CN115963295B - Flame retardant device and method for lithium battery needling test - Google Patents
Flame retardant device and method for lithium battery needling test Download PDFInfo
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- CN115963295B CN115963295B CN202211705833.9A CN202211705833A CN115963295B CN 115963295 B CN115963295 B CN 115963295B CN 202211705833 A CN202211705833 A CN 202211705833A CN 115963295 B CN115963295 B CN 115963295B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame retardant device and a flame retardant method for a lithium battery needling test in the technical field of lithium battery needling equipment, and aims to solve the problems of high cost for extinguishing a fire source after the needling of the lithium battery is started, complex automatic procedure and the like in the prior art. The lithium battery fire extinguishing device comprises a water tank for providing a reaction space, a fixing device for clamping the lithium battery, a measuring needle capable of fusing after the lithium battery burns, and a clamping block with a special structure, wherein the clamping device can be forcedly opened in a puncturing process to release the lithium battery, and the measuring needle can automatically drop into an aqueous solution below the water tank after fusing to realize a fire extinguishing function. The device is used for cooling and extinguishing fire of the burning lithium battery in the lithium battery needling experiment, does not need to prepare extra spraying environment and equipment, can realize the automation of extinguishing fire through a mechanical component on the basis of the original test base material, and can effectively reduce the fire extinguishing cost so as to promote the reduction of the test cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flame retardant device and a flame retardant method for a lithium battery needling test, and belongs to the technical field of lithium battery needling equipment.
Background
The lithium battery was needled and the fully charged battery was placed on a flat surface and pierced radially with a 3-8mm diameter steel needle. The test cell did not fire or explode. Because the power battery has the possibility that foreign matters penetrate into the battery pack to cause the battery to generate short circuit in actual application occasions, and the needling test can well reflect the occurrence condition of the battery short circuit, when the steel needle is penetrated, the steel needle provides a short circuit path in the battery, the battery is internally provided with a short circuit path, the experiment practically simulates two processes of internal short circuit and external short circuit, at the moment, the electric energy of the battery is converted into heat energy and stored in the battery, and the short circuit causes concentrated burst and release of the energy in a short time, so that smoke, night leakage and even fire explosion are possibly generated, and compared with other types of safety tests, the needling test is easier to generate fire and explosion.
The needling test aims at testing the safety performance of the lithium battery in the practical application process, if the corresponding severe phenomenon occurs, the test requirement can be met, but if the lithium battery is failed to be detected to be qualified after being punctured, the gas generated by continuous combustion or explosion of the lithium battery can cause continuous pollution and damage to the surrounding environment, so that the fire is very necessary to be extinguished in time after the lithium battery is on fire, the fire extinguishing mode currently applied mainly adopts a fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire, but because the lithium battery contains a large amount of oxidant and can still burn after blocking air, the current effective mode adopts water cooling to continuously cool down and isolate external oxygen, and for the test environment, the most effective and economic practice is to put the burnt battery into water, so that the fire can be effectively extinguished, the clean and tidy experiment site can be well ensured, and the repeated continuous experiments are also facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a flame retardant device and a flame retardant test method for a lithium battery needling test, which are used for cooling and extinguishing fire of a burning lithium battery in the lithium battery needling test, and the device does not need to prepare extra spraying environments and equipment, so that the fire extinguishing cost can be effectively reduced, the test cost can be further reduced, and the clean and tidy experimental field can be ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the lithium battery needling test flame retardant device comprises a water tank, wherein an installation block is arranged in the water tank, and a driving device for driving the installation block to lift is further arranged above the water tank;
the mounting block is provided with a measuring pin for puncturing the lithium battery, the measuring pin comprises a connecting end arranged on the mounting block and a puncturing end arranged on the connecting end and used for puncturing the lithium battery, an unloading device is arranged between the connecting end and the puncturing end and used for disconnecting the puncturing end from the connecting end after the lithium battery is on fire;
and a battery fixing device used for clamping the battery to be tested is arranged below the penetrating end, and the fixing device is used for releasing the lithium battery after the lithium battery fires.
Preferably, the flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test is characterized in that a heat insulation partition plate is arranged in the water tank and below the battery fixing device, a through hole is formed in the heat insulation partition plate, an openable and closable movable plate is arranged on the through hole, the movable plate is connected with the through hole through rotation of a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and a penetrating end are arranged in a staggered mode in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, in the aforementioned flame retardant device for the needling test of a lithium battery, the piercing end is provided with barbs for preventing the lithium battery from falling from the piercing end.
Preferably, the foregoing lithium battery needling test flame retardant device, the battery fixing device includes two clamp splice that set up relatively in the horizontal direction, the clamping surface from the top down of clamp splice sets gradually to direction inclined plane, vertical clamping surface and support inclined plane, two still set up the first spring of connection at the water tank inner wall on the clamp splice, first spring is used for controlling two clamp splice self-adaptation and is close to or keep away from, be provided with the clamp plate on the link, the clamp plate is used for the lithium battery after the extrusion burning and makes the lithium battery cross vertical clamping surface and support inclined plane.
Preferably, the foregoing flame retardant device for the needling test of a lithium battery, wherein the unloading device is a hot-melt adhesive structural layer, and the hot-melt adhesive structural layer is used for fusing after the lithium battery fires.
Preferably, in the flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test, the section shape of the pressing plate is in a shape of a door with chamfer angles at two sides of the upper end.
Preferably, the unloading device is a plug bush arranged at the bottom of the connecting end, an electromagnet used for adsorbing the penetrating end is arranged at the bottom of the plug bush, and the electromagnet is used for disconnecting the penetrating end and the connecting end after the lithium battery fires.
Preferably, the aforesaid lithium cell acupuncture test fire-retardant device, two all install the slide bar that runs through the water tank that slides on the clamp splice, every all overlap on the slide bar and be equipped with conflict board, every the one end that the clamp splice was kept away from to the slide bar all sets up to the screw thread post, threaded connection has the lock nut that is used for fixed conflict board relative position on the screw thread post, every still overlap on the slide bar and be equipped with the both ends and contradict respectively the second spring between conflict board and water tank outer wall
Preferably, in the aforementioned flame retardant device for the needling test of a lithium battery, a first magnet is disposed on a side wall of the movable plate, and a second magnet for adsorbing the first magnet is disposed on a through hole of the movable plate.
Preferably, in the above flame retardant device for the needling test of a lithium battery, the first magnet is a permanent magnet, and the second magnet is an electromagnet.
The test method of the flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test comprises the following steps:
the measuring needle is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate, and the battery to be tested is arranged between the two clamping blocks;
and starting the driving device to drive the lithium battery to puncture, stopping the driving device, and continuously driving the driving device to drive the pressing plate to move downwards after the unloading device is disconnected from the connecting end and the puncturing end, so that the lithium battery is driven to be separated from the clamping block through the pressing plate until the lithium battery falls into water freely.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the cooling water is arranged below the original needling test device, the needle for realizing the puncturing action can be separated by arranging the unloading device, the whole lithium battery and the needle are separated after the lithium battery is on fire, the lithium battery falls into the water pool below the test bed, the continuous cooling effect of the water pool is utilized to cool the burnt lithium battery and finally realize the flame-retardant and fire-extinguishing functions, compared with other control programs for extinguishing fire, the control cost and the use cost can be effectively reduced, the automatic fire-extinguishing mode is simple, and popularization and application are facilitated;
according to the invention, the unloading device is arranged as the fusible hot-melt adhesive structure layer, so that the measuring needle can be automatically fused by utilizing the heat generated after the lithium battery fires, an additional intelligent control means is not needed, the operation mode is convenient, and the setting cost of the device can be effectively reduced;
according to the invention, the pressure plate provided with the measuring needle is of a door-shaped structure with chamfers at two sides of the top end, so that a heat source can be concentrated towards the middle part after flame is generated, and the fusion of a hot melt adhesive structural layer can be accelerated; in addition, two support legs below the pressing plate can provide uniform force application at two ends for the lithium battery, so that the lithium battery can be pressed to normally pass through the clamping layer formed by the clamping blocks; finally, when the control program controls the driving control device to reset, the chamfering structure at the top end of the section can be utilized to smoothly recycle from the clamping block position, thereby being beneficial to controlling the driving device to repeatedly operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a flame retardant device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a flame retardant device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the A-A direction of a flame retardant device provided by the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a flame retardant device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a B-B directional cross-sectional view of a flame retardant device provided by the embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-a water tank; 2-a driving device; 3-mounting blocks; 4-measuring needle; 401-connection end; 402-a platen; 403-piercing end; 404-a hot melt adhesive structural layer; 405-barbs; 5-a slide bar; 6-a first spring; 7-abutting plates; 8-clamping blocks; 9-a heat-insulating partition board; 10-opening; 11-a movable plate; 12-an air outlet pipe; 13-a water pipe; 14-a threaded post; 15-locking nuts; 16-a second magnet; 17-a first magnet; 18-rotating shaft; 19-a coil spring; 20-sliding grooves; 21-closing the door; 22-a second spring; 81-guiding inclined plane; 82-vertical clamping surfaces; 83-support ramp.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
According to the lithium battery needling test flame retardant device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the device is used for cooling and extinguishing fire of a burning lithium battery in a lithium battery needling test, the device does not need to prepare additional spraying environments and equipment, the fire extinguishing automation can be realized through mechanical members on the basis of an original test base material, the fire extinguishing cost can be effectively reduced, and further the test cost is promoted to be reduced.
Before the puncture, the lithium battery needs to be fixed first, in order to ensure that the lithium battery can be clamped according to the function of the device, two clamping blocks 8 which are mirror symmetry are arranged in the water tank 1 as shown in fig. 3, and sliding rods 5 which slide through the wall of the water tank 1 are arranged on the two clamping blocks 8, so that the sliding rods 5 are used for ensuring the moving directions of the two clamping blocks 8 which are close to or far away from each other, namely, a plurality of sliding rods 5 are preferably arranged in parallel. The first springs 6 with two ends respectively abutting against the clamping blocks 8 and the inner wall of the water tank 1 are sleeved on each sliding rod 5, so that the first springs 6 are used for extruding the two clamping blocks 8 to clamp the lithium battery to be tested; if the lithium battery is clamped only through the clamping acting force, the lithium battery is easy to skew or directly fall into the water body arranged below the water tank 1 when the puncture action occurs, and then the reliable fixing of the lithium battery cannot be finished. For this purpose, the clamping surfaces of the clamping blocks 8 are provided with a guide inclined surface 81, a vertical clamping surface 82 and a support inclined surface 83 in order from top to bottom.
Considering the centering position of the clamping block 8, excessive displacement is avoided, at this time, a certain pressure needs to be borne by the first spring 6 and a certain tensile force needs to be borne by the first spring, the installation mode of the inner wall of the box body is more inconvenient and is easy to be pulled and disjointed, for the sake of simplifying the installation mode of the device components, namely, the operation convenience, each sliding rod 5 is sleeved with an abutting plate 7, one end of each sliding rod 5 far away from the clamping block 8 is provided with a threaded column 14 (as shown in fig. 3), the threaded column 14 is in threaded connection with a locking nut 15 for fixing the relative position of the abutting plate 7, at last, each sliding rod 5 is sleeved with a second spring 22 with two ends respectively abutting against between the abutting plate 7 and the outer wall of the water tank 1, the second spring 22 can be compressed when the ejection distance of the first spring 6 is larger, and the two springs are driven to be in the centering state finally, at this time, each spring is directly sleeved on the sliding rod 5, and other complex connection modes are not needed.
When the lithium battery is installed, the bottom end of the lithium battery is abutted against the transition part between the vertical clamping surface 82 and the supporting inclined surface 83, and meanwhile, the position stability of the lithium battery between the clamping blocks 8 is guaranteed through the supporting force and the clamping force. The device mainly enables the lithium battery to fall off after a fire in the water tank arranged below the falling water tank 1 through the fusible measuring needle 4, and finally achieves cooling and fire extinguishing. In order to realize the function of the stylus 4, the stylus 4 is mounted at the bottom of the mounting block 3 (see fig. 3 or fig. 5), specifically: the measuring needle 4 comprises a connecting end 401 arranged on the mounting block 3, a pressing plate 402 arranged on the main rod body and used for pressing the lithium battery, a penetrating end 403 used for penetrating the lithium battery, and a hot melt adhesive structure layer 404 used for bonding the penetrating end 403 and the connecting end 401, wherein when the heated temperature of the hot melt adhesive structure layer 404 reaches a preset value, the hot melt adhesive structure layer 404 is separated from the penetrating end 403. The layer of hot melt adhesive structure 404 is generally annular in shape throughout for insertion into the penetrating end 403.
The hot-melt adhesive structure layer 404 is used for fusing after the lithium battery fires into the aqueous solution arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1, wherein the arrangement position of the pressing plate 402 is not limited, so that the lithium battery can be pressed and is enabled to pass through the clamping block 8, the lithium battery is not affected by other fixing effects, and the lithium battery can automatically fall off after the hot-melt adhesive structure layer 404 is fused. The device can realize an automatic fire extinguishing mode by only adding the water tank 1, corresponding clamping structures and changing the fusible structure of the measuring needle 4 on the basis of original test equipment, and an extra sensor and a spraying and extinguishing device are not required to be prepared by utilizing a mechanical structure.
Furthermore, electromagnetic control can be further provided between the connection end 401 and the penetrating end 403, a plug bush can be provided at the bottom of the connection end 401, an electromagnet for adsorbing the penetrating end 403 is provided at the bottom of the plug bush, under the action of the electromagnet in a normal state, the upper end of the penetrating end 403 is inserted into the plug bush, and fixation is realized under the adsorption action of the electromagnet. When the combustion of the test cell reaches a preset level, the piercing end 403 is separated from the electromagnet.
The movable plate 11 is connected through the rotation of the rotating shaft 18 of the through hole 10, and the rotating shaft 18 and the penetrating end 403 are arranged in a staggered mode in the horizontal direction, so that the battery is prevented from falling right above the rotating shaft 18 when falling, and the movable plate 11 is not easy to open by the battery through gravity.
In order to ensure the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation partition plate 9, and meanwhile, the movable plate 11 is opened and closed to ensure that the lithium battery normally falls into the water tank below, two examples are arranged here for solving the function of opening and closing the movable plate 11:
example one: the second magnet 16 is arranged at the inner edge of the through hole 10, the first magnet 17 is arranged at the outer edge of the movable plate 11, and the coil spring 19 for driving the movable plate 11 to approach to the horizontal position is arranged on the rotating shaft 18, as shown in fig. 5, when the lithium battery falls onto the movable plate 11, the lithium battery body slides on the movable plate 11 due to unbalance, the farther the lithium battery is from the center of the rotating shaft 18, the larger the applied moment is, the larger the inclination angle of the movable plate 11 is, until the lithium battery falls into a water tank below, and after the lithium battery falls into the water tank, the coil spring 19 drives the movable plate 11 to return, and the sealing of the heat insulation partition 9 is realized again through the adsorption effect of the first magnet 17 and the second magnet 16;
example two: this example differs from example one in that the first magnet 17 is provided as a permanent magnet, and the second magnet 16 is provided as an electromagnet, and when the movable plate 11 needs to be in the open state, the force generated between the second magnet 16 and the first magnet 17 is a repulsive force; when the movable plate 11 is in an open state, the force generated between the second magnet 16 and the first magnet 17 is repulsive force, the structure can be matched with the structure of the measuring pin 4 which is an electromagnet when the unloading device is used, when the electromagnet of the measuring pin 4 is controlled to change, the magnetic pole of the second magnet 16 can be synchronously controlled to change, namely, the movable plate 11 can be synchronously opened when a lithium battery falls off, after the normal action of the lithium battery, the power is cut off, the magnetism of the second magnet 16 is cancelled, the movable plate 11 is retracted by utilizing the retraction action of the coil spring 19, and the balance position of the movable plate 11 is positioned by re-electrifying after the completion of the retraction action.
In order to facilitate the removal and further treatment of the gases generated in the reaction chamber, an outlet pipe 12 is arranged in communication with the water tank 1 above the thermal insulation partition 9, and a water pipe 13 is arranged in communication with the water tank 1 below the thermal insulation partition 9 in order to facilitate the replacement of the aqueous solution or the introduction of the recyclable cooling water.
In order to prevent the pressing plate 402 from driving the lithium battery to pass through the clamping block 8, the deformation and gravity action of the lithium battery enable the lithium battery to fall off from the measuring needle 4, and at the moment, the lithium battery is easy to directly fall off from the measuring needle 4 even if the spontaneous combustion phenomenon does not occur, so that the normal performance of the test is affected, and in order to avoid the phenomenon, a barb 405 for preventing the lithium battery from falling off from the penetrating end 403 is arranged on the penetrating end 403.
The embodiment also provides a structure of the pressing plate 402 and a positional relationship between the pressing plate 402 and the hot-melt adhesive structural layer 404, specifically, referring to fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape of the pressing plate 402 is set to be a "door" shape with chamfer shapes on both sides of the upper end, and the hot-melt adhesive structural layer 404 is adhered to the top of the inner wall of the pressing plate 402, and the arrangement of the structure and the related positions has three advantages: firstly, by designing the pressing plate 402 with the shape structure, the uniform stress on the two sides of the lithium battery can be realized, and the situation that the lithium battery cannot be separated from the position of the clamping block 8 normally due to the fact that the measuring needle 4 integrally penetrates the lithium battery due to the fact that the pressing plate 402 applies excessive pressure to the damaged position of the lithium battery in the clamping process can be avoided; second, the "door" structure can be used to concentrate the heat source generated by the flame toward the position of the hot melt adhesive layer 404, which is beneficial to fusing in a shorter time after the lithium battery fires; third, the chamfer structure can be recovered normally after the pressing plate 402 passes over the clamping block 8, which is beneficial for the driving device 2 to drive the mounting block 3 to reciprocate.
In order to facilitate the operation and installation or other treatment of the lithium battery inside the water tank 1, an operation opening may be provided above the water tank 1, and in order to ensure the closed heat preservation and safety conditions of the test environment, sliding grooves 20 may be provided on both sides of the operation opening, and a sealing door 21 for sealing the water tank 1 may be slidably provided between the two sliding grooves 20 to realize the closing of the operation opening.
Considering that if the hot-melt adhesive structure layer 404 is in a common bonding manner, it is easy to keep a certain adsorption capacity after melting to adsorb the penetrating end 403 and the lithium battery, and the penetrating end 403 is inconvenient to fall off under the condition that no skew air leakage occurs, therefore, the hot-melt adhesive structure layer 404 is a rubber column, the connecting end 401 and the penetrating end 403 are respectively bonded in a bonding manner after the two ends of the structure layer are baked and melted, and at the moment, the lithium battery can burn the rubber column after firing, so that good disjointing and breaking effects are guaranteed.
The embodiment also discloses a test method adopting the lithium battery needling test flame retardant device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the measuring needle 4 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate 402, and the battery to be tested is arranged between the two clamping blocks 8; starting the driving device 2 to drive the lithium battery to puncture and then stopping the driving device 2, and when the lithium battery is burned to a preset degree, disconnecting the connection end 401 from the puncturing end 403 by the unloading device, continuing to drive the driving device 2 to drive the pressing plate 402 to move downwards, and driving the lithium battery to separate from the clamping block 8 through the pressing plate 402 until the lithium battery falls into the water body below the water tank 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the cooling water is arranged below the original needling test device, the separable measuring needle is arranged, the measuring needle is separated after the lithium battery is on fire, the lithium battery falls into the water tank below the test bed, the continuous cooling function of the water tank is utilized to cool the burnt lithium battery and isolate the burnt lithium battery from external oxygen, and finally, the flame-retardant fire-extinguishing function is realized.
According to the invention, the pressure plate provided with the measuring needle is of a door-shaped structure with chamfers at two sides of the top end, so that a heat source can be concentrated towards the middle part after flame is generated, and the fusion of a hot melt adhesive structural layer can be accelerated; in addition, two support legs below the pressing plate can provide uniform force application at two ends for the lithium battery, so that the lithium battery can be pressed to normally pass through the clamping layer formed by the clamping blocks; finally, when the control program controls the driving control device to reset, the chamfering structure at the top end of the section can be utilized to smoothly recycle from the clamping block position, thereby being beneficial to controlling the driving device to repeatedly operate.
The invention is simple and reliable, avoids realizing mass injection of cooling water or fire extinguishing agent on site, and is beneficial to ensuring the cleanliness of experimental sites.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test is characterized by comprising a water tank (1), wherein an installation block (3) is arranged in the water tank (1), and a driving device (2) for driving the installation block (3) to lift is further arranged above the water tank (1);
the mounting block (3) is provided with a measuring needle (4) for puncturing the lithium battery, the measuring needle (4) comprises a connecting end (401) arranged on the mounting block (3) and a puncturing end (403) arranged on the connecting end (401) and used for puncturing the lithium battery, and an unloading device is arranged between the connecting end (401) and the puncturing end (403) and used for disconnecting the puncturing end (403) from the connecting end (401) after the lithium battery fires;
a battery fixing device used for clamping a battery to be tested is arranged below the penetrating end (403), and the battery fixing device is used for releasing the lithium battery after the lithium battery fires;
the battery fixing device comprises two clamping blocks (8) which are oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction, the clamping surfaces of the clamping blocks (8) are sequentially provided with a guide inclined surface (81), a vertical clamping surface (82) and a supporting inclined surface (83) from top to bottom, the two clamping blocks (8) are further provided with a first spring (6) which is connected to the inner wall of the water tank (1), the first spring (6) is used for controlling the two clamping blocks (8) to be adaptively close to or far away from each other, the connecting end (401) is provided with a pressing plate (402), and the pressing plate (402) is used for extruding a burnt lithium battery and enabling the lithium battery to pass through the vertical clamping surface (82) and the supporting inclined surface (83);
the section shape of the pressing plate (402) is in a shape of a door with chamfer angles on two sides of the upper end.
2. The lithium battery needling test flame retardant device according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulation partition plate (9) is arranged in the water tank (1) and below the battery fixing device, a through hole (10) is formed in the heat insulation partition plate (9), an openable and closable movable plate (11) is arranged on the through hole (10), the through hole (10) is rotationally connected with the movable plate (11) through a rotating shaft (18), and the rotating shaft (18) and a penetrating end (403) are arranged in a staggered mode in the horizontal direction.
3. The lithium battery needling test flame retardant device of claim 1, wherein the unloading device is a hot melt adhesive structural layer (404), the hot melt adhesive structural layer (404) being configured to fuse upon firing of the lithium battery.
4. The flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test according to claim 1, wherein the unloading device is a plug bush arranged at the bottom of the connecting end (401), an electromagnet for adsorbing the penetrating end (403) is arranged at the bottom of the plug bush, and the electromagnet is used for disconnecting the penetrating end (403) from the connecting end (401) after the lithium battery fires.
5. The lithium battery needling test flame retardant device according to claim 1, characterized in that two slide bars (5) penetrating through the water tank (1) in a sliding manner are arranged on the clamping blocks (8), each slide bar (5) is sleeved with a corresponding interference plate (7), one end, far away from the clamping blocks (8), of each slide bar (5) is provided with a threaded column (14), locking nuts (15) used for fixing the relative positions of the corresponding interference plates (7) are connected to the threaded columns (14) in a threaded manner, and each slide bar (5) is sleeved with a second spring (22) with two ends respectively abutting between the corresponding interference plate (7) and the outer wall of the water tank (1).
6. The flame retardant device for the lithium battery needling test according to claim 2, wherein a coil spring (19) for driving the movable plate (11) to approach to the horizontal position is arranged on the rotating shaft (18), a first magnet (17) is arranged on the side wall of the movable plate (11), and a second magnet (16) for adsorbing the first magnet (17) is arranged on the through hole (10) of the movable plate (11).
7. The flame retardant device for the needling test of the lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein the first magnet (17) is a permanent magnet, and the second magnet (16) is an electromagnet.
8. A method of testing a flame retardant device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the measuring needle (4) is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate (402), and the battery to be tested is arranged between the two clamping blocks (8);
starting the driving device (2) to drive the lithium battery to puncture, stopping the driving device (2) from further action, and continuously driving the driving device (2) to drive the pressing plate (402) to move downwards after the connection end (401) and the puncture end (403) of the unloading device are disconnected, so that the lithium battery is driven to be separated from the clamping block (8) through the pressing plate (402) until the lithium battery falls into water freely.
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