injector to be discharged, at the same time, lay the receptor cornea (the middle part of the pathological change area of the receptor cornea is marked with a positioning point in advance) on the adsorption head, release the push rod when the surface layer of the receptor cornea is pasted on the upper end surface of the inner ring 213 and the positioning point of the cornea is aligned with the marking end of the marking pen, and then the push rod has the power of drawing outwards under the restoring force of the spring, so that the whole inner cavity forms a negative pressure cavity, and the receptor cornea is firmly adsorbed on the negative pressure suction corneal pillow 20. Then, the base plate 31 of the drill 30 is rotated so that the cutter 32 is gradually adjusted upward along the internal thread until the recipient cornea is cut through to complete the corneal cutting work. It should be explained here that the tool 32 is located in the space through which the drill bit passes, i.e. equivalently in the inner ring 213. Therefore, since the convex teeth 215 are provided on the outer wall surface of the inner ring 213, the points marked by the convex teeth 215 remain on the non-diseased recipient cornea (the periphery of the cut region) after the diseased recipient cornea is excised. Furthermore, the physician can use the mark points to facilitate the later stage of the stitching of the receptor cornea and the donor cornea (the donor cornea is correspondingly marked with a plurality of mark points).

According to the technical scheme, the plurality of convex teeth 215 are arranged on the wall surface of the inner ring platform 213 at intervals, and then the marking liquid (gentian violet liquid) is coated on the convex teeth 215, so that the marking liquid on the convex teeth 215 is effectively marked on the receptor cornea when the receptor cornea is subjected to drilling (at the moment, the receptor cornea is adsorbed on the occipital seat 20), and further, a doctor can conveniently suture the receptor cornea and the donor cornea in the later period. Moreover, the recipient cornea is marked by pressing the convex teeth 215 with the suction force, and the situation that the convex teeth 215 cut the recipient cornea is effectively avoided.

In another embodiment, the teeth 215 are arranged in a trapezoidal platform, and the top of the teeth 215 are arranged in a circular arc chamfer. It will be appreciated that the arrangement of the teeth 215 in the trapezoidal shape of the table marks the recipient cornea primarily by the top of the trapezoidal shape of the table. Furthermore, the top of the convex tooth 215 is arranged in a circular arc chamfer angle, so that the situation that the top of the convex tooth 215 causes a resting mark on the epithelium of the receptor cornea and the receptor cornea is damaged due to accommodation is mainly avoided.

Further, the supporting portion 22 further comprises a hollow cylinder 222 sleeved on the outer periphery of the internal thread sleeve 221, two sides of the cylinder 222 extend outwards to form an ear portion 223, and the ear portion 223 has a supporting surface 2231 for contacting with a finger; the support surface 2231 is provided to facilitate the operation of the corneal resecting operator.

Further, the supporting surface 2231 of the ear part is arranged in an arc surface.

Further, the support surfaces 2231 of the ears are provided with anti-slip grooves.

Referring to fig. 4, as an alternative embodiment, the vacuum suction corneal trephine 10 further comprises a positioning post 217, the diameter of the positioning post 217 is equivalent to the diameter of the central hole 31a, the top center of the positioning post 217 has a positioning hole, the positioning hole is used for aligning a positioning point marked in advance in the middle of a diseased region of a recipient cornea, so that the positioning post is overlapped, then an operator fixes the positioning post with one hand, holds the vacuum suction corneal pillow 20 with the drill 30 with the other hand, and sleeves the positioning post 217 and slides downwards until the whole circumference of the vacuum suction corneal pillow 20 contacts the front surface of the recipient cornea, an assistant pushes and holds a syringe with a spring connected with a silicone tube while sliding the vacuum suction corneal pillow 20 downwards with the surgical main knife, releases the syringe push rod after the main knife vacuum suction corneal pillow 20 is placed, so that the syringe automatically rebounds, slightly shakes the vacuum suction corneal pillow 20 with the main knife, if not slipping, the vacuum fixation succeeds, the positioning post 217 located in the middle of the assembly is taken out, and the positioning post 217 rotates clockwise to start cutting the recipient cornea by rotating the knife sleeve clockwise. The drill is rotated clockwise to contact the corneal surface, and then the clockwise rotation is continued until the drill penetrates the cornea or reaches the depth planned by the operator. When the desired depth of cut has been reached, rotation should be stopped immediately.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat comprising:

the adsorption head comprises an inner ring and an outer ring sleeved outside the inner ring, a plurality of convex teeth are arranged on the upper portion of the outer wall of the inner ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring, the tops of the convex teeth are flush with the top of the inner ring, an air chamber is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and air holes communicated with the air chamber are formed in the outer wall of the outer ring; the absorption head is formed by combining and assembling an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are both made of stainless steel materials, and the inner ring and the outer ring are combined in various sizes so as to be suitable for cutting corneas of different sizes;

the finger-holding part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adsorption head part and comprises an internal thread sleeve, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve; the internal thread sleeve is communicated with the inner ring, and a space for the drill bit to pass through is formed together.

2. The negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat of claim 1, wherein the convex teeth are arranged in a trapezoidal platform.

3. The negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat of claim 2, wherein the top of the convex teeth are rounded and chamfered.

4. The negative pressure aspiration corneal occipital seat of claim 1, wherein the number of the convex teeth is 12 to 18.

5. The negative pressure suction corneal occipital seat of claim 4, wherein the number of the convex teeth is 16.

6. The negative pressure suction corneal pillow according to claim 1, wherein the finger-supporting portion further comprises a hollow cylindrical body fitted around the outer periphery of the internal thread bushing, and two sides of the cylindrical body are provided with an ear portion extending outward, and the ear portion has a supporting surface for contacting with a finger.

7. The trephine pillow of claim 6, wherein the support surface of the ear is provided with a cambered surface.

8. The trephine pillow of claim 7, wherein the support surface of the ear is provided with anti-slip grooves.

9. A negative pressure suction corneal trephine, comprising a drill and the negative pressure suction pillow according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

the drill comprises a bottom plate, a mounting platform convexly arranged on the surface of the bottom plate and a cutter arranged on the mounting platform, wherein an external thread is arranged on the peripheral surface of the mounting platform and is used for being meshed with an internal thread of the internal thread sleeve.

10. The vacuum aspiration corneal trephine of claim 9, wherein the vacuum aspiration corneal trephine further comprises a positioning post, and a positioning hole is formed in the center of the top of the positioning post.

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